JP2785177B2 - Rock fall, earth and sand, driftwood, avalanche, snow pressure prevention facilities - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention prevents rock fall, earth and sand, driftwood, avalanches, snow pressure, etc., including those called by various names such as lock fences, lock guards, rock fall prevention fences, and avalanche prevention fences (snow guards, etc.). Structure or facility for performing

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional fences for rock fall prevention (or driftwood prevention or avalanche prevention) include a mountain slope or cliff, a road,
Often installed between railways or private houses. The rock fall fence includes a plurality of columns that are vertically erected or spaced apart (some of which are also inclined). These struts are supported by inclined supports as needed. On the side where rocks fall, etc., a plurality of cross members are passed or ropes are erected between the columns. These crosspieces or ropes may be woven with wire mesh or old tires as required. Sand cushions may be provided at the bottom of the fence.

[0003] A place where extremely large rockfalls can be considered,
Avalanche-prone areas, erosion, erosion control,
When using these conventional rock fall prevention fences at sites such as mountain control, the strength is generally insufficient, the absorbed energy is small, and the columns are easily deformed, so it cannot be said that the function can be sufficiently achieved. .

[0004] In terms of the buffering effect, the one composed of a rope and a wire mesh does not have a sufficient buffering effect. In the case of using old tires, there is a problem that the receiving surface such as falling rocks is not uniform, and it is difficult to collect uniform old tires. Sand cushions have a cushioning effect, but are heavy and poor in workability.

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to large rockfalls,
An object of the present invention is to provide a prevention facility having a structure capable of withstanding large energy such as an avalanche.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a prevention facility having a uniform and stable buffering effect.

[0007] Rockfall, earth and sand, driftwood, avalanches,
In a facility for preventing snow pressure or the like, a plurality of pillars are erected at intervals along places where rock fall, earth and sand, driftwood, avalanches, snow pressure, etc. are to be prevented. On each of the front and rear sides of these columns, a plurality of cables extending in the horizontal direction are installed at intervals in the vertical direction between the columns. A plurality of spacing members extending vertically are attached to the front cable and the rear cable at a distance smaller than the distance between the columns, and the distance is set to correspond to the front and rear. Are interconnected by a plurality of connecting members.

The structure and size of the columns, the thickness and the number of cables, etc. are appropriately set according to the expected energy of falling rocks, earth and sand, driftwood, avalanches and the like.

According to the present invention, a plurality of cables are erected on the front and rear surfaces of the column, and have a double structure. Moreover, a plurality of spacing members are attached to a plurality of cables,
Spacing members corresponding to the front and rear are connected by a connecting member. Therefore, the front and rear cables, the spacing members attached to them, and the connecting material for connecting the spacing members constitute a so-called thick elastic body.
Absorbed energy becomes very large.

[0010] The prevention facility according to the present invention is particularly effective for catching graves, earth and sand, etc., which have large energy at the site of sabo and mountain control. It is also useful for preventing large rockfalls from the slopes of mountains near roads, railroads or private houses, and preventing rockfalls caused by water in swamps. It is also used as an avalanche prevention facility, so-called snow fence. Of course, it can also be used as a general safety facility to replace the conventional rock fall prevention fence. Since the prevention facility according to the present invention can be made robust, it can be a permanent structure.

Although it is not always necessary to prevent sabo and driftwood, if the main purpose is to prevent falling rocks or avalanches, a plurality of cables are provided on at least one of the front side and the rear side. It is preferable to provide a net.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a buffer member is provided between the front cable and the rear cable. This further enhances the integrity of the front and rear cables that make up the prevention facility, and achieves uniform and stable energy absorption (buffering effect) even if rock falls collide with any part of the prevention facility. At the same time, the absorbed energy of the prevention facility as a whole increases. In addition, it is possible to expect the effect of protecting the above-mentioned columns, cables, spacing members and the like.

[0013]

1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, falling rocks, earth and sand, driftwood, avalanches,
A facility for preventing snow pressure and the like (a prevention structure) is installed between the slope of the mountain and the road. The mountain-side surface of the prevention facility is called the front surface, and the road-side surface is called the rear surface. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, for the sake of drawing convenience, columns, cross members, spacing members, connecting members, and the like are drawn slightly larger (this is described in the second, third, fourth, and fifth embodiments described later). Figures 3, 4 show examples
The same applies to the fifth and fifteenth).

Terminal pillars 10 and intermediate pillars 20 are erected at appropriate intervals along locations to receive rockfall, earth and sand, driftwood, avalanches, snow pressure, etc. between the mountain slope and the road. I have. The terminal posts 10 are erected at both ends of the prevention facility (only one terminal post 10 is shown), and the intermediate posts 20 are provided at substantially equal intervals. One intermediate support 20 is provided near the terminal support 10. These columns 10 and 20 are concrete foundation
14 firmly fixed to the ground.

The terminal support 10 is composed of four supports (H steel) 11A, 11B erected on the front, rear, left and right, and a cross member which is passed and fixed between the left and right supports 11A and 11B at the front and rear, respectively. (H steel) 12 and a cross member (H steel) 13 which is passed and fixed between the front and rear columns 11A and 11B, and has a very robust structure. A plurality of cross members 12, 13 are provided at intervals in the vertical direction.

The intermediate support 20 includes two front and rear supports (H steel) 21.
A and 21B, and a plurality of cross members (H steel) 22 which are fixed between the columns 21A and 21B and which are vertically spaced and fixed between the columns 21A and 21B, are rigidly constructed.

Between the terminal posts 10 at both ends, a plurality of wire ropes (steel cables) 30 are provided on the front and rear surfaces of the prevention facility.
A and 30B are erected at appropriate intervals vertically. That is, the end of the wire rope 30A on the front side is fixed to the inner support 11A on the front side of the terminal support 10, and a strong initial tension is applied through the cable end fitting (turnbuckle) 31. This wire rope 30A is an intermediate support
The U-bolts 25 are respectively fixed to the rear surfaces of the columns 21A on the front side of 20. Similarly, the wire rope 30 on the rear side
The end of B is fixed to an inner support 11B on the rear side of the terminal support 10, and a strong initial tension is applied via a cable end fitting 31. The wire rope 30B is fixed to one surface of the support 21B on the rear surface side of the intermediate support 20 (either the rear surface as shown in FIG. 1 or the front surface as shown in FIG. 2) by U-bolts 25, respectively. On the front side, the lowermost wire rope 30A is at a height position almost in contact with the ground.

On the front and rear surfaces of the prevention facility, a plurality of spacing members (H steel) 40A, 40B extending in the vertical direction are attached to the wire ropes 30A, 30B at equal intervals between the intermediate posts 20, respectively. In other words, the spacing material 40 on the front
A is a wire rope with U bolt 45 on the front
The space holding member 40B on the rear surface is fixed to the wire rope 30B with a U bolt 45 on the rear surface. These spacing members 40A and 40B are connected to the wire rope 30.
The interval between A and 30B is always kept constant. The wire ropes 30A, 30B are horizontally aligned, and the spacing members 40A,
Since the 40Bs extend in the vertical direction and are provided at appropriate intervals, a strong grid-like surface is formed which receives rockfall, earth and sand, driftwood, avalanches, snow pressure and the like. The spacing members 40A, 40B are floating in the air without being fixed to the base.

Front spacing member 40A and rear spacing member
40B corresponds to the front and rear, respectively. The spacing members 40A and 40B corresponding to the front and rear are connected by a connecting member (H steel) 41 and fixed to each other. A plurality of connecting members 41 are provided at intervals above and below.

The front and rear spacing members 40A and 40B are connected to the connecting member 41.
The front and rear wire ropes 30A and 30B are attached to the front and rear wire ropes 30A and 30B, respectively.
B, the front and rear spacing members 40A and 40B and the connecting member 41 constitute a kind of elastic body having a large width in the front and rear direction (the wire rope has elasticity in the front and rear direction), and can absorb large energy. It becomes possible.

When the main purpose is to prevent a fall or an avalanche, a wire mesh 50 is connected to a wire coil 30A on the front side by a coupling coil 51.
(Or a wire band), and the front of the prevention facility is covered with a wire mesh 50. The wire mesh 50 is provided between the uppermost wire rope 30A and the lowermost wire rope 30A. Wire mesh will be provided on the front, rear or both sides of the prevention facility as required.

FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment.

In this embodiment, the intermediate support 20 is constituted by one single support (H steel). The front and rear wire ropes 30A and 30B are provided with U
It is fixed by bolts 25. In the terminal support 10,
The distance between the front and rear struts 11A and 11B is the first shown in FIG.
It is slightly narrower than the embodiment. Further, the length of the connecting member 41 is also short. Therefore, the prevention facility of the second embodiment has an advantage that it can be installed in a narrow place because the distance between the front and rear faces is slightly narrow. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment.

The prevention facility of the second embodiment (FIG. 3) is erected diagonally and supported by supports 60. As described above, the installation method, form, and shape of the support pillar, etc., can be changed according to the situation of the installation place.

Further, the size of the end support and the intermediate support, the thickness and number of wire ropes, the size of the spacing material and the connecting material, The distance between the front and rear surfaces, the size of the wire mesh, the thickness of the mesh, and the like can be freely changed. As the wire rope, any one such as one coated with polyethylene and one not coated can be used.

FIG. 5 shows a fourth embodiment.

A cushioning material 70 is filled between the front and rear wire ropes 30A and 30B in the prevention facility of the second embodiment shown in FIG.

There are many types (materials), shapes, and sizes of the cushioning material 70 used.

6 and 7 are used as drainage materials for civil engineering used in culverts, etc., and are made by knitting or entangled fibrous resin (for example, polypropylene resin) in a mesh form. It may be formed. Since it is made of entangled fibers, it is resilient, has a lot of space inside, and is lightweight. Any shape such as a cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. 6 and a cubic shape as shown in FIG. 7 can be used. Its size is also arbitrary.

FIGS. 8 to 13 show examples of a cushioning material formed of a rubber material.

FIG. 8 is a cylindrical one, FIG. 9 is a cubic one, FIG. 10 is a cubic rubber material with holes, FIG. 11 is an H-shaped one, and FIG. FIG. 13 shows a rectangular tube (box shape). Thus, the shape of the cushioning material is completely arbitrary. In FIG. 10, the shape of the hole is arbitrary such as a round shape, a square shape, and a hexagon, and the number of holes is also arbitrary from one to many. As shown in FIGS. 10, 12, and 13, when a hole is formed or the inside is hollow, the weight of the cushioning material can be reduced. Preferably, the corners of the cushioning material are chamfered, as shown in FIGS. This allows the wire rope 30
Insertion of the cushioning material between A and 30B is facilitated, and the installed cushioning material is prevented from being torn from the corners.

As shown in FIG. 14, a wire mesh that is rounded into a cylindrical shape may be used as a cushioning material. As the wire mesh, an ordinary rhombus wire mesh or a thick net (thick wire mesh) is used. Thick nets are preferred because they have more space and are lighter. In any case, the material of the cushioning material may be selected according to the expected energy level of rock fall, earth and sand, driftwood, avalanche, and the like.

The cushioning material 70 shown above may simply be placed on the concrete foundation 14. Of course, it can also be tied to the wire ropes 30A and 30B with a rope or the like. Also,
Wire rope 30A, 30B with cushioning material 70 with bolts, wires, etc.
May be fixed and floated in the air. This method is used particularly for a lightweight cushioning material 70.

FIG. 15 shows a fifth embodiment. Here, a tubular or rod-shaped cushioning material 71 is used, and a large number of these cushioning materials 71 are inserted vertically into a region surrounded by the front and rear wire ropes 30A and 30B and the connecting material 41 or the intermediate support 20. ing. Since the cushioning material is small and lightweight, it is advantageous in construction and transportation even when the cushioning material is provided in the already installed prevention facility. The buffer material 71 is, for example, a round steel pipe or a vinyl chloride pipe. A square steel pipe, a log (thinned wood), or the like can be used as the cushioning material 71. By using the thinned wood that is no longer needed as the buffer material 71, it is possible to effectively use the waste wood.

As described above, by filling the cushioning material between the wire ropes before and after the prevention facility, the kind of flexible wall composed of the front and rear wire ropes, the front and rear spacing members, and the connecting members is further increased, Uniform and stable energy absorption can be achieved, and the absorbed energy also increases. As a result, it also leads to protection of the intermediate support, the front and rear wire ropes, and the like.

It goes without saying that a cushioning material can also be provided in the prevention facilities of the first and third embodiments.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a facility for preventing falling rocks, earth and sand, driftwood, avalanches, snow pressure, and the like according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing a part of the prevention facility shown in FIG. 1 from the opposite side.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a prevention facility according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a prevention facility according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a prevention facility provided with a cushioning material according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example of a cushioning material.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an example of a cushioning material.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an example of a cushioning material.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an example of a cushioning material.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an example of a cushioning material.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing an example of a cushioning material.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing an example of a cushioning material.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing an example of a cushioning material.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing an example of a cushioning material.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a prevention facility provided with a cushioning material according to a fifth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Terminal support 20 Intermediate support 30A, 30B Wire rope (cable) 40A, 40B Spacing material 41 Connecting material 50 Wire mesh 70, 71 Buffer material

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of pillars are erected at intervals along a place where rock fall, earth and sand, driftwood, avalanche, snow pressure, etc. are to be prevented, and at the front and rear sides of these pillars, respectively. A plurality of cables extending in the horizontal direction are erected at intervals in the vertical direction between the columns, and each of the cables on the front side and the rear side is separated from the columns by a distance smaller than the distance between the columns. Prevention of falling rocks, earth and sand, driftwood, avalanches, snow pressure, etc., in which a plurality of spacing members extending to the front and rear are attached correspondingly in front and back, and the spacing members corresponding to front and rear are interconnected by a plurality of connecting members. Facility. 2. The facility for preventing falling rocks, earth and sand, driftwood, avalanches, snow pressure, etc. according to claim 1, wherein a net is provided on a plurality of cables on at least one of the front side and the rear side. 3. The facility for preventing falling rocks, earth and sand, driftwood, avalanches, snow pressure, etc. according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a buffer member is provided between the cable on the front side and the cable on the rear side.