JP2015113019A - Interior material for vehicle - Google Patents

Interior material for vehicle Download PDF

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JP2015113019A
JP2015113019A JP2013257049A JP2013257049A JP2015113019A JP 2015113019 A JP2015113019 A JP 2015113019A JP 2013257049 A JP2013257049 A JP 2013257049A JP 2013257049 A JP2013257049 A JP 2013257049A JP 2015113019 A JP2015113019 A JP 2015113019A
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absorbing material
sound absorbing
cut
trim
sound
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JP6059650B2 (en
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立木　智博
Tomohiro Tachiki
智博 立木
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Kasai Kogyo Co Ltd
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Kasai Kogyo Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/JP2013/007405 priority patent/WO2014097617A1/en
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an interior material for a vehicle which can increase acoustic absorption performance without an increase in a thickness of an acoustic absorbing material or the like.SOLUTION: A plurality of slits 12 that section cut and raised regions at required intervals in an acoustic absorbing material 11 are provided to form cut and raised pieces 13 from the respective slits, and a surface of the acoustic absorbing material 11 is formed into an uneven shape by a plurality of the cut and raised pieces 13. Consequently, a surface area for absorbing sounds of the acoustic absorbing material 11 is increased, and a rear air space S is formed between a trim material 10 and the acoustic absorbing material 11. As a result, acoustic absorption performance of the acoustic absorbing material 11 is increased, and an acoustic absorption effect by the rear air space S is obtained.

Description

本発明は、自動車のドアトリムやルーフトリム等に代表される車両用内装材に関する。   The present invention relates to a vehicle interior material represented by an automobile door trim, a roof trim, and the like.

自動車の車室側のパネル面を被覆して配設される車両用内装材の中には、例えば、特許文献１に示されているように、型成形された合成樹脂製のトリム材の裏面に吸音材を配設して、車外の騒音をその吸音材で吸収して車室内への透過音を小さく抑制するようにしたものが知られている。   In the interior material for a vehicle disposed so as to cover the panel surface on the vehicle interior side of the automobile, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1, the back surface of a trim material made of synthetic resin that is molded It is known that a sound absorbing material is disposed in the vehicle so that noise outside the vehicle is absorbed by the sound absorbing material so that transmitted sound into the vehicle compartment is suppressed to a low level.

特開２００３−８１０２１号公報JP 2003-81021 A

車両用内装材の吸音性能を高めるためには、吸音材の厚みや敷設面積を増大するか、吸音性能に優れた材料を選択する必要があって、コスト的に不利となってしまうことは否めない。   In order to improve the sound absorption performance of interior materials for vehicles, it is necessary to increase the thickness and laying area of the sound absorption material, or to select a material with excellent sound absorption performance, which is disadvantageous in terms of cost. Absent.

そこで、本発明は吸音材の厚みの増大化や高価な吸音材料の使用を伴うことなく吸音性能を高めることができる車両用内装材を提供するものである。   Therefore, the present invention provides an interior material for a vehicle that can improve the sound absorption performance without increasing the thickness of the sound absorbing material and using an expensive sound absorbing material.

本発明の車両用内装材は、トリム材の裏面に多孔質材料からなる吸音材を配設してあって、この吸音材は、所要の間隔をおいて切り起こし領域を区画する複数のスリットを設けて各スリットのそれぞれから切り起こし片を形成し、これら複数の切り起こし片により表面を凹凸形状に形成したことを主要な特徴としている。   In the vehicle interior material of the present invention, a sound absorbing material made of a porous material is disposed on the back surface of the trim material, and the sound absorbing material has a plurality of slits that are cut and raised at predetermined intervals. The main feature is that a cut and raised piece is formed from each of the slits, and the surface is formed into an uneven shape by the plurality of cut and raised pieces.

本発明によれば、複数の切り起こし片により吸音材の表面を凹凸形状とすることによって該吸音材の表面積が増大することに加えて、この切り起こし片によってトリム材と吸音材との間に遮音層となる背後空気層を形成することができる。   According to the present invention, in addition to increasing the surface area of the sound absorbing material by making the surface of the sound absorbing material uneven by a plurality of cut and raised pieces, the cut and raised pieces provide a space between the trim material and the sound absorbing material. A back air layer serving as a sound insulation layer can be formed.

これにより、吸音材の厚みの増大化や高価な吸音材料の使用を伴うことなく吸音性能を高めることができる。   As a result, the sound absorbing performance can be enhanced without increasing the thickness of the sound absorbing material or using an expensive sound absorbing material.

本発明の実施形態に係るバックドアトリムを裏面側から見た説明図。Explanatory drawing which looked at the back door trim which concerns on embodiment of this invention from the back surface side. 図１のＡ−Ａ線に沿う断面図。Sectional drawing in alignment with the AA of FIG. 図１のＢ−Ｂ線に沿う拡大断面図。The expanded sectional view which follows the BB line of FIG. 吸音材のバックドアトリムへの組付手順を（Ａ）、（Ｂ）にて示す説明図。Explanatory drawing which shows the assembly | attachment procedure to the back door trim of a sound-absorbing material in (A) and (B). 吸音材の異なる組付例を示す説明図。Explanatory drawing which shows the example of an assembly from which a sound-absorbing material differs. 第１実施形態の吸音材と、その比較例と、それらの吸音性能を（Ａ）、（Ｂ）、（Ｃ）にて示す説明図。Explanatory drawing which shows the sound-absorbing material of 1st Embodiment, its comparative example, and those sound-absorbing performance in (A), (B), (C). スリットの形成例を（Ａ）、（Ｂ）、（Ｃ）にて示す説明図。Explanatory drawing which shows the example of formation of a slit by (A), (B), (C).

以下、本発明の実施形態をトリム材として自動車のバックドアトリムを例に採って図面と共に詳述する。   Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings by taking a back door trim of an automobile as an example of a trim material.

図１に示す実施形態のバックドアトリム１０は、図２に例示したバックドアの略下半部を構成するドア本体１に配設される。   The back door trim 10 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is disposed on the door body 1 that constitutes the substantially lower half of the back door illustrated in FIG.

図２では便宜的にドア本体１のみを示しているが、このドア本体１の上縁部（ドアウエスト部）の車幅方向両側にドアフレームが立設され、該ドアフレームにウィンドウパネルを固着してバックドアの略上半部が構成される（ドアフレーム、ウィンドウパネルは何れも図示省略）。   Although only the door body 1 is shown in FIG. 2 for convenience, door frames are erected on both sides of the upper edge portion (door waist portion) of the door body 1 in the vehicle width direction, and a window panel is fixed to the door frame. Thus, the substantially upper half of the back door is configured (both door frame and window panel are not shown).

このドア本体１は、ドアアウタパネル２とドアインナパネル３とで閉断面に形成してあって、バックドアトリム１０はドアインナパネル３の前面を覆ってその周縁部の複数ヶ所で例えばクリップにより止着固定される。   The door body 1 is formed by a door outer panel 2 and a door inner panel 3 in a closed cross section, and a back door trim 10 covers the front surface of the door inner panel 3 and is fastened by clips, for example, at a plurality of positions on the peripheral edge thereof. Fixed.

バックドアトリム１０は、適宜の合成樹脂材をもって射出成形等により型成形され、その裏面には吸音材１１を配設してある。   The back door trim 10 is molded by injection molding or the like with an appropriate synthetic resin material, and a sound absorbing material 11 is disposed on the back surface thereof.

吸音材１１は、フェルト，グラスウール，樹脂繊維の集合体、あるいはポリウレタンのような連続気泡を持つ発泡体といった多孔質材料が選択的に用いられる。   As the sound absorbing material 11, a porous material such as felt, glass wool, an aggregate of resin fibers, or a foam having open cells such as polyurethane is selectively used.

このような多孔質材料は、一般に、面密度が１００ｇ/ｍ２〜１２００ｇ/ｍ２、厚さが５ｍｍ〜３０ｍｍのものを使用することで、優れた吸音性能が得られることが知られている。 It is known that such a porous material generally provides excellent sound absorption performance by using a material having an areal density of 100 g / m 2 to 1200 g / m 2 and a thickness of 5 mm to 30 mm. .

また、吸音材１１として、上述の多孔質材料を単体として用いる他、多孔質材料の表面に、例えば、面密度１５〜３００ｇ/ｍ２の低通気性不織布や、面密度３０〜１００ｇ/ｍ２のポリエチレンフィルム、といった表面保護材を設けた多層構造のものを用いることができる。 Further, as the sound absorbing material 11, except for using the above-described porous material as a single, on the surface of the porous material, for example, of or low air nonwoven fabric areal density 15~300g / m 2, the surface density of 30 to 100 g / m 2 A multilayer structure having a surface protective material such as polyethylene film can be used.

本実施形態では、上述の吸音材１１としてバックドアトリム１０の裏面に配設可能な矩形状に裁断したフェルトを用いている。   In the present embodiment, a felt cut into a rectangular shape that can be disposed on the back surface of the back door trim 10 is used as the sound absorbing material 11 described above.

この吸音材１１には、その長さ方向（車幅方向）に所要の間隔をおいて切り起こし領域を区画する複数のスリット１２を設けて各スリット１２から切り起こし片１３を形成し、これら複数の切り起こし片１３により吸音材１１の表面を凹凸形状に形成してある（図３、図４参照）。   The sound absorbing material 11 is provided with a plurality of slits 12 for cutting and raising and dividing a region at predetermined intervals in the length direction (vehicle width direction), and cut and raised pieces 13 are formed from the slits 12. The surface of the sound absorbing material 11 is formed in an uneven shape by the cut and raised pieces 13 (see FIGS. 3 and 4).

本実施形態ではスリット１２を、図４（Ａ）、図７（Ａ）に示すように吸音材１１の幅方向両側縁に沿う一対の横長の短辺とそれらの一端を繋ぐ縦長の長辺とで鉤形に形成して、この鉤形の向きを一方向に揃えて複数を隣接して形成してある。   In this embodiment, the slit 12 is formed of a pair of horizontally long short sides along both side edges in the width direction of the sound absorbing material 11 as shown in FIG. 4A and FIG. In the shape of a bowl, a plurality of the bowls are formed adjacent to each other with the direction of the bowl aligned in one direction.

切り起こし片１３の切り起こしに有効なスリット１２の丈（形成幅）Ｌは、吸音材１１の厚みｔに対して０．５倍〜５．０倍（例えば、吸音材厚みｔ＝１０ｍｍの場合、スリット丈Ｌ＝５ｍｍ〜５０ｍｍ）が好ましい。また、切り起こし片１３の起立角度θは、０°〜９０°好ましくは３０°〜９０°としている。   The length (formation width) L of the slit 12 effective for cutting and raising the cut and raised piece 13 is 0.5 to 5.0 times the thickness t of the sound absorbing material 11 (for example, when the sound absorbing material thickness t = 10 mm). Slit length L = 5 mm to 50 mm) is preferable. The rising angle θ of the cut and raised piece 13 is 0 ° to 90 °, preferably 30 ° to 90 °.

切り起こし片１３は、ドア本体１側に向けて突出して縦長に設けられるが、自体には起立状態の形状保持性がないため、例えば、図４に示すバックドアトリム１０に設けた複数のリブ突起１４等の支持部材で背面を支えて起立状態を保持するようにしている。   The cut-and-raised piece 13 protrudes toward the door body 1 and is provided in a vertically long shape. However, since the cut-and-raised piece 13 does not have a shape retaining property in an upright state, for example, a plurality of rib protrusions provided on the back door trim 10 shown in FIG. The back surface is supported by a support member such as 14 so that the standing state is maintained.

リブ突起１４はバックドアトリム１０の裏面に、例えば、１つの切り起こし片１３に対してその長さ方向両側を支えるように各一対設けてあり、その支持縁は切り起こし片１３の起立角度θに対応する所要の角度に傾斜して形成してある。   A pair of rib protrusions 14 are provided on the back surface of the back door trim 10 so as to support, for example, both sides in the longitudinal direction of one cut-and-raised piece 13, and the support edges thereof are at the standing angle θ of the cut-and-raised piece 13. It is formed to be inclined at a corresponding required angle.

支持部材はリブ突起１４に限らず、柱状突起やエンボスなどバックドアトリム１０の型成形と同時に成形可能なものであればよい。   The support member is not limited to the rib protrusion 14 and may be any member that can be molded at the same time as the back door trim 10 such as a columnar protrusion or emboss.

スリット１２の形成は複数の切刃を設けた図外の刃型により容易に形成することができるが、この他、ＮＣカッターやウォータジェットなどの加工手段を採用することができ、その加工方法は特に限定されるものではない。   The slit 12 can be easily formed by an unillustrated blade type provided with a plurality of cutting blades. In addition, a processing means such as an NC cutter or a water jet can be employed. It is not particularly limited.

このようにして形成された吸音材１１は、バックドアトリム１０の裏面に張設されるが、その固定は、超音波溶着，ホットメルト，両面接着テープ，粘着剤等による接着，クリップやフック等による掛着固定、等を選択的に用いることができる。図１の符号Ｐはこの固定点を示している。   The sound absorbing material 11 formed in this way is stretched on the back surface of the back door trim 10 and is fixed by ultrasonic welding, hot melt, double-sided adhesive tape, adhesive, etc., clips, hooks, etc. It is possible to selectively use hooking and fixing. A symbol P in FIG. 1 indicates this fixed point.

この吸音材１１のバックドアトリム１０への組付けに際して、図４（Ａ）に示すように吸音材１１をバックドアトリム１０の裏面に重合すれば、リブ突起１４により切り起こし片１３が背面側から突き上げられて起立保持されるから、この状態で吸音材１１をバックドアトリム１０の裏面に固定する。   When the sound absorbing material 11 is assembled to the back door trim 10, as shown in FIG. 4A, if the sound absorbing material 11 is superposed on the back surface of the back door trim 10, the rib protrusion 14 cuts and raises the piece 13 from the back side. The sound absorbing material 11 is fixed to the back surface of the back door trim 10 in this state.

切り起こし片１３の起立保持は、この他、例えば図５に示すアルミ等の軽量金属製あるいは合成樹脂製のリテーナ１５を用いることによって行うこともできる。   In addition, the cut-and-raised piece 13 can be held upright by using a retainer 15 made of a lightweight metal such as aluminum or a synthetic resin as shown in FIG.

リテーナ１５は、吸音材１１の周縁部を押え可能な矩形のフレーム状に形成して、各切り起こし片１３の自由端を背面側から支える複数のアーム部１６を備える。   The retainer 15 includes a plurality of arm portions 16 which are formed in a rectangular frame shape capable of pressing the peripheral edge portion of the sound absorbing material 11 and support the free ends of the cut and raised pieces 13 from the back side.

リテーナ１５は、例えば図外のクリップ等により吸音材１１の周縁部を押え付けた状態でバックドアトリム１０に固定される。   The retainer 15 is fixed to the back door trim 10 in a state where the peripheral portion of the sound absorbing material 11 is pressed by, for example, a clip (not shown).

アーム部１６による切り起こし片１３の支持は、アーム部１６を切り起こし片１３に係着してリテーナ１５を吸音材１１に仮止めするか、あるいはリテーナ１５による吸音材１１のバックドアトリム１０への固定後に切り起こし片１３をアーム部１６上に引き起こして係着することによって行うことができる。   The arm portion 16 supports the cut-and-raised piece 13 by cutting and raising the arm portion 16 and engaging the retainer 15 with the sound-absorbing material 11 or by attaching the sound-absorbing material 11 to the back door trim 10 with the retainer 15. After fixing, it can be performed by raising and engaging the cut-and-raised piece 13 on the arm portion 16.

以上の構成からなる本実施形態によれば、複数の切り起こし片１３により吸音材１１の表面を凹凸形状とすることによって、該吸音材１１の音を吸収する表面積を増大することができる。これに加えて図３に示すように、この切り起こし片１３によってバックドアトリム１０と吸音材１１との間に背後空気層Ｓが形成され、中低域側の吸音性能を向上できる。   According to the present embodiment having the above configuration, the surface of the sound absorbing material 11 is made uneven by the plurality of cut and raised pieces 13, whereby the surface area of the sound absorbing material 11 that absorbs the sound can be increased. In addition to this, as shown in FIG. 3, a back air layer S is formed between the back door trim 10 and the sound-absorbing material 11 by the cut and raised pieces 13, and the sound absorbing performance on the middle and low band side can be improved.

この結果、吸音材１１の厚みを増したり、敷設面積を増大したり、あるいは高価な吸音素材を使用しなくても高い吸音性能が得られ、バックドアトリム１０の遮音効果を高めることができる。また、切り起こし片１３の形成により広がったスリット１２を通過してバックドアトリム１０の裏面で反射した騒音を吸音材１１の裏面側で吸収させることができるので、吸音性能をより一層高めることができる。   As a result, a high sound absorbing performance can be obtained without increasing the thickness of the sound absorbing material 11, increasing the laying area, or using an expensive sound absorbing material, and the sound insulation effect of the back door trim 10 can be enhanced. Moreover, since the noise that has passed through the slit 12 that has spread by the formation of the cut-and-raised piece 13 and is reflected by the back surface of the back door trim 10 can be absorbed by the back surface side of the sound absorbing material 11, the sound absorbing performance can be further enhanced. .

このように本実施形態では、切り起こし片１３により吸音材１１に部分的に角度を設けることによって、該吸音材１１の表裏面を吸音層として使用することが可能となり、従来の吸音材を凌駕する吸音効果および遮音効果を発揮させることができる。   As described above, in this embodiment, the sound absorbing material 11 is partially provided with the cut and raised pieces 13 so that the front and back surfaces of the sound absorbing material 11 can be used as the sound absorbing layer, surpassing the conventional sound absorbing material. Sound absorbing effect and sound insulating effect can be exhibited.

図６は、この実施形態の吸音材１１を用いたバックドアトリム１０と、切り起こし片の無いフェルト生地の吸音材１１Ａを用いた比較例のバックドアトリム１０との吸音性能を示すものである。   FIG. 6 shows the sound absorption performance of the back door trim 10 using the sound absorbing material 11 of this embodiment and the back door trim 10 of the comparative example using the felt cloth sound absorbing material 11A having no cut and raised pieces.

図６（Ｃ）は、吸音力が３１５Ｈｚ〜４０００Ｈｚ平均値での比較例の吸音材１１Ａと、本実施形態の吸音材１１の吸音力を示している。図６の実施例では吸音材１１は比較例の吸音材１１Ａと同一厚み，同一幅で、かつ該吸音材１１Ａよりも１６％長さを短く設定してあって、切り起こし片１３の起立角度θを０°、３０°、４５°、６０°、９０°とした場合の吸音力を示している。この図から、本実施形態の吸音材１１の切り起こし片１３の起立角度をθ＝０°とした場合には比較例の吸音材１１Ａよりも長さが短いため比較例よりも吸音力が低いが、該起立角度をθ＝３０°にすると比較例の吸音力とほぼ同程度に近づく。そして、起立角度θ＝４５°〜９０°では比較例よりも吸音力が向上していることが判る。   FIG. 6 (C) shows the sound absorbing force of the sound absorbing material 11A of the comparative example and the sound absorbing material 11 of the present embodiment when the sound absorbing force is an average value of 315 Hz to 4000 Hz. In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the sound absorbing material 11 has the same thickness and width as the sound absorbing material 11A of the comparative example, and is set to be 16% shorter than the sound absorbing material 11A. The sound absorbing power when θ is 0 °, 30 °, 45 °, 60 °, and 90 ° is shown. From this figure, when the standing angle of the cut and raised piece 13 of the sound absorbing material 11 of this embodiment is θ = 0 °, the length is shorter than the sound absorbing material 11A of the comparative example, and therefore the sound absorbing power is lower than that of the comparative example. However, when the standing angle is set to θ = 30 °, it approaches approximately the same as the sound absorption force of the comparative example. It can be seen that the sound absorption is improved over the comparative example at the standing angle θ = 45 ° to 90 °.

本実施形態ではバックドアトリム１０に設けられる吸音材１１の複数の切り起こし片１３を短冊形状に形成して表面積を増大させているが、この短冊形状を縦長とすることにより、切り起こし片１３の起立保持性の維持および塵埃の付着堆積回避を図っている。   In the present embodiment, the plurality of cut and raised pieces 13 of the sound absorbing material 11 provided in the back door trim 10 are formed in a strip shape to increase the surface area, but by making the strip shape vertically long, the cut and raised pieces 13 It is intended to maintain upright retention and to avoid dust accumulation.

前記実施形態では、吸音材１１は図７（Ａ）に示す鉤形のスリット１２の長辺を直線としたものを採用しているが、図７の変形例（Ｂ）に示すようにスリット１２の長辺を三角波線としたり、変形例（Ｃ）に示すようにスリット１２の長辺を矩形波線とすれば、切り起こし片１３の端部の音を吸収する表面積を増大できる。   In the above embodiment, the sound absorbing material 11 employs the long side of the bowl-shaped slit 12 shown in FIG. 7A as a straight line, but as shown in the modification (B) of FIG. If the long side of the slit 12 is a triangular wave line, or the long side of the slit 12 is a rectangular wave line as shown in the modification (C), the surface area for absorbing the sound at the end of the cut and raised piece 13 can be increased.

なお、本発明は前記実施形態の構造に限定されるものではなく、吸音材１１の両側面に切り起こし片１３を切り起こし配置することも可能である。また、切り起こし片１３は短冊形状に変えて、短片（舌片）形状にすることも可能である。
また、前記実施形態では吸音材１１をバックドアトリム１０に配設しているが、ドアインナパネル３に配設することも可能である。 In addition, this invention is not limited to the structure of the said embodiment, It is also possible to cut and raise the cut piece 13 on the both sides | surfaces of the sound-absorbing material 11, and to arrange | position. In addition, the cut and raised piece 13 can be changed to a strip shape and a short piece (tongue piece) shape.
In the above embodiment, the sound absorbing material 11 is disposed on the back door trim 10, but can be disposed on the door inner panel 3.

また、前記実施形態ではトリム材としてバックドアトリムを例示したが、この他、サイドドアトリムやリアサイドトリム、あるいはルーフトリムなどにも適用できることは勿論である。   Moreover, although the back door trim was illustrated as a trim material in the said embodiment, of course, it is applicable also to a side door trim, a rear side trim, or a roof trim.

１…ドア本体
２…ドアアウタパネル
３…ドアインナパネル
１０…バックドアトリム（トリム材）
１１…吸音材
１２…スリット
１３…切り起こし片
Ｓ…背後空気層

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Door main body 2 ... Door outer panel 3 ... Door inner panel 10 ... Back door trim (trim material)
11 ... Sound absorbing material 12 ... Slit 13 ... Cut-and-raised piece S ... Back air layer

Claims (3)

トリム材の裏側に多孔質材料からなる吸音材を配設した構造であって、
前記吸音材に、所要の間隔をおいて切り起こし領域を区画する複数のスリットを設けて各スリットからそれぞれ切り起こし片を形成し、これら複数の切り起こし片により表面を凹凸形状に形成したことを特徴とする車両用内装材。 A sound absorbing material made of a porous material is disposed on the back side of the trim material,
The sound absorbing material is provided with a plurality of slits that divide and raise the region at a required interval to form cut and raised pieces from the respective slits, and the surface is formed into an uneven shape by the plurality of cut and raised pieces. Characteristic interior material for vehicles. 前記トリム材が車体パネル面に並列して配設される室内トリムであって、前記切り起こし片を長方形の短冊形状に形成したことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の車両用内装材。   2. The vehicle interior material according to claim 1, wherein the trim material is an indoor trim arranged in parallel with a vehicle body panel surface, and the cut and raised pieces are formed in a rectangular strip shape. 前記吸音材を、前記トリム材に対向する車体パネルに配設したことを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の車両用内装材。

The vehicle interior material according to claim 1, wherein the sound absorbing material is disposed on a vehicle body panel facing the trim material.

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