JP2015110862A - Seal injection instrument for repairing crack of concrete structure and repair method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seal injection instrument for repairing the crack of a concrete structure to be used for repairing the crack of a structure, especially, a concrete structure, and a technology for its repair method.SOLUTION: A seal injection instrument 13 for repairing the crack of a concrete structure to be applied when a crack is generated on the surface of a concrete structure 12 includes: a plate-shaped seal part 14 molded of plastic materials rich in flexibility; a filler injection pipe part 15 integrated into the plate-shaped seal part 14 with a predetermined interval in a lengthwise direction of the seal injection instrument 13 for crack repair on the plate-shaped seal part 14, and made of the same material; and a bellows part 16 with predetermined width length formed with a predetermined interval in a lengthwise direction of the seal injection instrument 13 for crack repair.

Description

The present invention relates to a seal injection device for repairing a crack of a concrete structure used for repairing a crack of a structure, particularly a concrete structure, and a repair method thereof.

Conventionally, as a first example of the repair method in this kind of technique, there is a technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-29654 shown in FIG.
To explain this, an interval for injecting the filler later on the crack 2 on the concrete surface 1 is provided, and a gap for filling the filler on the crack 2 on the surface of the tape 3 and the concrete 1 is provided. For sticking the tape piece 3 along the crack 2 or sticking the tape along the crack 2 on the concrete surface 1 and filling the filler with a predetermined width in the width direction of the tape. The strip-shaped notch 4 is removed with a cutter knife or the like, and the tape 3 is stuck along the crack 2 of the concrete surface 1 and then a hole for filling the filler later is formed at a necessary interval. To do. The tape 3 is an adhesive having an adhesive force and a tape base material that can be sufficiently adhered even if a little dirt adheres to the concrete surface 1 and that can withstand an internal pressure of 2 to 3 kg at a crack 2 when a filler is injected. It consists of a laminate of layers. When the filler made of epoxy or other resin is injected from the hole, the tape 3 is transparent so that it can be seen to travel on the crack 2, and the moisture content of the concrete surface 1 is 15%. Even within the range, the pressure-sensitive adhesive or adhesive performance can be maintained without significantly deteriorating, and the tape base material of the tape 3 is difficult to soak the adhesive and has low stretchability. In this way, the gap between the tape pieces 3 and the strips of the tape 3 are notched (notched pieces) 4 or holes formed on the tape 3 are provided as filler injection ports. 5 to inject the filler such as epoxy. After the filler is cured, the tape 3 is peeled off from the concrete surface 1 to complete the repair work for the crack 2.

Conventionally, as a second example of the repair method in this type of technique, there is a technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-156244 shown in FIG.
If this is demonstrated, the transparent adhesive tape 7 will be affixed so that the crack opening surface may be covered along the crack opening surface of the concrete structure 6 in which the crack location C produced. In this case, the dirt or dust on the surface of the concrete structure 6 to which the adhesive tape 7 is adhered is removed in advance using a disk sander, wire brush, etc., and then air is blown or the concrete structure is made with a waste cloth or the like. Try to wipe the surface of things. Cracks can be seen from the outside through the transparent adhesive tape 7, a resin injection hole 8 is formed at a predetermined position of the adhesive tape 7, and the hole is covered so as to cover the hole. A resin injection member 11 having 9 and a cylindrical portion 10 connected thereto is mounted, and a filling resin such as an epoxy resin is sufficiently injected deep into the cracked portion C through the resin injection member 11. If the resin injection member 11 has a structure that can inject the resin into the cracked portion C, the seat 9 and the cylindrical portion 10 are securely connected to each other. This is a technique of sealing with an O-ring or the like so as not to leak.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-29654 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-156244

Since the conventional technique has the above-described configuration, the following problems existed.
That is, according to the first example, in repairing a crack of a concrete structure, that is, a crack 2, a step of sticking the tape piece 3 having the tape base material along the crack 2, and a filling agent The process consists of a process of cutting the strip-shaped notch piece 4 to a predetermined width in the width direction with a cutter knife or the like, a process of injecting the filler into the crack 2, and a process of peeling the tape piece 3. Many pieces were necessary and workability was poor. In addition, since the filler is directly injected by the filler injection device 5, the filler may leak around the injection point, the filler injection work is incomplete, the construction process is prolonged, the construction cost increases and the construction is performed. There was a problem that the quality deteriorated.

Next, according to the second example, when repairing the cracked portion C of the concrete structure 6, a step of sticking the transparent adhesive tape 7 so as to cover the crack opening surface, and a predetermined portion of the adhesive tape 7 A step of forming a resin injection hole 8, a step of mounting a resin injection member 11 including a seat 9 and a cylindrical portion 10 connected thereto, and a filling resin is injected from the resin injection member 11. And a step of peeling the adhesive tape from the surface of the concrete structure. Similar to the first example described above, the process is complicated and requires a large number of pieces, and workability is poor. Further, since the filler is directly injected by the resin injection member 11, the filler may leak around the injection site, the filler injection work is incomplete, the construction process is prolonged, the construction cost increases, and the construction is performed. There was a problem that the quality deteriorated.

A seal injection device for repairing cracks in a concrete structure and a repair method according to the present invention include a tape part that adheres to a cracked part of a concrete structure and an injection pipe part that injects a filler. In addition, it is intended to form a bellows part at a predetermined part of the plate-like seal part so that it can be applied to a cracked part formed in a meandering manner on the surface of the concrete structure.・ Established by means.

According to invention of Claim 1, it is a seal | sticker injection device for crack repair of a concrete structure, Comprising: Filler injection | pouring integrated with a plate-shaped seal part and this plate-shaped seal part with a predetermined space | interval A pipe part and a bellows part formed at a predetermined interval on the plate-like seal part are provided.

According to invention of Claim 2, it is a seal | sticker injection device for the crack repair of a concrete structure, Comprising: The said bellows part was formed in the said plate-shaped seal part for every 20 thru | or 30 (cm) space | interval. And

According to invention of Claim 3, it is a seal | sticker injection tool for crack repair of concrete structures, Comprising: Adhesive material was apply | coated to the single side | surface side of the said plate-shaped seal part and a bellows part, or the double-sided tape was stuck. It is characterized by.

According to invention of Claim 4, it is a seal | sticker injection device for crack repair of a concrete structure, Comprising: The said adhesive material or the said double-sided tape is an acrylic adhesive or a butyl rubber adhesive.

According to invention of Claim 5, it is a seal | sticker injection device for crack repair of a concrete structure, Comprising: The material whose thickness of the said double-sided tape is 0.5 thru | or 1 (mm) is an acrylic adhesive or a butyl rubber type | system | group. It is one type of pressure-sensitive adhesive selected from pressure-sensitive adhesives.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a crack repairing method for a concrete structure, wherein the surface of the concrete structure is cleaned along the cracks of the concrete structure by the dirt removing means, and then the plate-like seal portion and the A crack repair seal injection device comprising a filler injection pipe portion integrated with a predetermined interval on a plate-like seal portion and a bellows portion formed with a predetermined interval on the plate-like seal portion is concrete. Fixing to the cracked part of the structure with adhesive or double-sided tape, injecting filler from the filler injection pipe part of the crack repairing seal injection device, and filling the crack repairing seal after the filler is cured It is characterized by peeling the instrument from the concrete structure.

According to invention of Claim 7, it is a crack repair method of a concrete structure, Comprising: The material whose thickness of the said double-sided tape is 0.5 thru | or 1 (mm) is from an acrylic adhesive or a butyl rubber adhesive. It is one type of double-sided tape to be selected.

According to invention of Claim 8, it is a crack repair method of a concrete structure, Comprising: As for the injection method of the filler from the said filling injection pipe part, this filler injection pressure (Mpa) is zero by an automatic low-pressure injection apparatus. .06 to 0.28.

Since the seal injection device and the repair method for crack repair of a concrete structure according to the present invention have the above-described configuration, the following effects are obtained.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the plate-like seal portion, the filler injection pipe portion integrated on the plate-like seal portion with a predetermined interval, and the plate-like seal portion have a predetermined interval. There is provided a seal injection device for repairing a crack in a concrete structure characterized by comprising a bellows portion formed as described above.
With such a configuration, the concrete structure crack repair seal injection device is a plate-like seal portion, a filler injection pipe portion integrated with the plate-like seal portion at a predetermined interval, and the plate With the bellows part formed with a predetermined interval in the shaped seal part, the number of parts can be greatly reduced compared with conventional filler injection equipment and its repair method, and the construction work period can be shortened is there.

According to invention of Claim 2, the said bellows part was formed in the said plate-shaped seal part for every space | interval of 20 thru | or 30 (cm), For the crack repair of the concrete structure of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. A seal injection device is provided.
With such a configuration, in addition to the effect of the first aspect of the invention, it is possible to follow the cracks of the concrete structure in a meandering manner, and there is an effect that high-quality repair is possible.

According to invention of Claim 3, the adhesive material was apply | coated to the single side | surface side of the said plate-shaped seal part and the bellows part, or the double-sided tape was stuck, The crack of the concrete structure of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. Repair seal injection device.
Since it was set as such a structure, in addition to the effect of invention of Claim 1, since the adhesive material was apply | coated to the single side | surface side of the said plate-shaped seal part and the bellows part, or the double-sided tape was stuck, adhesive material or a double-sided tape is used. It is formed in one piece with the plate-like seal and bellows, and it can maintain appropriate hardness, and when it is stuck and pressed on the surface of the concrete structure, it makes surface contact without requiring the concrete structure and the contact plate There is an effect that it becomes close and bites into the uneven portions present on the surface of the concrete structure, thereby improving the adhesion accuracy between the crack repairing seal injection device and the surface of the concrete structure.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the pressure-sensitive adhesive material or the double-sided tape is an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive or a butyl rubber pressure-sensitive adhesive. The seal injection device for repairing a crack in a concrete structure according to the third aspect I will provide a.
Since it was set as such a structure, in addition to the effect of the invention of Claim 3, a general purpose acrylic type or butyl rubber-type adhesive can be applied for an adhesive material or an adhesive, and there exists an effect that implementation utility is high.

According to invention of Claim 5, the material whose thickness of the said double-sided tape is 0.5 thru | or 1 (mm) is 1 type of adhesive selected from an acrylic adhesive or a butyl rubber adhesive. A seal injection device for repairing a crack in a concrete structure according to claim 3 is provided.
Since it was set as such a structure, in addition to the effect of the invention of Claim 3, the double-sided tape can be applied with a general-purpose acrylic or butyl rubber-based pressure-sensitive adhesive, has high practical utility, and ensures an excellent adhesion function. There is.

According to the invention described in claim 6, after the surface of the concrete structure is cleaned by the dirt removing means along the crack of the concrete structure, the plate-like seal portion and the plate-like seal portion have a predetermined interval. A seal injection device for crack repair comprising a filler injection pipe portion integrated with the plate-like seal portion and a bellows portion formed at a predetermined interval on the crack portion of a concrete structure. And the filler is injected from the filler injection pipe portion of the crack repair seal injection device, and the crack repair seal injection device is peeled off from the concrete structure after the filler is cured. A method for repairing cracks in concrete structures is provided.
With such a configuration, the concrete structure crack repair seal injection device is a plate-like seal portion, a filler injection pipe portion integrated with the plate-like seal portion at a predetermined interval, and the plate A crack repairing method for concrete structures that has a bellows part formed at a predetermined interval in the seal-like seal part, so that the number of parts can be greatly reduced compared to conventional filler injection equipment and its method, and the construction period can be shortened There is an effect that can be provided.

According to the invention described in claim 7, the double-sided tape having a thickness of 0.5 to 1 (mm) is one type of double-sided tape selected from an acrylic adhesive or a butyl rubber adhesive. The crack repair method of the concrete structure of Claim 6 characterized by these is provided.
Since it was set as such a structure, in addition to the effect of the invention of Claim 6, the adhesive material of a double-sided tape can apply a general purpose acrylic type or a butyl rubber-type adhesive, has high practical utility, and has a sufficient adhesion function. There is an effect that it is possible to provide a crack repair method for a concrete structure.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the filler injection pressure (Mpa) is set to 0.06 to 0.28 by the automatic low-pressure injection device. The crack repair method of the concrete structure of Claim 6 or 7 characterized by these is provided.
Since this structure is adopted, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 6, a general-purpose automatic low-pressure injection device is used for injection of the filler into the filler injection pipe portion, and this injection pressure is kept within a predetermined range. Since it is set, it is possible to provide a crack repair method for a concrete structure in which the filler does not leak to the outside from the vicinity of the inlet of the filler injection pipe part if it is an adhesive or double-sided tape having an adhesive force of 16 N / 10 mm or more. There is an effect.

It is a top view which shows an example of the seal injection instrument for the crack repair of the concrete structure which concerns on this invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view with a part cut away in the direction of arrow AA in FIG. FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway enlarged cross-sectional view showing a state in which a filler is injected by an automatic low pressure injection device into a crack repair seal injection device for a concrete structure according to the present invention shown in FIG. 2. It is a top view which shows the 1st example of the repair construction method in a prior art. It is a top view which shows the 2nd example of the repair construction method in a prior art.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of a concrete structure crack repair seal injecting device according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 are examples showing an embodiment of a seal injection device for crack repair of a concrete structure according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a seal injection device for crack repair of a concrete structure according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view disclosing the repair method, FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial sectional view in the direction of the arrow AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an automatic view in FIG. It is an expanded partial sectional view which shows the state which inject | pours a filler with a low pressure injector.
The seal injection device for repairing a crack in a concrete structure according to the present invention will be clarified by explaining this in detail with reference to FIGS.

Reference numeral 12 denotes a concrete structure, for example, a concrete structure related to various civil engineering and architecture. Reference numeral 13 denotes a seal injection device for repairing a crack in a concrete structure according to the present invention which is applied when a crack is generated on the surface of the concrete structure 12, and one example is shown in FIG. The crack repair seal injection device 13 has a plate-like seal portion 14 formed of, for example, a flexible thermoplastic material, and a predetermined length in the length direction of the crack repair seal injection device 13 on the plate-like seal portion 14. A filler injection pipe portion 15 made of a cylindrical body having a diameter of about 10 (mm) made of the same material and integrated with the plate-like seal portion 14 with an interval, the plate-like seal portion 14, and crack repairing The bellows portion 16 having a predetermined width and formed with a predetermined interval in the length direction of the seal injection device 13. Here, if the mutual interval length L2 of the filler injection pipe portion 15 is set to, for example, 20 to 30 (cm) from the result of the conventional crack injection confirmation experiment, the crack is reliably filled. Further, when the mutual interval length L1 of the bellows portion 16 is under the same condition, for example, if it is set to 20 to 30 (cm), the repair can be performed corresponding to the meandering crack 17 shown in FIGS. it can. Further, when the width L3 of the bellows portion 16 is set to, for example, about 50 to 60 (mm) when the width S of the plate-like seal portion 14 is 2 to 4 (cm), the meandering crack of the concrete structure 12 is formed. 17 was found to be able to follow.

Since the crack injection seal 13 for repairing a concrete structure according to the present invention has the above-described configuration, the crack injection seal 13 for repairing a concrete structure 12 is attached to the crack 12 of the concrete structure 12. When sticking to the surface, if the crack 17 meanders in a “substantially letter shape”, the bellows portion 16 generates a large or small curvature as shown in FIG. It becomes telescopic. In other words, the length L4 on one side to be compressed and the length L5 on the other side to be expanded are in an inequality relationship of L4 << L5, and the crack 17 can follow even if meandering. Further, when the crack 17 meanders in a “substantially square shape”, the length L4 on one side to be compressed and the length L4 on the other side to be expanded are in an inequality relationship of L4 >> L5. Even if the crack 17 meanders, it can follow. The bellows portion 16 is constituted by a continuous valley-and-valley shape, but the interval between the peaks and valleys is determined by the thickness of the plate-like seal portion 14. Can follow.

The seal injection device 13 for repairing a crack in a concrete structure according to the present invention is such that the plate-like seal portion 14 and the filler injection pipe portion 15 are integrated with the same material, and the seal injection device 13 for repairing a crack in a concrete structure. The number of components has been greatly reduced. In addition, when the concrete structure 12 is cracked 17, particularly at a repair site, for example, the masking tape is peeled off, stuck along the crack 17 of the concrete structure 12, and a filler is injected from the filler injection pipe 15. It is only necessary to peel off the seal injection device 13 for repairing a crack in the structure from the surface of the concrete structure 12, and the repair process is three steps, and the construction period can be shortened.

Next, a crack repair method for a concrete structure will be described as an example.
A method of repairing the crack 17 of the concrete structure 12 meandering as shown in FIG. 1 using the above-mentioned seal injection device 13 for crack repair of the concrete structure 12 will be described in accordance with the following procedure.
(1) First, at the repair site, the dirt and dust on the surface of the concrete structure 12 at the crack 17 site are removed in advance using a disk sander, a wire brush, etc., and then air is blown or a waste cloth is used. Wipe the surface of the structure with. Here, the disk sander, the wire brush, the waste, and the like are means for removing dirt on the surface of the concrete structure 12.

(2) Adhesive material and double-sided tape 18 are adhered to the back surface of the crack repair seal injection device 13 of the concrete structure 12 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and the crack repair repair seal injection of the concrete structure 12 is performed. The appliance 13 is pressed and fixed to the surface along the crack 17 of the concrete structure 12. At this time, the bellows portion 16 of the crack repair seal injection device 13 of the concrete structure 12 is preliminarily filled with the adhesive material 18 or double-sided tape between the peaks and valleys, and the adhesive material or double-sided tape 18 is preliminarily filled with the concrete structure 12. Apply and stick to the surface of The adhesive material and the double-sided tape 18 may be applied in advance to the surface of the concrete structure 12. Here, the adhesive 18 or the double-sided tape 18 is a general-purpose material that is easily available, and for example, an acrylic adhesive or a butyl rubber adhesive is used. When the double-sided tape 18 is used, the adhesive 18 or the double-sided tape 18 needs a surface and a contact plate of the concrete structure 12, particularly when the crack repair seal injection device 13 is made of a thermoplastic material. It was in a state close to surface contact and was able to increase the adhesion between the surface of the concrete structure 12 and the seal injection device 13 for repairing by biting into the uneven portions existing on the surface of the concrete structure 12. If the uneven portion on the surface of the concrete structure 12 is extremely remarkable, a primer may be applied on the concrete structure 12.

According to the embodiment, the adhesive material and the double-sided tape 18 have a thickness t of about 0.5 to 1 (mm). It has been found that the adhesion accuracy between the crack repairing seal injection device 13 and the concrete structure 12 is extremely high. . The reason is that if the thickness t of the adhesive material and the double-sided tape 18 is less than 0.5 (mm), the uneven surface generated in the concrete structure 12 cannot be in contact with the surface and exceeds 1 (mm). This is to avoid the possibility that the construction cost will increase. Next, the filler is injected into the filler injection pipe portion 15 by the filler injection means as shown in FIG. Here, the filler includes a conventionally known filler such as an epoxy resin.

Here, an automatic low pressure injection device 19 as one embodiment of the filler injection means will be described. The automatic low-pressure injecting device 19 is a device for injecting over time at a low pressure of 0.39 (MPa) or less using the contraction force of a spring or the contraction force of rubber, and the above-mentioned filler is a seal injection device for crack repair. 13 is injected into the crack 17 from the filler injection pipe portion 15. At this time, according to the filler injection method using the automatic low-pressure injection device 19 from the experiment, in order to prevent the filler from leaking from the plate-like seal portion 14 near the injection port of the filler injection pipe portion 15, the filler injection pressure (Mpa ) Is less than 0.06, it is unstable to cause the filler to travel from the upper end 17a to the lower end 17b of the crack 17 portion as shown in FIG. It is necessary to set the mutual interval length L2 of the injection pipe portions 15 to be short and to provide a large number of them. When the filler injection pressure (Mpa) exceeds 0.28, the filler may leak from the plate-like seal portion 14 in the vicinity of the injection port of the filler injection pipe portion 15. In addition, the maximum value of the filler injection pressure (Mpa) is 0.28 if the adhesive force (N / mm) between the adhesive material 18 and the double-sided tape 18 and the surface of the concrete structure 12 is 16 or less. It was proved.

As a final procedure, the filler injection pipe portion 15 is peeled off from the surface of the concrete structure 12 together with the adhesive 18 and the double-sided tape 18 after the filler is cured. According to the present invention, since the adhesive material 18 and the double-sided tape 18 are used, the shape after sealing the crack 17 portion does not remain and the surface of the concrete structure 12 is finished cleanly.

As described above, in the crack repair method for a concrete structure according to the present invention, the crack injecting seal injection device 13 for the concrete structure 12 has a plate-like seal portion 14 and a predetermined interval on the plate-like seal portion 14. Since it has a filler injection pipe portion 15 integrated and a bellows portion 16 formed at a predetermined interval in the plate-like seal portion 14, it is compared with a conventional filler injection device and its repair method. The number of parts can be drastically deleted and the construction period can be shortened. General-purpose acrylic or butyl rubber-based adhesive can be applied to double-sided tape or adhesive material. Since the low-pressure injection device 19 is used and the injection pressure is set within a predetermined range, the filler does not leak from the vicinity of the injection port of the filler injection pipe portion 15. . In order to attach the various automatic low pressure injection devices 19 to the crack repair seal injection device 13, an adapter corresponding to the injection port of the various automatic low pressure injection devices 19 is required.

The seal injection device and method for repairing cracks in concrete structures according to the present invention are applied to repair work for cracks occurring in bridges, tunnels, buildings, etc. in the case of concrete structures, and the range of use is wide. .

12 Concrete structure 13 Seal injection device 14 for crack repair 14 Plate-like seal portion 15 Filler injection pipe portion 16 Bellows portion 17 Crack 17a Crack upper end 17b Crack lower end 18 Adhesive (double-sided tape)
19 Automatic low pressure injection device

Claims (8)

A seal injection device for repairing cracks in a concrete structure, comprising a plate-like seal portion, a filler injection pipe portion integrated on the plate-like seal portion with a predetermined interval, and a predetermined amount on the plate-like seal portion. A seal injection device for repairing a crack in a concrete structure, comprising a bellows portion formed with a gap. 2. The seal injection device for repairing a crack in a concrete structure according to claim 1, wherein the bellows portion is formed in the plate-like seal portion at intervals of 20 to 30 (cm). The seal injection device for repairing a crack in a concrete structure according to claim 1, wherein an adhesive material is applied to one side of the plate-like seal portion and the bellows portion or a double-sided tape is attached. 4. The seal injection device for repairing a crack in a concrete structure according to claim 3, wherein the adhesive material or the double-sided tape is an acrylic adhesive or a butyl rubber adhesive. 4. The concrete structure according to claim 3, wherein the double-sided tape has a thickness of 0.5 to 1 (mm), which is one kind of adhesive selected from acrylic adhesive or butyl rubber adhesive. Seal injection device for repairing cracks in objects. The surface of the concrete structure along the cracks of the concrete structure is cleaned by the dirt removing means, and then the plate-like seal portion and the filler injection pipe portion integrated with a predetermined interval on the plate-like seal portion, A crack repair seal injection device comprising a bellows portion formed at a predetermined interval on a plate-like seal portion is fixed to a crack portion of a concrete structure with an adhesive or double-sided tape, and the crack repair seal A method for repairing a crack in a concrete structure, wherein a filler is injected from the filler injection pipe portion of the injection instrument, and the crack repair seal injection instrument is peeled off from the concrete structure after the filler is cured. 7. The concrete structure according to claim 6, wherein the double-sided tape has a thickness of 0.5 to 1 (mm), which is one type of double-sided tape selected from an acrylic adhesive or a butyl rubber adhesive. How to repair cracks in objects. 8. The method of injecting a filler from the filling / injecting pipe section, wherein the filler injecting pressure (Mpa) is set to 0.06 to 0.28 by an automatic low-pressure injecting device. How to repair cracks in concrete structures.

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