JP2015109154A - Positive electrode for secondary batteries, and secondary battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a positive electrode for secondary batteries which enables the increase in the volume density of a positive electrode active material layer, and the achievement of a positive electrode of a high density.SOLUTION: A positive electrode for secondary batteries comprises: a composite positive electrode active material including a positive electrode active material and a first conductive assistant making a composite with the surface of the positive electrode active material; a second conductive assistant; and a binder. The binder has a tension modulus of 900 MPa or less. The first conductive assistant consists of scale-like graphite or graphene, and has an average particle diameter of 0.5-3 μm. The first conductive assistant making a composite is 0.3-1.0 mass% to the total mass of the composite positive electrode active material.

Description

  The present invention relates to a positive electrode for a secondary battery and a secondary battery.

  In recent years, with the downsizing of information processing apparatuses such as cellular phones and notebook personal computers (note PCs), there is a demand for higher capacity of secondary batteries used as power sources for these information processing apparatuses.

  For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a technique for improving the capacity of a lithium ion secondary battery by increasing the density of the positive electrode.

  Specifically, Patent Document 1 describes that the average particle diameters of the positive electrode active material and the conductive additive are adjusted so as to be closest packed in order to increase the density of the positive electrode mixture layer. Yes.

JP 2012-146590 A

  However, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, since the slipping property on the surface of the positive electrode active material is not sufficient, the filling state of the positive electrode cannot be improved, and the density of the positive electrode is insufficient. was there. Further, in such a positive electrode, when the flexibility of the binder is low, there is a problem that the compression moldability of the positive electrode is lowered and the density of the positive electrode is insufficient.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved positive electrode for a secondary battery capable of increasing the density of the positive electrode, and two The next battery is to provide.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, according to an aspect of the present invention, a composite positive electrode active material including a positive electrode active material and a first conductive additive composited on the surface of the positive electrode active material; A conductive auxiliary agent and a binder, and the tensile elastic modulus of the binder is 900 MPa or less, the first conductive auxiliary agent is scaly graphite or graphene, and the average of the first conductive auxiliary agent Provided is a positive electrode for a secondary battery having a particle size of 0.5 μm or more and 3 μm or less, and composited at 0.3% by mass or more and 1.0% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the composite positive electrode active material. The

  According to this viewpoint, the positive electrode for secondary batteries according to an embodiment of the present invention can be densified.

  The positive electrode active material may include a lithium-containing transition metal oxide.

  According to this viewpoint, the secondary battery using the secondary battery positive electrode according to the embodiment of the present invention can have a higher capacity.

  The binder may include at least one copolymer.

  According to this viewpoint, the positive electrode for secondary batteries according to an embodiment of the present invention can be densified.

  The binder is any selected from the group consisting of a vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, a vinylidene fluoride-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer, and a mixture of polyvinylidene fluoride and a hydrogenated acrylonitrile butadiene copolymer. It may be one.

  According to this viewpoint, the positive electrode for secondary batteries according to an embodiment of the present invention can be densified.

  Moreover, in order to solve the said subject, according to another viewpoint of this invention, a secondary battery provided with said positive electrode for secondary batteries is provided.

  According to this aspect, the secondary battery according to the embodiment of the present invention can have a higher capacity.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to increase the density of the positive electrode.

It is explanatory drawing explaining the structure of the secondary battery which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

  Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, in this specification and drawing, about the component which has the substantially same function structure, duplication description is abbreviate | omitted by attaching | subjecting the same code | symbol.

<1. Outline of Secondary Battery According to One Embodiment of the Present Invention>
First, an outline of a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  The secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention is, for example, a lithium ion secondary battery including a lithium (Li) -containing transition metal oxide as a positive electrode active material. A lithium ion secondary battery including a lithium-containing transition metal oxide as a positive electrode active material can achieve a particularly high potential and high capacity among secondary batteries.

  In such a lithium ion secondary battery, it has been studied to increase the battery capacity by increasing the density of the positive electrode. Here, the present inventor has found that the positive electrode active material layer can be increased in volume density and the positive electrode can be densified by improving the slipperiness of the positive electrode active material surface through intensive studies. It was. Moreover, this inventor discovered that the volume density of a positive electrode active material layer can be improved and the positive electrode can be densified by making the softness | flexibility of a binder high.

  The present invention has been made based on the above findings, and the positive electrode for a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention is a first conductive auxiliary compounded on the surface of a positive electrode active material and a positive electrode active material. A composite positive electrode active material containing, a second conductive auxiliary agent, and a binder having a tensile elastic modulus of 900 MPa or less.

  The first conductive aid is, for example, flaky graphite or graphene. Moreover, the average particle diameter of the 1st conductive support agent is 0.5 micrometer or more and 3 micrometers or less. By such a composite of the first conductive auxiliary agent on the surface of the positive electrode active material, the slipperiness of the surface of the positive electrode active material can be improved.

  Here, the composite means that the first conductive aid is firmly bonded to the surface of the positive electrode active material and coated. The compounding can be performed, for example, by a dry mechanochemical method, a tumbling fluidized coating method using a wet spray, a spray coat method, or a forced loading method.

  Also, by combining the first conductive auxiliary agent on the surface of the positive electrode active material, high conductivity can be obtained as compared with the case where the same amount of the first conductive auxiliary agent is simply mixed with the positive electrode active material. Can do. In general, the conductive auxiliary agent is added to ensure the conductivity of the positive electrode. However, when added in a large amount, the filling property of the positive electrode active material is lowered due to high steric hindrance and increased slip resistance. . According to the positive electrode for a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, since the amount of the second conductive auxiliary agent used can be suppressed as compared with the case of simple mixing, the steric hindrance caused by the conductive auxiliary agent and The sliding resistance can be reduced, and the filling property and volume density of the positive electrode can be improved.

  For example, in the positive electrode for a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first conductive additive is 0.3 mass% or more and 1.0 mass% or less with respect to the total mass of the composite positive electrode active material. Compounded with active material.

  Furthermore, the positive electrode for secondary batteries which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention can further improve the volume density of a positive electrode active material layer by including the binder which has a tensile elasticity modulus of 900 Mpa or less. Since the binder having a tensile modulus of 900 MPa or less has high flexibility, it can improve the compression moldability during the production of the positive electrode. Therefore, in the positive electrode for secondary batteries produced using such a binder, the filling property of the positive electrode active material is improved, and the volume density of the positive electrode active material layer can be further improved.

  As described above, according to the positive electrode for a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, the volume density of the positive electrode active material layer can be improved and the density can be increased. By using such a positive electrode for a secondary battery, the battery capacity of the secondary battery can be improved.

<2. Configuration of secondary battery>
Below, with reference to FIG. 1, the specific structure of the secondary battery 10 which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention mentioned above is demonstrated. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration of a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the secondary battery 10 is, for example, a lithium ion secondary battery using a lithium-containing transition metal composite oxide as a positive electrode active material, and includes a positive electrode 20, a negative electrode 30, and a separator layer. 40. In addition, the form of the secondary battery 10 is not specifically limited. For example, the secondary battery 10 may be any one of a cylindrical shape, a rectangular shape, a laminate shape, a button shape, and the like.

  The positive electrode 20 includes a current collector 21 and a positive electrode active material layer 22. The current collector 21 is not particularly limited, and is made of, for example, aluminum (Al).

  The positive electrode active material layer 22 includes at least a positive electrode active material, a composite positive electrode active material including a first conductive auxiliary compounded on the surface of the positive electrode active material, a second conductive auxiliary agent, and a binder. The positive electrode active material is preferably a lithium-containing transition metal oxide capable of reversibly occluding and releasing lithium. When the positive electrode active material is composed of a lithium-containing transition metal oxide, the secondary battery 10 can achieve higher capacity as a lithium ion secondary battery.

Examples of the lithium-containing transition metal oxide include Li / Co-based composite oxides such as LiCoO ₂ , Li / Ni / Co / Mn-based composite oxides such as LiNi _x Co _y Mn _z O ₂ , and LiNiO _{2 and} other Li / O ₂ · Ni-based composite oxide, Li · Mn-based composite oxide such as LiMn ₂ O ₄ and the like. The positive electrode active material can be used alone or in combination. The content of the lithium-containing transition metal oxide in the positive electrode active material layer 22 is not particularly limited as long as it is a content applied to the positive electrode active material layer of the conventional lithium ion secondary battery. Good. Moreover, in order to suppress a side reaction with the electrolyte solution at the time of a high voltage, the positive electrode active material may be obtained by subjecting each of the above materials to a surface treatment. The average agglomerated particle size of the positive electrode active material particles is preferably 10 to 30 μm from the viewpoints of safety and fillability of the positive electrode active material. The average agglomerated particle diameter of the positive electrode active material particles is a 50% integrated value (D50 value) of the diameter distribution when the secondary particles in which the primary particles of the positive electrode active material are agglomerated are considered as spheres, and laser diffraction / scattering. It can be measured by the method.

  Specifically, the first conductive additive is flaky graphite or graphene. By compounding these flaky carbon materials on the surface of the positive electrode active material as a first conductive auxiliary agent, the slidability of the positive electrode active material can be further improved.

  The first conductive additive is composited on the surface of the positive electrode active material. The composite is to coat the surface of the positive electrode active material with the first conductive aid as described above, and is performed by, for example, a dry mechanochemical method. The dry mechanochemical method is, for example, a method in which an impact force, a shear force, and a compression force are uniformly applied to individual particles of a raw material mixed powder. The compounding by the dry mechanochemical method may be performed by, for example, Nobilta manufactured by Hosokawa Micron. The compounding may be performed by a wet method, for example, a tumbling fluidized coating method by spraying, a spray coating method, a forced loading method, or the like, and other known methods can be arbitrarily applied.

  By compositing the positive electrode active material with such a first conductive additive, the slipping property of the positive electrode active material is improved, so that the filling property at the time of producing the positive electrode can be improved and the density of the positive electrode can be increased. Moreover, since the 1st conductive support agent can provide electroconductivity efficiently with respect to a composite positive electrode active material by compounding, the usage-amount of a 2nd conductive support agent is suppressed. Therefore, steric hindrance and slip resistance due to the second conductive auxiliary agent are reduced, and the positive electrode can be densified.

  For example, the addition amount of the first conductive additive according to one embodiment of the present invention is 0.3% by mass or more and 1.0% by mass or less, more preferably, based on the total mass of the composite positive electrode active material. 0.6 mass% or more and 1.0 mass% or less. As will be demonstrated in Examples described later, when the amount of the first conductive auxiliary agent is a value within these ranges, the first conductive auxiliary agent appropriately covers the surface of the positive electrode active material. The slipperiness of the positive electrode active material can be improved without hindering the movement of Li ions. Therefore, the positive electrode for a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention can improve the volume density while maintaining the battery characteristics.

  Specifically, when the amount of the first conductive additive added is 0.6% by mass or more with respect to the total mass of the composite positive electrode active material, the volume density of the positive electrode active material layer is particularly preferably improved. be able to. On the other hand, when the addition amount of the first conductive auxiliary agent is less than 0.3% by mass with respect to the total mass of the composite positive electrode active material, the first conductive auxiliary agent is small and the effect of improving the slipping property is sufficient. Therefore, the volume density of the positive electrode active material layer cannot be improved. Moreover, when the addition amount of a 1st conductive support agent exceeds 1.0 mass% with respect to the total mass of a composite positive electrode active material, the 1st conductive support agent which coat | covered the surface of a positive electrode active material is Li ion. In this case, the battery characteristics are deteriorated.

  Moreover, the average particle diameter (D50) of the 1st conductive support agent which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is 0.5 micrometer or more and 3 micrometers or less. As demonstrated in the examples described later, when the average particle diameter (D50) is a value within these ranges, the volume density of the positive electrode active material layer is improved. Specifically, when the average particle diameter (D50) of the first conductive auxiliary agent exceeds 3 μm, the effect of improving the slipperiness by the first conductive auxiliary agent is reduced, so the volume density of the positive electrode active material layer is improved. I can't let you. Moreover, when the average particle diameter (D50) of a 1st conductive support agent is less than 0.5 micrometer, since manufacture of a 1st conductive support agent becomes difficult and manufacturing cost rises, it is unpreferable.

  Here, the above average particle diameter (D50) means a particle diameter at which the integrated value is 50% in the particle diameter distribution of the diameter when the particles of the first conductive assistant are regarded as spheres. To do. In addition, the average particle diameter (D50) of the first conductive additive can be calculated by measuring the particle size distribution by a measurement method using a laser diffraction / scattering method, for example.

  Examples of the second conductive assistant include known conductive materials such as carbon black such as ketjen black and acetylene black, carbon nanotube, natural graphite, and artificial graphite. Agents can be used.

  The second conductive auxiliary agent is added in order to impart optimal conductivity to the positive electrode active material layer 22. When the positive electrode active material layer 22 includes such an independent second conductive auxiliary agent that is not combined with the positive electrode active material, the positive electrode active material layer 22 can obtain more suitable conductivity.

  Here, the total addition amount of the conductive auxiliary agent (that is, the sum of the addition amounts of the first conductive auxiliary agent and the second conductive auxiliary agent) is 0.6 mass relative to the total mass of the positive electrode active material layer 22. % Or more and 2.0% by mass or less is preferable. Specifically, when the total addition amount of the conductive auxiliary agent is less than 0.6% by mass with respect to the total mass of the positive electrode active material layer 22, the conductivity imparting effect to the positive electrode active material layer 22 by the conductive auxiliary agent. Becomes insufficient, and battery characteristics deteriorate. In addition, when the total addition amount of the conductive auxiliary exceeds 2.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of the positive electrode active material layer 22, the compression molding property of the positive electrode and the steric hindrance due to the conductive auxiliary and the increase in slip resistance are increased. Since the filling property is lowered, the density of the positive electrode is insufficient.

  The binder has a tensile modulus of 900 MPa or less, and binds the positive electrode active material and the conductive agent onto the current collector 21. The content of the binder in the positive electrode active material layer 22 is not particularly limited, and may be any content as long as it is applied to the positive electrode active material layer of the conventional lithium ion secondary battery.

  As demonstrated in the examples described later, since the binder having a tensile modulus of 900 MPa or less is high in flexibility, the compression moldability when the positive electrode is produced can be improved. Therefore, by using such a binder, the volume density of the positive electrode active material layer can be improved and the density of the positive electrode can be increased. On the other hand, when the tensile modulus of the binder exceeds 900 MPa, the flexibility of the binder is low, and the compression moldability when the positive electrode is produced decreases, so the volume density of the positive electrode active material layer decreases, and the positive electrode has a higher density. Becomes insufficient. Here, the lower limit value of the tensile modulus of the binder according to the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 300 MPa.

  Note that the tensile modulus of the binder can be measured, for example, by a tensile test of ASTM D638.

  Further, the binder may include at least one copolymer. According to this structure, since the tensile elasticity modulus of a binder will be 900 Mpa or less, it is more preferable. Further, in order to make the tensile elastic modulus 900 MPa or less, the binder preferably contains at least one copolymer other than polyvinylidene fluoride.

  Binders such as those mentioned above include, for example, vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer, and polyvinylidene fluoride and hydrogenated acrylonitrile. Examples thereof include a mixture with a butadiene (hydrogenated acrylonitrile-butadiene) copolymer. Among these, vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer can be more suitably used because it hardly swells in an electrolytic solution or the like and has high oxidation resistance.

  Note that the positive electrode active material layer 22 is, for example, a composite compounded with an appropriate organic solvent (for example, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) with the above-described first conductive additive. The slurry can be formed by applying a slurry in which the active cathode active material, the second conductive auxiliary agent, and the binder are dispersed onto the current collector 21, drying, and rolling.

The negative electrode 30 includes a current collector 31 and a negative electrode active material layer 32. The current collector 31 is made of, for example, copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), or the like. Here, as long as the negative electrode active material layer 32 is used as a negative electrode active material layer of a lithium ion secondary battery, what kind of thing may be sufficient as it. For example, the negative electrode active material layer 32 includes a negative electrode active material and may further include a binder. Examples of the negative electrode active material include graphite active materials (artificial graphite, natural graphite, a mixture of artificial graphite and natural graphite, natural graphite coated with artificial graphite, etc.), silicon (Si), tin (Sn), or oxides thereof. A mixture of fine particles of graphite and a graphite active material, fine particles of silicon or tin, alloys based on silicon or tin, and titanium oxide (TiO _x ) compounds such as Li ₄ Ti ₅ O ₁₂ can be used. . Note that the oxide of silicon is represented by SiO _x (0 ≦ x ≦ 2). In addition to these, for example, metallic lithium can be used as the negative electrode active material. The binder is not particularly limited, and a known binder can be used, and the same binder as that used for the positive electrode may be used. In addition, the mass ratio between the negative electrode active material and the binder is not particularly limited, and the mass ratio employed in the conventional lithium ion secondary battery is also applicable in the present invention.

Separator layer 40 includes a separator and an electrolytic solution. The separator is not particularly limited, and any separator can be used as long as it is used as a separator for a lithium ion secondary battery. As the separator, it is preferable to use a porous film or a non-woven fabric exhibiting excellent high rate discharge performance alone or in combination. The separator may be coated with an inorganic material such as Al ₂ O ₃ , Mg (OH) ₂ , or SiO ₂ . Examples of the material constituting the separator include, for example, polyolefin resins represented by polyethylene, polypropylene, and the like, polyethylene terephthalate, and polybutylene terephthalate. Polyester resin, polyvinylidene fluoride, vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-perfluorovinylether (perfluorovinylether) Polymer, vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-fluoroethylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoroacetone (Hexafluoroacetone) copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-ethylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-propylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-trifluoropropylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-tetra Fluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-ethylene-tetra It can be used Ruoroechiren copolymer. The porosity of the separator is not particularly limited, and the porosity of the separator of the lithium ion secondary battery can be arbitrarily applied.

  As the electrolytic solution, the same non-aqueous electrolytic solution conventionally used for lithium secondary batteries can be used without any particular limitation. Here, the electrolytic solution has a composition in which an electrolyte salt is contained in a non-aqueous solvent. Examples of the non-aqueous solvent include propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, chloroethylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate (vinyl carbonate), and the like. ); Cyclic esters such as γ-butyrolactone and γ-valerolactone; dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate linear carbonates such as ethyl carbonate; chain esters such as methyl formate, methyl acetate, methyl butyrate; tetrahydrofuran or its derivatives; 3-dioxane (1,3-dioxane), 1,4-dioxane (1,4-dioxane), 1,2-dimethoxyethane (1,2-dioxyethane), 1,4-dibutoxyethane (1,4- ethers such as dibutoxyether and methyldiglyme; acetonitrile, benzonitrile (ben) nitriles such as zontrile; dioxolane or derivatives thereof; ethylene sulfide, sulfolane, sultone, or derivatives thereof alone, or a mixture of two or more thereof However, the present invention is not limited to these.

Examples of the electrolyte salt include LiClO ₄ , LiBF ₄ , LiAsF ₆ , LiPF ₆ , LiSCN, LiBr, LiI, Li ₂ SO ₄ , Li ₂ B ₁₀ Cl ₁₀ , NaClO ₄ , NaI, NaSCN, NaBr, KClO _4. , Inorganic ion salts containing one of lithium (Li), sodium (Na) or potassium (K), such as KSCN, LiCF ₃ SO ₃ , LiN (CF ₃ SO ₂ ) ₂ , LiN (C ₂ F ₅ SO ₂ ) ₂ , LiN (CF ₃ SO ₂ ) (C ₄ F ₉ SO ₂ ), LiC (CF ₃ SO ₂ ) ₃ , LiC (C ₂ F ₅ SO ₂ ) ₃ , (CH ₃ ) ₄ NBF ₄ , (CH ₃ ) ₄ NBr, (C ₂ H ₅ ) ₄ NClO ₄ , (C ₂ H ₅ ) ₄ NI, (C ₃ H ₇ ) ₄ NBr, (n-C ₄ H ₉ ) ₄ NC _{lO 4, (n-C 4} H 9) 4 NI, (C 2 H 5) 4 N-maleate, (C 2 H 5) 4 N-benzoate, (C 2 H 5) 4 N-phtalate, stearyl acid Organic ion salts such as lithium (lithium stearyl sulfate), lithium octyl sulfonate (lithium octyl sulfate), lithium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (lithium dodecylbenzene sulfate), and the like can be used. These ionic compounds can be used alone or in admixture of two or more. Further, the concentration of the electrolyte salt may be the same as that of the nonaqueous electrolytic solution used in the conventional lithium secondary battery, and is not particularly limited. In the present invention, an electrolytic solution containing an appropriate lithium compound (electrolyte salt) at a concentration of about 0.5 to 2.0 mol / L can be used.

<3. Manufacturing method of secondary battery>
Next, a method for manufacturing the secondary battery 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. In addition, in the secondary battery 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, except that the composite positive electrode active material in which the above-described first conductive auxiliary agent is combined, the second conductive auxiliary agent, and a binder are used, The secondary battery 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention can be manufactured using a manufacturing method similar to that of a conventional lithium ion secondary battery. In addition, the manufacturing method of the secondary battery 10 which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is as follows schematically.

  The positive electrode 20 is produced as follows. First, a composite positive electrode active material is obtained by combining a positive electrode active material and a first conductive additive in a dry manner using Nobilta (manufactured by Hosokawa Micron). Next, a mixed positive electrode active material obtained by compounding the first conductive auxiliary agent, the second conductive auxiliary agent, and a binder mixed at a desired ratio is mixed with an organic solvent (for example, N-methyl-2- A slurry is formed by dispersing in pyrrolidone).

  Furthermore, the positive electrode active material layer 22 is formed by forming a slurry on the current collector 21 (for example, coating), drying and rolling. The coating method is not particularly limited. For example, a doctor blade method, a slot die method, a knife coater method, a gravure coater method, or the like is used. Also good. The following coating steps are also performed by the same method. Thereby, the positive electrode 20 is produced. Here, the thickness of the positive electrode active material layer 22 is not particularly limited as long as the positive electrode active material layer of the lithium ion secondary battery has a thickness.

  The negative electrode 30 is produced as follows. A slurry is formed by dispersing a mixture of a negative electrode active material and a binder in a desired ratio in a solvent (for example, water). Next, the negative electrode active material layer 32 is formed by forming a slurry on the current collector 31 (for example, coating), drying and rolling. Thereby, the negative electrode 30 is produced. Here, the thickness of the negative electrode active material layer 32 is not particularly limited as long as the negative electrode active material layer of the lithium ion secondary battery has a thickness. Further, when metal lithium is used for the negative electrode active material layer 32, a metal lithium foil may be stacked on the current collector 31.

  Subsequently, the separator 40 is sandwiched between the positive electrode 20 and the negative electrode 30 to produce an electrode structure. Next, the electrode structure is processed into a desired shape (for example, a cylindrical shape, a square shape, a laminate shape, a button shape, etc.) and inserted into a container of the shape. Furthermore, by injecting an electrolytic solution having a desired composition into the container, each of the voids in the positive electrode 20, the negative electrode 30, and the separator 40 is impregnated with the electrolytic solution, and then sealed. Thereby, the secondary battery 10 is produced.

  Below, the Example which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is described.

(Preparation of positive electrode for secondary battery)
First, a positive electrode for a secondary battery according to Example 1 was produced by the following method.

To LiCoO ₂ as the positive electrode active material, 0.6% by mass of scaly graphite as the first conductive auxiliary agent is added with respect to the total mass of the composite positive electrode active material, and Nobilta Nob-mini (Hosokawa Micron) is added. The composite positive electrode active material was prepared by dry compounding. The load power at this time was 500 W, and the composite treatment was performed for 5 minutes. Here, the average particle diameter of the first conductive additive was 3 μm, and the particle distribution was measured by a laser diffraction / scattering particle size analyzer MT3000 (manufactured by Microtrac). In addition, an average particle diameter is D50 value of the measured particle distribution.

  Next, the prepared composite positive electrode active material, carbon black as the second conductive auxiliary agent, and vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene (VdF / TFE) copolymer having a tensile modulus of 700 MPa are mixed, and An appropriate amount of an N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) solution as a solvent was added, mixed and dispersed to prepare a slurry. The tensile modulus of the VdF / TFE copolymer was measured with a universal testing machine Autograph AGS-X (manufactured by SHIMADZU) according to ASTM D638.

  Here, the amount of carbon black added is such that the total mass of the conductive additive (the sum of the masses of flake graphite and carbon black) is 1.2 mass% with respect to the total mass of the positive electrode active material mixture. Were determined. Moreover, the binder was mixed at 1.2 mass% with respect to the total mass of the positive electrode active material mixture.

Next, the prepared slurry was applied to a current collector made of aluminum foil having a thickness of 12 μm so that the area density of the solid mixture was 25 mg / cm ² and dried to prepare a positive electrode.

  Moreover, the positive electrode for secondary batteries which concerns on Examples 2-9 and Comparative Examples 1-10 was produced by the method similar to said Example 1. FIG. Here, Examples 2 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 10 are different from Example 1 in that the type, average particle diameter, and addition amount of the first conductive assistant combined, and the second conductive assistant. This was made by changing each of the above-mentioned types, the total addition amount of the conductive assistant, the type of the binder and the tensile elastic modulus. In addition, about each condition of Examples 2-9 and Comparative Examples 1-10, it shows together with an evaluation result in Table 1 mentioned later.

  About the positive electrode for secondary batteries which concerns on Examples 1-9 produced above and Comparative Examples 1-10, the volume density of the positive electrode active material layer was measured. Specifically, the thickness of the positive electrode active material layer and the weight per unit area when pressed with a roll press with a load of 5 t were measured, and the volume density was calculated. The measurement results will be described later in Table 1.

(Production of secondary battery)
Furthermore, the secondary battery was produced with the following method using the positive electrode for secondary batteries which concerns on Examples 1-9 produced above and Comparative Examples 1-10.

  First, graphite, which is a negative electrode active material, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), which is a binder, and an aqueous solution of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), which is a thickener, are mixed with a negative electrode active material and a binder using water as a solvent. It prepared so that mass ratio with a sticky agent solid content might be set to 98: 1: 1. Moreover, the negative electrode slurry was produced by kneading and dispersing these. Next, this negative electrode slurry was applied to a 6 μm-thick negative electrode current collector made of copper foil, dried and rolled to obtain a negative electrode.

  Subsequently, the positive electrode and the negative electrode described above were cut into a predetermined size, and a current collecting tab (tab) with a sealant was welded to a metal foil as a current collector. Next, an electrode structure was fabricated by sandwiching a separator made of polyolefin-based microporous membrane ND314 (manufactured by ASAHI KASEI E-Materials) between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. This electrode structure is inserted into a laminate container composed of a laminate of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and aluminum, and the current collecting tab protrudes outside from the opening, and then the laminate is coated at the sealant portion of the current collecting tab. The body was heat sealed.

In a solvent in which ethylene carbonate (EC) and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) are mixed at a volume ratio of 3: 7, lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF ₆ ) is dissolved to a concentration of 1.3 mol / L, A LiPF ₆ solution was prepared. Next, 10 parts by mass of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) was mixed with 90 parts by mass of the LiPF ₆ solution to prepare an electrolytic solution. The prepared electrolytic solution was injected from the opening of the laminate outer package in which the electrode structure was inserted, and then the opening of the outer package was sealed under reduced pressure. This produced the lithium ion secondary battery.

  Furthermore, the cycle characteristics of the secondary batteries according to Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 10 manufactured by the method described above were measured. Specifically, a cycle test was conducted at the following charge / discharge rate (rate) and cut-off voltage.

  First, in the first cycle, CC-CV charge (constant current constant voltage charge) is performed at 0.1 C until the voltage reaches 4.4 V, and CC discharge (at 0.1 C until the voltage reaches 2.75 V ( Constant current discharge). Next, in the second cycle, CC-CV charge was performed at 0.2 C until the voltage reached 4.4 V, and CC discharge was performed at 0.2 C until the voltage reached 2.75 V. Further, in the third and subsequent cycles, CC-CV charge was performed at 1.0 C until the voltage reached 4.4 V, and a constant current discharge cycle was repeated at 1.0 C until the voltage reached 2.75 V. . A numerical value obtained by dividing the discharge capacity at the 300th cycle by the discharge capacity at the third cycle was defined as the capacity retention rate.

(Evaluation results)
Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the volume density of the positive electrode active material layers of the positive electrodes for secondary batteries according to Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 10 and the capacity retention rate of the secondary batteries measured above.

  Here, in Table 1, “-” represents that the corresponding first conductive additive was not added, “CB” represents carbon black, and “VdF / TFE copolymer” represents “ "PVdF + H-NBR" represents "mixture of polyvinylidene fluoride and hydrogenated acrylonitrile butadiene copolymer", and "VdF / CTFE copolymer" represents "vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer" It represents “vinylidene fluoride-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer”, and “PVdF” represents “polyvinylidene fluoride”.

  The “VdF / TFE copolymers 1 to 3” have different tensile elastic moduli by changing the polymerization ratio of vinylidene fluoride and tetrafluoroethylene. Specifically, the tensile modulus decreases as the polymerization ratio of tetrafluoroethylene increases. For example, “VdF / TFE copolymer 3” has a higher polymerization ratio of tetrafluoroethylene than “VdF / TFE copolymer 1”.

  Moreover, in Table 1, the addition amount of the 1st conductive support agent shows by the ratio with respect to the total mass of a composite positive electrode active material, and the total addition amount of a conductive support agent (1st and 2nd conductive support agent) is It was expressed as a ratio to the total mass of the positive electrode active material layer.

  Referring to Table 1, Examples 1 to 9 can improve the volume density of the positive electrode active material layer without lowering the capacity retention rate as compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 10.

  Specifically, when Examples 3 and 5 are compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 4, in Examples 3 and 5, scaly graphite or graphene, which is the first conductive auxiliary agent, is combined with the positive electrode active material. This shows that the volume density of the positive electrode active material layer is improved. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 1 to 4, since the positive electrode active material is not compounded by the first conductive additive, the volume density of the positive electrode active material layer is reduced.

  Moreover, when Examples 1 and 4 are compared with Comparative Example 5, Examples 1 and 4 have the average particle diameter of the first conductive additive within the range according to one embodiment of the present invention. Further, it can be seen that the volume density of the positive electrode active material layer is improved. On the other hand, since the average particle diameter of the 1st conductive support agent exceeds 3 micrometers in the comparative example 5, the volume density of a positive electrode active material layer is falling.

  Moreover, when Examples 2-4 are compared with Comparative Examples 6 and 7, Examples 2-4 have the addition amount of a 1st conductive support agent in the range which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. For this reason, it can be seen that the volume density of the positive electrode active material layer is improved without lowering the capacity retention rate. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 6, the volume density of the positive electrode active material layer is reduced because the amount of the first conductive auxiliary agent added is less than 0.3% by mass. Moreover, since the addition amount of a 1st conductive support agent exceeds 1.0 mass%, the capacity retention rate is falling in the comparative example 7.

  Moreover, when Example 3 is compared with Comparative Examples 9 and 10, Example 3 has a capacity retention ratio because the total amount of the conductive additive is within the range according to one embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen that the volume density of the positive electrode active material layer is improved without lowering. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 9, since the total amount of the conductive additive exceeds 2.0 mass%, the volume density of the positive electrode active material layer is lowered. Moreover, since the total addition amount of a conductive support agent is less than 0.6 mass% in the comparative example 10, the capacity | capacitance maintenance factor is falling.

  Furthermore, when Examples 3 and 6-9 are compared with Comparative Example 8, Examples 3 and 6-9 are because the tensile modulus of the binder is within the range according to one embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen that the volume density of the positive electrode active material layer is improved. Further, when Examples 7 to 9 are compared, in one embodiment of the present invention, as a binder, vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer, and polyvinylidene fluoride and hydrogen are used. It can be seen that a mixture with the acrylonitrile butadiene copolymer can be suitably used. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 8, since the tensile modulus of the binder exceeds 900 MPa, the volume density of the positive electrode active material layer is lowered.

  As can be seen from the above evaluation results, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the composite positive electrode active material including the positive electrode active material and the first conductive additive composited on the surface of the positive electrode active material; The binder has a tensile elastic modulus of 900 MPa or less, the first conductive assistant is scaly graphite or graphene, and the average particle diameter of the first conductive assistant is Is 0.5 μm or more and 3 μm or less, and is composited at 0.3% by mass or more and 1.0% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the composite positive electrode active material. It is possible to increase the density and further increase the capacity of the secondary battery.

  According to one embodiment of the present invention, when a lithium-containing transition metal oxide is used as the positive electrode active material, the capacity of the secondary battery can be further increased.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to such examples. It is obvious that a person having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains can come up with various changes or modifications within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims. Of course, it is understood that these also belong to the technical scope of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Secondary battery 20 Positive electrode 21 Current collector 22 Positive electrode active material layer 30 Negative electrode 31 Current collector 32 Negative electrode active material layer 40 Separator layer

Claims (5)

A composite positive electrode active material including a positive electrode active material and a first conductive auxiliary compounded on the surface of the positive electrode active material; a second conductive auxiliary agent; and a binder,
The tensile modulus of the binder is 900 MPa or less,
The first conductive auxiliary agent is flaky graphite or graphene, the average particle size of the first conductive auxiliary agent is 0.5 μm or more and 3 μm or less, and relative to the total mass of the composite positive electrode active material A positive electrode for a secondary battery that is compounded in an amount of 0.3% by mass or more and 1.0% by mass or less.   The positive electrode for a secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode active material includes a lithium-containing transition metal oxide.   The positive electrode for a secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the binder contains at least one copolymer.   The binder is any selected from the group consisting of a vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, a vinylidene fluoride-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer, and a mixture of polyvinylidene fluoride and a hydrogenated acrylonitrile butadiene copolymer. The positive electrode for a secondary battery according to claim 3, wherein the number is one. A secondary battery provided with the positive electrode for secondary batteries as described in any one of Claims 1-4.

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