JP2015107665A - Bogie - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP2015107665A
JP2015107665A JP2013249984A JP2013249984A JP2015107665A JP 2015107665 A JP2015107665 A JP 2015107665A JP 2013249984 A JP2013249984 A JP 2013249984A JP 2013249984 A JP2013249984 A JP 2013249984A JP 2015107665 A JP2015107665 A JP 2015107665A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
wheel
caster
traveling direction
carriage
traveling
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Granted
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JP2013249984A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP6102706B2 (en
Inventor
祐希 山下
Takashi Yamashita
祐希 山下
啓一 神谷
Keiichi Kamiya
啓一 神谷
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Toyota Auto Body Co Ltd
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Toyota Auto Body Co Ltd
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Application filed by Toyota Auto Body Co Ltd filed Critical Toyota Auto Body Co Ltd
Priority to JP2013249984A priority Critical patent/JP6102706B2/en
Priority to CN201480021415.5A priority patent/CN105121252B/en
Priority to PCT/JP2014/070868 priority patent/WO2015083398A1/en
Publication of JP2015107665A publication Critical patent/JP2015107665A/en
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Publication of JP6102706B2 publication Critical patent/JP6102706B2/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B33/00—Castors in general; Anti-clogging castors
    • B60B33/006—Castors in general; Anti-clogging castors characterised by details of the swivel mechanism
    • B60B33/0065—Castors in general; Anti-clogging castors characterised by details of the swivel mechanism characterised by details of the swivel axis
    • B60B33/0071—Castors in general; Anti-clogging castors characterised by details of the swivel mechanism characterised by details of the swivel axis the swivel axis being inclined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B3/00—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor
    • B62B3/008—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor having more than two axes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B2207/00—Joining hand-propelled vehicles or sledges together
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B2301/00—Wheel arrangements; Steering; Stability; Wheel suspension
    • B62B2301/04—Wheel arrangements; Steering; Stability; Wheel suspension comprising a wheel pivotable about a substantially vertical axis, e.g. swivelling castors
    • B62B2301/044—Wheel arrangements; Steering; Stability; Wheel suspension comprising a wheel pivotable about a substantially vertical axis, e.g. swivelling castors arranged remote from the longitudinal centreline of the hand propelled vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B2301/00—Wheel arrangements; Steering; Stability; Wheel suspension
    • B62B2301/04—Wheel arrangements; Steering; Stability; Wheel suspension comprising a wheel pivotable about a substantially vertical axis, e.g. swivelling castors
    • B62B2301/046—Wheel arrangements; Steering; Stability; Wheel suspension comprising a wheel pivotable about a substantially vertical axis, e.g. swivelling castors with means restricting the rotation about that axis
    • B62B2301/0465—Wheel arrangements; Steering; Stability; Wheel suspension comprising a wheel pivotable about a substantially vertical axis, e.g. swivelling castors with means restricting the rotation about that axis by urging the wheel into a position, e.g. into a straight forward position
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B2301/00—Wheel arrangements; Steering; Stability; Wheel suspension
    • B62B2301/05—Details of the attachment of the wheel assembly to the chassis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B2301/00—Wheel arrangements; Steering; Stability; Wheel suspension
    • B62B2301/08—Wheel arrangements; Steering; Stability; Wheel suspension comprising additional wheels to increase stability
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B2301/00—Wheel arrangements; Steering; Stability; Wheel suspension
    • B62B2301/10—Adjusting the position of the wheel axles to increase stability

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To avoid the deterioration of usability even if an advance direction of a bogie is inverted in a fore-and-aft direction.SOLUTION: In a bogie 10, a load-carrying platform 11 is supported by at least one fixed caster 15 and a plurality of free casters 14. The free casters 14 are arranged at a front side of the load-carrying platform 11 in an advance direction and a rear side in the advance direction. When the bogie 10 advances, a wheel center 146 of a wheel pedestal 142 of the free caster 14 arranged at the front side in the advance direction is moved downwardly, a grounding point 145 of a wheel 141 with respect to a traveling face is brought into a low state lower than a grounding point 155 of a wheel 151 of the fixed caster 15, the wheel center 146 of the wheel pedestal 142 of the free caster 14 arranged at the rear side in the advance direction is moved upwardly, and the grounding point 145 of the wheel 141 with respect to the traveling face is brought into a high state higher than the grounding point 155 of the wheel 151 of the fixed caster 15.

Description

本発明は、荷台部が固定キャスタと自在キャスタとにより支持されている台車に関する。   The present invention relates to a cart in which a loading platform is supported by a fixed caster and a free caster.

従来の台車に関する技術が特許文献１に記載されている。
従来の牽引台車１００（以下、台車という）は、図１０に示すように、荷台部１０３の進行方向前側に自在キャスタ１０６を取付けることで、カーブ走行ができるように構成されており、進行方向後側に固定キャスタ１０７を設けることで、直進性を高めるように構成されている。しかし、上記構造では、台車１００をバック移動（後進）させようとすると、進行方向前側に固定キャスタ１０７が位置することになり、カーブ走行ができなくなるという問題がある。
この点を改善するため、特許文献１に記載の台車は、荷台部の中央位置に自在キャスタを設け、バック移動させようとするときに、作業者が荷台部の後端部を引き上げて固定キャスタを浮いた状態にすることで、カーブ走行を可能にしている。 A technique related to a conventional carriage is described in Patent Document 1.
As shown in FIG. 10, the conventional tow cart 100 (hereinafter referred to as “cart”) is configured to be able to travel in a curve by attaching a free caster 106 to the front side of the loading platform 103 in the traveling direction. By providing a fixed caster 107 on the side, it is configured to improve straightness. However, in the above structure, when the carriage 100 is moved back (reversed), the fixed caster 107 is positioned on the front side in the traveling direction, and there is a problem that the vehicle cannot travel in a curve.
In order to improve this point, the cart described in Patent Document 1 is provided with a free caster at the center position of the loading platform, and when trying to move back, the operator pulls up the rear end of the loading platform to fix the caster. The car is allowed to run in a curved line by making it float.

特開２００４−９９００３JP2004-99003

しかし、特許文献１の方法では、台車を後進させようとするときに作業者が荷台部の後端部を引き上げて固定キャスタを浮いた状態にする必要があるため、使い勝手が良くないという問題点があった。   However, in the method of Patent Document 1, since it is necessary for an operator to pull up the rear end portion of the loading platform and to float the fixed caster when trying to move the cart backward, it is not easy to use. was there.

本発明は上記問題点を解決するためになされたものであり、本発明の技術的な課題は、台車の進行方向を前後逆転させた場合でも、使い勝手が悪くならないようにすることである。   The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and a technical problem of the present invention is to prevent usability from being deteriorated even when the traveling direction of the carriage is reversed in the forward and backward directions.

上記した課題は、次の発明によって解決される。
請求項１の発明は、荷台部が少なくとも１つの固定キャスタと複数の自在キャスタとにより支持されている台車であって、前記自在キャスタは、前記荷台部の進行方向前側と進行方向後側とにそれぞれ設けられており、前記台車が進行する際に、進行方向前側に設けられた自在キャスタの車輪架台の車輪中心が下方に移動して、走行面に対する車輪の接地点が少なくとも最も低い接地点を有する固定キャスタの車輪の接地点よりも低い状態になり、進行方向後側に設けられた自在キャスタの車輪架台の車輪中心が上方に移動して、走行面に対する車輪の接地点が少なくとも最も低い接地点を有する固定キャスタの車輪の接地点よりも高い状態になり、台車の走行時に、台車の進行方向前側は自在キャスタが走行面と接地し、進行方向後側は固定キャスタが走行面と接地するように構成されていることを特徴とする。 The above problems are solved by the following invention.
The invention according to claim 1 is a cart in which the cargo bed portion is supported by at least one fixed caster and a plurality of free casters, and the universal caster is provided on the front side in the traveling direction and the rear side in the traveling direction of the cargo bed portion. When the carriage travels, the center of the wheel base of the free caster provided on the front side of the traveling direction moves downward, and the grounding point of the wheel with respect to the traveling surface is at least the lowest grounding point. The wheel center of the wheel caster of the free caster provided on the rear side in the traveling direction moves upward, and the ground contact point of the wheel with respect to the running surface is at least the lowest contact point. When the vehicle is traveling, the free caster is in contact with the traveling surface and the rear side of the traveling direction is fixed. Casters, characterized in that it is configured to contact with a running surface.

本発明によると、前記台車が進行する際に、進行方向前側に設けられた自在キャスタの車輪の走行面に対する接地点が固定キャスタの車輪の接地点よりも低い状態になり、進行方向後側に設けられた自在キャスタの車輪の走行面に対する接地点が固定キャスタの車輪の接地点よりも高い状態になる。このため、どちらの方向に台車を進行させたとしても、常に、進行方向前側では自在キャスタが接地している状態となり、進行方向後側では固定キャスタが接地している状態にすることができる。これにより、台車の前進時、後進時の両方でカーブ走行ができるようになり、台車の使い勝手が良くなる。   According to the present invention, when the carriage travels, the grounding point with respect to the traveling surface of the wheel of the free caster wheel provided on the front side in the traveling direction becomes lower than the grounding point of the wheel of the fixed caster, and the rear side in the traveling direction. The grounding point with respect to the traveling surface of the wheel of the provided free caster becomes higher than the grounding point of the wheel of the fixed caster. Therefore, regardless of which direction the carriage is advanced, the universal caster is always in contact with the front side in the traveling direction, and the fixed caster is in contact with the rear side in the traveling direction. As a result, the vehicle can travel in a curve both when the cart is moving forward and when the cart is moving backward, and the ease of use of the cart is improved.

請求項２の発明によると、自在キャスタは、車輪架台の向きを変える際の回転中心となる回転中心軸を備え、前記回転中心軸が設けられた車輪架台の上面が、荷台部に設けられた進行方向に対して傾斜する傾斜面に面接触して、前記回転中心軸が前記傾斜面に直角に通されており、台車が進行する際に、進行方向前側の自在キャスタの車輪が路面からの摩擦力を受けて車輪架台が向きを変える際、前記車輪架台が回転中心軸を中心に回転して傾斜面の働きで姿勢が変わることで、前記車輪中心が下方に移動する構成であることを特徴とする。
即ち、自在キャスタの車輪架台が回転して姿勢を変えることにより、車輪中心が下方に移動する構成であるため、構造が簡単で信頼性が高い。また、特別な駆動源も不要になるため、コストが高くならない。 According to the invention of claim 2, the universal caster includes a rotation center shaft serving as a rotation center when the direction of the wheel mount is changed, and the upper surface of the wheel mount provided with the rotation center shaft is provided in the loading platform. The rotation center axis is passed at right angles to the inclined surface in surface contact with the inclined surface inclined with respect to the traveling direction, and the wheel of the free caster on the front side in the traveling direction moves from the road surface when the carriage travels. When the wheel cradle changes its direction upon receiving a frictional force, the wheel cradle rotates around the rotation center axis, and the posture is changed by the action of the inclined surface, so that the wheel centroid moves downward. Features.
That is, since the wheel center of the universal caster rotates and changes its posture, the center of the wheel moves downward, so the structure is simple and the reliability is high. In addition, no special drive source is required, so the cost does not increase.

請求項３の発明によると、台車が進行する際に、進行方向後側の自在キャスタの車輪が路面からの摩擦力を受けて車輪架台が向きを変える際、前記車輪架台が回転中心軸を中心に回転して傾斜面の働きで姿勢が変わることで、前記車輪中心が上方に移動する構成であることを特徴とする。   According to the invention of claim 3, when the carriage advances, when the wheel of the free caster on the rear side in the traveling direction receives the frictional force from the road surface and changes the direction of the wheel base, the wheel base is centered on the rotation center axis. The wheel center is moved upward by changing the posture by the action of the inclined surface.

請求項４の発明によると、荷台部には、台車を進行方向に複数台連結するための連結部が設けられており、自在キャスタは、固定キャスタを進行方向前後から挟むように配置されていることを特徴とする。
このため、先頭の台車がカーブするように進行したときに、後続の台車は荷台部の進行方向端部の位置で舵が切れるようになる。これにより、先頭の台車と後続の台車との間でカーブ走行時に生じる内輪差を小さくすることができる。 According to the invention of claim 4, the loading platform is provided with a coupling portion for coupling a plurality of carts in the traveling direction, and the universal caster is arranged so as to sandwich the fixed caster from the front and rear in the traveling direction. It is characterized by that.
For this reason, when the leading carriage travels so as to curve, the following carriage is steered at the position of the end portion in the traveling direction of the loading platform. Thereby, the inner ring | wheel difference which arises at the time of curve driving | running | working between a head trolley | bogie and a succeeding trolley | bogie can be made small.

請求項５の発明によると、固定キャスタは、進行方向に沿って複数並んだ状態で取付けられており、進行方向前側の自在キャスタと、進行方向後側の固定キャスタとが接地するように構成されていることを特徴とする。
このため、荷台部にかかる荷重を進行方向前後に広い面積で支持できるようになる。 According to the invention of claim 5, a plurality of fixed casters are attached in a line along the traveling direction, and are configured such that the free caster on the front side in the traveling direction and the fixed caster on the rear side in the traveling direction are grounded. It is characterized by.
For this reason, the load applied to the loading platform can be supported in a wide area before and after the traveling direction.

請求項６の発明によると、荷台部には、進行方向にスライド移動できるように構成されたスライド部品が設けられて、そのスライド部品に固定キャスタが取付けられており、台車が進行する際に、前記スライド部品は進行方向後側にスライド移動するように構成されていることを特徴とする。
このため、固定キャスタの数を減らした構造において、荷台部にかかる荷重を進行方向前後に広い面積で支持できるようになる。 According to the invention of claim 6, the loading part is provided with a sliding part configured to be slidable in the traveling direction, and a fixed caster is attached to the sliding part, and when the carriage advances, The slide part is configured to slide to the rear side in the traveling direction.
For this reason, in the structure in which the number of fixed casters is reduced, the load applied to the loading platform can be supported in a wide area before and after the traveling direction.

本発明によると、台車の進行方向を前後逆転させた場合でも、使い勝手が悪くならないようになる。   According to the present invention, even when the traveling direction of the carriage is reversed back and forth, the usability is not deteriorated.

本発明の実施形態１に係る台車の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the trolley | bogie which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. 前記台車の平面図である。It is a top view of the cart. 前記台車の側面図である。It is a side view of the said trolley | bogie. 前記台車が前進している時の後面図である。It is a rear view when the said trolley is moving forward. 前記台車が前進する状態を表す模式図である。It is a mimetic diagram showing the state where the cart advances. 前記台車がバックする状態を表す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram showing the state which the said cart backs. 本発明の実施形態２に係る台車の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the trolley | bogie which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. 前記台車が前進する状態を表す模式図である。It is a mimetic diagram showing the state where the cart advances. 前記台車がバックする状態を表す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram showing the state which the said cart backs. 従来の台車を表す斜視図である。It is a perspective view showing the conventional trolley | bogie.

［実施形態１］
以下、図１〜図６に基づいて、本発明の実施形態１に係る台車１０の説明を行う。本実施形態に係る台車１０は、自動車等を構成する部品を荷台部１１に載置し、進行方向に複数台連結された状態で図示しない牽引車両によって牽引されることで進行するいわゆる部品台車である。
なお、図中の前後左右及び上下は、台車１０の進行方向の一方を前方と定義し、その反対方向を後方と定義した場合の、前後左右及び上下に対応している。 [Embodiment 1]
Hereinafter, based on FIGS. 1-6, the trolley | bogie 10 which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention is demonstrated. The cart 10 according to the present embodiment is a so-called component cart that travels by being pulled by a towing vehicle (not shown) in a state where a plurality of components constituting an automobile or the like are placed on the loading platform 11 and connected in a traveling direction. is there.
In addition, front and rear, right and left and up and down in the figure correspond to front and rear, right and left and up and down when one of the traveling directions of the carriage 10 is defined as the front and the opposite direction is defined as the rear.

＜実施形態１における台車１０の概要＞
本実施形態に係る台車１０は、図１〜図３に示すように、重量物を載置できるように構成されている荷台部１１と、前記荷台部１１の下面に取付けられている左右二組（４台）の自在キャスタ１４（１４ｆ，１４ｆ及び１４ｒ，１４ｒ）と、同じく左右二組（４台）の固定キャスタ１５（１５ｆ，１５ｆ及び１５ｒ，１５ｒ）とを備えている。台車１０同士は、連結部１３を介することで前後方向に複数台連結できるように構成されている（図１では２台連結した構造を図示している）。連結している複数台の台車１０，１０，１０，……のうち、最前の台車１０ｆの前端部と最後の台車１０ｒの後端部とには、操作部１２が設けられている。操作部１２は、図示しない牽引車両と連結できるように構成されており、台車１０は操作部１２の位置で牽引されることで進行する。
台車１０の荷台部１１の下面には、図２に示すように、ブラケット１６が取付けられており、そのブラケット１６の下面に、キャスタ１４，１５を取付けるための部品であるブラケット固定部１８が取付けられている。このブラケット固定部１８のうち、自在キャスタ１４を取付けるためのものには、下方に張り出すように傾斜部品１７が設けられている。この傾斜部品１７には、自在キャスタ１４を回転自在に取付けるための板状構造の部品である取付け部１４３が設けられている。取付け部１４３は、図３に示すように、その下端面が傾斜面１４８となっている。そして、前側の傾斜部品１７は、前記傾斜面１４８の前側が高くなるように荷台部１１の前側に取付けられている。また、後側の傾斜部品１７は、前記傾斜面１４８の後側が高くなるように荷台部１１の後側に取付けられている。 <Outline of Bogie 10 in Embodiment 1>
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the cart 10 according to the present embodiment includes a loading platform portion 11 configured to be able to place a heavy object, and two left and right sets attached to the lower surface of the loading platform portion 11. (Four) universal casters 14 (14f, 14f and 14r, 14r) and two sets of left and right (four) fixed casters 15 (15f, 15f and 15r, 15r) are provided. The trolley | bogie 10 is comprised so that two or more units | sets can be connected in the front-back direction through the connection part 13 (in FIG. 1, the structure which connected 2 units | sets is illustrated). Among the plurality of connected carts 10, 10, 10,..., An operation unit 12 is provided at the front end portion of the front cart 10f and the rear end portion of the last cart 10r. The operation unit 12 is configured to be connected to a tow vehicle (not shown), and the carriage 10 advances by being pulled at the position of the operation unit 12.
As shown in FIG. 2, a bracket 16 is attached to the lower surface of the loading platform 11 of the carriage 10, and a bracket fixing portion 18 that is a part for attaching the casters 14 and 15 is attached to the lower surface of the bracket 16. It has been. Among the bracket fixing portions 18, those for attaching the universal casters 14 are provided with inclined parts 17 so as to project downward. The inclined component 17 is provided with a mounting portion 143 which is a plate-shaped component for rotatably mounting the universal caster 14. As shown in FIG. 3, the attachment portion 143 has an inclined surface 148 at its lower end surface. The front inclined component 17 is attached to the front side of the loading platform 11 so that the front side of the inclined surface 148 is higher. In addition, the rear inclined component 17 is attached to the rear side of the loading platform 11 so that the rear side of the inclined surface 148 becomes higher.

＜自在キャスタ１４について＞
自在キャスタ１４は、図１，２に示すように、荷台部１１の前端部と後端部とに、それぞれ２つずつ左右一組で並んで取付けられ、後記する固定キャスタ１５を前後から挟むように配置されている。自在キャスタ１４は、図３に示すように、車輪１４１と、前記車輪１４１を転動可能に支持する車輪中心１４６を有する車輪架台１４２とを備えている。車輪架台１４２の上面１４７には、図示しない回転中心軸が上面１４７に対して直角に突出形成されている。そして、この回転中心軸が取付け部１４３の傾斜面１４８に対して直角に通されることで、自在キャスタ１４の車輪架台１４２の上面１４７が傾斜面１４８と面接触した状態で、取付け部１４３に対して取付けられている。取付け部１４３には、前記回転中心軸に対する適宜の軸受け構造（図示しない）が設けられており、自在キャスタ１４は、回転中心軸の回転軸心１４４を中心に回転自在な状態となっている。即ち、回転軸心１４４は、図３に示すように、荷台部１１に対して所定角度（例えば、１０度）で傾斜している状態となっている。自在キャスタ１４の車輪架台１４２は、車輪中心１４６が回転軸心１４４よりも半径方向外側に位置するように偏心した状態になっている。したがって、自在キャスタ１４の車輪１４１が走行面からの抵抗を受けて車輪架台１４２が向きを変える際、車輪架台１４２が回転軸心１４４を中心に回転すると、車輪架台１４２の上面１４７と取付け部１４３の傾斜面１４８とが摺動して、図３の実線と２点鎖線とで示すように、車輪架台１４２の姿勢が変更されて、車輪中心１４６の位置が上下方向に移動する。これにより、自在キャスタ１４の車輪１４１の接地点１４５が高さ位置Ｈと高さ位置Ｌとの間で変動することになる。高さ位置Ｈは、後記する固定キャスタ１５の車輪１５１の接地点１５５の高さ位置よりも高くなるように設定されており、高さ位置Ｌは、低くなるように設定されている。 <About Swivel Caster 14>
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the universal casters 14 are attached to the front end portion and the rear end portion of the loading platform 11 in a pair of left and right, respectively, and sandwich the fixed casters 15 described later from the front and rear. Is arranged. As shown in FIG. 3, the universal caster 14 includes a wheel 141 and a wheel mount 142 having a wheel center 146 that supports the wheel 141 in a rollable manner. A rotation center axis (not shown) is formed on the upper surface 147 of the wheel base 142 so as to project at a right angle to the upper surface 147. The rotation center axis is passed at right angles to the inclined surface 148 of the attachment portion 143, so that the upper surface 147 of the wheel mount 142 of the universal caster 14 is brought into surface contact with the inclined surface 148. Installed against. The mounting portion 143 is provided with an appropriate bearing structure (not shown) for the rotation center shaft, and the free caster 14 is rotatable about the rotation axis 144 of the rotation center shaft. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the rotation axis 144 is inclined at a predetermined angle (for example, 10 degrees) with respect to the loading platform 11. The wheel pedestal 142 of the universal caster 14 is in an eccentric state such that the wheel center 146 is positioned on the radially outer side with respect to the rotation axis 144. Therefore, when the wheel 141 of the universal caster 14 receives resistance from the traveling surface and the wheel mount 142 changes its direction, when the wheel mount 142 rotates about the rotation axis 144, the upper surface 147 of the wheel mount 142 and the attachment portion 143 are arranged. As shown by a solid line and a two-dot chain line in FIG. 3, the posture of the wheel mount 142 is changed, and the position of the wheel center 146 moves in the vertical direction. As a result, the ground contact point 145 of the wheel 141 of the universal caster 14 varies between the height position H and the height position L. The height position H is set to be higher than the height position of the ground contact point 155 of the wheel 151 of the fixed caster 15 to be described later, and the height position L is set to be lower.

＜固定キャスタ１５について＞
固定キャスタ１５は、図１〜３に示すように、キャスタ固定部１８の下面に対して取付けられている。固定キャスタ１５は、図２に示すように、自在キャスタ１４よりも左右方向外側の位置で、荷台部１１の左端部と右端部とにそれぞれ進行方向に沿って前後に２つ並んだ状態で配置されている。このうち、前側の固定キャスタ１５ｆは、図２，３に示すように、荷台部１１の中央位置よりも前端部に近い位置に設けられており、後側の固定キャスタ１５ｒは、荷台部１１の中央位置よりも後端部に近い位置に設けられている。固定キャスタ１５は、図３に示すように、車輪１５１と、前記車輪１５１を転動可能に支持する車輪中心１５６を有する車輪架台１５２とを備えており、取付け部１５３によって回転不能な状態に固定されている。 <About fixed caster 15>
The fixed caster 15 is attached to the lower surface of the caster fixing portion 18 as shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 2, the fixed casters 15 are arranged at two positions on the left and right ends of the loading platform 11 in the front-rear direction along the traveling direction at positions outside the free casters 14 in the left-right direction. Has been. Among these, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the front fixed caster 15 f is provided at a position closer to the front end portion than the center position of the load carrier portion 11, and the rear fixed caster 15 r is provided on the load carrier portion 11. It is provided at a position closer to the rear end than the center position. As shown in FIG. 3, the fixed caster 15 includes a wheel 151 and a wheel base 152 having a wheel center 156 that supports the wheel 151 so that the wheel 151 can roll, and is fixed in a non-rotatable state by a mounting portion 153. Has been.

＜自在キャスタ１４及び固定キャスタ１５の動作について＞
次に、本実施形態に係る台車１０が進行するときの自在キャスタ１４及び固定キャスタ１５の動作について説明する。
図１に示すように、前後方向に連結している状態の台車１０のうち、最前の台車１０ｆの操作部１２を牽引して前進させると、台車１０の前側の自在キャスタ１４ｆが走行面Ｆからの摩擦力（抵抗）を受ける。これにより、自在キャスタ１４ｆの車輪架台１４２は、車輪中心１４６が荷台部１１の傾斜部品１７に対して後方に移動するように向きを変える。即ち、前側の自在キャスタ１４ｆの車輪架台１４２は、その車輪架台１４２の回転中心軸の回転軸心１４４を中心に回転して姿勢が変わり、図３の実線で示すように、その車輪中心１４６が下方に移動することになる。これにより、前側の自在キャスタ１４ｆの車輪１４１の走行面Ｆに対する接地点１４５は、固定キャスタ１５の車輪１５１の接地点１５５よりも低い高さ位置Ｌとなり、図５に示すように、接地している状態になる。
同様に、後側の自在キャスタ１４ｒの車輪架台１４２は、走行面Ｆからの摩擦力（抵抗）を受けて、車輪中心１４６が荷台部１１の傾斜部品１７に対して後方に移動するように向きを変える。即ち、後側の自在キャスタ１４ｒの車輪架台１４２は、その車輪架台１４２の回転中心軸の回転軸心１４４を中心に回転して姿勢が変わり、図３の実線で示すように、その車輪中心１４６が上方に移動する。これにより、後側の自在キャスタ１４ｒの車輪１４１の走行面Ｆに対する接地点１４５は、固定キャスタ１５の車輪１５１の接地点１５５よりも高い高さ位置Ｈとなり、図３〜５に示すように、走行面Ｆから間隔Ｓ１分だけ浮いている状態となる。このようにして、前側の自在キャスタ１４ｆが接地し、後側の自在キャスタ１４ｒが浮くと、図５に示すように、前側の自在キャスタ１４ｆによって、荷台部１１がわずかに押し上げられて後方に傾斜し、前側の固定キャスタ１５ｆが間隔Ｓ２分だけ浮いて、後側の固定キャスタ１５ｒが接地する状態となる。即ち、進行方向前側（前方）では前側の自在キャスタ１４ｆが接地して荷台部１１を支持し、進行方向後側（後方）では後側の固定キャスタ１５ｒが接地して荷台部１１を支持している状態となる。これにより、最前の台車１０ｆを操作部１２の位置で牽引して、台車１０を前進させる時において、カーブ走行ができるようになる。 <Operation of the universal caster 14 and the fixed caster 15>
Next, operations of the universal caster 14 and the fixed caster 15 when the cart 10 according to the present embodiment proceeds will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, when the operation unit 12 of the foremost carriage 10 f is pulled and advanced among the carriages 10 connected in the front-rear direction, the free caster 14 f on the front side of the carriage 10 moves from the traveling surface F. The frictional force (resistance) is received. Thereby, the wheel mount 142 of the universal caster 14 f changes its direction so that the wheel center 146 moves rearward with respect to the inclined component 17 of the loading platform 11. That is, the wheel base 142 of the front free caster 14f rotates around the rotation axis 144 of the center axis of rotation of the wheel base 142 and changes its posture. As shown by the solid line in FIG. It will move downward. As a result, the ground contact point 145 with respect to the traveling surface F of the wheel 141 of the front universal caster 14f is at a height position L lower than the ground contact point 155 of the wheel 151 of the fixed caster 15, and is grounded as shown in FIG. It will be in a state.
Similarly, the wheel pedestal 142 of the rear free caster 14r receives the frictional force (resistance) from the traveling surface F and is oriented so that the wheel center 146 moves rearward with respect to the inclined component 17 of the loading platform 11. change. That is, the wheel pedestal 142 of the rear free caster 14r rotates around the rotation axis 144 of the rotation center axis of the wheel pedestal 142 and changes its posture. As shown by the solid line in FIG. Moves upward. Thereby, the grounding point 145 with respect to the traveling surface F of the wheel 141 of the rear free caster 14r is at a height position H higher than the grounding point 155 of the wheel 151 of the fixed caster 15, and as shown in FIGS. The vehicle floats from the running surface F by an interval S1. In this way, when the front universal caster 14f is grounded and the rear universal caster 14r is floated, as shown in FIG. 5, the loading platform 11 is slightly pushed up by the front universal caster 14f and tilted backward. Then, the front fixed caster 15f floats by the interval S2, and the rear fixed caster 15r is brought into a grounded state. That is, on the front side (front) in the traveling direction, the front free caster 14f is grounded to support the loading platform 11, and on the rear side (backward) in the traveling direction, the rear fixed caster 15r is grounded to support the loading platform 11. It becomes a state. As a result, when the front truck 10f is pulled at the position of the operation unit 12 and the truck 10 is moved forward, the vehicle can travel in a curve.

台車１０を停止させると、浮いている状態の後側の自在キャスタ１４ｒは、自重によって回転し、走行面Ｆとかるく接した状態となる。ここから、最後の台車１０ｒ（図１参照）の操作部１２を牽引して後進させると、後側の自在キャスタ１４ｒの車輪１４１が走行面Ｆからの摩擦力（抵抗）を受けて、図３の二点鎖線で示すように、車輪架台１４２の車輪中心１４６が荷台部１１の傾斜部品１７に対して前方に移動するように車輪架台１４２は向きを変える。同様に、前側の自在キャスタ１４ｆにおいても、その車輪１４１が走行面Ｆからの摩擦力（抵抗）を受けて、図３の二点鎖線で示すように、車輪架台１４２の車輪中心１４６が荷台部１１の傾斜部品１７に対して前方に移動するように車輪架台１４２は向きを変える。これにより、自在キャスタ１４ｆ，１４ｒの車輪架台１４２は、回転軸心１４４を中心に回転して姿勢が変わるため、前側の自在キャスタ１４ｆの車輪中心１４６が上方に移動して、その車輪１４１の走行面Ｆに対する接地点１４５が高さ位置Ｈに切り替わる一方、後側の自在キャスタ１４ｒの車輪中心１４６は下方に移動して、その車輪１４１の走行面Ｆに対する接地点１４５が高さ位置Ｌに切り替わる。そうすると、図６に示すように、後側の自在キャスタ１４ｒが接地している状態となって、荷台部１１をわずかに押し上げるため、後側の固定キャスタ１５ｒが浮き、前側の固定キャスタ１５ｆが接地している状態となる。即ち、進行方向前側（後方）では後側の自在キャスタ１４ｒが、進行方向後側（前方）では前側の固定キャスタ１５ｆが接地して荷台部１１を支持している状態となる。これにより、最後の台車１０ｒを操作部１２の位置で牽引して、台車１０を後進させる時においても、カーブ走行ができるようになる。   When the carriage 10 is stopped, the free caster 14r on the rear side in the floating state rotates by its own weight and comes into a state of being in contact with the running surface F. From this point, when the operation unit 12 of the last carriage 10r (see FIG. 1) is pulled and moved backward, the wheels 141 of the rear free caster 14r receive frictional force (resistance) from the running surface F, and FIG. As shown by the two-dot chain line, the wheel mount 142 changes its direction so that the wheel center 146 of the wheel mount 142 moves forward with respect to the inclined component 17 of the loading platform 11. Similarly, in the free caster 14f on the front side, the wheel 141 receives the frictional force (resistance) from the running surface F, and the wheel center 146 of the wheel mount 142 is the loading part as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. The wheel mount 142 changes its direction so as to move forward with respect to the eleven inclined parts 17. As a result, the wheel bases 142 of the universal casters 14f and 14r rotate around the rotation axis 144 and change their postures, so that the wheel center 146 of the universal caster 14f on the front side moves upward, and the wheels 141 run. While the ground contact point 145 with respect to the surface F is switched to the height position H, the wheel center 146 of the rear free caster 14r moves downward, and the ground contact point 145 with respect to the traveling surface F of the wheel 141 is switched to the height position L. . Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the rear universal caster 14r is in a grounded state, and the loading platform 11 is slightly pushed up, so that the rear stationary caster 15r is floated and the front stationary caster 15f is grounded. It will be in the state. That is, the rear caster 14r on the front side in the traveling direction (rear) and the front fixed caster 15f on the rear side (front) in the traveling direction are grounded to support the loading platform 11. As a result, even when the last cart 10r is pulled at the position of the operation unit 12 and the cart 10 is moved backward, the vehicle can travel in a curve.

＜実施形態１に係る台車１０の長所＞
本実施形態に係る台車１０は、台車１０が進行する際に、進行方向前側に設けられた自在キャスタ１４の車輪１４１の走行面Ｆに対する接地点１４５が固定キャスタ１５の車輪１５１の接地点１５５よりも低い状態（高さ位置Ｌ）になり、進行方向後側に設けられた自在キャスタ１４の車輪１４１の走行面Ｆに対する接地点１４５が固定キャスタ１５の車輪１５１の接地点１５５よりも高い状態（高さ位置Ｈ）になる。このため、どちらの方向に台車１０を進行させたとしても、常に、進行方向前側では自在キャスタ１４が接地している状態となり、進行方向後側では固定キャスタ１５が接地している状態にすることができる。これにより、台車１０の前進時、後進時の両方でカーブ走行ができるようになり、台車１０の使い勝手が良くなる。
また、自在キャスタ１４の車輪架台１４２が回転して姿勢を変えることにより、車輪中心１４６が下方に移動する構成であるため、構造が簡単で信頼性が高い。また、特別な駆動源も不要になるため、コストが高くならない。
また、先頭の台車１０がカーブするように進行したときに、後続の台車１０は荷台部１１の進行方向端部の位置で舵が切れるようになる。これにより、先頭の台車１０と後続の台車１０との間でカーブ走行時に生じる内輪差を小さくすることができる。
また、荷台部１１にかかる荷重を進行方向前後に広い面積で支持できるようになる。 <Advantages of the cart 10 according to the first embodiment>
In the cart 10 according to this embodiment, when the cart 10 travels, the ground point 145 with respect to the traveling surface F of the wheel 141 of the free caster 14 provided on the front side in the traveling direction is more than the ground point 155 of the wheel 151 of the fixed caster 15. The ground contact point 145 with respect to the traveling surface F of the wheel 141 of the free caster 14 provided on the rear side in the traveling direction is higher than the ground contact point 155 of the wheel 151 of the fixed caster 15 (the height position L). Height position H). For this reason, no matter which direction the carriage 10 is advanced, the universal caster 14 is always grounded on the front side in the traveling direction, and the fixed caster 15 is grounded on the rear side in the traveling direction. Can do. As a result, the vehicle can travel in a curve both when the carriage 10 moves forward and when the carriage 10 moves backward, and the usability of the carriage 10 is improved.
In addition, since the wheel center 142 of the universal caster 14 rotates and changes its posture, the wheel center 146 moves downward, so that the structure is simple and highly reliable. In addition, no special drive source is required, so the cost does not increase.
Further, when the leading carriage 10 travels so as to curve, the following carriage 10 can be turned at the position of the end portion in the traveling direction of the loading platform 11. Thereby, the inner ring | wheel difference which arises at the time of curve driving | running | working between the top trolley | bogie 10 and the succeeding trolley | bogie 10 can be made small.
Further, the load applied to the loading platform 11 can be supported in a wide area before and after the traveling direction.

［実施形態２］
以下、図７〜図９に基づいて、本発明の実施形態２に係る台車５０の説明を行う。
本実施形態に係る台車５０は、実施形態１に係る台車１０の固定キャスタ１５を設置するための構造を改造したものであり、その他の構造については、実施形態１に係る台車１０と同様である。このため、実施形態１に係る台車１０と同一部材については同一番号を付して説明を省略する。
本実施形態に係る台車５０には、図７に示すように、荷台部１１の左端部と右端部とに橋架されるようにして、スライド部品５１が設けられている。このスライド部品５１は、荷台部１１の下面の左端部と右端部とにそれぞれ取付けられたレール部５２，５２と摺動することで、前後方向にスライド移動できるように構成されている。荷台部１１の上面には、図７に示すように、前端ストッパ部５３ｆと後端ストッパ部５３ｒが設けられており、これにより、スライド部品５１は、前側の自在キャスタ１４ｆと後側の自在キャスタ１４ｒの間でスライド移動するようになる。スライド部品５１の下面には、固定キャスタ１５が取付けられている。 [Embodiment 2]
Hereinafter, based on FIGS. 7-9, the trolley | bogie 50 which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention is demonstrated.
The cart 50 according to the present embodiment is a modified structure for installing the fixed caster 15 of the cart 10 according to the first embodiment, and the other structure is the same as that of the cart 10 according to the first embodiment. . For this reason, about the same member as the trolley | bogie 10 which concerns on Embodiment 1, the same number is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.
As shown in FIG. 7, the cart 50 according to the present embodiment is provided with a slide component 51 so as to be bridged between the left end portion and the right end portion of the loading platform portion 11. The slide component 51 is configured to be slidable in the front-rear direction by sliding with rail portions 52 and 52 respectively attached to the left end portion and the right end portion of the lower surface of the loading platform portion 11. As shown in FIG. 7, a front end stopper portion 53f and a rear end stopper portion 53r are provided on the upper surface of the loading platform 11, so that the slide part 51 can be connected to the front free caster 14f and the rear free caster. It slides between 14r. A fixed caster 15 is attached to the lower surface of the slide part 51.

台車５０を前進させると、図８に示すように、固定キャスタ１５及びスライド部品５１は走行面Ｆからの摩擦力（抵抗）によってその場に保持され、台車５０に対して相対的に後方向にスライド移動する。そして、スライド部品５１が荷台部１１の中央位置よりも後端部に近い位置まで移動すると、後端ストッパ部５３ｒに当接し、後端ストッパ部５３ｒに押されて台車５０と共に移動するようになる。これと同時に、台車５０の前進に伴って、図８に示すように、前側の自在キャスタ１４ｆ及び後側の自在キャスタ１４ｒとが走行面Ｆからの摩擦力（抵抗）によって前方向を向くように回転することで、上記した実施形態１の台車１０と同様に、前側の自在キャスタ１４ｆが接地している状態になり、後側の自在キャスタ１４ｒが浮いている状態になる。即ち、進行方向前側（前方）では自在キャスタ１４ｆが接地し、進行方向後側（後方）では、スライド部品５１に取付けられた固定キャスタ１５が接地している状態になる。
同様に、台車５０を後進させると、図９に示すように、スライド部品５１は、台車５０に対して相対的に前方向にスライド移動し、荷台部１１の中央位置よりも前端部に近い位置まで移動すると、前端ストッパ部５３ｆに当接し、台車５０と共に移動するようになる。これと同時に、図９に示すように、前側の自在キャスタ１４ｆ及び後側の自在キャスタ１４ｒとが後方向を向くように回転して、前側の自在キャスタ１４ｆが浮き、後側の自在キャスタ１４ｒが接地する。即ち、進行方向前側（後方）では自在キャスタ１４ｒが接地し、進行方向後側（前方）では、スライド部品５１に取付けられた固定キャスタ１５が接地している状態になる。
上記構成により、固定キャスタ１５の数を減らした構造において、荷台部１１にかかる荷重を進行方向前後に広い面積で支持できるようになる。 When the carriage 50 is moved forward, as shown in FIG. 8, the fixed caster 15 and the slide part 51 are held in place by the frictional force (resistance) from the running surface F, and are moved backward relative to the carriage 50. Move the slide. When the slide component 51 moves to a position closer to the rear end than the center position of the loading platform 11, the slide component 51 comes into contact with the rear end stopper 53r and is moved by the rear end stopper 53r together with the carriage 50. . At the same time, as the carriage 50 moves forward, the front free caster 14f and the rear free caster 14r are directed forward by the frictional force (resistance) from the running surface F as shown in FIG. By rotating, the front free caster 14f is grounded and the rear free caster 14r is in a floating state, similar to the cart 10 of the first embodiment described above. That is, the free caster 14f is grounded on the front side (forward) in the traveling direction, and the fixed caster 15 attached to the slide component 51 is grounded on the rear side (back) in the traveling direction.
Similarly, when the carriage 50 is moved backward, as shown in FIG. 9, the slide component 51 slides forward relative to the carriage 50, and is closer to the front end than the center position of the loading platform 11. If it moves to, it will contact | abut to the front-end stopper part 53f, and will come to move with the trolley | bogie 50. FIG. At the same time, as shown in FIG. 9, the front universal caster 14f and the rear universal caster 14r rotate so as to face rearward, the front universal caster 14f floats, and the rear universal caster 14r Ground. That is, the free caster 14r is grounded on the front side (backward) in the traveling direction, and the fixed caster 15 attached to the slide part 51 is grounded on the rear side (front) in the traveling direction.
With the above configuration, in the structure in which the number of the fixed casters 15 is reduced, the load applied to the loading platform 11 can be supported in a wide area before and after the traveling direction.

［変形例］
なお、本発明に係る台車１０，５０にあっては、上記した実施形態１，２の構成に限定されるものではなく、適宜変更が加えられて構成されるものであってもよい。
例えば、実施形態１，２では、台車１０として、進行方向に連結して、操作部１２の位置で牽引車両によって牽引されることで進行する連結式の牽引台車を例示した。しかし、例えば、手押し台車でも良いし、連結せずに１台で牽引される台車であっても良い。
また、自在キャスタ１４及び固定キャスタ１５の配置位置は、実施形態１，２の配置位置の例に限定されない。例えば、実施形態１，２において、固定キャスタ１５が、台車１０の左側と右側とにそれぞれ配置されている例を示したが、固定キャスタ１５を台車１０の左右方向中央１箇所に配置するような構造でも良い。また、実施形態１において、自在キャスタ１４と固定キャスタ１５の配置位置を入れ替えても構わない。
また、実施形態１，２では、自在キャスタ１４の車輪中心１４６を上下方向に移動させるために、車輪架台１４２に形成された回転中心軸を、傾斜面１４８に対して取付けることで、回転軸心１４４を傾斜した構造にする例を示した。しかし、例えば、自在キャスタ１４を傾斜させずに、ねじ作用や電気的な制御等で自在キャスタ１４そのものの位置を上下させ、車輪中心１４６を上下方向に移動させるような構造であっても良い。また、例えば、荷台部１１の進行方向端部側から中央部分側に向かうに従って下方に向かうように傾斜させた直線状のガイド溝を設けて、走行面Ｆからの摩擦力（抵抗）を受けた自在キャスタ１４ｆ，１４ｒを、このガイド溝に沿って進行方向後側へスライド移動させることで、自在キャスタ１４を上下させるような構造であっても良い。 [Modification]
The carts 10 and 50 according to the present invention are not limited to the configurations of the first and second embodiments described above, and may be configured with appropriate modifications.
For example, in the first and second embodiments, as the cart 10, a coupled towing cart that is connected in the traveling direction and proceeds by being pulled by the towing vehicle at the position of the operation unit 12 is illustrated. However, for example, a hand cart may be used, or a cart that is pulled without being connected may be used.
Further, the arrangement positions of the universal casters 14 and the fixed casters 15 are not limited to the arrangement positions of the first and second embodiments. For example, in the first and second embodiments, the example in which the fixed casters 15 are respectively disposed on the left side and the right side of the carriage 10 has been described. However, the fixed casters 15 are disposed at one central position in the left-right direction of the carriage 10. It may be a structure. In the first embodiment, the arrangement positions of the universal caster 14 and the fixed caster 15 may be switched.
In the first and second embodiments, in order to move the wheel center 146 of the universal caster 14 in the vertical direction, the rotation center axis formed on the wheel mount 142 is attached to the inclined surface 148, thereby rotating the rotation axis. An example in which 144 is inclined is shown. However, for example, the structure may be such that, without tilting the universal caster 14, the position of the universal caster 14 itself is moved up and down by screw action or electrical control, and the wheel center 146 is moved in the vertical direction. Further, for example, a linear guide groove that is inclined downward toward the center portion side from the traveling direction end portion side of the loading platform portion 11 is provided to receive the frictional force (resistance) from the traveling surface F. The structure may be such that the free casters 14 are moved up and down by sliding the free casters 14 f and 14 r rearward in the traveling direction along the guide grooves.

Ｆ 走行面
１０ 台車
１１ 荷台部
１３ 連結部
１４ 自在キャスタ（１４ｆ，１４ｒ）
１４１ 車輪
１４２ 車輪架台
１４４ 回転軸心
１４５ 自在キャスタの車輪の接地点
１４６ 車輪中心
１４７ 車輪架台の上面
１４８ 傾斜面
１５ 固定キャスタ（１５ｆ，１５ｒ）
１５５ 固定キャスタの車輪の接地点
５１ スライド部品
F traveling surface 10 cart 11 loading platform 13 connecting portion 14 universal caster (14f, 14r)
141 Wheel 142 Wheel pedestal 144 Rotation axis 145 Swivel caster wheel contact point 146 Wheel center 147 Wheel pedestal upper surface 148 Inclined surface 15 Fixed caster (15f, 15r)
155 Fixed caster wheel contact point 51 Slide part

Claims (6)

荷台部が少なくとも１つの固定キャスタと複数の自在キャスタとにより支持されている台車であって、
前記自在キャスタは、前記荷台部の進行方向前側と進行方向後側とにそれぞれ設けられており、
前記台車が進行する際に、進行方向前側に設けられた自在キャスタの車輪架台の車輪中心が下方に移動して、走行面に対する車輪の接地点が少なくとも最も低い接地点を有する固定キャスタの車輪の接地点よりも低い状態になり、
進行方向後側に設けられた自在キャスタの車輪架台の車輪中心が上方に移動して、走行面に対する車輪の接地点が少なくとも最も低い接地点を有する固定キャスタの車輪の接地点よりも高い状態になり、
台車の走行時に、台車の進行方向前側は自在キャスタが走行面と接地し、進行方向後側は固定キャスタが走行面と接地するように構成されていることを特徴とする台車。 A carriage in which a loading platform is supported by at least one fixed caster and a plurality of free casters,
The universal casters are respectively provided on the front side in the traveling direction and the rear side in the traveling direction of the loading platform,
When the carriage travels, the wheel center of the wheel rack of the free caster provided on the front side in the traveling direction moves downward, and the wheel of the fixed caster having the lowest ground contact point with respect to the traveling surface is at least the ground contact point of the wheel. It will be lower than the ground point,
The wheel center of the wheel frame of the free caster provided on the rear side in the traveling direction moves upward so that the ground point of the wheel with respect to the traveling surface is at least higher than the ground point of the wheel of the fixed caster having the lowest ground point. Become
The cart is configured such that, when the carriage is traveling, the free caster is in contact with the traveling surface on the front side in the traveling direction, and the fixed caster is in contact with the traveling surface on the rear side in the traveling direction. 請求項１に記載された台車であって、
前記自在キャスタは、前記車輪架台の向きを変える際の回転中心となる回転中心軸を備え、前記回転中心軸が設けられた車輪架台の上面が、前記荷台部に設けられた進行方向に対して傾斜する傾斜面に面接触して、前記回転中心軸が前記傾斜面に直角に通されており、
前記台車が進行する際に、進行方向前側の自在キャスタの車輪が路面からの摩擦力を受けて車輪架台が向きを変える際、前記車輪架台が回転中心軸を中心に回転して傾斜面の働きで姿勢が変わることで、前記車輪中心が下方に移動する構成であることを特徴とする台車。 A cart according to claim 1,
The universal caster includes a rotation center shaft serving as a rotation center when changing the direction of the wheel mount, and an upper surface of the wheel mount provided with the rotation center shaft is in a traveling direction provided in the loading platform. The rotation center axis is passed at right angles to the inclined surface in surface contact with the inclined surface that is inclined,
When the carriage travels, when the wheel of the free caster wheel on the front side in the traveling direction receives frictional force from the road surface and changes the direction of the wheel mount, the wheel mount rotates around the rotation center axis and works as an inclined surface. The vehicle is characterized in that the wheel center moves downward as the posture changes. 請求項２に記載された台車であって、
前記台車が進行する際に、進行方向後側の自在キャスタの車輪が路面からの摩擦力を受けて車輪架台が向きを変える際、前記車輪架台が回転中心軸を中心に回転して傾斜面の働きで姿勢が変わることで、前記車輪中心が上方に移動する構成であることを特徴とする台車。 A cart according to claim 2,
When the carriage travels, when the wheel of the free caster on the rear side in the traveling direction receives frictional force from the road surface and the wheel mount changes direction, the wheel mount rotates around the rotation center axis to A cart having a configuration in which the wheel center moves upward by changing the posture by working. 請求項１から請求項３のいずれかに記載された台車であって、
前記荷台部には、前記台車を進行方向に複数台連結するための連結部が設けられており、
前記自在キャスタは、前記固定キャスタを進行方向前後から挟むように配置されていることを特徴とする台車。 A carriage according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein
The cargo bed portion is provided with a connecting portion for connecting a plurality of the carts in the traveling direction,
The said universal caster is arrange | positioned so that the said fixed caster may be pinched | interposed from the front-back direction. 請求項１から請求項４のいずれかに記載された台車であって、
前記固定キャスタは、進行方向に沿って複数並んだ状態で取付けられており、
進行方向前側の自在キャスタと、進行方向後側の固定キャスタとが接地するように構成されていることを特徴とする台車。 A carriage according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The fixed casters are attached in a state where a plurality of fixed casters are arranged along the traveling direction,
A cart configured to ground a free caster on the front side in the traveling direction and a fixed caster on the rear side in the traveling direction. 請求項１から請求項４のいずれかに記載された台車であって、
前記荷台部には、進行方向にスライド移動できるように構成されたスライド部品が設けられて、そのスライド部品に前記固定キャスタが取付けられており、
前記台車が進行する際に、前記スライド部品は進行方向後側にスライド移動するように構成されていることを特徴とする台車。

A carriage according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The cargo bed portion is provided with a slide component configured to be slidable in the traveling direction, and the fixed caster is attached to the slide component,
The carriage is configured such that when the carriage travels, the slide part slides rearward in the traveling direction.

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