JP2015093229A - Pulverizing device and pulverizing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technique capable of efficiently obtaining raw material pulverized material having a target particle size with a relatively simple constitution.SOLUTION: A pulverizing device includes: mixing means 1 for preparing a mixture of raw material of an object to be pulverized and low-temperature fluid; a pulverization chamber 2 to which raw material-containing low-temperature fluid is guided; lead-out means 3 for leading out raw material atomized material which is pulverized and atomized in the pulverization chamber; and separation means 4 for separating lead-out raw material atomized material from lead-out flow. Therein, an injection nozzle 2a which performs injection in a chamber and a target 2b with which the raw material-containing low-temperature fluid injected from the injection nozzle 2a comes into collision are provided in the pulverization chamber 2, a target surface disposed opposite to the injection direction of the injection nozzle 2a is provided on the target 2b and a temperature maintaining means 2c which maintains the target surface into a temperature of brittle point of the raw material or less is provided.

Description

  The present application relates to a pulverization technique for obtaining a fine powder of a raw material by pulverizing and atomizing the raw material.

  In the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, crushed material introduced into a horizontal disk-shaped crushing chamber 12 is gas from a plurality of jet nozzles 20 and 21 arranged in a circle along the side wall of the crushing chamber. It is refined by a high-speed swirling flow generated by injection. In the jet mill disclosed in Patent Document 1, each of the injection nozzles 20 and 21 has a curved shape in which the tip surface 211 forms the same circumferential surface as the inner wall surface of the crushing chamber. Thereby, a concentric high-speed swirl flow is stably generated, and the pulverized particles are pulverized depending on the collision between the particles.

  As a result, it is possible to reduce contamination and improve processing efficiency, reduce or eliminate the particle size variation, and omit or simplify classification after grinding, and suppress wear and tear of equipment, resulting in less heat generation and impact on quality. It is said that miniaturization is possible with little.

  In the technology disclosed in Patent Document 2, the target material is pulverized and atomized by colliding the mixed phase flow of the raw material and the carrier fluid with the target. It has excellent wear resistance and is a chemically stable member for a grinder.

JP 2007-275849 A JP 2000-167431 A

However, the technologies described in each patent document have the following problems.
Although the technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 enables pulverization, the processing time required for the pulverization is extremely long. Furthermore, the recovery rate of fine powder is extremely low. As a result, a large amount of processing gas is required for the pulverization process, and a large-sized compressor is indispensable as equipment and the cost required for pulverization increases.

  In the technique disclosed in Patent Document 2, mixing of raw materials into a jet jet is difficult to control the mixing state, requiring experience, and further, the speed becomes slower as the jet jet approaches the surface of the target. Therefore, there are cases where stable crushing and atomization cannot be performed by causing the target to collide favorably.

  In view of the circumstances as described above, an object of the present application is to obtain a technique capable of efficiently obtaining a raw material pulverized product having a target particle diameter with a relatively simple configuration.

The characteristic configuration of the pulverization apparatus for achieving the above object is
A mixing means for generating a mixture of the raw material to be pulverized and the cryogenic fluid;
A pulverization chamber into which the raw material-containing cryogenic fluid generated by the mixing means is guided;
Deriving means for deriving from the pulverization chamber the raw material atomized material pulverized and atomized in the pulverization chamber;
Separating means for separating the raw material atomized product derived from the pulverization chamber by the deriving unit from the derived flow;
The pulverization chamber includes an injection nozzle for injecting the raw material-containing cryogenic fluid into the chamber, and a target with which the raw material-containing cryogenic fluid injected from the injection nozzle collides,
The target is provided with a target surface provided opposite to the injection direction of the injection nozzle, and temperature maintaining means for maintaining the target surface at a temperature below the embrittlement point of the raw material.

In this pulverization apparatus, a mixture of the raw material to be pulverized and the cryogenic fluid is generated by the mixing means, and the generated raw material-containing cryogenic fluid is introduced into the pulverization processing chamber. And this raw material containing cryogenic fluid is injected from the injection nozzle provided facing the turret in the crushing processing chamber. This target has a target surface facing the injection nozzle, and the surface is maintained at a temperature below the embrittlement point of the raw material by the temperature maintaining means. It becomes below a point (embrittlement temperature). As a result, the raw material injected from the injection nozzle can be reliably crushed and atomized by colliding with the target surface in a state below the embrittlement point.
Here, the low-temperature fluid used for conveying the raw material contributes to pulverization and atomization on the target surface by setting the temperature to 0 ° C. or less, for example. Here, when the embrittlement point (embrittlement temperature) cannot be specified by the raw material, the “glass transition point” of the raw material is regarded as the embrittlement point (embrittlement temperature) in the present application.

  In this way, the pulverized and pulverized raw material (raw material atomized product) is led out from the pulverization processing chamber by the derivation means, and separated from the derivation flow by the separation means.

As a result, it is possible to efficiently obtain a pulverized raw material with a relatively simple apparatus configuration.
Furthermore, in this pulverization apparatus, the raw material-containing low-temperature fluid previously mixed by the mixing means is injected from the injection nozzle to collide with the target, so that the mixing state of the raw material and the low-temperature fluid is stabilized, so Can be performed stably, and the recovery rate can also be earned. Furthermore, the amount of the low-temperature fluid that is the carrier fluid can also be made relatively small. In addition, since there are few parameters involved in pulverization / miniaturization, control becomes easy.

The pulverizing apparatus according to the present application described above implements the pulverizing method shown below.
A mixing step for producing a mixture of the raw material to be pulverized and the cryogenic fluid;
Introducing the raw material-containing cryogenic fluid produced by the mixing step into the grinding chamber;
A derivation step of deriving from the pulverization chamber the raw material pulverized material pulverized and atomized in the pulverization chamber;
In the pulverization method of pulverizing the raw material through the separation step of separating the raw material atomized product derived from the pulverization treatment chamber from the derivation flow by the derivation step,
The raw material-containing low-temperature fluid is injected into the chamber from an injection nozzle provided in the pulverization chamber, and the raw-material-containing low-temperature fluid injected from the injection nozzle is provided facing the injection direction of the injection nozzle, Further, it is a pulverization method in which the raw material is pulverized by colliding with a target surface maintained at a temperature below the embrittlement point of the raw material.

In the pulverization apparatus described above, it is preferable that the temperature of the raw material-containing cryogenic fluid introduced into the pulverization chamber is maintained below the embrittlement point of the raw material.
By keeping the target surface and the surrounding atmosphere below the embrittlement point of the raw material, and keeping the raw material-containing low-temperature fluid ejected from the injection nozzle below the embrittlement point of the raw material, the embrittlement point of the raw material is ensured in the grinding treatment chamber. By maintaining the following, the material can be crushed and atomized in a stable state in a collision.
The pulverization method used in this pulverization apparatus is a pulverization method in which the temperature of the raw material-containing low-temperature fluid introduced into the pulverization chamber is not higher than the embrittlement point of the raw material.

Furthermore, the pulverization chamber is preferably a vacuum chamber.
By keeping the chamber in a vacuum with the pulverization chamber as a vacuum chamber, the slowdown of the raw material-containing low-temperature fluid in the process from the injection nozzle to the target surface is suppressed as much as possible, and the raw material collides with the target surface at high speed. Can be crushed and atomized. In this configuration, the particle size distribution of the raw material atomized product is also stabilized.

  The pulverization method performed by this pulverization apparatus is a pulverization method in which the pulverization chamber is a vacuum chamber.

  Further, the pulverization apparatus includes a cooling means for cooling the raw material below the embrittlement point by adding a cooling medium that cools the raw material below the embrittlement point to the raw material, and is cooled by the cooling means. It is also preferable to use a configuration in which the raw material is supplied to the mixing means.

  In the case of adopting this configuration, the cooling medium and the cooling means have a function of making the raw material below the embrittlement point, and the raw material thus obtained is supplied to the mixing means to reach the injection nozzle. By performing the conveyance with a low-temperature fluid, it becomes possible to control the raw material temperature below the embrittlement point and to convey to the injection nozzle with another medium. As a result, it is possible to perform appropriate temperature management according to each purpose, and further, it is possible to select a cooling medium and a low-temperature fluid according to the purpose. In this configuration, when the cooling medium is a low-temperature liquefied gas, it is possible to adopt an operation mode in which the low-temperature liquefied gas is sent to the injection nozzle in a liquid state and vaporized at the position of the injection nozzle. In this operation mode, the temperature of the raw material injected from the injection nozzle can be further lowered.

Moreover, when composing a pulverizing apparatus, it is preferable that the mixing means is a fluid mixing apparatus in which the low-temperature fluid is circulated through the raw material powder stored in a casing to obtain the mixture.
If this structure is employ | adopted, a raw material containing cryogenic fluid can be easily produced | generated with the fluid-type mixing apparatus which forms a fluidized bed.

  Furthermore, as the temperature maintaining means, the liquid nitrogen is circulated on the back surface of the target to maintain the target below the embrittlement point of the raw material, and the target is a liquid nitrogen cooling type target. Is preferred.

  By adopting this configuration, the target can be lowered to near -196 ° C., which is the liquefaction temperature of nitrogen, and therefore, for almost all raw materials to be pulverized, these raw materials are preferably below the embrittlement point. Can be pulverized with a target.

  The pulverization method performed by this pulverization apparatus is a pulverization method in which liquid nitrogen is circulated on the back surface of the target to maintain the target below the embrittlement point of the raw material.

In the pulverization apparatus described so far, as the low-temperature fluid, any one or more of nitrogen, air, oxygen, argon, helium, 0 ° C. or less, a gas having a temperature higher than the boiling point of the gas, or ethanol, A liquid having at least one of propanol and butanol and having a temperature not higher than 0 ° C. and higher than the freezing point of the alcohol can be used.
These low-temperature fluids can be selected and used according to the type, properties, purpose of use, etc. of the raw materials.

On the other hand, it is also preferable that the low-temperature fluid is liquid nitrogen.
When using liquid nitrogen as a low-temperature fluid, control and transfer of raw materials to below the embrittlement point can be performed only with liquid nitrogen, and any raw material below that embrittlement point can be pulverized and pulverized. Can be realized.

  On the other hand, the pulverization apparatus is provided with a cooling means for cooling the raw material below the embrittlement point by adding a cooling medium that cools the raw material below the embrittlement point to the raw material, and the raw material cooled by the cooling means In the case of adopting a configuration in which is supplied to the mixing means, it is also a preferred embodiment that the cooling medium is liquid nitrogen, and the low-temperature fluid is a gas or liquid having a boiling point higher than that of the liquid nitrogen.

  When this configuration is adopted, it is important to reduce the consumption of liquid nitrogen so that liquid nitrogen has the function of cooling the raw material. It is possible to carry the role of conveyance to the injection nozzle.

Furthermore, in composing the pulverization apparatus,
A particle beam concentration detection means for detecting a particle beam concentration of the raw material guided from the injection nozzle to the target;
Based on the detection result of the particle beam concentration detection means, the raw material particle beam guided to the target provided with the raw material supply amount control means for controlling the supply amount of the raw material and / or low temperature fluid guided to the mixing means. It is preferable to control the concentration within a predetermined concentration range.

  By adopting this configuration, the raw material supply amount control means controls the raw material supply amount based on the detection result detected by the particle beam concentration detection means, thereby quantitatively pulverizing / refining the raw material on the target surface By controlling the particle beam concentration of the raw material guided to the target within a predetermined concentration range, the particle diameter of the raw material fine powder can be stably controlled, and the amount of generation can also be stabilized.

Furthermore, in composing the pulverization apparatus,
Comprising particle size detection means for detecting the particle size of the pulverized raw material separated by the separation means,
Based on the detection result of the particle diameter detection means, the apparatus is provided with a raw material supply amount control means for controlling the supply amount of the raw material and / or low temperature fluid guided to the mixing means, and the particle diameter of the pulverized raw material is set to a predetermined value. It is preferable to control to a target particle size range.

  By adopting this configuration, based on the detection result detected by the particle diameter detection means, the raw material supply amount control means controls the supply amount of the raw material and / or the low temperature fluid, thereby reducing the particle diameter of the raw material fine powder. It can be controlled stably.

The figure which shows the structure of the pulverization apparatus which concerns on this application The figure which shows another embodiment of a pulverization apparatus. The figure which shows another embodiment of a pulverization apparatus. The figure which shows another embodiment of a pulverization apparatus. The figure which shows another embodiment of a pulverization apparatus.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a pulverizing apparatus 100 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
These pulverization apparatuses 100 are all apparatuses that use the pulverization method according to the present invention.
First, the outline of these embodiments will be described. In all the embodiments, the mixer 1 as a mixing means, the pulverizing chamber 2, the suction pump 3 as a derivation means, and the separation device 4 as a separation means are provided. It is prepared for.

  In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and the third embodiment shown in FIG. 3, in addition to the mixer 1, the grinding chamber 2, the suction pump 3, and the separation device 4, A cooler 5 serving as a cooling means is provided. That is, in the first, second, and third embodiments, after cooling the raw material to below the embrittlement point of the raw material in the cooler 5, the raw material is mixed with the low-temperature fluid in the mixer 1 after cooling, and the pulverization chamber After being led to 2 and pulverized and atomized, and led out, it is separated by the separation device 4.

  In the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 4, a cryogenic fluid is introduced into the mixer 1 without generating the cooler to generate a raw material-containing cryogenic fluid, which is guided to the pulverization treatment chamber 2 to pulverize the raw material. Atomization is performed.

Similarly to the fourth embodiment, the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 5 does not include a cooler. Then, the raw material and liquid nitrogen are introduced into the mixer 1, and the mixture is injected from the injection nozzle 2 a into the pulverization processing chamber 2, and the raw material is pulverized and atomized.
Hereinafter, specific configurations will be described in order.

[First Embodiment]
The structure of the pulverization apparatus 100 of the first embodiment is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, a pulverization apparatus 100 includes a mixer 1 that generates a mixture of a raw material to be pulverized and a low-temperature fluid, and a pulverization process in which the raw-material-containing low-temperature fluid generated by the mixer 1 is guided. Chamber 2, a suction pipe 3 a connected to a suction pump 3 for deriving the material atomized material pulverized and atomized in the pulverization chamber 2, and a material atomized material derived from the pulverization chamber 2 And a separation device 4 for separating the gas from the derived flow. Here, the pulverization chamber 2 is a vacuum chamber whose chamber pressure is about 0.3 to 80 torr.

  The pulverization chamber 2 is provided with an injection nozzle 2a for injecting a raw material-containing cryogenic fluid into the chamber, and a target 2b with which the raw material-containing cryogenic fluid injected from the injection nozzle 2a collides. The target 2b includes a target surface provided to face the injection direction of the injection nozzle 2a, and temperature maintaining means 2c that maintains the target surface at a temperature equal to or lower than the embrittlement point of the raw material. . The temperature maintaining means 2c has a configuration in which a circulation path for a low-temperature liquid (specifically, liquid nitrogen) is provided inside the target 2b and liquid nitrogen is circulated through the circulation path.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the raw material to be pulverized is supplied to the pulverization apparatus 100 in a powder state. For example, when the raw material is polyurethane, it is supplied in an average particle size of 1 to 80 μm.

  Further, as can be seen from the figure, the pulverization apparatus 100 in this embodiment adds a cooling medium (specifically, liquid nitrogen) that cools the raw material to the embrittlement point or lower to the raw material, thereby making the raw material brittle. A cooler 5 is provided as a cooling means for cooling below the conversion point. As described above, when the raw material is polyurethane, by using liquid nitrogen as a cooling medium, the polyurethane has its embrittlement point (the polyurethane has a glass transition point as the embrittlement point) at −50 ° C. The temperature can be lower than that.

  The configuration around the cooler 5 will be described in more detail. As shown in FIG. 1 (b), the raw material powder is supplied by a hopper 5a and liquid nitrogen is supplied to the cooler 5, and this mixture Is fed into the mixer 1 via the screw feeder 5b.

  In the mixer 1, as described above, the raw material cooled by the cooler 5 and the low temperature fluid are mixed and sent to the pulverization processing chamber 2. As the low temperature fluid, nitrogen, air, oxygen Any one or more of argon, helium, 0 ° C. or lower, a gas having a temperature higher than the boiling point of the gas, or one or more of ethanol, propanol, or butanol, 0 ° C. or lower, having a temperature higher than the freezing point of the alcohol Use liquid.

Specifically, depending on the type of the cryogenic fluid, each cryogenic fluid can be used in the following temperature range.
The selectable temperature range is shown below in parentheses after the cryogenic fluid species.
Nitrogen (0 ° C to -196 ° C), air (0 ° C to -196 ° C), oxygen (0 ° C to -183 ° C), argon (0 ° C to -186 ° C), helium (0 ° C to -269 ° C), Ethanol (0 ° C to -114 ° C), propanol (0 ° C to -127 ° C), butanol (0 ° C to -90 ° C)

  When the raw material is polyurethane as shown above, nitrogen, air, oxygen, argon, helium, etc. are used when gas is used for the cryogenic fluid, and ethanol, propanol, butanol is used when liquid is used for the cryogenic fluid. Etc. can be used.

A mixture of the low-temperature fluid and the raw material mixed in the mixer 1 (referred to as “raw material-containing low-temperature fluid” in this application) obtains a conveyance force from the low-temperature fluid and sends it to an injection nozzle 2 a provided in the pulverization processing chamber 2. The raw material-containing low-temperature liquid is ejected into the pulverization chamber 2.
In this embodiment, the temperature of the raw material-containing cryogenic fluid introduced into the pulverization chamber 2 by this injection is maintained below the embrittlement point of the raw material. That is, the raw material-containing cryogenic fluid introduced into the pulverization chamber 2 by appropriately adjusting the amount of raw material to be charged into the cooler 5, the amount of cooling medium (liquid nitrogen amount), and the amount of low-temperature fluid mixed therewith. Can be maintained below the embrittlement point of the raw material.
For example, such a temperature state can be reliably realized if the amount of liquid nitrogen is relatively increased and the liquid nitrogen remains as droplets in the raw material-containing low-temperature fluid until it is introduced into the injection nozzle.

  The raw material-containing low-temperature fluid (including liquid nitrogen as droplets) ejected from the ejection nozzle expands with the ejection and contributes to a decrease in temperature because the pulverization chamber 2 is kept in vacuum.

  In addition, since the powder processing chamber 2 is maintained in a vacuum, the raw material powder collides with the target surface of the target 2b without substantially reducing the injection speed from the injection nozzle 2a. As a result, most of them are crushed and surely pulverized.

  The pulverization chamber 2 is provided with a suction pipe 3a connected to the suction pump 3 on the downstream side, and a separation device is provided at an intermediate position (position from the pulverization chamber 2 to the suction pump 3) of the suction tube 3a. 4 is provided. In the present embodiment, a cyclone that separates particles by specific gravity is employed as the separation device 4. As a result, a finely divided raw material can be obtained on the particle release side of the cyclone. As such a separation apparatus, a simple filter may be adopted, and the raw material fine powder deposited on the filter may be appropriately collected in a batch manner.

  As described above, the pulverizing apparatus 100 generates a mixture of the raw material to be pulverized and the low-temperature fluid, the introduction step of introducing the raw material-containing low-temperature fluid generated by the mixing step to the pulverization processing chamber 2, and pulverization. A derivation step of deriving the raw material atomized material pulverized and atomized in the processing chamber 2 from the pulverization processing chamber 2, and a separation step of separating the raw material atomized material derived from the pulverization processing chamber 2 by the derivation step from the derived flow The raw material-containing low-temperature fluid is injected into the chamber from the injection nozzle 2a provided in the pulverization processing chamber 2 in a vacuum state, and the raw material-containing low-temperature fluid injected from the injection nozzle 2a is injected into the injection nozzle 2a. The target surface provided opposite (orthogonal) to the jet direction of the material is pulverized by pulverizing the raw material by colliding with the target surface maintained at a temperature below the embrittlement point of the raw material. It can be executed.

[Second Embodiment]
Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to FIG.
Constituent parts similar to those of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are given the same numbers in FIG.
Hereinafter, differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described.
As shown in FIG. 2, in the second embodiment, a raw material supply amount controller 6a serving as a raw material supply amount control means for controlling the supply amount of the raw material to be fed to the cooler 5, and hence to the mixer 1, is a cooler. 5 at the raw material supply inlet. The raw material supply amount controller 6a includes, for example, a known quantitative supply device 6a1 having a rotary valve for cutting out powder depending on its rotational speed, and a controller 6ab for controlling the rotational speed. Further, a configuration is adopted in which the supply amount of liquid nitrogen that is a cooling medium supplied to the cooler 5 is also controlled by the flow rate controller 6b1, and the supply amount of the low-temperature fluid supplied to the mixer 1 is also controlled by the flow rate controller 1e. ing. The flow rate controller 6b1 and the flow rate controller 1e are also controlled by the controller 6ab.

  On the other hand, the powder processing chamber 2 is provided with a particle beam concentration detector 2d as particle beam concentration detecting means for detecting the particle beam concentration of the raw material guided from the injection nozzle 2a to the target 2b. This type of particle beam concentration detector 2d is, for example, a known detector that includes a light projector 2d1 and a light receiver 2d2 across a particle beam path, and detects the particle beam concentration by attenuation of light between the two. .

  Then, based on the detection information from the particle beam concentration detector 2d, the supply amounts from the quantitative supply device 6a1, the flow rate controller 6b1 and the flow rate controller 1e are controlled according to the control information from the controller 6ab. In this control, the supply amount of the raw material is controlled within a predetermined concentration range, which is a particle beam concentration capable of obtaining a raw material having the particle size considered in advance, from the relationship with the particle diameter of the target raw material. Is.

  By adopting such a configuration, the state of the raw material colliding with the target can be well adapted to the intended usage pattern.

[Third Embodiment]
Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to FIG.
Constituent parts similar to those of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are given the same numbers in FIG.
Hereinafter, differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described.
As shown in FIG. 3, in the third embodiment, as in the second embodiment, the raw material supply as a raw material supply amount control means for controlling the supply amount of the raw material guided to the cooler 5 and then to the mixer 1 is achieved. A quantity controller 6 a is provided at the raw material supply inlet of the cooler 5. The raw material supply amount controller 6a includes, for example, a known quantitative supply device 6a1 having a rotary valve for cutting out powder depending on its rotational speed, and a controller 6ab for controlling the rotational speed. Further, a configuration is adopted in which the supply amount of liquid nitrogen that is a cooling medium supplied to the cooler 5 is also controlled by the flow rate controller 6b1, and the supply amount of the low-temperature fluid supplied to the mixer 1 is also controlled by the flow rate controller 1e. ing. The flow rate controller 6b1 and the flow rate controller 1e are also controlled by the controller 6ab.

  On the other hand, a particle size detection device 7 as particle size detection means for detecting the particle size of the pulverized raw material is provided on the powder delivery side of the cyclone as the separation device 4. As such a particle size detection device 7, for example, an optically known particle size detection device is used.

  And based on the detection information from the said particle diameter detection apparatus 7, according to the control information from the said controller 6ab, the supply_amount | feed_rate from the fixed supply apparatus 6a1, the flow controller 6b1, and the flow controller 1e is controlled. This control increases or decreases the supply rate of raw materials, liquid nitrogen for supply of raw materials, and the supply amount of cryogenic fluid for transporting particles when the particle size is too large or too small due to the relationship with the particle size of the target material. Control. For example, if the particle size becomes excessive, the raw material supply amount is reduced in principle, but the particle size can be increased by slightly increasing the supply amount or changing the supply amount of liquid nitrogen only for cooling without changing the raw material supply amount. It is also possible to control.

  By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to obtain a raw material atomized product having a target particle size.

In the embodiments so far, the configuration including the cooler 5 that cools the raw material with liquid nitrogen on the upstream side of the mixer 1 is adopted, but the present application keeps the raw material at a low temperature and is kept in a vacuum. In the raw material processing chamber 2, the raw material is ejected from the injection nozzle 2a to the target 2b maintained below the embrittlement point of the raw material, and is pulverized and atomized. If the raw material can be kept at a low temperature, a simpler configuration can be adopted.
Embodiments in which this kind of simplification is performed are the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment.

[Fourth Embodiment]
Hereinafter, 4th Embodiment of this application is described based on FIG.
Constituent parts similar to those of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are given the same numbers in FIG.
Hereinafter, differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described.
In this embodiment, the processing configuration of the raw material-containing cryogenic fluid up to the injection nozzle 2a provided in the raw material processing chamber 2 is different.
As shown in FIG. 4, the mixer 1 in this embodiment includes a gas floating type fluid mixing device (for example, an aerosol) that obtains a mixture by circulating a low-temperature fluid through raw material powder stored in a casing 1a. The generator corresponds to this), and by using the mixer 1, a mixed phase flow in which the raw material powder is mixed with the low-temperature fluid can be obtained. In the example shown in the drawing, a partition plate 1b is provided in a casing 1a for storing raw material powder. The raw material powder is stored in the upper portion of the partition plate 1b, and a low temperature is provided on the lower side of the partition plate 1b. By blowing the fluid, the raw material powder can be floated and conveyed to the injection nozzle 2a by the low temperature fluid.

Furthermore, by providing a known pulverizer 8 and classifier 9 on the downstream side of the fluid mixing device 1, a raw material in a predetermined particle size range can be injected from the injection nozzle 2a.
As the low-temperature fluid used in this embodiment, any one or more of nitrogen, air, oxygen, argon, and helium, and a gas having a temperature not higher than 0 ° C. and higher than the boiling point of the gas can be used.

[Fifth Embodiment]
Hereinafter, 5th Embodiment of this application is described based on FIG.
Components similar to those in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals in FIG.
Hereinafter, differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described.
Also in this embodiment, the processing configuration of the raw material-containing cryogenic fluid up to the injection nozzle 2a provided in the raw material processing chamber 2 is different.
As shown in FIG. 5, the mixer 1 in this embodiment includes a stirrer 1c in a housing 1a, and feeds raw material powder and a liquid as a low-temperature fluid into the housing, A containing cryogenic fluid is obtained. And the structure which sends this mixture into the injection nozzle 2a is taken.

As the low-temperature fluid to be used, liquid nitrogen as described in the use in the cooler can be adopted, and any liquid of ethanol, propanol, or butanol and having a temperature not higher than 0 ° C. and higher than the freezing point of the alcohol can be used. Can be used.
When these liquids are used, the temperature of the raw material can be lowered due to the vaporization of the fluid caused by the injection from the injection nozzle, and it can contribute to the increase in the collision speed to the target.
Pulverization and pulverization can be suitably performed.

[Another embodiment]
(1) In the examples described so far, the raw material-containing low-temperature fluid injected from the injection nozzle into the pulverization processing chamber is set below the embrittlement point in relation to the raw material. Since the temperature of the target is lowered, the low temperature fluid is set to 0 ° C. or less, so that pulverization and pulverization meeting the purpose of the present application can be realized.
(2) In the examples described so far, the example in which the pulverization chamber is used as a vacuum chamber has been shown. However, in the present application, the target and the raw material-containing low-temperature fluid may be set to a predetermined low-temperature state at normal pressure. You may use in the state.
(3) In the second embodiment and the third embodiment, the example of controlling the raw material and / or the low-temperature fluid supplied to the mixer has been shown. Naturally, the supply amount of the cooling medium supplied to the cooler is controlled. May be.
(4) Furthermore, in the examples described so far, the example in which the raw material is supplied in a powder state has been shown. The reason why the raw material is made in this way is that mixing with a low-temperature fluid is possible in the mixer, Furthermore, the form of the raw material is not questioned as long as it can be injected from the injection nozzle.

1 Mixer (mixing means)
2 crushing chamber 2a injection nozzle 2b target 2c temperature maintaining means 2d particle beam concentration detector (particle beam concentration detecting means)
3 Suction pump (outlet means)
3a Suction tube (lead-out means)
4 Separation device (separation means)
5 Cooler (cooling means)
6 Raw material supply amount controller (raw material supply amount control means)
7 Particle size detector (Particle size detector)
100 Micronizer

Claims (15)

A mixing means for generating a mixture of the raw material to be pulverized and the cryogenic fluid;
A pulverization chamber into which the raw material-containing cryogenic fluid generated by the mixing means is guided;
Deriving means for deriving from the pulverization chamber the raw material atomized material pulverized and atomized in the pulverization chamber;
Separating means for separating the raw material atomized product derived from the pulverization chamber by the deriving unit from the derived flow;
The pulverization chamber includes an injection nozzle for injecting the raw material-containing cryogenic fluid into the chamber, and a target with which the raw material-containing cryogenic fluid injected from the injection nozzle collides,
A pulverization apparatus comprising a target surface provided on the target so as to oppose the injection direction of the injection nozzle, and a temperature maintaining means for maintaining the target surface at a temperature equal to or lower than a brittle point of the raw material.   The pulverization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the raw material-containing cryogenic fluid introduced into the pulverization chamber is maintained below the embrittlement point of the raw material.   The pulverization apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pulverization chamber is a vacuum chamber.   A cooling means for cooling the raw material to the embrittlement point by adding a cooling medium that cools the raw material to the embrittlement temperature or less is added to the raw material, and the raw material cooled by the cooling means is supplied to the mixing means The pulverization apparatus as described in any one of Claims 1-3.   The pulverization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the mixing unit is a fluid mixing apparatus that obtains the mixture by circulating the low-temperature fluid through raw material powder stored in a housing.   The temperature maintaining means circulates liquid nitrogen on the back surface of the target to maintain the target below the embrittlement point of the raw material, and the target is a liquid nitrogen cooling type target. The pulverization apparatus as described in any one of these. The cryogenic fluid is
Any one or more of nitrogen, air, oxygen, argon, helium, 0 ° C. or less, a gas having a temperature higher than the boiling point of the gas, or any one or more of ethanol, propanol, butanol, 0 ° C. or less, The pulverizing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is a liquid having a temperature higher than a freezing point.   The pulverization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the low-temperature fluid is liquid nitrogen.   The pulverization apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the cooling medium is liquid nitrogen, and the low-temperature fluid is a gas or a liquid having a boiling point higher than that of the liquid nitrogen. A particle beam concentration detection means for detecting a particle beam concentration of the raw material guided from the injection nozzle to the target;
Based on the detection result of the particle beam concentration detection means, the raw material particle beam guided to the target provided with the raw material supply amount control means for controlling the supply amount of the raw material and / or low temperature fluid guided to the mixing means. The pulverization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the concentration is controlled within a predetermined concentration range. Comprising particle size detection means for detecting the particle size of the pulverized raw material separated by the separation means,
Based on the detection result of the particle diameter detection means, the apparatus is provided with a raw material supply amount control means for controlling the supply amount of the raw material and / or low temperature fluid guided to the mixing means, and the particle diameter of the pulverized raw material is set to a predetermined value. The pulverization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is controlled within a target particle diameter range. A mixing step for producing a mixture of the raw material to be pulverized and the cryogenic fluid;
Introducing the raw material-containing cryogenic fluid produced by the mixing step into the grinding chamber;
A derivation step of deriving from the pulverization chamber the raw material pulverized material pulverized and atomized in the pulverization chamber;
In the pulverization method of pulverizing the raw material through the separation step of separating the raw material atomized product derived from the pulverization treatment chamber from the derivation flow by the derivation step,
The raw material-containing low-temperature fluid is injected into the chamber from an injection nozzle provided in the pulverization chamber, and the raw-material-containing low-temperature fluid injected from the injection nozzle is provided facing the injection direction of the injection nozzle, And the pulverization method which grind | pulverizes the said raw material by making it collide with the target surface maintained at the temperature below the embrittlement point of the said raw material.   The pulverization method according to claim 12, wherein the temperature of the raw material-containing cryogenic fluid introduced into the pulverization chamber is set to be equal to or lower than the embrittlement point of the raw material.   The pulverization method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the pulverization chamber is a vacuum chamber. The pulverization method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein liquid nitrogen is circulated on the back surface of the target to maintain the target below the embrittlement point of the raw material.

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