JP6199178B2 - Interior materials for vehicles - Google Patents

Interior materials for vehicles Download PDF

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JP6199178B2
JP6199178B2 JP2013266964A JP2013266964A JP6199178B2 JP 6199178 B2 JP6199178 B2 JP 6199178B2 JP 2013266964 A JP2013266964 A JP 2013266964A JP 2013266964 A JP2013266964 A JP 2013266964A JP 6199178 B2 JP6199178 B2 JP 6199178B2
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sound absorbing
absorbing material
sound
trim
door
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JP2015120490A (en
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立木　智博
智博 立木
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Kasai Kogyo Co Ltd
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Kasai Kogyo Co Ltd
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本発明は、自動車のドアトリムやルーフトリム等に代表される車両用内装材に関する。   The present invention relates to a vehicle interior material represented by an automobile door trim, a roof trim, and the like.

自動車の車室側のパネル面を被覆して配設される車両用内装材の中には、例えば、特許文献１に示されているように、型成形された合成樹脂製のトリム材の裏面に吸音材を配設して、車外の騒音をその吸音材で吸収して車室内への透過音を小さく抑制するようにしたものが知られている。   In the interior material for a vehicle disposed so as to cover the panel surface on the vehicle interior side of the automobile, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1, the back surface of a trim material made of synthetic resin that is molded It is known that a sound absorbing material is disposed in the vehicle so that noise outside the vehicle is absorbed by the sound absorbing material so that transmitted sound into the vehicle compartment is suppressed to a low level.

特開２００３−８１０２１号公報JP 2003-81021 A

車両用内装材の吸音性能を高めるためには、吸音材の厚みや敷設面積を増大するか、吸音性能に優れた材料を選択する必要があって、コスト的に不利となってしまうことは否めない。   In order to improve the sound absorption performance of interior materials for vehicles, it is necessary to increase the thickness and laying area of the sound absorption material, or to select a material with excellent sound absorption performance, which is disadvantageous in terms of cost. Absent.

そこで、本発明は吸音材の厚みの増大化や高価な吸音材料の使用を伴うことなく吸音性能を高めることができる車両用内装材を提供するものである。   Therefore, the present invention provides an interior material for a vehicle that can improve the sound absorption performance without increasing the thickness of the sound absorbing material and using an expensive sound absorbing material.

本発明の車両用内装材は、トリム材の裏面に多孔質材料からなる吸音材を配設してあって、この吸音材は短冊状に形成して、その複数個が隣接配置されており、前記吸音材のそれぞれは、前記トリム材に保持された一方の長辺を中心に前記トリム材から起立するような所要の角度で傾斜して配置されていることを主要な特徴としている。 The vehicle interior material of the present invention, each other and disposed a sound-absorbing material made of a porous material on the back surface of the trim, the sound absorbing material is formed into a strip, the plurality are arranged adjacent, Each of the sound absorbing materials is mainly characterized in that the sound absorbing material is inclined at a required angle so as to stand up from the trim material around one long side held by the trim material .

本発明によれば、短冊状に形成した複数の吸音材を所要の角度で傾斜して隣接配置することにより、各短冊状の吸音材の表裏両面で吸音が可能となる。しかも、トリム材と吸音材との間に吸音層となる背後空気層を形成することができる。   According to the present invention, a plurality of sound absorbing materials formed in a strip shape are disposed adjacent to each other at a required angle, whereby sound absorption is possible on both the front and back surfaces of each strip-shaped sound absorbing material. In addition, a back air layer serving as a sound absorbing layer can be formed between the trim material and the sound absorbing material.

これにより、吸音材の厚みの増大化や高価な吸音材料の使用を伴うことなく吸音性能を高めることができる。   As a result, the sound absorbing performance can be enhanced without increasing the thickness of the sound absorbing material or using an expensive sound absorbing material.

本発明の実施形態に係るバックドアトリムを裏面側から見た説明図。Explanatory drawing which looked at the back door trim which concerns on embodiment of this invention from the back surface side. 図１のＡ−Ａ線に沿う断面図。Sectional drawing in alignment with the AA of FIG. 図１のＢ−Ｂ線に沿う拡大断面図。The expanded sectional view which follows the BB line of FIG. 吸音材のバックドアトリムへの組付手段を（Ａ）〜（Ｆ）にて示す説明図。Explanatory drawing which shows the assembly | attachment means to the back door trim of a sound-absorbing material in (A)-(F). 第１実施形態の吸音材と、その比較例と、それらの吸音性能を（Ａ）、（Ｂ）、（Ｃ）にて示す説明図。Explanatory drawing which shows the sound-absorbing material of 1st Embodiment, its comparative example, and those sound-absorbing performance in (A), (B), (C). 吸音材の変形例を（Ａ）、（Ｂ）にて示す説明図。Explanatory drawing which shows the modification of a sound-absorbing material in (A) and (B).

以下、本発明の実施形態をトリム材として自動車のバックドアトリムを例に採って図面と共に詳述する。   Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings by taking a back door trim of an automobile as an example of a trim material.

図１に示す実施形態のバックドアトリム１０は、図２に例示したバックドアの略下半部を構成するドア本体１に配設される。   The back door trim 10 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is disposed on the door body 1 that constitutes the substantially lower half of the back door illustrated in FIG.

図２では便宜的にドア本体１のみを示しているが、このドア本体１の上縁部（ドアウエスト部）の車幅方向両側にドアフレームが立設され、該ドアフレームにウィンドウパネルを固着してバックドアの略上半部が構成される（ドアフレーム、ウィンドウパネルは何れも図示省略）。   Although only the door body 1 is shown in FIG. 2 for convenience, door frames are erected on both sides of the upper edge portion (door waist portion) of the door body 1 in the vehicle width direction, and a window panel is fixed to the door frame. Thus, the substantially upper half of the back door is configured (both door frame and window panel are not shown).

このドア本体１は、ドアアウタパネル２とドアインナパネル３とで閉断面に形成してあって、バックドアトリム１０はドアインナパネル３の前面を覆ってその周縁部の複数ヶ所で例えばクリップにより止着固定される。   The door body 1 is formed by a door outer panel 2 and a door inner panel 3 in a closed cross section, and a back door trim 10 covers the front surface of the door inner panel 3 and is fastened by clips, for example, at a plurality of positions on the peripheral edge thereof. Fixed.

バックドアトリム１０は、適宜の合成樹脂材をもって射出成形等により型成形され、その裏面には吸音材１１を配設してある。   The back door trim 10 is molded by injection molding or the like with an appropriate synthetic resin material, and a sound absorbing material 11 is disposed on the back surface thereof.

吸音材１１は、フェルト，グラスウール，樹脂繊維の集合体、あるいはポリウレタンのような連続気泡を持つ発泡体といった多孔質材料が選択的に用いられる。   As the sound absorbing material 11, a porous material such as felt, glass wool, an aggregate of resin fibers, or a foam having open cells such as polyurethane is selectively used.

このような多孔質材料は、一般に、面密度が１００ｇ/ｍ２〜１２００ｇ/ｍ２、厚さが５ｍｍ〜３０ｍｍのものを使用することで、優れた吸音性能が得られることが知られている。 It is known that such a porous material generally provides excellent sound absorption performance by using a material having an areal density of 100 g / m 2 to 1200 g / m 2 and a thickness of 5 mm to 30 mm. .

また、吸音材１１として、上述の多孔質材料を単体として用いる他、多孔質材料の表面に、例えば、面密度１５〜３００ｇ/ｍ２の低通気性不織布や、面密度３０〜１００ｇ/ｍ２のポリエチレンフィルム、といった表面保護材を設けた多層構造のものを用いることができる。 Further, as the sound absorbing material 11, except for using the above-described porous material as a single, on the surface of the porous material, for example, of or low air nonwoven fabric areal density 15~300g / m 2, the surface density of 30 to 100 g / m 2 A multilayer structure having a surface protective material such as polyethylene film can be used.

本実施形態では、上述の吸音材１１として所要の厚さに形成したフェルト生地を、所要の幅と長さで同一寸法に短冊状に揃えて複数に裁断して形成したものを用いている。そして、この短冊状の吸音材１１の複数個をバックドアトリム１０の裏面に所要の角度で傾斜して隣接配置してある（図３参照）。   In the present embodiment, a felt fabric formed to have a required thickness as the above-described sound absorbing material 11 is formed by cutting a plurality of strips in the same dimension with the same width and length. A plurality of the strip-shaped sound absorbing materials 11 are arranged adjacent to the back surface of the back door trim 10 at a required angle (see FIG. 3).

本実施形態では短冊状の吸音材１１の複数個を、それらの傾斜角度および傾斜向きを一方向に揃えて車幅方向に所要の間隔をおいて隣接して配置してある。   In the present embodiment, a plurality of strip-shaped sound absorbing materials 11 are arranged adjacent to each other at a predetermined interval in the vehicle width direction with their inclination angles and inclination directions aligned in one direction.

吸音材１１の単体の幅ｗは、吸音材１１の厚みｔに対して０．５倍〜５．０倍（例えば、吸音材厚みｔ＝１０ｍｍの場合、吸音材幅ｗ＝５ｍｍ〜５０ｍｍ）が好ましい。また、吸音材１１の起立角度θは、バックドアトリム面に対してθ＝０°〜９０°、好ましくはθ＝３０°〜９０°としている。このときの隣接する吸音材間の間隔ｓは、吸音材幅ｗの０．０１倍〜１．０倍、好ましくは０．１倍〜０．６倍（例えば、吸音材幅ｗ＝２０ｍｍの場合、吸音材間隔ｓ＝約２ｍｍ〜約１３ｍｍ）とする。   The single width w of the sound absorbing material 11 is 0.5 to 5.0 times the thickness t of the sound absorbing material 11 (for example, when the sound absorbing material thickness t = 10 mm, the sound absorbing material width w = 5 mm to 50 mm). preferable. The standing angle θ of the sound absorbing material 11 is θ = 0 ° to 90 °, preferably θ = 30 ° to 90 ° with respect to the back door trim surface. The spacing s between adjacent sound absorbing materials at this time is 0.01 times to 1.0 times, preferably 0.1 times to 0.6 times the sound absorbing material width w (for example, when the sound absorbing material width w = 20 mm). , The sound absorbing material interval s = about 2 mm to about 13 mm).

吸音材１１のそれぞれは、ドア本体１側に向けて突出して縦長に設けられるが、自体には起立状態の形状保持性がないため、例えば、図４に示すバックドアトリム１０の裏面に設けた複数のホルダー部材１２により固定して起立状態を保持するようにしている。   Each of the sound absorbing materials 11 protrudes toward the door body 1 and is provided in a vertically long shape. However, since the sound absorbing material 11 does not have a shape retaining property in an upright state, for example, a plurality of the sound absorbing materials 11 provided on the back surface of the back door trim 10 shown in FIG. The holder member 12 is fixed to hold the standing state.

図４の（Ａ）〜（Ｃ）に示す例は何れもホルダー部材１２を、吸音材１１の幅方向の一端部を挟持するタイプとして構成している。（Ａ）に示す例は一対のピン突起１２ａを吸音材１１の長さ範囲に複数対設けている。（Ｂ）に示す例は一対のＬ字状突起１２ｂを背合わせに配置したものを吸音材１１の長さ範囲に複数対設けている。（Ｃ）に示す例では一対のリブ壁１２ｃを吸音材１１とほぼ同一長さで突設している。   In all the examples shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C, the holder member 12 is configured as a type that sandwiches one end of the sound absorbing material 11 in the width direction. In the example shown in (A), a plurality of pairs of pin protrusions 12 a are provided in the length range of the sound absorbing material 11. In the example shown in (B), a plurality of pairs of L-shaped projections 12 b arranged back to back are provided in the length range of the sound absorbing material 11. In the example shown in (C), the pair of rib walls 12 c are provided to protrude substantially the same length as the sound absorbing material 11.

図４の（Ｄ）に示す例はホルダー部材１２を、吸音材１１をその長さ方向の端部から上下方向に挿し込んで保持するタイプとして構成したもので、本例ではＵ字状のリング１２ｃを吸音材１１の長さ範囲に複数個設けている。   In the example shown in FIG. 4D, the holder member 12 is configured as a type in which the sound absorbing material 11 is inserted and held in the vertical direction from the end in the length direction. In this example, a U-shaped ring is used. A plurality of 12 c are provided in the length range of the sound absorbing material 11.

図４の（Ｅ）、（Ｆ）に示す例は何れもホルダー部材１２を、上下一対のリブ片１２ｄの一側面側に跨って吸音材１１を縦長に止着固定するタイプとして構成している。（Ｅ）に示す例はリブ片１２ｄに突設したピン１２ｅと、吸音材１１に設けた小孔１２ｄとの嵌合構造としている。（Ｆ）に示す例はリブ片１２ｄに吸音材１１を接着あるいは超音波溶着などの固着手段１２ｆによる固定構造としている。   In each of the examples shown in FIGS. 4E and 4F, the holder member 12 is configured as a type in which the sound-absorbing material 11 is fixed in a vertically long manner across one side of the pair of upper and lower rib pieces 12d. . The example shown in (E) has a fitting structure of a pin 12e protruding from the rib piece 12d and a small hole 12d provided in the sound absorbing material 11. In the example shown in (F), the sound absorbing material 11 is bonded to the rib piece 12d, or the fixing structure is by fixing means 12f such as ultrasonic welding.

ホルダー部材１２は上述のものに限らず、バックドアトリム１０の型成形と同時に成形可能なものであればよい。また、本実施形態では吸音材１１をバックドアトリム１０に取付けるようにしているが、ドアインナパネル３の前面に取付けることも可能である。   The holder member 12 is not limited to that described above, and may be any member that can be molded at the same time as the back door trim 10 is molded. Further, in this embodiment, the sound absorbing material 11 is attached to the back door trim 10, but it is also possible to attach it to the front surface of the door inner panel 3.

以上の構成からなる本実施形態によれば、バックドアトリム１０の裏面に短冊状に形成した複数の吸音材１１を所要の角度で傾斜して隣接配置することによって、各短冊状の吸音材１１の表裏両面でドア本体１を透過する騒音を吸収することができる。これに加えて図３に示すように、この短冊状の吸音材１１を傾斜して配置することによってバックドアトリム１０と吸音材１１との間に背後空気層Ｓが形成され、中低域側の吸音性能を向上できる。   According to the present embodiment having the above-described configuration, the plurality of sound absorbing materials 11 formed in a strip shape on the back surface of the back door trim 10 are arranged adjacent to each other at a predetermined angle so that each of the strip shaped sound absorbing materials 11 is arranged. The noise which permeate | transmits the door main body 1 by front and back both surfaces can be absorbed. In addition to this, as shown in FIG. 3, by arranging the strip-shaped sound absorbing material 11 to be inclined, a back air layer S is formed between the back door trim 10 and the sound absorbing material 11, Sound absorption performance can be improved.

この結果、吸音材１１の厚みを増したり、敷設面積を増大したり、あるいは高価な吸音素材を使用しなくても高い吸音性能が得られ、バックドアトリム１０の遮音効果を高めることができる。また、各隣接する吸音材１１と１１との間を通過してバックドアトリム１０の裏面で反射した騒音を吸音材１１の裏面側で吸収させることができるので、吸音性能をより一層高めることができる。   As a result, a high sound absorbing performance can be obtained without increasing the thickness of the sound absorbing material 11, increasing the laying area, or using an expensive sound absorbing material, and the sound insulation effect of the back door trim 10 can be enhanced. Moreover, since the noise which passed between each adjacent sound-absorbing materials 11 and 11 and was reflected by the back surface of the back door trim 10 can be absorbed by the back surface side of the sound-absorbing material 11, sound-absorbing performance can be improved further. .

これにより、従来のシート状の吸音材を凌駕する吸音効果および遮音効果を発揮させることができる。   Thereby, the sound absorption effect and sound insulation effect which surpass the conventional sheet-like sound-absorbing material can be exhibited.

図５は、この実施形態の吸音材１１を用いたバックドアトリム１０と、シート状の吸音材１１Ａを用いた比較例のバックドアトリム１０との吸音性能を示すものである。   FIG. 5 shows the sound absorption performance of the back door trim 10 using the sound absorbing material 11 of this embodiment and the back door trim 10 of a comparative example using the sheet-like sound absorbing material 11A.

図５（Ｃ）は、吸音力が３１５Ｈｚ〜４０００Ｈｚ平均値での比較例の吸音材１１Ａと、本実施形態の吸音材１１の吸音力を示している。図５の実施例では複数の吸音材１１を集合した原反（原材料シート）は比較例の吸音材１１Ａと同一厚み，同一幅で、かつ該吸音材１１Ａよりも２０％長さを短く設定している。そして、これら複数の吸音材１１を比較例の吸音材１１Ａと同じ長さに拡張展開して起立角度θを０°、３０°、４５°、６０°、９０°とした場合の吸音力を示している。この図から、本実施形態の吸音材１１の起立角度をθ＝０°とした場合には比較例の吸音材１１Ａよりも原反長さ（減反面積）が短いため比較例よりも吸音力が低いが、該起立角度をθ＝３０°にすると比較例の吸音力とほぼ同程度に近づく。そして、起立角度θ＝４５°〜９０°では比較例よりも吸音力が向上していることが判る。   FIG. 5C shows the sound absorbing power of the sound absorbing material 11A of the comparative example and the sound absorbing material 11 of the present embodiment with a sound absorbing power of 315 Hz to 4000 Hz average value. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the raw material (raw material sheet) in which a plurality of sound absorbing materials 11 are assembled is set to have the same thickness and width as the sound absorbing material 11A of the comparative example and 20% shorter than the sound absorbing material 11A. ing. The sound absorbing power when the standing angle θ is 0 °, 30 °, 45 °, 60 °, and 90 ° by extending the plurality of sound absorbing materials 11 to the same length as the sound absorbing material 11A of the comparative example is shown. ing. From this figure, when the standing angle of the sound absorbing material 11 of the present embodiment is θ = 0 °, the length of the original fabric (reduction area) is shorter than that of the sound absorbing material 11A of the comparative example, so that the sound absorbing power is higher than that of the comparative example. Although it is low, when the standing angle is set to θ = 30 °, it approaches approximately the same as the sound absorption force of the comparative example. It can be seen that the sound absorption is improved over the comparative example at the standing angle θ = 45 ° to 90 °.

前記実施形態では、吸音材１１は突出端となる側の長辺を直線としたものを採用しているが、図７の変形例（Ａ）に示すようにこの長辺を三角波線としたり、変形例（Ｂ）に示すようにこの長辺を矩形波線とすれば、吸音材１１の突出端部の音を吸収する表面積を増大できる。   In the above-described embodiment, the sound absorbing material 11 employs a long side on the side that becomes the projecting end as a straight line, but as shown in the modified example (A) in FIG. If this long side is made into a rectangular wavy line as shown in a modification (B), the surface area which absorbs the sound of the protrusion end part of the sound-absorbing material 11 can be increased.

なお、本発明は前記実施形態の構造に限定されるものではなく、吸音材１１の傾斜向きを交互に変えて配置することも可能である。また、切り起こし片１３は長い短冊形状に変えて、短い短冊形状（舌片）にすることも可能である。   In addition, this invention is not limited to the structure of the said embodiment, It is also possible to change and arrange the inclination direction of the sound-absorbing material 11 alternately. In addition, the cut and raised piece 13 can be changed to a long strip shape and a short strip shape (tongue piece).

また、吸音材１１をドアインナパネル等、車体パネルに設けることも可能である。   Further, the sound absorbing material 11 can be provided on a vehicle body panel such as a door inner panel.

また、前記実施形態ではトリム材としてバックドアトリムを例示したが、この他、サイドドアトリムやリアサイドトリム、あるいはルーフトリムなどにも適用できることは勿論である。   Moreover, although the back door trim was illustrated as a trim material in the said embodiment, of course, it is applicable also to a side door trim, a rear side trim, or a roof trim.

１…ドア本体
２…ドアアウタパネル
３…ドアインナパネル
１０…バックドアトリム（トリム材）
１１…吸音材
１２…ホルダー部材
Ｓ…背後空気層

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Door main body 2 ... Door outer panel 3 ... Door inner panel 10 ... Back door trim (trim material)
11 ... Sound absorbing material 12 ... Holder member S ... Air layer behind

Claims (4)

トリム材の裏面側に多孔質材料からなる吸音材を配設した構造であって、
前記吸音材を短冊状に形成して、その複数個が隣接配置されており、
前記吸音材のそれぞれは、前記トリム材に保持された一方の長辺を中心に前記トリム材から起立するような所要の角度で傾斜して配置されていることを特徴とする車両用内装材。 A structure in which a sound absorbing material made of a porous material is disposed on the back side of the trim material,
The sound-absorbing material is formed in a strip shape, a plurality of which are adjacently arranged ,
Each of the sound absorbing materials is arranged to be inclined at a required angle so as to stand up from the trim material around one long side held by the trim material. 前記吸音材を、前記トリム材の裏面に所要の傾斜角度で一体に立設したホルダー部材により保持固定したことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の車両用内装材。   2. The vehicle interior material according to claim 1, wherein the sound absorbing material is held and fixed by a holder member that is erected integrally with a rear surface of the trim material at a required inclination angle. 前記複数の吸音材を、それらの傾斜角度および傾斜向きを揃えて整列して配置したことを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の車両用内装材。   3. The vehicle interior material according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of sound absorbing materials are arranged with their inclination angles and inclination directions aligned. 前記複数の吸音材を、車体パネルに配設したことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の車両用内装材。   The vehicle interior material according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of sound absorbing materials are disposed on a vehicle body panel.
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