JP2015117533A - Bearing wall of combinedly using face bar and brace - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bearing wall of combinedly using a face bar and a brace, capable of reducing a steel material use amount while being excellent in energy absorption performance, capable of providing an opening part without causing performance reduction and disadvantage on construction, and capable of also easily preventing a property of a waist-folding shape of a vertical frame material.SOLUTION: In the bearing wall, a frame body 2 is partitioned into a plurality of partition layers (a and b) vertically juxtaposed with a horizontal frame material 6 of becoming a muntin as a boundary, and a bearing element is provided in the respective partition layers. The bearing element provided in a partial partition layer (a) is a face bar 7, and the bearing element provided in the other partition layer (b) is a diagonal member 8. Deformation absorption means 9 for absorbing deformation of this partition layer (b) is provided in the partition layer (b) provided with the diagonal member 8.

Description

    The present invention relates to a bearing material / brace combined bearing wall used as an outer wall of a building.

In a load bearing wall of a low-rise building, a tensile load-bearing brace is often used as a load bearing element. For example, the column / beam joint is a pin joint, and for horizontal forces due to earthquakes, etc., the outer wall panel placed between the columns is supported by a brace that bears only the tensile force (panel combined frame structure) It is.
Tensile type strength braces have the advantage that they can be produced at low cost using relatively light steel materials, while the load / deformation history (restoring force characteristics) exhibits “slip type” characteristics. The following points can be cited as slip-type defects.
・ In the event of a large earthquake, after the brace is plasticized and stretched, when the trembling force of the earthquake acts, the brace does not resist the horizontal force at all.
-Therefore, when swinging back, the building will move horizontally without any resistance until the building resists against the horizontal force in the opposite direction, causing an impact when the brace begins to resist. This can be a factor for residents to have anxiety and dissatisfaction with the building.

  FIG. 28 is a typical example showing a slip-type behavior history, and is a load bearing wall 100 in which a brace 103 showing only a tensile force is inserted between a pin-joint vertical frame member 101 and a horizontal frame member 102. The vertical frame material 101 and the horizontal frame material 102 are, for example, columns and beams, respectively. The brace 103 resists when pushed by the horizontal load P, but the brace 103 does not resist anything when pulled back. FIG. 29 shows a deformation-load graph at the time of repeated load action on the load bearing wall of the complete slip type hysteresis. When a force is applied in a direction to return the deformation δ, the brace does not bear the force, so that it deforms (slips) to slide.

  In order to solve these problems, a frame structure having a “spindle type” history is generally effective. However, the ramen frame is disadvantageous in terms of cost and the amount of steel because it requires the use of thick-walled columns in order to make the columns and beams rigidly connected. The bearing wall using the compression brace is also a spindle type, but the compression brace generally has a large cross-sectional dimension, which is disadvantageous in terms of cost.

  FIG. 30 shows a typical example showing a spindle-type behavior history. This figure shows a load bearing wall 100A containing a compression brace 103A. In this example, the brace 103A resists the horizontal force when it is pulled back. FIG. 31 is a deformation-load graph at the time of repeated load action of a load-bearing wall of a complete spindle type hysteresis. Compared to the slip type, the brace 103A resists even when pulled back, so that more energy can be absorbed (the area surrounded by the graph indicates the amount of energy absorption, and this area is large).

  In this way, the tensile-type load-bearing brace has a slip-type behavior and has a low energy absorption capacity, and an impact occurs when swinging back. Become. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a frame that requires a small amount of steel and shows a spindle-type history.

As a load bearing wall that shows a spindle type history and uses an inexpensive material such as a lightweight steel frame, there is a membrane type load bearing wall that uses a corrugated steel plate as a load bearing element (for example, Patent Document 1).
As an example, the membrane-type bearing wall divides the wall surface into a plurality (4 or 6) as shown in FIG. 32, and the folded plate 104 is used for each partition layer. In the event of an earthquake, the folded plate 104 has a mechanism for absorbing energy against horizontal force. It has been confirmed by experiments that the bearing wall behaves like a spindle type under appropriate conditions.

JP 2010-090650 A

A membrane-type load-bearing wall using a folded plate as a load-bearing element is excellent in that it requires a small amount of steel and exhibits a spindle-type history, but has the following problems.
-Since the folded plate 104 is stretched over the entire surface of the load-bearing wall, holes for opening the equipment cannot be obtained. It is predicted that the yield strength will be lowered by opening the hole. In order not to provide a hole for opening the equipment in the bearing wall, the plan of the building is restricted. In a building construction plan, it may be necessary to provide openings (supply / exhaust through-holes, daylighting openings, etc.) at the bearing wall positions.
・ Reinforcing methods have been proposed in the construction site to reinforce the same folded plate at the construction site where the notched opening of the equipment has been cut. From the point of view, there are difficulties in hiring.
Even if a hole for opening an equipment is formed in the folded plate 104 and reinforced, the rigidity evaluation method for that portion has not been established.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 33, the applicant of the present invention has proposed a configuration in which a brace 105 is incorporated as a load-bearing element, instead of using a folded plate, in a membrane-type load-bearing wall where a facility opening is provided ( For example, Japanese Patent Application No. 2013-038631). However, I cannot be satisfied with the following points.
That is, since the partition layer composed of the brace 105 and the partition layer composed of the folded plate 104 have different rigidity, bending stress is generated in the vertical frame member. Specifically, when an earthquake occurs and a horizontal force P is applied as shown in FIG. 34 (A), each partition layer of the bearing wall has the same rigidity as shown in FIG. The deformation of the layers is the same, and the vertical frame member 101 is not bent. However, as shown in FIG. 5C, if the partition layer using the brace 105 is rigid and difficult to bend with respect to the partition layer using the folded plate 104, the partition layer using the folded plate 104 and the brace 105 are separated. Bending stress is generated in the vertical frame member 101 at the portion 106 between the used partition layers.
In this case, the vertical frame member 101 needs to have a structural calculation in consideration of the load (bending) stress at the time of the earthquake, and the structural calculation becomes complicated. For this reason, it is desired to receive only the load in the vertical direction (compression, tension) without requiring complicated structural calculations. For this purpose, it is necessary to match the rigidity (magnitude of force per unit deformation amount) of the partition layer using the folded plate 104 and the partition layer using the brace 105.

  The object of the present invention is to use a different type of load-bearing element, with excellent energy-absorbing performance, and with a small amount of steel material used, and with the ability to provide openings without causing performance degradation or construction disadvantages. It is intended to provide a bearing material / brace combined bearing wall that can easily prevent the folded shape of the vertical frame material caused by the above.

The bearing material / brace combined bearing wall according to the present invention includes left and right vertical frame members, upper and lower horizontal frame members joined between upper and lower ends of the left and right vertical frame members, and the left and right vertical frame members. A load-bearing wall that is divided into a plurality of partition layers arranged vertically with the horizontal frame material serving as the middle rail as a boundary, and having a load-bearing element in each partition layer Because
The strength element provided in a part of the partition layer is a surface material covering the partition layer, the strength element provided in the other part of the partition layer is a diagonal material, and the partition provided with the diagonal material The layer is provided with a deformation absorbing means for absorbing the deformation of the partition layer.

According to the bearing wall with brace and brace with this structure, it is divided into a plurality of partition layers lined up and down, and the load bearing elements of some partition layers are used as face materials. The structure has excellent absorption performance. Since the load bearing elements in the other part of the partition layers are diagonal materials, the partition layers can be provided with openings for facilities, daylighting, and the like without lowering the yield strength and disadvantages in construction. The partition layer using the diagonal material is higher in rigidity than the partition layer using the face material as it is, but since the deformation absorbing means for absorbing the deformation of the partition layer is provided, the partition layer using the face material It can be adjusted to have the same rigidity. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the waist frame-like properties of the vertical frame material that are generated by using different types of load bearing elements while using both the partition layer using the face material as the load bearing element and the partition layer using the diagonal material. Because the deformation absorbing means that absorbs deformation is used, the rigidity of the partition layer can be adjusted by this deformation absorbing means, and unlike the case of adjusting the rigidity of the partition layer in the structural design by changing the strength of each frame material or diagonal material, Rigidity can be easily adjusted without performing complicated structural calculations.
In this way, while showing a history close to that of a spindle type and excellent in energy absorption performance, it is possible to provide a small amount of steel material used, and to provide an opening that can cause performance degradation and construction disadvantages. It is possible to easily prevent the folded shape of the vertical frame material caused by using the load bearing element.

  The bearing material / brace combined bearing wall may be configured as a wall panel or may be assembled on site. In the case of being configured as a wall panel, the vertical frame material is a wall panel provided separately from the pillar in a building with a combined frame structure, etc. The inner frame material may be used. Further, the deformation absorbing means is not limited to a device that is provided exclusively for deformation absorption and deforms itself, but depending on the material of the horizontal frame material, brace, etc., and the relationship of the joining position, the entire horizontal frame material or diagonal material or Some of them may have a deformation absorbing function.

In this invention, the deformation absorbing means is provided at the intersection of the diagonal materials provided in the partition layer having the deformation absorbing means, the inclination directions being opposite to each other, or between the diagonal materials provided in the partition layer. It is good also as a structure located.
Regardless of whether it is provided at the intersection or in the middle of the diagonal member, the rigidity of the partition layer can be easily adjusted by the deformation absorbing means.

  In the present invention, the face material may be a corrugated steel plate. The face material as the load bearing element is not limited to the corrugated steel sheet, but may be a skin panel, a load bearing plywood, or the like. By distorting the ridge in the direction intersecting the ridge line direction, stable energy absorption without slip property can be performed with respect to the in-plane shear force. Therefore, a history closer to the spindle type is shown.

In the present invention, the number of the partition layers is four, and the partition layer using the face material and the partition layer using the diagonal material may each have at least one location.
If the height of the partition layer is reduced, the area of the face material as a load-bearing element can be reduced, and the handleability is improved. In other words, the angle between the joining members needs to be more than 60 degrees and less than 120 degrees. Therefore, the inclination angle of the brace with respect to the horizontal plane is preferably larger than 60 degrees. In a general building, the height of one floor is about 2700 mm, and the panel width is one module (the standard dimension of the building, set appropriately within 800 to 1100 mm). Considering a general width, it is preferable that the number of partition layers is four.

  In the present invention, the diagonal materials in at least one partition layer using the diagonal materials are two that are inclined in opposite directions and one end approaches each other, and the deformation absorbing means includes the two diagonal materials. A configuration may be adopted in which the intersections of the shaft centers are decentered up and down with respect to the horizontal frame member that joins the end portions on the approaching side of the diagonal members.

In this case, the approaching end portions of the two diagonal members are joined to the horizontal frame member at positions separated from each other in the longitudinal direction of the horizontal frame member, and the approaching sides of the two diagonal members These ends may be joined. That is, the intersection of the two diagonal members is decentered so that the two diagonal members intersect at a position extending from the joining portion in the horizontal frame member.
In addition, the approaching end of the two diagonal members is joined to the coupling plate joined to the horizontal frame material at a position away from the horizontal frame material in the vertical direction and at the intersection of each other. It is also good. In this case, the two diagonal members are decentered so as to intersect with each other at the front position with respect to the horizontal frame member.

Even in the case of eccentricity at either the extended position or the near position, energy is absorbed by the eccentric bending deformation of the entire horizontal frame material due to the axial force of the diagonal material.
The rigidity can be adjusted by the distance between the joints of the two diagonal frame members in the case where the intersection is the extended position. When the intersection is the front position, the rigidity can be adjusted by the horizontal plate width of the coupling plate and the eccentric distance of the intersection with respect to the horizontal frame material.

In the present invention, the deformation absorbing means may be a device which is provided exclusively for deformation absorption and deforms itself.
If the deformation absorbing means is a device that itself deforms, the rigidity of the partition layer can be easily adjusted by adjusting the size and shape of the device.

  The bearing material / brace combined bearing wall according to the present invention includes left and right vertical frame members, upper and lower horizontal frame members joined between upper and lower ends of the left and right vertical frame members, and the left and right vertical frame members. A load-bearing wall that is divided into a plurality of partition layers arranged vertically with the horizontal frame material serving as the middle rail as a boundary, and having a load-bearing element in each partition layer The load bearing element provided in a part of the partition layer is a face material covering the partition layer, the load bearing element provided in the other part of the partition layer is a diagonal material, and the diagonal material Since the partition layer provided with a deformation absorbing means that absorbs the deformation of this partition layer shows a history similar to a spindle type and has excellent energy absorption performance, the amount of steel used can be reduced, and performance degradation and construction Without opening the opening. Rukoto can, and different types of buckling-like nature of the vertical frame member caused by the use of load-bearing elements can be prevented easily.

It is the front view, horizontal sectional view, and top view of a bearing material / brace combined bearing wall according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is an expanded sectional view of the face material of the same face material / brace combined bearing wall. It is a fragmentary perspective view which shows the relationship between the face material of the same face material / brace combined use bearing wall, and a horizontal frame material. It is an enlarged horizontal sectional view of a portion where two bearing materials / brace bearing walls are adjacent to each other. It is the partial expanded sectional view and partial expanded perspective view of the face material in the same face material and brace combined bearing wall. It is an enlarged front view, the fracture | rupture side view, and top view which show the vicinity of the corner | angular part of the upper end in the same face material and brace combined bearing wall. It is the enlarged front view which shows the corner | angular part vicinity of the lower end in the same-surface material and brace combined bearing wall, and the fracture | rupture side view. It is a schematic front view which shows the various arrangement | positioning example of the division layer and deformation | transformation absorption means which used the diagonal material and the face material in the same face material and brace combined bearing wall. It is a front view which shows the various structural examples of the division layer using the diagonal material in the same-surface material and brace combined bearing wall. It is explanatory drawing which combined the front view which shows an example of the division layer using the diagonal material in the same-surface material and brace combined bearing wall, and the figure which shows the effect | action. It is the partial expanded front view and partial expanded side view of the division layer. It is explanatory drawing which combined the front view which shows the other example of the division layer using the diagonal material in the same-surface material and brace combined bearing wall, and the figure which shows the effect | action. It is the partial expanded front view and partial expanded side view of the division layer. It is explanatory drawing which combined the front view which shows the further another example of the division layer using the diagonal material in the same-surface material and brace combined bearing wall, and the figure which shows the effect | action. It is a fragmentary perspective view which shows the relationship between the diagonal material of the division layer, and a device. It is the partial expanded front view and partial expanded side view of the division layer. FIG. 17 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 16, an XVIIB-XVIB arrow view, and an XVIIC-XVIC arrow view. It is explanatory drawing which combined the front view which shows the further another example of the division layer using the diagonal material in the same-surface material and brace combined bearing wall, and the figure which shows the effect | action. It is the partial expanded front view and partial expanded side view of the division layer. It is explanatory drawing which combined the front view which shows the further another example of the division layer using the diagonal material in the same-surface material and brace combined bearing wall, and the figure which shows the effect | action. It is the partial expanded front view and partial expanded fracture side view of the division layer. It is a disassembled perspective view of the division layer. It is explanatory drawing which combined the front view which shows the further another example of the division layer using the diagonal material in the same-surface material and brace combined bearing wall, and the figure which shows the effect | action. It is the partial expanded front view and partial expanded side view of the division layer. It is explanatory drawing which combined the front view which shows the further another example of the division layer using the diagonal material in the same-surface material and brace combined bearing wall, and the figure which shows the effect | action. It is the figure which modeled the load / deformation history before annealing of general steel materials, and after annealing, and indicated the effect by annealing. It is explanatory drawing of the division layer using the diagonal for showing the effect of annealing. It is explanatory drawing before and behind the horizontal force effect | action of a load bearing wall using the conventional brace. It is explanatory drawing of the deformation | transformation log | history of the same bearing wall. It is explanatory drawing before and behind the horizontal force effect | action of the load-bearing wall of the conventional compression brace structure. It is explanatory drawing of the deformation | transformation log | history of the same bearing wall. It is a front view of the bearing wall which used the face material for the conventional bearing element. It is a front view of the bearing wall concerning a proposal example. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the bearing wall which concerns on the example of a proposal.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, this bearing material / brace combined bearing wall 1 (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “bearing wall 1”) includes a rectangular frame 2 and a plurality of intermediate frames. The horizontal frame material 6 is divided into a plurality of partition layers a and b arranged in the vertical direction with the horizontal frame member 6 as a boundary. 8 is provided. The partition layer b provided with the diagonal material 8 is provided with deformation absorbing means 9 for absorbing deformation of the partition layer b. In the example of the figure, it is equally divided into four partition layers, the diagonal material 8 is provided in the upper and lower partition layers b, and the face material 7 is provided in the middle two partition layers a.

The frame 2 includes left and right vertical frame members 3 and 3, upper and lower horizontal frame members 4 and 5 joined between upper and lower ends of the left and right vertical frame members 3 and 3, and the left and right vertical frame members 3 and 3. And a horizontal frame member 6 serving as an intermediate beam joined between the frame members 3 and 3. Three horizontal frame members 6 are provided at equal intervals.
The bearing material / brace combined bearing wall 1 is configured as a wall panel such as an outer wall panel, but may be configured as a wall that is a part of a frame construction method building. Further, the vertical frame member 3 may be a member that becomes a pillar of a building, or may be a member that is provided separately from the pillar and provided along the pillar in a panel combined use frame construction method or the like. The pillar may be a pillar built in a wall.

  Shaped steel is used for the left and right vertical frame members 3 and 3, and square pipes (also called square steel pipes) are used in the illustrated example. The horizontal frame members 4 and 5 at the upper and lower ends are shaped steel having a narrower cross section than the vertical frame member 3, for example, square pipes are used as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, so that they are aligned with the indoor side surface of the vertical frame member 3. Be joined. In FIG. 1, the horizontal frame member 6 serving as an intermediate rail is formed of the same shape steel as the horizontal frame members 4 and 5 at the upper and lower ends, for example, a square pipe. In addition to this, as the horizontal frame member 6 serving as the intermediate rail, a steel shape obtained by joining two channel steels back to back as shown in the examples of FIGS. 3 and 5B may be used. The shape steel used in each embodiment of this specification is a lightweight shape steel. The vertical frame member 3 and the horizontal frame members 4, 5, 6 are joined, for example, by joining the end surfaces of the horizontal frame members 4, 5, 6 to the end surface of the vertical frame member 3.

  A corrugated plate made of a corrugated steel plate is used as the face material 7 serving as the load bearing element. The corrugated sheet material 7 is a corrugated steel plate in which crests 7a and troughs 7b (FIGS. 2 and 3) extending in one direction are alternately arranged. Here, the wavy ridge line direction extends in the vertical direction. That is, it is stretched on the partition layer a so that the direction in which the wave crests 7a and troughs 7b extend is the vertical direction. In this example, the face plate 7 made of corrugated plates uses a deck plate, and has a rectangular or trapezoidal cross section in which the top of the crest 7a serving as a wavy mountain and the bottom of the trough 7b serving as a wave trough are flat portions. As shown in FIG. 3, the upper and lower ends of the face material 7 made of corrugated plates are fixed at their troughs 7b to the horizontal frame members 4, 5 and 6 by fixing tools such as screws or welding. . In addition, the face material 7 made of the corrugated plate of each partition layer a may be individually manufactured, or may be one in which one corrugated plate is cut.

When the face material 7 serving as the load bearing element is a corrugated sheet, when an in-plane shear force is applied, the ridges of the corrugation are distorted in a direction intersecting the ridge line direction. Stable energy absorption without slip property. Therefore, a history closer to the spindle type is shown.
In addition to the corrugated sheet, a flat sheet material may be used as shown in FIG. In this case, for example, a skin panel or a load-bearing plywood may be used as the face material 7.

  In FIG. 1, the diagonal member 8 is made of a square pipe or other shape steel, and is provided on each partition layer b so as to incline in opposite directions to each other and to approach one end. In the example of FIG. 1, the two diagonal members 8 of the partition layer b at the upper end are joined to the upper lateral frame member 4 with the upper ends being close to each other, and the lower ends are being spread side ends. Then, it is joined to the vertical frame material 3 or the horizontal frame material 6 which becomes the middle rail. Further, the two diagonal members 8 of the partition layer b at the lower end are joined to the lower frame member 5 at the lower end and joined to the horizontal frame member 5 at the lower end, and are spread to the lateral ends of the vertical frame. It is joined to the horizontal frame material 6 which becomes the material 3 or the middle rail. In the example of FIG. 1, the diagonal member 8 is joined to each frame member via the member serving as the deformation absorbing means 9 or the joining member 10, but may be directly welded. In FIG. 1, the end portions of the two diagonal members 8 that are spread to each other are illustrated as being joined to the vertical frame member 3, but in the example illustrated in FIG. 7, they are joined to the vicinity of the end portion of the horizontal frame member 5. doing. The case of joining to the other horizontal frame members 4 and 6 is the same as the example of FIG. In the example of each figure after FIG. 7, an example is shown in which the end portions on the spreading side of the two diagonal members 8 are joined in the vicinity of the end portions of the horizontal frame members 4, 5, 6.

  FIG. 4 shows an enlarged horizontal cross section in the vicinity of an adjacent portion of the two bearing members and bracing bearing walls 1, 1 in a state of being configured as an outer wall panel provided with an exterior material or the like. An exterior surface material 43 is stretched on the outdoor side of the frame body 2 through a base material 41 made of plywood and an air layer 42, and this surface is placed on the surface of the frame body 2 where the surface material 7 made of the corrugated sheet is stretched. Both surfaces of the material 7 are filled with heat insulating materials 44 and 45 such as glass wool. An interior surface material 46 is stretched on the indoor side of the frame body 2. A column heat insulating surface material 47 made of glass wool board or the like is stretched on the outdoor side and the indoor side of the vertical frame material 3 adjacent to the two face materials / brace combined bearing walls 1 and 1.

FIG. 8 shows examples of the arrangement of the partition layer a provided with the face material 7 as the load bearing element, the partition layer b provided with the diagonal material 8, and the arrangement of the deformation absorbing means 9. In any case, the total number of the partition layers a and b is four, and the partition layer a provided with the face material 7 and the partition layer b provided with the diagonal material 8 are provided in two places. FIG. 8A is an example of the embodiment of FIG.
In the example of FIG. 8 (B), the partition layer b provided with the diagonal material 8 has two locations on the center side, and in these partition layers a, the two diagonal materials 8 both have the upper end side at the intersection side, The deformation absorbing means 9 is disposed in the vicinity.
8C, as in the example of FIG. 8B, the partition layer b provided with the diagonal material 8 is set at two locations on the central side. However, in the two partition layers b on the central side, the diagonal material is used. The diagonal directions 8 are opposite to each other, and the diagonal member 8 of the upper partition layer b and the diagonal member 8 of the lower partition layer are arranged in a straight line so as to form an X shape. The deformation absorbing means 9 is arranged at the intersection of the four diagonal members 8. In this case, the deformation absorbing means 9 may be provided separately for each partition layer b, or may be configured to absorb the deformation of the two partition layers b.

In the example of FIG. 8D, the partition layers b provided with the diagonal members 8 are arranged at the upper and lower ends, and the diagonal members 8 in the partition layer b are one by one extending in the diagonal direction. Further, the deformation absorbing means 9 is disposed at the center in the longitudinal direction of the diagonal member 8.
In the example of FIG. 8 (E), the diagonal member 8 is one that extends in the diagonal direction, and the deformation absorbing means 9 is provided at the center, as in the example of FIG. 8 (D), but the diagonal member 8 is provided. The partition layer b is set at two locations on the center side of the bearing material / brace combined bearing wall 1.
In addition, the deformation | transformation absorption means 9 provided in the middle of the diagonal material 8 is made into the location which formed the part of the longitudinal direction of the diagonal material 8 thinly, or gave the deformation | transformation absorption function by heat-processing, for example.

  In the example of FIG. 8, the total of the partition layers a and b is four, but the total of the partition layers a and b may be three or five, for example. Further, the number of partition layers a provided with the face material 7 as a load bearing element and the number of partition layers b provided with the diagonal material 8 may be different from each other. For example, the number of all the partition layers may be four, the partition layer b provided with the diagonal material 8 may be one place, and the remaining three may be partition layers a having the face material 7.

  However, when it is applied to a general low-rise building and two diagonal members 8 are provided on the partition layer b in a reverse inclination, the total of the partition layers a and b is preferably four or less. This is because the inclination angle of the diagonal member 8 with respect to the horizontal plane is set to 60 ° or more in order to effectively bear the stress at the fillet weld of the joint. For example, when the height of the bearing material / brace bearing wall 1 is the height of the first floor of the building (for example, about 2700 mm) and the width is 1 module (800 to 1000 mm), the partition layers a and b If the total number is 5 or more, the inclination angle of the diagonal member 8 is 60 ° or less.

According to the bearing material / brace combined bearing wall 1 of the configuration of each of these embodiments, the partitioning layer is divided into a plurality of partition layers a and b arranged in the vertical direction, and the bearing element of some partitioning layers a is the surface material 7, so that partitioning layer In a, it becomes a structure which shows the history near a spindle type, and was excellent in energy absorption performance. Since the load bearing element in the other part of the partition layer b is the diagonal member 8, the partition layer b is not provided with an opening for facilities or lighting (not shown) without lowering the yield strength or disadvantages in construction. ) Can be provided. The partition layer b using the diagonal material 8 is more rigid than the partition layer a using the face material 7 as it is, but since the deformation absorbing means 9 for absorbing the deformation of the partition layer b is provided, the face material 7 can be easily adjusted to have the same rigidity as the partition layer a using 7. Therefore, while using the partition layer a using the face material 7 as the load bearing element and the partition layer b using the diagonal member 8, the waist frame-like properties of the vertical frame member 3 caused by using different types of load bearing elements are prevented. be able to. Since the deformation absorbing means 9 for absorbing deformation is used, the rigidity of the partition layer b can be adjusted by the deformation absorbing means 9, and the strength of each of the horizontal frame members 4 to 6 and the diagonal member 8 can be changed to design the partition layers a, Unlike the case of adjusting the rigidity of b, the rigidity can be easily adjusted without performing complicated structural calculations.
In this way, while showing a history close to that of a spindle type and excellent in energy absorption performance, the amount of steel used can be reduced, an opening can be provided without causing performance degradation and construction disadvantages, and different types of It is possible to easily prevent the waist frame of the vertical frame member 3 caused by using the strength element.

  Next, the deformation absorbing means 9 will be specifically described. The deformation absorbing means 9 may be a device that is provided exclusively for deformation absorption and that deforms itself. Further, depending on the material of the horizontal frame materials 4 to 6 and the diagonal material 8 and the relationship of the joining positions, these horizontal frame materials may be used. The whole or a part of 4 to 6 or the diagonal member 8 may have a deformation absorbing function.

  FIGS. 9A to 9G show examples of partition layers b having different configurations of the deformation absorbing means 9. In the figure, a portion surrounded by a broken-line circle indicates a portion where the deformation absorbing means 9 is arranged. Each example in the figure includes two diagonal members 8 whose inclination directions are opposite to each other and whose upper ends are close to each other, and deformation absorbing means is provided near the approaching side ends of these two diagonal members 8. 9 is an example. (A) to (C), (F) respectively show examples in which the deformation absorbing means 9 is a device that is provided exclusively for deformation absorption and deforms itself, and (D), (E), (G) shows each example in which the cross frame member 4 (5, 6) has a deformation absorbing function at the intersection of two diagonal members 8. In addition, although the case where the said horizontal frame material is the horizontal frame material 4 of an upper end is demonstrated, in the case of the horizontal frame material 5 of a lower end, and the case of the horizontal frame material 6 used as an intermediate | middle cross, Same as the case. Hereinafter, each example of FIG.

  In the examples of FIGS. 9A to 9C, as shown in FIGS. 10 to 17, the deformation absorbing means 9 are devices 9A, 9B, and 9C, and the devices 9A, 9B, and 9C are partitioned. A plurality of vertical steel plates 12 provided between the horizontal frame member 4 (5, 6) of the layer b and the end of the diagonal member 8 and perpendicular to the horizontal frame member 4 (5, 6). Have Among them, the example of FIG. 9A is joined to the end portion of the diagonal member 8 and the lateral frame member 4 (5, 6) apart from each other as shown in an enlarged manner in FIGS. The horizontal steel plates 13 and 14 and the plurality of vertical steel vertical plates 12 joined between the upper and lower horizontal steel plates 13 and 14 and aligned with each other in the longitudinal direction of the horizontal frame member 4 (5, 6). The horizontal steel plates 13 and 14 and the vertical plate 12 are joined by welding. Three vertical vertical plates 12 are arranged at equal intervals. The two diagonal members 8 are formed of square pipes, and their upper end surfaces are joined to the lower surface of the lower horizontal steel plate 14 by welding. The upper surface of the upper horizontal steel plate 13 is joined to the lower surface of the horizontal frame member 4 (5, 6) by welding.

  In the case of this configuration, energy absorption is mainly performed by shear deformation of the vertical plate 12 in the device 9A, and is also performed by bending deformation of the lateral frame member 4 (5, 6) to which the device 9A is joined. The overall rigidity of the partition layer b is adjusted by the thickness, length h, and depth of the vertical plate 12 in the device 9A.

  In the examples of FIGS. 9B and 9C, as shown in FIG. 12, FIG. 13 or FIG. 14 to FIG. 17, respectively, the devices 9B and 9C serving as the deformation absorbing means 9 are The vertical plate 12 has a shape in which a pipe is cut into a ring, and a pair of opposing plate portions serving as the tube walls. In the example of FIGS. 9B, 12 and 13, a horizontal joining plate 16 made of a steel plate is welded to the lower surface of the ring-shaped device body 9Ba of the square pipe, and the lower surface of the joining plate 16 is inclined. The upper end surface of the material 8 is joined by welding.

  In the case of this configuration, energy absorption is mainly performed by shear deformation of the vertical plate 12 in the device 9B, and is also performed by bending deformation of the lateral frame member 4 (5, 6) to which the device 9B is joined. The overall rigidity of the partition layer b is adjusted by the plate thickness, the cross-sectional size, and the ring cut thickness of the square pipe in the device 9B.

  In the example of FIG. 9C and FIGS. 14 to 17, a vertical joining plate 17 made of a steel plate is arranged in a direction parallel to the vertical plate 12 in the center of the lower surface of the ring-shaped device body 9Ca of the square pipe. Welded. The pair of diagonal members 8 are cut so that the upper ends thereof are along the lower surface of the device main body 9Ca and the side surface of the vertical bonding plate 17, and the lower surface of the device main body 9Ca and the side surface of the bonding plate 17 are cut. Joined by welding.

  Also in this configuration, energy absorption is mainly performed by shear deformation of the vertical plate 12 in the device 9C, and is also performed by bending deformation of the lateral frame member 4 (5, 6) to which the device 9C is joined. The overall rigidity adjustment of the partition layer b is performed by the plate thickness, cross-sectional size, and ring thickness of the square pipe in the device 9C. In the case of this configuration, since a member having a shape obtained by rounding a square pipe is used for the device 9C, the device 9C can be easily manufactured.

9A, FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, examples of FIG. 9B, FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, or FIG. 9C and examples of FIGS. By providing the devices 9A, 9B, and 9C that perform energy absorption, the following advantages can be obtained.
-Stiffness adjustment for every division layer b of the bearing wall 1 can be performed easily.
-Absorbs horizontal force energy.
-By making the rigidity of the partition layer a by the face material 7 made of corrugated steel plate or the like in the bearing wall 1 and the partition layer b of the diagonal member 8 the same, a partial decrease in rigidity can be prevented.
The vertical frame member 3 at both ends of the load bearing wall 1 does not have a folding property, and it is possible to prevent a bending moment from being transmitted to the vertical frame member 3 at both ends of the load bearing wall 1.

In the examples of FIGS. 9A to 9C, when the partition layer b provided with the diagonal material is disposed in the uppermost layer or the lowermost layer of the load bearing wall 1, the upper end of the load bearing wall 1 to which the diagonal material is joined. Alternatively, a gap d larger than the dimension by which the horizontal frame members 4 and 5 are deformed is formed between the horizontal frame members 4 and 5 located at the lower end and the beam 30 (FIG. 10) of the building frame in which the bearing wall 1 is installed. It is necessary to provide it.
If the horizontal frame members 4 and 5 are deformed and interfere with the beams 30 of the building frame, the deformation of the horizontal frame members 4 and 5 is hindered, resulting in increased rigidity. By providing a gap larger than the dimension that deforms, deformation is prevented from being hindered, and appropriate rigidity of the partition layer 4b is maintained.
In each example of FIGS. 9D to 9G, the gap d is provided in the same manner as described above.

  9 (D) and 9 (E), the deformation absorbing means 9 joins the intersection C of the axes of the two diagonal members 8 and the end of the diagonal member 8 on the approaching side. The horizontal frame member 4 (5, 6) is vertically offset. Among these, in the example of FIG. 9D, as shown in enlarged views in FIG. 18 and FIG. 19, the end portions of the two diagonal members 8 that are close to each other are connected to the horizontal frame member 4 (5, 6). In contrast, the lateral frame members 4 (5, 6) are joined at positions E apart from each other in the longitudinal direction. In this example, the two diagonal members 8 have their upper end surfaces joined to the lower surfaces of the horizontal frame members 4 (5, 6) by welding.

  In the case of this configuration, energy is absorbed by the eccentric bending deformation of the entire horizontal frame member 4 (5, 6) due to the axial force (compression force, tensile force) of the diagonal member 8 with respect to the horizontal force. Stiffness adjustment is performed by the eccentric distance B (here, the eccentric distance B is the distance between the positions E and E of the joint points of the two diagonal members 8 and 8 with respect to the horizontal frame member 4 (5, 6)), and the horizontal frame. This is done by changing the cross section of the material 4 (5, 6).

  In the example of FIG. 9 (E), as shown in an enlarged view in FIGS. 20 to 22, the approaching end portions of the two diagonal members 8 are joined to the horizontal frame member 4 (5, 6). The joint plate 19 is joined to the horizontal frame member 4 (5, 6) at a position away from the horizontal frame member 4 (5, 6) in the vertical direction and at an intersection C with each other. Specifically, a connecting plate 19 that is vertically penetrated at the center position of the front and rear thickness of the horizontal frame member 4 (5, 6) is joined by welding or the like, and one bolt hole 20 provided in the connecting plate 19 is provided. At the position, the upper ends of the two diagonal members 8 are overlapped on both the front and back surfaces of the joining plate 19 and cross over the bolt holes 22 provided in the two oblique members 8 and the bolt holes 20 of the joining plate 19. The two diagonal members 8 and the coupling plate 19 are joined together by bolts and nuts (both not shown) that are inserted through.

  As shown in FIG. 22, each diagonal member 8 has a configuration in which two elongated steel members 8 a and 8 b such as lip groove steels are welded back to back, and one linear steel member 8 b is attached in the vicinity of the joining plate 19. It is excised and the vicinity of the tip is cut out. Thus, the two diagonal members 8 can be joined to the front and back of the single coupling plate 19 while the positions of the two diagonal members 8 in the wall entrance / exit direction are the same. Further, a plate 23 with a bolt hole 22 across the opposite lips is joined to the tip of the non-cut-out linear steel material 8a made of lip channel steel, and the bolt head and the nut back surface of the bolt and nut are brought into contact with each other. I am letting. A reinforcing plate 24 is joined to the end of the other long steel material 8b. Further, the other end of the diagonal member 8 is joined to the horizontal frame member 6 (4, 5) via the coupling plate 25.

  In the case of this configuration, as in the examples of FIGS. 18 and 19, the entire eccentric bending deformation of the horizontal frame member 4 (5, 6) due to the axial force (compression force, tensile force) of the diagonal member 8 with respect to the horizontal force. To absorb energy. Rigidity adjustment is performed by changing the plate width of the coupling plate 19, the bolt coupling position between the coupling plate 19 and the diagonal member 8, and / or the cross section of the lateral frame member 4 (5, 6).

Even when the deformation absorbing means 9 is configured by the eccentricity shown in FIGS. 9D and 9E, the following advantages can be obtained.
-Stiffness adjustment for every division layer a of the bearing wall 1 can be performed easily.
-Absorbs horizontal force energy.
-By making the rigidity of the partition layer a by the face material 7 made of corrugated steel plate or the like in the bearing wall 1 and the partition layer b of the diagonal member 8 the same, a partial decrease in rigidity can be prevented.
The vertical frame member 3 at both ends of the load bearing wall 1 does not have a folding property, and it is possible to prevent a bending moment from being transmitted to the vertical frame member 3 at both ends of the load bearing wall 1.

  In the example of FIG. 9 (F), as shown in an enlarged view in FIGS. 23 and 24, the device 9D serving as the deformation absorbing means 9 joins the end portions of the two diagonal members 8 and 8 close to each other. The joining member 27 is constituted by a bundle member 26 that joins the lateral frame member 4 (5, 6). Specifically, the device 9D includes a bundle member 26 and a joining member 27 welded to the lower surface of the bundle member 26, and the bundle member 26 has a configuration in which square pipes are arranged vertically. The joining member 27 is configured by horizontally arranging square pipes similar to the bundle material 26. The two diagonal members 8, 8 are joined to the joining member 27 by welding with their upper end faces butted against the lower surface of the joining member 27.

  In the case of this configuration, energy absorption is mainly performed by bending deformation due to the bending moment M1 of the bundle member 26 of the device 9D with respect to the horizontal force, and by bending deformation due to the bending moment M2 of the lateral frame member 4 (5, 6). Is also done. The total bending rigidity of the partition layer b provided with the diagonal member 8 is performed by changing the length and cross section of the bundle member 26 of the device 9D and / or changing the cross section of the lateral frame member 4 (5, 6).

As described above, the following advantages can be obtained even when the device 9D for absorbing energy as in the examples of FIGS. 9F, 23, and 24 is provided.
-Stiffness adjustment for every division layer b of the bearing wall 1 can be performed easily.
-Absorbs horizontal force energy.
-By making the rigidity of the partition layer a by the face material 7 made of corrugated steel plate or the like in the bearing wall 1 and the partition layer b of the diagonal member 8 the same, a partial decrease in rigidity can be prevented.
The vertical frame member 3 at both ends of the load bearing wall 1 does not have a folding property, and it is possible to prevent a bending moment from being transmitted to the vertical frame member 3 at both ends of the load bearing wall 1.

Also in this example, when the partition layer b provided with the diagonal member 8 is arranged in the uppermost layer or the lowermost layer of the load bearing wall 1, it is located at the upper end or the lower end of the load bearing wall 1 to which the devices 9A to 9C are joined. It is necessary to provide a gap d between the horizontal frame members 4 and 5 and the beam 30 (FIG. 23) of the building frame on which the load-bearing wall 1 is installed. is there.
If the horizontal frame members 4 and 5 are deformed and interfere with the beams 30 of the building frame, the deformation of the horizontal frame members 4 and 5 is hindered, resulting in increased rigidity. By providing a gap larger than the dimension that deforms, deformation is prevented from being hindered, and appropriate rigidity of the partition layer 4b is maintained.

FIG. 9G shows an example in which the deformation absorbing means 9 is formed by using an annealing material for the lateral frame material 4 (5, 6) that joins the end portions of the two diagonal members 8 that are close to each other. Show. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 25, a square pipe annealed to the horizontal frame member 4 (5, 6) is used. Similarly to the example of FIG. 9D, the end portions of the two diagonal members 8 that are close to each other are connected to the horizontal frame member 4 (5, 6). ) At positions E separated from each other in the longitudinal direction. The two diagonal members 8 have upper end surfaces joined to the lower surfaces of the horizontal frame members 4 (5, 6) by welding.
Note that annealing is a process of slow cooling after heating, and is one of heat treatment methods performed for promoting diffusion of components, removing internal stress, and the like.

  In this example, the amount of energy absorption is increased by using an annealing material for the horizontal frame material 4 (5, 6). Energy is absorbed by the eccentric bending of the entire horizontal frame member 4 (5, 6) by the axial force of the diagonal member 8. As for the rigidity adjustment of the partition layer b, the rigidity adjustment is the eccentric distance B (the eccentric distance B here is the horizontal frame material 4 of the two diagonal members 8 and 8 ( 5) and 6) by changing the cross-section of the lateral frame member 4 (5, 6).

  FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating the effects of annealing by modeling the load / deformation history of a general steel material before annealing (commercial product) and after annealing. By reducing the yield strength for primary design and improving the toughness of the steel as shown in the figure by annealing, it is possible to suppress an increase in the cross-section of the peripheral member while increasing the amount of energy absorption. As shown in the figure, the yield point decreases, but the toughness improves, so the amount of energy absorption (area surrounded by the curve in the graph) increases.

Annealing is a process of quenching and annealing and has the following characteristics.
・ Lightweight steel with a relatively thin plate thickness is not a primary product that has been rolled as a steel product, but is produced by cold rolling.
・ This is because lightweight sections processed by cold forming have high demands on dimensional accuracy.
-In this cold rolling process, strain hardening has occurred due to internal stress, etc., so that it is hard (strong in strength) and inferior in stickiness. In general, standard values (JIS standards, etc.) are determined only by lower limit values such as the yield point. Therefore, many cold steel materials in the market have strengths such as the yield point exceeding the standard value.
・ Annealing is a heat treatment that hardens the steel by applying a certain amount of heat to the steel, then gradually cools it, and refining the crystals that make up the steel to relieve internal stress and improve its stickiness. It is processing.
・ The mechanical properties before annealing are significantly higher than the standard values (yield point, breaking strength).
・ On the other hand, by performing annealing at a predetermined temperature, the yield point approaches the standard value and the stickiness is improved.

In the case of this embodiment, the following advantages are obtained.
-Stiffness adjustment for every division layer b of the bearing wall 1 can be performed easily.
-Absorbs horizontal force energy.
-By making the rigidity of the partition layer a by the face material 7 made of corrugated steel plate or the like in the bearing wall 1 and the partition layer b of the diagonal member 8 the same, a partial decrease in rigidity can be prevented.
The vertical frame member 3 at both ends of the load bearing wall 1 does not have a folding property, and it is possible to prevent a bending moment from being transmitted to the vertical frame member 3 at both ends of the load bearing wall 1.
-Further energy absorption can be expected by using annealed materials.

  In addition, when providing each said device 9A-9D, you may anneal these devices 9A-9D, and annealing other than annealing, such as annealing of the horizontal frame material 4 (5, 6) and installation of the said devices 9A-9D The deformation absorbing means 9 may be used in combination.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Face-bearing and brace combined bearing wall 2 ... Frame 3 ... Vertical frame material 4, 5 ... Horizontal frame material 6 ... Horizontal frame material (middle rail)
7 ... Face material (proof element)
7a ... Mountain 7b ... Valley 8 ... Diagonal (strength element)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 9 ... Deformation absorption means 9A-9D ... Device 9Ba, 9Ca ... Device main body 10 ... Joining member 12 ... Vertical plate 13, 14 ... Horizontal steel plate 16 ... Joining plate 17 ... Joining plate 19 ... Joint plate 20, 22 ... Bolt hole 30 ... Beams a, b ... Partition layer d ... Clearance C ... Intersection

Claims (8)

Left and right vertical frame materials, upper and lower horizontal frame materials joined between the upper and lower ends of the left and right vertical frame materials, and a horizontal frame material serving as a middle rail joined between the left and right vertical frame materials Comprising a plurality of partition layers arranged vertically with the horizontal frame material serving as the middle rail as a boundary, and a load bearing wall provided with a load bearing element in each partition layer,
The strength element provided in a part of the partition layer is a surface material covering the partition layer, the strength element provided in the other part of the partition layer is a diagonal material, and the partition provided with the diagonal material A bearing material / brace combined bearing wall characterized in that the layer is provided with a deformation absorbing means for absorbing deformation of the partition layer.   2. The bearing material / brace combined use bearing wall according to claim 1, wherein the deformation absorbing means is an intersection of the diagonal members provided in two partition layers having the deformation absorbing means and having mutually opposite inclination directions, or the partition. A bearing wall with braces and braces located in the middle of the diagonal material provided in the layer.   The face material / brace combined use bearing wall according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the face material is a corrugated steel plate.   The face material / brace combined use bearing wall according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein there are four partition layers, a partition layer using the face material, and a partition using the diagonal material. Bearing wall with brace and brace with at least one layer each.   The face material / brace combined bearing wall according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the diagonal material in at least one partition layer using the diagonal material is inclined in opposite directions and has one end thereof. The deformation absorbing means offsets the intersection of the axis of the two diagonal members up and down with respect to the horizontal frame member joining the end portions on the approaching side of the diagonal members. Bearing wall with brace and brace, which is the structure.   6. The bearing material / brace combined use bearing wall according to claim 5, wherein the approaching end portions of the two diagonal members are joined to the horizontal frame material at positions separated from each other in the longitudinal direction of the horizontal frame material. Then, the bearing material wall combined with the face material and the brace, in which the horizontal frame material itself, which joins the end portions on the approaching side of the two diagonal materials, serves as the deformation absorbing means.   The face material / brace combined bearing wall according to claim 5, wherein the approaching end portions of the two diagonal members are connected to the coupling plate joined to the horizontal frame material in the vertical direction from the horizontal frame material. Bearing walls with braces and braces joined at separate points and at the intersections of each other.   The face material / brace combined use bearing wall according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the deformation absorbing means is a device that is provided exclusively for deformation absorption and deforms itself. wall.

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