JP2015086510A - Elevated structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structure which can reduce air-conditioning costs while keeping a dwelling environment proper, in terms of a living space immediately below the structure, and which enables disposal object soil to be disposed of at a low cost.SOLUTION: An elevated structure 1 is formed on bearing ground 2. The elevated structure 1 comprises a support 10 and a wall 11, which are elongated upward from the bearing ground 2, a floor slab 20 that is supported by the support 10, and developed ground 30 that leads to a vicinity of an undersurface of the floor slab 20 subjected to fill to predetermined height on the bearing ground 2. A building 50 forming a living space 40 is constructed within the developed ground 30.

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevated structure. Specifically, the present invention relates to an elevated structure formed on a supporting ground.

Conventionally, it has been proposed to construct a building such as a store or an office directly under a viaduct such as a railway or a highway.
For example, it has been proposed to construct a building directly under a viaduct and reinforce portions of the viaduct that are located before and after the building (see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 4272542

However, the above viaducts have the problem that vibrations and noise are generated by railway vehicles and automobiles traveling on the overpass, and these vibrations and noise are transmitted to the building, greatly affecting the living environment of the residents. It was.
Moreover, in such a building, in order to keep room temperature and humidity constant, it is necessary to air-condition and dehumidify with an air conditioner, and reduction of the air-conditioning cost is requested | required.

By the way, there is a case where a large amount of earth and sand is generated from the site due to the construction work of the building and the construction work of the land. In addition, in the water purification plant, a large amount of purified water generation soil such as sediment in rivers removed in the process of generating tap water from the raw water taken, and sediments such as chemicals used in water purification treatment is generated.
Such construction-generated soil and purified water-generated soil are often transported to the suburbs of cities as land to be disposed and disposed of in landfills, which requires considerable disposal costs. Furthermore, in recent years, the number of places for receiving soil subject to disposal has decreased. Therefore, the disposal method of such disposal object soil has been a problem.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an elevated structure that can reduce the air conditioning cost while improving the living environment and can dispose of the disposal target soil at a low cost for the living space directly under the structure.

  The elevated structure according to claim 1 (for example, an after-mentioned elevated structure 1, 1A, 1B) is a structure formed on a support ground (for example, a later-described support ground 2), and the support ground. A support member (for example, a column 10 described later) extending upward from the base plate, a floor slab (for example, a floor slab 20 described later) supported by the support member, and embanked to a predetermined height on the support ground. And a building ground (for example, a building ground 30 to be described later) extending to the vicinity of the lower surface of the floor slab, and a building (for example, a building 50 and 50A to be described later) is built inside the building ground. Features.

  Here, the predetermined height is, for example, a height at which the upper surface of the creation ground is substantially in contact with the lower surface of the floor slab, or a height at which a building provided in the creation ground is covered with soil from above.

According to the present invention, a building whose entire circumference is covered with the created ground is constructed immediately below the floor slab of the elevated structure. At this time, the disposal target soil can be disposed of at low cost by forming the creation ground using the disposal target soil such as construction generated soil or purified water generation soil.
In addition, by covering the building with soil, the room temperature of the living space in the building is prevented from rising during the daytime due to sunlight, etc., while the room temperature of the living space is prevented from decreasing at night. it can. Therefore, the living space in the building is hardly affected by environmental conditions and the like, and the temperature and humidity can be maintained almost constant, so that the air conditioning cost can be reduced.

  In addition, since there are gaps between the particles constituting the soil and the particle size varies, the created ground converts the vibration energy of the floor slab into frictional heat energy between the particles of the soil, and the living space from the floor slab Damping the vibration transmitted to. Therefore, even if a railway vehicle or automobile travels on the floor slab and vibration occurs, vibration transmitted to the living space can be reduced.

Also, since the building built inside the ground is covered with soil, the soil becomes a soundproof wall or soundproof ceiling. , Noise transmitted to the living space can be reduced.
In this way, by covering the building built inside the creation ground with the creation ground, it is possible to reduce the vibration and noise transmitted to the living space, and to exhibit excellent heat insulation performance and sound insulation performance, The living environment of the living space can be improved.

  In addition, by embedding the creation ground to a predetermined height on the support ground, it is possible to bear the loading load of railway vehicles, automobiles, etc. on the floor slab, or the horizontal load that acts during earthquake loads with the creation ground and the support member . In this way, the creation ground bears a part of the load on the floor slab and the horizontal load in the event of an earthquake, so the horizontal cross-sectional area of the support member can be reduced or the support member can be extended in span. The construction cost can be reduced.

  From the above, it is possible to effectively use the soil to be disposed of using the space under the limited elevated structure, and to provide a living space with a favorable living environment at low cost.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an elevated structure between the floor slab and the created ground, a buffer portion (for example, described later) that buffers a disturbance load between the lower surface of the floor slab and the upper surface of the created ground. A buffer 60) is provided.

Here, the disturbance load is, for example, an applied load caused by a railway vehicle, an automobile, an earthquake, a wind, or the like on the floor slab.
According to the present invention, since the buffer portion is provided between the floor slab and the created ground, it is possible to attenuate the vibration and noise caused by the disturbance load and to realize excellent earthquake resistance performance and living environment.

  The elevated structure according to claim 3 includes a retaining wall (for example, retaining wall 70 described later) extending upward from the supporting ground to a predetermined height, and the created ground is formed inside the retaining wall. It is characterized by that.

  According to this invention, since the retaining wall is provided and the created ground is formed inside the retaining wall, the angle of the slope of the created ground can be relaxed, and the slope can be more reliably prevented from collapsing.

  The elevated structure according to claim 4 further includes a slope protection means (for example, a slope protection means 31 described later) for protecting a slope (for example, a slope 30A described later) facing the outside of the created ground. And the lower end of the slope of the created ground is located inside the both ends of the floor slab.

According to the present invention, since the slope facing the outside of the created ground is protected by the slope protection means, it is possible to reliably prevent the slope from collapsing even if the slope is steep.
Further, roads are often provided on both sides of the elevated structure, but according to the present invention, the lower end of the slope of the created ground is located inside the both edges of the floor slab, so the created ground is Interference with the roads on both sides of the elevated structure can be prevented.

  According to the present invention, a building whose entire circumference is covered with the creation ground is constructed immediately below the floor slab of the elevated structure. At this time, the disposal target soil can be disposed of at low cost by forming the creation ground using the disposal target soil such as construction generated soil or purified water generation soil. In addition, by covering the building with soil, the room temperature of the living space in the building is prevented from rising during the daytime due to sunlight, etc., while the room temperature of the living space is prevented from decreasing at night. it can. Therefore, the living space in the building is hardly affected by environmental conditions and the like, and the temperature and humidity can be maintained almost constant, so that the air conditioning cost can be reduced. In addition, since there are gaps between the particles constituting the soil and the particle size varies, the created ground converts the vibration energy of the floor slab into frictional heat energy between the particles of the soil, and the living space from the floor slab Damping the vibration transmitted to. Therefore, even if a railway vehicle or automobile travels on the floor slab and vibration occurs, vibration transmitted to the living space can be reduced. Also, since the building built inside the ground is covered with soil, the soil becomes a soundproof wall or soundproof ceiling. , Noise transmitted to the living space can be reduced. In this way, by covering the building built inside the creation ground with the creation ground, it is possible to reduce the vibration and noise transmitted to the living space, and to exhibit excellent heat insulation performance and sound insulation performance, The living environment of the living space can be improved. In addition, by embedding the creation ground to a predetermined height on the support ground, it is possible to bear the loading load of railway vehicles, automobiles, etc. on the floor slab, or the horizontal load that acts during earthquake loads with the creation ground and the support member . In this way, the creation ground bears a part of the load on the floor slab and the horizontal load in the event of an earthquake, so the horizontal cross-sectional area of the support member can be reduced or the support member can be extended in span. The construction cost can be reduced. From the above, it is possible to effectively use the soil to be disposed of using the space under the limited elevated structure, and to provide a living space with a favorable living environment at low cost.

It is a longitudinal section of an elevated structure concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart of the procedure which builds the elevated structure which concerns on the said embodiment using the existing viaduct. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view (the 1) of the existing viaduct concerning the said embodiment. It is sectional drawing (the 1) for demonstrating the procedure which builds the elevated structure which concerns on the said embodiment. It is sectional drawing (the 2) for demonstrating the procedure which builds the elevated structure which concerns on the said embodiment. It is a flowchart of the procedure which newly installs the elevated structure concerning the said embodiment. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the elevated structure based on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the elevated structure which concerns on the modification of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description of the embodiments, the same constituent elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted or simplified.
[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an elevated structure 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
The elevated structure 1 is formed on the support ground 2. The elevated structure 1 includes a column 10 and a wall 11 (see FIG. 3) as support members extending upward from the support ground 2, a plate-like floor slab 20 supported by the column 10, and the support ground 2. The construction ground 30 is formed so as to fill the predetermined height so as to be in contact with the support column 10 and the wall 11, and the building 50 is formed inside the construction ground 30 to form the living space 40.

The support | pillar 10, the wall 11, and the floor slab 20 are reinforced concrete structures.
The struts 10 are provided at both ends in the width direction of the floor slab 20, and are provided at predetermined intervals along the length direction. The wall 11 is provided between the columns 10. These struts 10 and walls 11 are built on a foundation 12.
On the floor slab 20, two rows of tracks 22 on which the railway vehicle 21 travels are provided.

  The creation ground 30 is obtained by embedding construction-generated soil or purified water-generated soil, and solidifying the entire fill. As a method of solidifying the embankment, a chemical solution injection method that reduces the water permeability of the ground by injecting a chemical solution into the ground, a mechanical stirring method that stirs the solidified material with a machine, a machine while jetting the solidified material at high pressure, There is high-pressure jet stirring that stirs.

Specifically, the creation ground 30 is obtained by adding a solidifying material of about 100 kg / m ³ to a mixture of, for example, sandy soil and viscous soil, and then stirring by a construction machine such as a backhoe. Thereby, since uniaxial compressive strength can be ensured to about 10-20 kg / cm < ² >, the minimum stability of slope 30A is securable.

The pair of slopes 30A facing the outside of the creation ground 30 is protected by slope protection means 31 over the entire surface.
As the slope protection means 31, the surface of the slope 30A is made of a string-like high-strength polyester fiber resin arranged in a grid, and the reinforcement in the form of a plane such as a welded wire mesh covering the surface of the slope 30A, a concrete plate, or a nonwoven fabric There are planting of the surface of the wood or the slope 30A.

The building 50 is reinforced concrete and has a box shape including a wall 51, a ceiling 52, and a floor 53. The building 50 is provided with an entrance 54 that leads to the outside of the creation ground 30.
The living space 40 is a space in which a person lives, surrounded by a wall 51, a ceiling 52, and a floor 53.
The soil cover thickness of the wall 51 and the ceiling 52 is 1 m or more. Specifically, even in the place where the soil cover thickness is the smallest in the living space 40 (indicated by the dimension A in FIG. 1), the soil cover thickness is 1 m or more.

The lower end of the slope 30A of the creation ground 30 is located on the inner side of the both end edges of the floor slab 20 (shown by broken lines in FIG. 1).
Between the floor slab 20 and the created ground 30, a buffer portion 60 is formed between the lower surface of the floor slab 20 and the upper surface of the created ground 30 to buffer the disturbance load.
The elastic coefficient of the buffer 60 is lower than that of the creation ground 30. Specifically, the buffer 60 is formed by a gap between the creation ground 30 and the floor slab 20, a molded product such as polyurethane provided between the creation ground 30 and the floor slab 20, or the creation ground 30 and the floor slab 20. It is a foam that is injected into the gap between and foamed in situ.

Next, a procedure for constructing the viaduct structure 1 using the existing viaduct 3 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
Here, as shown in FIG. 3, the existing viaduct 3 includes a column 10, a wall 11, a foundation 12, a floor slab 20, and a track 22.

  In step S1, as shown in FIG. 4, the building 50 which forms the living space 40 is constructed directly under the floor slab 20 of the existing viaduct 3.

In step S <b> 2, as shown in FIG. 5, the ground is filled and filled up to the vicinity of the lower surface of the floor slab 20 to form the creation ground 30.
In step S <b> 3, as shown in FIG. 1, the buffer portion 60 is formed between the floor slab 20 and the creation ground 30.

Next, a procedure for newly establishing the viaduct structure 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
First, in step S <b> 11, the support column 10, the wall 11, and the foundation 12 are constructed on the support ground 2.
In step S <b> 12, the floor slab 20 is constructed on the column 10 and integrated with the column 10.

  In step S13, the building 50 which forms the living space 40 is constructed directly under the floor slab 20, as in step S1.

In step S14, similarly to step S2, the soil is filled and filled up to the vicinity of the lower surface of the floor slab 20 to form the reclaimed ground 30.
In step S15, the buffer part 60 is formed between the floor slab 20 and the creation ground 30 like step S3.

According to this embodiment, there are the following effects.
(1) A building 50 whose entire circumference is covered with the creation ground 30 is constructed immediately below the floor slab 20 of the elevated structure 1. At this time, it is possible to dispose of the construction-generated soil and the purified water-generated soil at a low cost by forming the creation ground 30 using the construction-generated soil and the purified water-generated soil.
In addition, by covering the periphery of the building 50 with soil, the room temperature of the living space 40 is prevented from rising during the daytime due to sunlight, etc., while the room temperature of the living space 40 is prevented from decreasing at night. it can. Therefore, the living space 40 in the building 50 is hardly affected by environmental conditions and the like, and the temperature and humidity can be maintained almost constant, so that the air conditioning cost can be reduced.

  In addition, since there is a gap between the particles constituting the soil and the particle size varies, the created ground 30 changes the vibration energy of the floor slab 20 to frictional heat energy between the soil particles, thereby generating the floor slab 20. The vibration transmitted to the living space 40 is attenuated. Therefore, even if the railway vehicle 21 travels on the floor slab 20 and vibration is generated, vibration transmitted to the living space 40 can be reduced.

Further, since the building 50 built inside the creation ground 30 is covered with soil, the soil becomes a soundproof wall or a soundproof ceiling, so that the railway vehicle 21 travels on the floor slab 20 to generate noise. However, noise transmitted to the living space can be reduced.
In this way, by covering the building 50 built inside the creation ground 30 with the creation ground 30, it is possible to reduce vibration and noise transmitted to the living space 40 and to exhibit excellent heat insulation performance and sound insulation performance. Therefore, the living environment of the living space 40 can be improved.

  Further, by embedding the creation ground 30 to a predetermined height on the support ground 2, a horizontal load that acts upon a load of a railway vehicle, an automobile, or the like on the floor slab 20 or an earthquake load is applied to the creation ground 30 and the column 10. It can be borne by the wall 11. In this way, the creation ground 30 bears a part of the load on the floor slab 20 and the horizontal load in the event of an earthquake, so the horizontal cross-sectional area of the column 10 and the wall 11 can be reduced, or the column 10 can be made to have a long span. The construction cost can be reduced.

  As described above, the space under the limited elevated structure 1 can be used to effectively use the disposal target soil, and the living space 40 in a favorable living environment can be provided at low cost.

  (2) Since the buffer portion 60 is provided between the floor slab 20 and the creation ground 30, vibration and noise due to disturbance load can be attenuated, and excellent earthquake resistance performance and living environment can be realized.

(3) Since the slope 30A facing the outside of the created ground 30 is protected by the slope protection means 31, it is possible to reliably prevent the slope 30A from collapsing.
In many cases, roads are provided on both sides of the elevated structure 1. However, since the lower end of the slope 30A of the creation ground 30 is positioned inside the both ends of the floor slab 20, the creation ground 30 is elevated. Interference with the roads on both sides of the structure 1 can be prevented.

  (4) Since the floor slab 20 is made of reinforced concrete, the floor slab 20 serves as a heat storage tank. Therefore, the living space 40 is less likely to be warmed and cooled, and the air conditioning cost of the living space 40 is increased. Can be reduced.

  (5) The heat insulating property of the soil is about 1/20 to 1/10 that of a heat insulating material such as glass wool or urethane foam, but the soil cover thickness of the wall 51 and the ceiling 52 of the living space 40 should be 1 m or more. Therefore, it is possible to further reduce the air-conditioning cost while ensuring a certain degree of heat insulation performance and noise prevention performance to improve the living environment.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an elevated structure 1A according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the point which provided the retaining wall 70 in the slope 30A of the creation ground 30 differs from 1st Embodiment.
That is, the retaining wall 70 is a reinforced concrete structure having a substantially L-shaped cross section, and includes a flat plate-like base portion 71 installed substantially horizontally and a flat plate-like wall portion 72 erected on the base portion 71.
The outer surface of the wall portion 72 is located at both end edges (indicated by broken lines in FIG. 7) of the floor slab 20, and the creation ground 30 is formed inside the wall portion 72.

According to this embodiment, in addition to the above (1) to (5), there are the following effects.
(6) Since the retaining wall 70 is provided and the created ground 30 is formed inside the retaining wall 70, the angle of the slope 30A of the created ground 30 can be relaxed, and the slope 30A can be more reliably prevented from collapsing. it can.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and modifications, improvements, etc. within a scope that can achieve the object of the present invention are included in the present invention.
For example, in each of the above-described embodiments, the buffer unit 60 is formed, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the buffer portion 60 is formed when the vicinity of the upper surface of the created ground 30 cannot be sufficiently compacted when embankment is performed and the created ground 30 reaches the lower surface of the floor slab 20. When the soil can be filled between 20 and the creation ground 30, it is not always necessary to provide the buffer portion 60.

Moreover, in each above-mentioned embodiment, although the creation ground 30 was solidified over the whole, it is not restricted to this, You may solidify only the surface layer part of the creation ground 30. FIG.
Moreover, in each above-mentioned embodiment, although the whole slope 30A of the creation ground 30 was protected by the slope protection means 31, not only this but only a part of slope 30A of the creation ground 30 is a slope. You may protect by the protection means 31. FIG.

In each of the above-described embodiments, the building 50 and the retaining wall 70 are reinforced concrete. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the building may be composed of a soil block or a water retaining block.
Specifically, the soil block is a sand block obtained by mixing admixture (inorganic solidification stabilizer FC agent), a curing agent, water and the like into a block shape. By using an inorganic solidification stabilizer in the soil block, it is possible to achieve slope stability using natural materials.

  Further, a water retaining block such as a soil block or a concrete block may be provided on the slope 30A of the creation ground 30. In this way, in the state where the block retains water, the surface temperature in summer decreases by about 19 ° C at the maximum for the earth-based block and by about 9 ° C for the concrete block, as compared with asphalt pavement. . Therefore, it can contribute to the mitigation of the heat island phenomenon.

  Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the building 50 has a box shape. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and as shown in FIG. The building 50A may be constructed.

  Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the building 50 is constructed inside the creation ground 30, and only the entrance 54 of the building 50 is provided facing outside. You may build it facing the outside.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1A, 1B ... Elevated structure 2 ... Support ground 3 ... Viaduct 10 ... Post (support member)
11 ... Wall (supporting member)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 ... Foundation 20 ... Floor slab 21 ... Railcar 22 ... Track 30 ... Creation ground 30A ... Slope 31 ... Slope protection means 40 ... Living space 50, 50A ... Building 51 ... Wall 52 ... Ceiling 53 ... Floor 54 ... Entrance / exit 60 ... buffer part 70 ... retaining wall 71 ... base part 72 ... wall part

Claims (4)

An elevated structure formed on a supporting ground,
A support member extending upward from the support ground;
A floor slab supported by the support member;
An established ground formed by embankment up to a predetermined height on the supporting ground,
An elevated structure characterized in that a building is built inside the creation ground.   The buffer part which buffers a disturbance load between the lower surface of the floor slab and the upper surface of the created ground is provided between the floor slab and the created ground. Elevated structure. A retaining wall extending upward from the supporting ground to a predetermined height;
The elevated structure according to claim 1, wherein the creation ground is formed inside the retaining wall. A slope protection means for protecting the slope facing the outside of the created ground is further provided,
The elevated structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a lower end of a slope of the creation ground is located on an inner side than both end edges of the floor slab.

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