CN111013795A - Superfine carbon fiber crushing process and crushing device - Google Patents
Superfine carbon fiber crushing process and crushing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111013795A CN111013795A CN201911405234.3A CN201911405234A CN111013795A CN 111013795 A CN111013795 A CN 111013795A CN 201911405234 A CN201911405234 A CN 201911405234A CN 111013795 A CN111013795 A CN 111013795A
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- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
- B02C19/186—Use of cold or heat for disintegrating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/18—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a crushing process of superfine carbon fibers, which comprises the following steps: sequentially carrying out low-temperature treatment, multistage high-speed rotary cutting, air current winnowing and ball milling on the carbon fiber waste to obtain superfine carbon fibers; the temperature of the low-temperature treatment is-60 to-75 ℃; the time of the low-temperature treatment is 5-10 min. According to the invention, before the carbon fiber waste is crushed, the carbon fiber waste is subjected to low-temperature embrittlement treatment, so that carbon fibers with smaller particle sizes can be obtained after subsequent crushing and grinding processes, and the performance of the carbon fibers is not changed. Experimental results show that the particle size of the superfine carbon fiber obtained by the process is 1-5 mu m. The invention also provides a crushing device for the superfine carbon fibers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of secondary recovery of carbon fibers, and particularly relates to a superfine carbon fiber crushing process and a crushing device.
Background
The carbon fiber and the composite material thereof are widely applied to light-weight, high-strength and high-modulus structural materials due to excellent mechanical properties, and the carbon fiber reinforced structural forms are various and comprise carbon fiber felts, carbon fiber textiles or chopped carbon fibers with a certain length, and the adopted matrix is often a thermosetting resin adhesive. In the preparation process of the carbon fiber composite material, due to various limitations of processing technology, the waste material of various carbon fiber felts, carbon fiber fabrics or carbon fiber chopped strands is accumulated, the waste material cannot be normally used as a reinforcement of the composite material, and the conventional treatment methods such as incineration, burial and the like can bring serious environmental pollution.
In recent years, a great deal of experimental research is carried out on the recycling technology of carbon fiber waste at home and abroad, and various recycling processes of carbon fiber reinforced fabric waste are developed. The carbon fiber is subjected to secondary fine crushing by adopting a special means, and is subjected to ultrafine crushing powder treatment on the basis of the chopped carbon fiber filaments to form powder fillers with different particle sizes, and the powder fillers can be filled into a rubber matrix to prepare a composite material reinforced product again, such as a reinforced rubber tire, a reinforced rubber elastic plate and the like. Therefore, how to crush the carbon fibers to obtain carbon fiber powder with smaller particle size is a bottleneck of the existing carbon fiber waste recycling technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a process and a device for crushing superfine carbon fibers, wherein the size of carbon fiber powder obtained by the crushing process is smaller, and the change of the carbon fiber material is caused.
The invention provides a crushing process of superfine carbon fibers, which comprises the following steps:
sequentially carrying out low-temperature treatment, multistage high-speed rotary cutting, air current winnowing and ball milling on the carbon fiber waste to obtain superfine carbon fibers;
the temperature of the low-temperature treatment is-60 to-75 ℃; the time of the low-temperature treatment is 5-10 min.
Preferably, the linear speed of the multistage high-speed rotary cutting is 5-15 m/s.
Preferably, the pressure of the air flow winnowing is 0.5-2 MPa.
Preferably, the diameter of the pore of the air flow winnowing is 0.1-0.5 mm.
Preferably, the ball milling is multi-stage ball milling; the diameter of the grinding ball is 5-30 mm.
Preferably, the carbon fiber waste is a carbon fiber single-layer net tire, a carbon fiber felt, a chopped carbon fiber filament or a carbon fiber filament.
The invention provides a superfine carbon fiber crushing device, which comprises a vacuum feed hopper, a low-temperature treatment chamber, a multi-stage high-speed rotary cutting chamber, an air flow winnowing chamber and a ball milling and grinding treatment chamber which are sequentially connected;
a nitrogen sealed circulator is arranged in the ball milling and grinding treatment chamber; the outer surface of the ball milling and grinding processing chamber is provided with a cooling regulator.
Preferably, the vacuum feed hopper is connected with the low-temperature treatment chamber through a pipeline, and the pipeline is connected with a vacuum pump.
Preferably, the low-temperature treatment chamber is of a sandwich structure, and a circulating liquid nitrogen pipeline is arranged in the sandwich structure.
Preferably, 2-3 groups of high-speed rotating knives are arranged in the multistage high-speed rotating cutting chamber.
The invention provides a crushing process of superfine carbon fibers, which comprises the following steps: sequentially carrying out low-temperature treatment, multistage high-speed rotary cutting, air current winnowing and ball milling on the carbon fiber waste to obtain superfine carbon fibers; the temperature of the low-temperature treatment is-60 to-75 ℃; the time of the low-temperature treatment is 5-10 min. According to the invention, before the carbon fiber waste is crushed, the carbon fiber waste is subjected to low-temperature embrittlement treatment, so that carbon fibers with smaller particle sizes can be obtained after subsequent crushing and grinding processes, and the performance of the carbon fibers is not changed. Experimental results show that the particle size of the superfine carbon fiber obtained by the process is 1-5 mu m.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a cutting system of a device for processing fine carbon fibers, including: the device comprises a vacuum feed hopper 1, a low-temperature treatment chamber 2, a multi-stage high-speed rotary cutting chamber 3, an airflow winnowing chamber 4, a pipeline 5, a vacuum pump 6, a circulating liquid nitrogen pipeline 7, a plurality of groups of high-speed rotary cutters 8, a gear rotor disc 9, a plurality of groups of cutting knives 10, a pipeline 11, a high-speed pneumatic pump 12 and a screening plate 13;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a ball milling system of a device for processing fine carbon fibers, comprising: a ball milling and grinding processing chamber 1, a nitrogen closed circulator 2, a cooling regulator 3 and a multi-stage grinding ball 4.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a crushing process of superfine carbon fibers, which comprises the following steps:
sequentially carrying out low-temperature treatment, multistage high-speed rotary cutting, air current winnowing and ball milling on the carbon fiber waste to obtain superfine carbon fibers;
the temperature of the low-temperature treatment is-60 to-75 ℃; the time of the low-temperature treatment is 5-10 min.
In the invention, the carbon fiber waste can be carbon fiber single-layer net tires, carbon fiber felts, chopped carbon fiber filaments, carbon fiber filaments and other waste; the present invention is not particularly limited to the size of the carbon fiber waste.
In the present invention, the temperature of the low-temperature treatment is preferably-60 to-75 ℃, more preferably-65 to-70 ℃; the time of the low-temperature treatment is preferably 5-10 min. In the existing crushing process of carbon fiber waste, due to the large amount of heat generated by high-speed crushing and ball milling, carbon fibers are in a high-temperature state in the crushing process, and the chemical properties of the carbon fibers are easily changed, so that the crushed carbon fibers are used as fillers and are deficient in particle size and chemical properties. According to the invention, the carbon fiber waste is subjected to low-temperature embrittlement treatment before being crushed, so that the influence of high temperature on the performance of the carbon fiber during crushing is effectively controlled, and the carbon fiber subjected to low-temperature embrittlement can more easily obtain small-size carbon fiber powder.
In the invention, the cutting line speed of the multistage high-speed rotary cutting is preferably 5-15 m/s, more preferably 10-12 m/s, and specifically, in the embodiment of the invention, the cutting line speed can be 5m/s, 10m/s, 12m/s or 15 m/s. The cuts may be co-rotating cuts or counter-rotating cuts to a set.
In the invention, the airflow air separation is to circularly blow high-pressure air into the airflow air separation chamber, and the carbon fiber crushed in the chamber is in a suspension state under the blowing of the high-pressure air and passes through the screening plate. In the invention, the aperture of the screening plate is preferably 0.1-0.5 mm, more preferably 0.2-0.4 mm, and most preferably 0.3 mm.
In the invention, the ball milling is preferably multi-stage ball milling, and the diameter of the used grinding balls is preferably 5-30 mm, more preferably 5-20mm, and most preferably 5-10 mm; the ball milling is preferably carried out in a protective atmosphere to prevent the friction heat from causing high temperature to reach an ignition point in the grinding process to cause combustion. The protective gas is preferably high-purity nitrogen, and the purity of the high-purity nitrogen is preferably 99.99-99.9999%.
The ball milling is preferably carried out at a cooling temperature of-10 to 5 ℃.
The invention also provides a crushing device for the superfine carbon fibers, which comprises a vacuum feed hopper, a low-temperature treatment chamber, a multi-stage high-speed rotary cutting chamber, an air flow winnowing chamber and a ball-milling and grinding treatment chamber which are sequentially connected;
a nitrogen sealed circulator is arranged in the ball milling and grinding treatment chamber; the outer surface of the ball milling and grinding processing chamber is provided with a cooling regulator.
The crushing device is divided into two basic parts of a cutting system and a ball milling system, wherein the cutting system comprises: a vacuum feed hopper, a low-temperature treatment chamber, a multi-stage high-speed rotary cutting chamber and an airflow winnowing chamber; the ball-milling system includes: ball milling grinding chamber, nitrogen closed circulator and cooling regulator.
In the invention, the vacuum feed hopper is connected with the low-temperature treatment chamber through a pipeline, the pipeline is connected with a vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump is used for forming negative pressure drive with certain vacuum degree in the vacuum feed hopper and the low-temperature treatment chamber, wherein the vacuum degree is controlled between-0.06 MPa and-0.1 MPa.
The low-temperature treatment chamber is of a sandwich structure, a circulating liquid nitrogen pipeline is arranged in the sandwich, liquid nitrogen with certain flow rate is introduced into the pipeline and used for constructing a low-temperature environment of the whole treatment chamber, and the whole cooling temperature range is controlled within the range of-60 to-75 ℃.
Two to three groups of high-speed rotating knives are arranged in the multistage high-speed rotating cutting chamber, each group of high-speed rotating knives consists of a gear rotor disc and a plurality of groups of replaceable cutting knives, the multistage high-speed rotating knives can adopt a cutting mode of rotating in the same direction (clockwise or anticlockwise) or rotating oppositely to the corresponding group, and the cutting line speed is controlled to be 5-15 m/s.
The pneumatic air separation chamber is connected with the multistage high-speed rotary cutting chamber through a pipeline, a negative pressure driving device is connected in the pipeline and used for sucking the cut fibers into the pneumatic air separation chamber, a high-speed pneumatic pump is arranged in the pneumatic air separation chamber, the pump pressure is controlled to be 0.5-2 MPa and used for circularly blowing high-pressure air into the pneumatic air separation chamber, and the indoor crushed carbon fibers are in a suspension state. Meanwhile, a screening plate with certain pore arrangement is arranged in the airflow winnowing chamber, the swept suspended carbon fiber filaments pass through the screening plate, the pore size can be adjusted at will according to requirements, and the pore diameter can be controlled to be 0.5mm to 0.1 mm.
The cutting system finally crushes various different carbon fiber raw materials into carbon fiber superfine filaments with adjustable lengths ranging from 0.5mm to 0.1 mm.
The ball milling and grinding treatment chamber in the ball milling system is internally provided with a ball milling tank and grinding balls, the crushed carbon fiber filaments treated in the cutting system are injected into the ball milling tank, the whole tank is internally sealed and is provided with multi-stage grinding balls, and the diameters of the grinding balls are controlled to be flexibly selected between 5mm and 30 mm.
The nitrogen sealed circulator in the ball milling system is connected in a sealed ball milling processing chamber, high-purity nitrogen is introduced into the grinding processing chamber, and the purity of the high-purity nitrogen is in a range of 99.99-99.9999%. Wherein the high-purity nitrogen forms an inert atmosphere protective environment in the ball-milling and grinding processing chamber, so as to prevent the friction heat from causing combustion when the high temperature reaches the ignition point in the grinding process.
The cooling regulator is arranged on the surface of the grinding treatment chamber, certain circulating water is introduced into the pipeline through a circulating pipeline structure, the circulating water is cooled through a refrigerating device, and finally the cooling treatment of the whole grinding chamber is realized, wherein the cooling temperature is controlled to be adjustable within the range of-10 to 5 ℃.
By adopting the crushing device disclosed by the invention, the superfine carbon fibers obtained by the crushing method disclosed by the invention are used as fillers in a rubber matrix to prepare a composite material reinforced product, and the strength, the wear resistance and the high temperature resistance are improved.
The invention provides a crushing process of superfine carbon fibers, which comprises the following steps: sequentially carrying out low-temperature treatment, multistage high-speed rotary cutting, air current winnowing and ball milling on the carbon fiber waste to obtain superfine carbon fibers; the temperature of the low-temperature treatment is-60 to-75 ℃; the time of the low-temperature treatment is 5-10 min. According to the invention, before the carbon fiber waste is crushed, the carbon fiber waste is subjected to low-temperature embrittlement treatment, so that carbon fibers with smaller particle sizes can be obtained after subsequent crushing and grinding processes, and the performance of the carbon fibers is not changed. Experimental results show that the particle size of the superfine carbon fiber obtained by the process is 1-5 mu m.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following will describe the process and apparatus for pulverizing ultrafine carbon fibers in detail with reference to the following examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The method comprises the steps of loading pretreated carbon fiber single-layer net tire waste into a vacuum feed hopper, sucking pretreated raw materials into the vacuum feed hopper through a vacuum driving force of-0.06 MPa, wherein the vacuum feed hopper is connected with a low-temperature treatment chamber through a pipeline. The pretreated raw material is subjected to cooling embrittlement treatment in a low-temperature treatment chamber connected with a circulating liquid nitrogen pipeline at the temperature of-60 ℃. The carbon fiber after cooling embrittlement enters a multistage high-speed rotating cutting chamber, cutting processing with the linear velocity of 5m/s is carried out on the carbon fiber pretreatment material through two groups of high-speed rotating knives which rotate clockwise, the cut carbon fiber is sucked into an airflow winnowing chamber through negative pressure driving, high-pressure air is blown into the airflow winnowing chamber through the pressure of 0.5MPa, the carbon fiber after indoor crushing is formed into a suspension state, the cut carbon fiber is screened through a screening plate with the pore diameter of 0.5mm, and carbon fiber superfine filaments with the length of 0.5mm are preferably selected. Injecting the crushed carbon fiber filaments into a ball milling tank, introducing high-purity nitrogen with the purity of 99.99 percent into the ball milling tank, introducing circulating cooling water into the surface of a grinding chamber of a ball milling system, controlling the temperature of the grinding chamber to be-10 ℃, and grinding the crushed carbon fiber filaments in the ball milling tank by adopting multistage grinding balls with the diameter of 5-10mm to finally prepare the ultrafine carbon fiber powder with the particle size of about 1 mu m, wherein the ultrafine carbon fiber powder with the particle size of 1 mu m accounts for 70-80 percent of the total mass of the powder.
Example 2
The method comprises the steps of loading pretreated carbon fiber felt waste into a vacuum feed hopper, sucking pretreated raw materials into the vacuum feed hopper through a vacuum driving force of-0.1 MPa, wherein the vacuum feed hopper is connected with a low-temperature treatment chamber through a pipeline. The pretreated raw material is subjected to cooling embrittlement treatment in a low-temperature treatment chamber connected with a circulating liquid nitrogen pipeline at the temperature of-75 ℃. The carbon fiber after cooling embrittlement enters a multistage high-speed rotary cutting chamber, cutting processing with the linear velocity of 15m/s is carried out on the carbon fiber pretreatment material through two groups of high-speed rotary cutters which rotate oppositely to each other, the cut carbon fiber is sucked into an airflow air separation chamber through negative pressure driving, high-pressure air is blown into the airflow air separation chamber through the pressure of 2MPa, the carbon fiber crushed in the chamber is formed into a suspension state, the cut carbon fiber is screened through a screening plate with the pore diameter of 0.1mm, and carbon fiber superfine filaments with the length of 0.1mm are preferably selected. Injecting the crushed carbon fiber filaments into a ball milling tank, introducing high-purity nitrogen with the purity of 99.9999% into the ball milling tank, introducing circulating cooling water into the surface of a grinding chamber of a ball milling system, controlling the temperature of the grinding chamber to be 5 ℃, and grinding the crushed carbon fiber filaments in the ball milling tank by adopting multistage grinding balls with the diameter of 5-20mm to finally prepare the ultrafine carbon fiber powder with the particle size of about 5 microns, wherein the ultrafine carbon fiber powder with the particle size of 5 microns accounts for 70-80% of the total mass of the powder.
Example 3
The method comprises the steps of loading the pretreated chopped carbon fiber waste into a vacuum feed hopper, sucking the pretreated raw materials into the vacuum feed hopper through a vacuum driving force of-0.1 MPa, wherein the vacuum feed hopper is connected with a low-temperature treatment chamber through a pipeline. The pretreated raw material is subjected to cooling embrittlement treatment in a low-temperature treatment chamber connected with a circulating liquid nitrogen pipeline at the temperature of-65 ℃. The carbon fiber after cooling embrittlement enters a multistage high-speed rotating cutting chamber, cutting processing with the linear velocity of 10m/s is carried out on the carbon fiber pretreatment material through two groups of high-speed rotating knives which rotate anticlockwise, the cut carbon fiber is sucked into an airflow air separation chamber through negative pressure driving, high-pressure air is blown into the airflow air separation chamber through the pressure of 1MPa, the carbon fiber after indoor crushing is formed into a suspension state, the cut carbon fiber is screened through a screening plate with the pore diameter of 0.3mm, and carbon fiber superfine filaments with the length of 0.3mm are preferably selected. Injecting the crushed carbon fiber filaments into a ball milling tank, introducing high-purity nitrogen with the purity of 99.999% into the ball milling tank, introducing circulating cooling water into the surface of a grinding chamber of a ball milling system, controlling the temperature of the grinding chamber to be-10 ℃, and grinding the crushed carbon fiber filaments in the ball milling tank by adopting multistage grinding balls with the diameter of 5-10mm to finally prepare the ultrafine carbon fiber powder with the particle size of 2 microns, wherein the ultrafine carbon fiber powder with the particle size of 2 microns accounts for 70-80% of the total mass of the powder.
Example 4
The method comprises the steps of loading the pretreated carbon fiber filament waste into a vacuum feed hopper, sucking the pretreated raw materials into the vacuum feed hopper through a vacuum driving force of-0.08 MPa, wherein the vacuum feed hopper is connected with a low-temperature treatment chamber through a pipeline. The pretreated raw material is subjected to cooling embrittlement treatment in a low-temperature treatment chamber connected with a circulating liquid nitrogen pipeline at the temperature of-70 ℃. The carbon fiber after cooling embrittlement enters a multistage high-speed rotary cutting chamber, cutting processing with the linear velocity of 12m/s is carried out on the carbon fiber pretreatment material through three groups of high-speed rotary knives which rotate oppositely to the combination, the cut carbon fiber is sucked into an airflow air separation chamber through negative pressure driving, high-pressure air is blown into the airflow air separation chamber through the pressure of 1.5MPa, the carbon fiber crushed in the chamber is formed into a suspension state, the cut carbon fiber is screened through a screening plate with the pore diameter of 0.4mm, and carbon fiber superfine filaments with the length of 0.4mm are preferably selected. Injecting the crushed carbon fiber filaments into a ball milling tank, introducing high-purity nitrogen with the purity of 99.9999% into the ball milling tank, introducing circulating cooling water into the surface of a grinding chamber of a ball milling system, controlling the temperature of the grinding chamber to be in a range of-8 ℃, and grinding the crushed carbon fiber filaments in the ball milling tank by adopting multistage grinding balls with the diameter of 5-20mm to finally prepare the superfine carbon fiber powder with the particle size of 4 mu m, wherein the superfine carbon fiber powder with the particle size of 4 mu m accounts for 70-80% of the total mass of the powder.
Comparative example 1
Carbon fiber powder was obtained by pulverizing in the same manner as in example 1, except that the carbon fiber powder was prepared without low-temperature treatment in this comparative example.
The carbon fiber powder in the embodiments 1 to 4 and the comparative example 1 is used as the powder filler to reinforce the nitrile rubber, and the performance of the obtained nitrile rubber is tested, and the results show that the nitrile rubber prepared in the embodiments 1 to 4 has the advantages of 20 to 40 percent of strength improvement, 20 to 50 percent of wear resistance improvement and 10 to 30 percent of high temperature resistance improvement compared with the nitrile rubber in the comparative example 1.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A process for pulverizing superfine carbon fibers comprises the following steps:
sequentially carrying out low-temperature treatment, multistage high-speed rotary cutting, air current winnowing and ball milling on the carbon fiber waste to obtain superfine carbon fibers;
the temperature of the low-temperature treatment is-60 to-75 ℃; the time of the low-temperature treatment is 5-10 min.
2. The pulverization process according to claim 1, wherein the linear speed of the multistage high-speed rotary cutting is 5 to 15 m/s.
3. The pulverization process according to claim 1, wherein the pressure of the air current air separation is 0.5 to 2 MPa.
4. The pulverization process according to claim 1, wherein the air current air separation has a pore diameter of 0.1 to 0.5 mm.
5. The pulverization process of claim 1, wherein the ball milling is a multi-stage ball milling; the diameter of the grinding ball is 5-30 mm.
6. The comminution process of claim 1, wherein the carbon fiber waste is a carbon fiber single ply web, a carbon fiber felt, chopped carbon fiber filaments, or carbon fiber filaments.
7. A superfine carbon fiber crushing device comprises a vacuum feed hopper, a low-temperature treatment chamber, a multi-stage high-speed rotary cutting chamber, an air flow winnowing chamber and a ball milling and grinding treatment chamber which are connected in sequence;
a nitrogen sealed circulator is arranged in the ball milling and grinding treatment chamber; the outer surface of the ball milling and grinding processing chamber is provided with a cooling regulator.
8. A comminution device as claimed in claim 7 in which the vacuum feed hopper is connected to the cryogenic chamber by a line to which a vacuum pump is connected.
9. The comminution device of claim 7, wherein the cryogenic treatment chamber is a sandwich structure having a circulating liquid nitrogen line disposed therein.
10. The crushing device according to claim 7, wherein 2-3 sets of high-speed rotating knives are arranged in the multi-stage high-speed rotating cutting chamber.
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