JP2015110253A - Joining method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To execute frictional agitation joining of a high quality.SOLUTION: A joining method includes a first frictional agitation joining process of executing frictional agitation in a first joining range Rup to a first point provided up to the middle of a butting part J from one end side of the butting part J, a filling process of filling a metallic member Z in an extraction hole Hgenerated when extracting an agitation pin A2 of a rotary tool A from a plasticizing area of a metallic element in the first frictional agitation joining process and a second frictional agitation joining process of executing the frictional agitation in a second joining range Rup to the other end side of the butting part J from a second point provided in the plasticizing area of belonging to the first joining range Rgenerated by the first frictional agitation joining process, and in the first frictional agitation joining process, a start position of the frictional agitation is set on a tab part 3 arranged on side of one end side of the butting part J, and an end position of the second joining range Ris set on a tab part 2 arranged on the side of the other end side of the butting part J on the opposite side of the one end side.

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for joining metal members using friction stirring.

  As a method for joining metal members (metal elements), friction stir welding (FSW = Friction Stir Welding) is known. In friction stir welding, the rotated rotating tool is moved along the abutting portion between the metal members, and the metal at the abutting portion is plastically flowed by the frictional heat between the rotating tool and the metal member, so that the metal members are solid-phased. It joins (for example, refer patent document 1). In general, the rotating tool is formed by protruding a stirring pin (probe) on the lower end surface of a cylindrical shoulder portion.

JP 2003-164980 A

  Conventionally, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, friction stir welding is continuously performed over the entire length of a butt portion between metal elements to join the metal elements together. Therefore, in order to perform friction stir welding at the abutting portion between long metal elements, the metal element and the rotating tool must be moved relative to each other so that the rotating tool moves from end to end of the abutting portion of the metal element. In other words, a large device is required.

  In general, when performing friction stir welding at the abutting portion between long metal elements, after performing friction stir welding to a predetermined length, the remaining friction stir welding is performed from the end of the plasticized region generated at that time. I am doing so. However, in this case, since the agitation pin is not sufficiently agitated when the agitation pin is inserted / extracted, the oxide film existing on the surface of the metal element may be caught in the plastic region around the metal element, resulting in a bonding defect or the like. There is a risk of it.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to enable high-quality friction stir welding.

  A joining method according to claim 1 of the present invention for solving such a problem is a joining method in which abutting portions between metal elements are friction-stirred with a rotary tool, and the metal elements are connected via a jig and a vise. And a first friction stirrer that performs friction stir in a first joining range from the one end side of the abutting part to a first point provided in the middle of the abutting part. A filling step of filling a metal member into a punched hole formed when the stirring pin of the rotating tool is pulled out from the plasticized region of the metal element in the first friction stir welding step; The second friction stir welding step for performing friction stir in the second joining range from the second point provided in the plasticizing region belonging to the first joining range generated by the friction stir welding step to the other end side of the abutting portion. In the restraining step, the abutting portion is In the first friction stir welding step, the metal elements are horizontally pressed by the vise fixed on one side of the support base and the receiving member fixed on the other side. A friction stirring start position for one joining range is set on a first tab portion disposed on one side of the abutting portion between the metal elements, and an end position of the first joining range is set to the abutting portion. The first point provided in the middle is set, and the stirring pin of the rotary tool is pulled out vertically upward with respect to the surface of the metal element at the end position, in the second friction stir welding step, The friction stirring start position for the second joining range is set as the second point provided in the plasticizing region belonging to the first joining range, and the end position of the second joining range is the one end It is set on the second tab portion disposed on the side of the other end side opposite the abutting portion and characterized.

  In this configuration, the end of the first joining range is also included in the second joining range, and the end of the second joining range is included in the first joining range. Therefore, even if an oxide film is caught at the end of the first joining range by the first friction stir welding process or a joining defect occurs, the second friction stir joining process does not require the second joining range. Since the end of the first joining range included in the friction stir is also performed again, the oxide film remaining around the end is divided, and the joining defect and the like are repaired. Therefore, the quality of friction stir welding is improved. In addition, even in the case of a butt portion that is too long to be frictionally stirred in a single friction stir process, by performing friction stir separately, the oxide film is divided to repair joint defects, etc. On the other hand, high-quality friction stirring can be performed. In addition, by including the filling step, when the end position of the first friction stir welding step is set on the abutting portion of the metal element, the second hole is filled with the metal member after filling the through hole generated at the end position. If the friction stir welding process is performed, the plastic fluidization is performed including the metal member, so that the quality of the friction stir welding is improved.

  According to the joining method according to the present invention, high-quality friction stir welding can be performed.

It is a perspective view which shows the fixation condition of the metal member which concerns on the joining method of suitable embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of the fixation state of the metal member shown in FIG. (A) And (b) is sectional drawing for demonstrating a joining process. It is a figure explaining process example 1 of a joining process. (A) is a top view for demonstrating a 1st process, (b) is a top view for demonstrating a 2nd process. Sectional drawing in the abutting part J in the process example 1 is shown. (A) is a figure which shows a mode immediately before inserting the stirring pin of the rotation tool in a 1st process, (b) is a figure which shows a mode before extracting the stirring pin at the time of completion | finish of a 1st process, (c) is the 1st The figure which shows a mode after the extraction of the stirring pin in one process and just before insertion of the stirring pin of a 2nd process, (d) is a figure which shows a mode when the stirring pin at the time of completion | finish of a 2nd process is extracted. It is a figure explaining process example 2 of a joining process. (A) is a top view for demonstrating the mode of a 1st process, (b) is a top view for demonstrating the mode of a 2nd process. It is a figure explaining process example 3 of a joining process. (A) is a plan view for explaining the state of the first step, (b) is a plan view for explaining the state of the first half of the second step, and (c) shows the state of the second half of the second step. FIG. It is a figure explaining process example 4 of a joining process. (A) is a top view for demonstrating the mode of a 1st process, (b) is a top view for demonstrating the mode of a 2nd process. It is the II-II cross-section equivalent figure of FIG. (A) is a figure which shows a mode immediately before inserting the stirring pin of the rotary tool in a 1st process, (b) is a figure which shows a mode after extracting the stirring pin at the time of completion | finish of a 1st process, (c) is The figure which shows the filling process which fills the punch hole produced after extraction of the stirring pin in a 1st process, (d) is a figure which shows the mode immediately before insertion of the stirring pin of a 2nd process, (e) is a figure of 2nd process. It is a figure which shows a mode when the stirring pin at the time of completion | finish is extracted. It is a figure explaining process example 5 of a joining process. (A) is a plan view for explaining the state of the first step, (b) is a plan view for explaining the state of the first half of the second step, and (c) shows the state of the second half of the second step. FIG. It is a figure explaining process example 6 of a joining process. (A) is a top view for demonstrating the mode of a 1st process, (b) is a top view for demonstrating the mode of a 2nd process.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a case where three metal members 10 (first metal member 11, second metal member 12, and third metal member 13) are joined by friction stir welding will be described. In addition, each direction in description shall be unified into the direction shown in FIG.

  The shape and size of each metal member 10 is not limited and can be set as appropriate. In the present embodiment, a first metal member 11 made of a hollow extruded shape having a rectangular cross section, and a second metal member 12 and a third metal member 13 made of a hollow extruded shape having a substantially T-shaped outer cross section are used. And in this embodiment, the case where the 2nd metal member 12 and the 3rd metal member 13 of a cross section substantially T-shape are joined to the right and left of the 1st metal member 11 is demonstrated.

  In addition, the material which comprises the metal member 10 is not limited, What is necessary is just to select and use from a well-known material suitably, However, In this embodiment, the metal member 10 made from an aluminum alloy is used.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, convex portions 11b, 12b, and 13b projecting upward and downward are formed at locations corresponding to the abutting portions J between the metal members 10, respectively. Although the cross-sectional shape of the convex portions 11b, 12b, and 13b is not limited, it has a height and thickness that can express the strength required as a completed member by being joined by friction stir welding. .
In addition, as for each convex part 11b, 12b, 13b, the width dimension at the time of attaching the convex part 11b and the convex part 12b, and the convex part 11b and the convex part 13b is the shoulder diameter of the rotating tool A (the outer diameter of the shoulder part A1). ) (See FIGS. 3A and 3B).

  The abutting surfaces 11a and 11a of the first metal member 11 are flat as shown in FIG. On the other hand, the abutting surfaces 12a and 13a of the second metal member 12 and the third metal member 13 are recessed in advance in an intermediate portion so that a gap is formed when abutting with the abutting surface 11a of the first metal member 11 ( (Concave part) is formed. As described above, the recesses are formed in the intermediate portions of the abutting surfaces 12a and 13a of the second metal member 12 and the third metal member 13, so that the upper and lower sides of the abutting surfaces 12a and 13a (including the convex portions 12b and 13b) are also included. Closely contacts the abutting surfaces 11a, 11a of the first metal member 11. When the abutting surfaces made of flat surfaces are abutted with each other, there is a case where high-quality friction stir welding cannot be performed without contact due to unevenness of the abutting surfaces, but the metal member 10 according to the present embodiment has a mutual abutting portion J. Since the gap is formed in the gap, the gap absorbs the unevenness of the abutting surface, and the metal parts 10 are closely adhered to each other with respect to the joining portion where the friction stir welding is performed above the gap, so that high quality friction stirring is achieved. It is possible to perform bonding.

  In the present embodiment, the recesses are formed on the abutting surfaces 12 a and 13 a of the second metal member 12 and the third metal member 13, but the recesses are formed on the abutting surface 11 a of the first metal member 11. Good. Needless to say, the shape of the abutting surfaces 11a, 12a, 13a between the metal members 10 is not limited to the above-described shape. Moreover, although the thickness dimension of the abutting surfaces 11a, 12a, and 13a of each metal member 10 is not limited, they are all the same in this embodiment. Moreover, the depth of the dent (gap width) formed in the abutting surfaces 12a and 13a is not limited and may be set as appropriate. In the drawings (FIGS. 1, 2 and 3), the depth of the recess formed in the abutting surfaces 12a and 13a is shown large, but the depth of the recess is such that a slight gap is formed. If it is.

  The joining method according to the present embodiment is based on a butting process in which the metal members 10 are butted together, a restraining process in which the metal members 10, 10, and 10 are restrained to the support base 20, and a butting portion J between the metal members 10. And a joining step of continuously performing friction stir welding as thermal processing.

  In the abutting step, as shown in FIG. 1, the metal members 10, 10, 10 are placed on the support base 20 in a state where the abutting surfaces 11 a, 12 a, 13 a of the metal members 10 to be joined are abutted. Specifically, the central first metal member 11 is disposed between the left and right second metal members 12 and the third metal member 13, and is supported in a state in which the abutting surfaces 11a, 12a, and 13a are abutted with each other. Place on the table 20.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the support base 20 has left and right pedestals 22, 23 in the space between the pedestals 22, 23 and the pedestals 22, 23 with a space in the center. The support plate 24 is sandwiched between the support plate 24, the pedestals 22 and 23, and the support base body 21 that supports the support plate 24 from below.

  As shown in FIG. 2, at both ends of the upper surface of the support plate 24, a joining line support member 25 for supporting the abutting portions J of the metal members 11, 12, 13 placed on the support base 20 from the lower surface. , 25 are arranged. A support member 26 for supporting the first metal member 11 is disposed at the center of the upper surface of the support plate 24.

  In the restraining step, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the metal members 10, 10, 10 are restrained to the support base 20 through a bolt 30, a jig 40, a vise 50 and the like so as not to move. At this time, a presser plate 31 is interposed between the head 30 a of the bolt 30 and the first metal member 11, and the pressering force by the bolt 30 is dispersed by the presser plate 31. The member 11 is configured to press the surface.

  The pressing of the metal member 10 in the lateral direction is performed by holding the metal member 10 with a vise 50 fixed to the left pedestal 22 and a receiving member 51 fixed to the right pedestal 23. Auxiliary plates 52 and 52 are interposed between the vise 50 and the second metal member 12 and between the receiving member 51 and the third metal member 13, respectively. The entire surfaces of the abutting portions J and J are configured to be in close contact with each other.

In the joining step, friction agitation is performed on the abutting portion J in two steps (hereinafter, “first step” and “second step”). Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3A, the stirring pin A2 of the rotated rotary tool A is moved from the top of the convex portions 11b and 13b (12b) to the convex portion 11b, for each process. 13b (12b) is inserted (press-fitted) into the starting position S provided on the upper surface, and is moved relative to the friction stir route set so as to include the abutting portion J without removing the inserted stirring pin A2 in the middle. Then, after stirring the friction, the stirring pin A2 may be released upward at the end position.
When the rotary tool A is rotated and moved along the abutting portion J, the metal of the abutting portion J is plastically fluidized by frictional heat between the rotating tool A and the metal, as shown in FIG. J is solid phase bonded. In the present embodiment, friction stir welding is performed above the gap formed between the abutting surfaces 11a and 13a (12a) so that the convex portions 11b, 12b, and 13b of each metal member 10 remain after the joining. .

  Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the form etc. of the rotation tool A, In this embodiment, what is shown to (a) of FIG. 3 is used. The rotating tool A shown in FIG. 3A is made of a metal material harder than the object to be joined, such as tool steel, and has a columnar shoulder A1 and a stirring projecting from the lower end surface A11 of the shoulder A1. And a pin (probe) A2. The lower end surface A11 of the shoulder portion A1 is a part that plays a role of preventing plastic scattering by pressing the plastic fluidized metal, and is formed in a concave shape in this embodiment. The stirring pin A2 hangs down from the center of the lower end surface A11 of the shoulder portion A1, and is formed into a tapered truncated cone shape in this embodiment. In addition, a stirring blade engraved in a spiral shape is formed on the peripheral surface of the stirring pin A2.

  The moving speed (feeding speed) of the rotary tool A is set according to the size and shape of the stirring pin A2, the material and thickness of the metal member 10 and the like that are frictionally stirred. When the rotary tool A is moved, the metal around the stirring pin A2 is plastically fluidized at the same time, and the plastic fluidized metal is hardened again at a position away from the stirring pin A2.

  Since each metal member 10 is a long body, this joining process is characterized in the procedure of friction stirring the respective abutting portions J, and is referred to as a first friction stirring joining process (hereinafter referred to as “first process”). It includes two characteristic steps, a second friction stir welding step (hereinafter referred to as “second step”). A 1st process is a procedure which performs friction stirring to the 1st joining range to the 1st point provided in the middle of the abutting part J from the one end side of the abutting part J. FIG. The second step is a procedure for performing frictional stirring in the second joining range from the second point provided in the plasticizing region belonging to the first joining range generated in the first step to the other end side of the abutting portion J. . Hereinafter, the process example about a 1st process and a 2nd process is demonstrated.

[Process Example 1]
Drawing 4 is a figure explaining process example 1 of a joining process in an embodiment. 4 is a plan view mainly showing the abutting portion J of the convex portions 11b and 13b in FIG. 1, and shows a case where the tab portions 2 and 3 are arranged on the side of the abutting portion J. FIG. The top view for demonstrating the mode of a 1st process to (a) of FIG. 4 is shown. FIG. 4B is a plan view for explaining the state of the second step.

As shown in (a) of FIG. 4, in a first step, start position S ₁₁ of the friction stir for a first joining region R ₁₁ is set as the first point in the middle of the butting portion J, and the first bonding The friction stirring end position E ₁₁ with respect to the range R ₁₁ is set on the tab portion 3 disposed on one end side of the abutting portion J. That is, in the first step, the rotary tool stirring pin of A A2 (see FIG. 3) is inserted while rotating the start position S _11, towards the end position E ₁₁ of the tab portion 3 while plastically fluidize the metal, metal It moves relative to the material 10 and is extracted from the tab portion 3. By this first step, a plasticized region W ₁₁ is formed in the abutting portion J, and the first metal member 11 and the third metal member 13 are joined in the first joining range R ₁₁ .

Further, as shown in (b) of FIG. 4, in the second step, a second start position S ₁₂ of the friction stir for the second joining region R ₁₂ is the plasticized region W ₁₁ belonging to the first joining region S ₁₁ It is set as a point, and the end position E ₁₂ of the friction stir for the second joining region R ₁₂ is disposed on the other end side opposite to the butting portion J and the tab portion 3 disposed at one end of the butting portion J Is set on the tab 2.

That is, in the second step, stirring pin of the rotary tool A A2 (see FIG. 3) is inserted while rotating the starting position S ₁₂ which is set in the plasticized region W _11, the metal of the plasticized region W ₁₁ toward the start position S ₁₁ while forming a plasticized region W ₁₂ plastically fluidize again moves relative to the metallic material 10. Further, the stirring pin A2 of the rotary tool A is past the start position S _11, towards the end position E ₁₂ of the tab portion 2 while forming a plasticized region W ₁₂ plastically fluidize the metal butting portion J , Move relative to the metal material 10. Then, the stirring pin A2 of the rotating tool A is extracted at the tab portion 2. This second step, the butting portion J plasticized region W ₁₂ is formed, in the second joining region R _12, a first metal member 11 and the third metal member 13 are joined.

  In FIG. 5, sectional drawing in the butt | matching part J in the process example 1 is shown. 5 is a cross-sectional view mainly showing the abutting portion J of the convex portions 11b and 13b in FIG. 1, and shows a case where the tab portions 2 and 3 are arranged on the side of the abutting portion J. FIG. (A) shows a state immediately before inserting the stirring pin of the rotary tool in the first step. (B) shows a state before the stirring pin at the end of the first step is extracted. (C) shows the state after the extraction of the stirring pin in the first step and immediately before the insertion of the stirring pin in the second step. (D) shows the state when the stirring pin at the end of the second step is extracted.

As shown in FIG. 5 (a), rotating tool A is moved relative to the upper start position S ₁₁ on the butting portion J, stirring pin A2 to rotate is inserted in the start position S _11.
Next, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), rotating tool A is the stirring pin A2 toward the end position E ₁₁ while being rotated is moved relative to the metal by plastically fluidized plasticized region W ₁₁ And the first metal member 11 (see FIG. 1 and the like) and the second metal member 13 (see FIG. 1 and the like) are joined to each other.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 5 (c), rotating tool A is withdrawn from the end position E _11, is moved relative to the upper start position S _12, inserted stirring pin A2 is the start position S ₁₂ to rotate is, the second joining region R ₁₂ is relatively moved toward the end position E _12.
Then, as shown in FIG. 5 (d), rotating tool A is to form the plasticized region W ₁₂ ends the friction stir withdrawn from the end position E ₁₂ in the butting portion J.

Thus, in the process example 1, the start position S ₁₁ of the first step is again plastically fluidized in a second step, it will be included in the plasticized region W _12. Therefore, even remained oxide film on the plasticized region W ₁₁ of the start position S ₁₁ during the first step, it is possible to divide the oxide film by the second step. Further, even if the bonding defects such as the start position S ₁₁ has occurred, to plastically fluidized again by the second step, it is possible to repair the joint defects.

[Process example 2]
Drawing 6 is a figure explaining process example 2 of a joining process in an embodiment. 6 is a plan view mainly showing the abutting portion J of the convex portions 11b and 13b of FIG. 1, and shows a case where the tab portions 2 and 3 are arranged on the side of the abutting portion J. FIG. FIG. 6A is a plan view for explaining the state of the first step. FIG. 6B is a plan view for explaining the state of the second step.

As shown in (a) of FIG. 6, in the first step, the start position S ₂₁ of the friction stir for a first joining region R ₂₁ is set as the first point in the middle of the butting portion J, and the first bonding end position E ₂₁ in the range R ₂₁ is set to the tab portion 3 of one end side of the butting portion J. That is, the first process is the same as the first process in Process Example 1. Therefore, in this first step, a plasticized region W ₂₁ is formed in the abutting portion J, and the first metal member 11 and the third metal member 13 are joined in the first joining range R ₂₁ .

Further, as shown in (b) of FIG. 6, in the second step, the start position S ₂₂ of the second joining region R ₂₂ is the tab 3 (one end side) is set to the opposite of the tab 2 (the other end) and the end position E ₂₂ of the second joining region R ₂₂ is set as the second point in the plasticized region W ₂₁ belonging to the first joining region R _21.

That is, in the second process, a start position S ₂₂ and an end position E ₂₂ different from those in the process example 1 are set. In the second step, stirring pin of the rotary tool A A2 (see FIG. 3) is inserted while rotating the starting position S ₂₂ which is set to the tab portion 2, plasticized plastically fluidize the metal butting portion J It moves relative to the metal material 10 toward the plasticizing region W ₂₁ while forming the region W ₂₂ . Further, the stirring pin A2 of the rotary tool A is toward the end position E ₂₂ set in the plasticized region W _21, relatively moves with respect to the metal material 10, again plastic flow of the plasticized region W ₂₁ It turned into to form the plasticized region _{W 22} in. Then, the stirring pin A2 of the rotary tool A is withdrawn at the end position _{E 22.} By this second step, a plasticized region W ₂₂ is formed in the abutting portion J, and the first metal member 11 and the third metal member 13 are joined in the second joining range S ₂₂ .

In addition, since the mode of the depth direction of the butt | matching part J is substantially the same as the case of the process example 1, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, the relative movement directions of the rotary tool A and the metal member 10 of a 2nd process differ. Yes. Therefore, the final withdrawal points of the stirring pin of the rotary tool A A2 (see FIG. 3), since an end portion of the plasticized region W _22, drain holes (not shown) is formed. Therefore, it is preferable to perform overlay welding or the like on the punched hole.

Thus, in the process example 2, the start position S ₂₁ of the first step is again plastically fluidized in a second step, it will be included in the plasticized region W _22. Therefore, even though remaining oxide film on the start position S ₂₁ in the first step, it is possible to divide the oxide film by the second step. Further, even if the bonding defects such as the start position S ₂₁ has occurred, to plastically fluidized again by the second step, it is possible to repair the joint defects in the first step.

[Process Example 3]
Drawing 7 is a figure explaining process example 3 of a joining process in an embodiment. 7 is a plan view mainly showing the abutting portion J of the convex portions 11b and 13b in FIG. 1, and shows a case where the tab portions 2 and 3 are arranged on the side of the abutting portion J. FIG. The top view for demonstrating the mode of a 1st process to (a) of FIG. 7 is shown. FIG. 7B is a plan view for explaining the first half of the second step. FIG. 7C is a plan view for explaining the second half of the second step.

As shown in (a) of FIG. 7, the start position S ₃₁ of the friction stir for a first joining region R ₃₁ is set as the first point in the middle of the butting portion J, and the end of the first joining region R ₃₁ A position E ₃₁ is set in the tab portion 3 on one end side of the abutting portion J. That is, the first process is the same as the first process in the first and second process examples 1 and 2, and the plasticized region W ₃₁ is formed in the first joining range R ₃₁ of the abutting portion J.

Next, as shown in (b) of FIG. 7, in the second step, first, the start position _{S 32} of the friction stir for the second joining region _{R 32} is plasticized belonging to the first joining region _{R 31} regions _{W 31} Is set as the second point (start position S ₃₁ ). Further, the end position E ₃₃ of the second joining region R ₃₂ is set to the tab portion 2. Furthermore, the return position T ₃₂ in the plasticized region W ₃₁ belonging to the first joining region R ₃₁ towards the tab portion 3 (one end side of the butting portion J) from the start position S ₃₂ is set.

Then, in the second step, the rotary tool stirring pin of A A2 (see FIG. 3), it is inserted while rotating the start position S _32, plasticized region W ₃₁ of the metal again plastically fluidized plasticized region W ₃₂ by while forming towards the folded position T _32, it moves relative to the metal member 10. Stirring pin A2 of the rotary tool A when it reaches the turning point T _32, is folded while forming a plasticized region W ₃₃ plastically fluidize the plasticized region W ₃₂ again, the metal member toward the start position S ₃₂ Move relative to 10. Further, the stirring pin A2 of the rotary tool A passes through the starting position S _32, and moved to the tab portion 2 along the butting portion J, a metal and plastic fluidized while forming a plasticized region W ₃₃ End Position E ₃₃ is reached and pulled out. Therefore, by this second step, a plasticized region W ₃₃ is formed in the abutting portion J, and the first metal member 11 and the third metal member 13 are joined in the second joining range R ₃₂ .

Thus, in the process example 3, the start position S ₃₁ of the first step is again plastically fluidized in a second step, it will be included in the plasticized region W _33. Therefore, even if the oxide film was left to the start position S ₃₁ in the first step, it is possible to divide the oxide film by the second step. Further, even if the bonding defects such as the start position S ₃₁ has occurred, to plastically fluidized again by the second step, it is possible to repair the joint defects.

[Process Example 4]
Drawing 8 is a figure explaining process example 4 of a joining process in an embodiment. 8 is a plan view mainly showing the abutting portion J of the convex portions 11b and 13b in FIG. 1, and shows a case where the tab portions 2 and 3 are arranged on the side of the abutting portion J. FIG. The top view for demonstrating the mode of a 1st process to (a) of FIG. 8 is shown. FIG. 8B is a plan view for explaining the state of the second step.

As shown in (a) of FIG. 8, in a first step, start position S ₄₁ of the friction stir for a first joining region R ₄₁ is set to the tab portion 3, and the end position E of the first joining region R _{41 41} is set as the first point in the middle of the abutting portion J. In the first step, the relative movement direction is opposite to that in the case of the process example 1. That is, in the first step, stirring pin of the rotary tool A A2 (see FIG. 3) is inserted while rotating the start position S ₄₁ of the tab portion 3, relative to the metal member 10 while plastically fluidize the metal Go to, withdrawn at the end position _{E 41.} By this first step, a plasticized region W ₄₁ is formed in the abutting portion J, and the first metal member 11 and the third metal member 13 are joined in the first joining range R ₄₁ .

As shown in FIG. 8 (b), in the second step, the second joining region R starting position S ₄₂ of the friction stir for ₄₂ second point in the plasticized region W ₄₁ belonging to the first joining region R ₄₁ It is set as, and the end position E ₄₂ of the friction stir for the second joining region R ₄₂ is set to the tab portion 2. That is, in the second step, stirring pin of the rotary tool A A2 (see FIG. 3) is inserted while rotating the start position S _42, the start position S ₄₁ while again plastically fluidize the metal plasticized region W ₄₁ It moves relative to the metal material 10. Further, the stirring pin A2 of the rotary tool A, when passing the start position S _41, the metal of the butting portion J towards the tab portion 2 while plastically fluidized, moving relative to the metal material 10, the end _Withdrawn from position E42. By this second step, a plasticized region W ₄₂ is formed in the abutting portion J, and the first metal member 11 and the third metal member 13 are joined in the second joining range R ₄₂ .

Meanwhile, after completion of the first step, since the stirring pin of the rotary tool A A2 (see FIG. 3) is withdrawn from the butting portion J, the end of the plasticized region W ₄₁ after being pulled out, the pull hole forming Has been. Therefore, before performing the second step, it is preferable to supplement the metal through a filling step of filling the drawing hole with a metal member. Hereinafter, the case where a filling process is implemented as a modification of this process example 4 is demonstrated.

  9 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to the II-II cross section of FIG. 8, showing a cross section for explaining the joining method of Process Example 4. FIG. (A) shows a state immediately before inserting the stirring pin of the rotary tool in the first step. (B) shows a state after the agitation pin is extracted at the end of the first step. (C) shows a filling step of filling a punched hole generated after the stirring pin is pulled out in the first step. (D) shows a state immediately before the stirring pin is inserted in the second step. (E) shows a state when the stirring pin is extracted at the end of the second step.

As shown in (a) of FIG. 9, in step Example 4, firstly, rotating tool A is inserted into the start position S ₄₁ which is set to the tab 3.
Next, as shown in FIG. 9 (b), rotating tool A is relatively moved toward the left end position E ₄₁ rotates the stirring pin A2, plasticized region W ₄₁ by plastically fluidize the metal Are formed to join the metal members 10 together. At this time, the stirring pin A2 is withdrawn from the end position E _41, a metal which has been plastically fluidized changes immediately to plasticized region W _41, loopholes H ₁ is formed.

As shown in (c) of FIG. 9, the loophole H _1, the metal member Z is filled. For example, the metal member Z may be filled by build-up welding. Further, by preparing substantially the same metal member and the stirring pin A2, it may be filled with the metal member to loopholes H _1. In this case, so as not to move the metal member, it is preferable to temporarily bonded to the plasticized region W ₄₁ around. This joining may be performed by welding or friction stir welding. In the case of friction stir welding, it may be temporarily fixed to the surrounding plasticized region W ₄₁ with a rotating tool (not shown) provided with a stirring pin (not shown) having a diameter smaller than that of the stirring pin A2. .

Subsequently, as shown in (d) of FIG. 9, rotating tool A is relatively moved above the start position S ₄₂ of the second step, stirring pin A2 to rotate is inserted in the start position S _42, the end position It is relatively moved toward the E _42.
Then, as shown in (e) of FIG. 9, rotating tool A is withdrawn from the end position E ₄₂ ends the friction stir. Thus, in the second joining region _{R 42,} by plasticized region _{W 42} are formed, to bond the protruding portion 11b and the convex portion 13b. That is, the 1st metal member 11 (refer FIG. 1 etc.) and the 2nd metal member 13 (refer FIG. 1 etc.) are joined.

Thus, in the process example 4, end position E ₄₁ of the first step is again plastically fluidized in a second step, will be included in the plasticized region W _42. Therefore, even though remaining oxide film on the end position E ₄₁ during the first step, it is possible to divide the oxide film by the second step. Further, even if a joint defect or the like has occurred at the end position E ₄₁ , the joint defect or the like can be repaired because plastic fluidization occurs again in the second step.

[Process Example 5]
Drawing 10 is a figure explaining process example 5 of the joining process in an embodiment. 10 is a plan view mainly showing the abutting portion J of the convex portions 11b and 13b of FIG. 1, and shows a case where the tab portions 2 and 3 are arranged on the side of the abutting portion J. FIG. FIG. 10A is a plan view for explaining the state of the first step. FIG. 10B is a plan view for explaining the first half of the second step. FIG. 10C is a plan view for explaining the latter half of the second step.

The process example 5 corresponds to a modification of the process example 3 (see FIG. 7). In Step Example 3, the first step is to set the start position S ₃₁ in the middle of the butting portion J, a case has been described to set the end position E ₃₁ to the tab portion 3, the process Example 5, Step Example 3 On the contrary, the start position S ₅₁ is set in the tab portion 3 and the end position E ₅₁ is set in the middle of the abutting portion J. In addition, since it is the same as that of the process example 3 except the 1st process shown to (a) (the 2nd process of (b) (c)), the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

Thus, in the process example 5, the end position E ₅₁ of the first step is again plastically fluidized in a second step, it will be included in the plasticized region W _33. Therefore, even though remaining oxide film end position E ₅₁ during the first step, it is possible to divide the oxide film by the second step. Further, even if the bonding defects and the like has occurred in the end position E _51, to plastically fluidized again by the second step, it is possible to repair the joint defects.

[Process Example 6]
Drawing 11 is a figure explaining process example 6 of a joining process in an embodiment. In addition, this FIG. 11 is a top view which mainly shows the location of the abutting part J of the convex parts 11b and 13b of FIG. 1, and has shown the case where the tab parts 2 and 3 are arrange | positioned to the side of the abutting part J. FIG. 11A shows a plan view for explaining the state of the first step. FIG. 11B is a plan view for explaining the state of the second step.

As shown to (a) of FIG. 11, the 1st process is the same as the 1st process of the process example 4. FIG. That is, the stirring pin A2 is carried out friction stir first joining region R ₆₁ from the start position S ₆₁ which is set to the tab portion 3 to the end position E ₆₁ set in the butting portion J, plasticized region W ₆₁ The first metal member 11 and the third metal member 13 are joined together.

As shown in FIG. 11B, the second step is the same as the second step of the process example 2.
In other words, the rotation (see FIG. 3) stirring pin A2 of the tool A, the second joining region R ₆₂ from the start position S ₆₂ which is set to the tab portion 2 to the end position E ₆₂ set within plasticized region W ₆₁ The first metal member 11 and the third metal member 13 are joined by forming the plasticized region W ₆₂ by friction stirring. In this case, as in Step Example 2, the final withdrawal points of the stirring pin A2 of the rotary tool A is, since an end portion of the plasticized region W _62, drain holes (not shown) is formed. Therefore, it is preferable to perform overlay welding or the like on the punched hole.

  If the rotary tool is moved as in each of the process examples described above, high-quality friction stir welding can be performed. In particular, high-quality friction stir welding between long metal elements can be performed without using a large apparatus.

As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment was described about this invention, this invention is not limited to each said embodiment, A design change is possible suitably in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of this invention.
For example, in the above embodiment, the case where three metal members are joined has been described, but the number of metal members joined in the joining method of the present invention is not limited.

  In this embodiment, the first bonding range is described as the right side in each drawing and the second bonding range is set as the left side in each drawing. Conversely, the first bonding range is set as the left side in the drawing, and the second bonding range is illustrated in the drawing. It may be on the right side.

  In this embodiment, the tab materials 2 and 3 are described as being disposed on the side of the abutting portion J, but the tab materials 2 and 3 may not be disposed.

  In this embodiment, although the case where the metal element was the hollow member of the 1st metal member 11, the 2nd metal member 12, and the 3rd metal member 13 was demonstrated, a plate material may be sufficient.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Metal member 11 1st metal member 12 2nd metal member 13 3rd metal member J Abutting part S Start position E End position R Joining range (1st joining range, 2nd joining range)
W Plasticization region

Claims (1)

It is a joining method in which friction stir is performed with a rotating tool at the abutting part between metal elements,
A restraining step of restraining the metal element in a non-movable manner on a support base via a jig or vise;
A first friction stir welding step for performing friction stir in a first joining range from one end side of the abutting portion to a first point provided in the middle of the abutting portion;
In the first friction stir welding step, a filling step of filling a metal member into a punched hole generated when the stirring pin of the rotary tool is pulled out from the plasticized region of the metal element;
A second friction stir is performed in the second joining range from the second point provided in the plasticizing region belonging to the first joining range generated by the first friction stirring joining step to the other end side of the abutting portion. Friction stir welding process;
Including
In the restraining step, the metal element is horizontally pressed by the vise fixed on one side of the support base and the receiving member fixed on the other side with the abutting portion interposed therebetween,
In the first friction stir welding step, a friction stirring start position for the first joining range is set on a first tab portion disposed on one side of the abutting portion between the metal elements, The end position of the first joining range is set as the first point provided in the middle of the abutting portion, and the stirring pin of the rotary tool is pulled vertically upward with respect to the surface of the metal element at the end position. Unplugged,
In the second friction stir welding step, the friction stirring start position for the second joining range is set as the second point provided in the plasticizing region belonging to the first joining range, and the second A joining method, wherein an end position of a joining range is set on a second tab portion disposed on a side on the other end side of the abutting portion opposite to the one end side.

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