JP2015080183A

JP2015080183A - Earphone having howling prevention structure

Info

Publication number: JP2015080183A
Application number: JP2013228724A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 尚久野; Takashi Kuno
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-10-16
Filing date: 2013-10-16
Publication date: 2015-04-23

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide new earphone structure that prevents the occurence of howling in equipment, comprising an earphone and a microphone, such as a hearing aid.SOLUTION: A backside sound of an earphone diaphragm 1, which is an antiphase sound of a normal output sound, is conventionally confined not to come outward. The sound balances normal sound output by being simultaneously taken out from the backside of the diaphragm. Thus, howling is prevented.

Description

補聴器などイヤホンとマイクを持つ機器に使用されるイヤホンのハウリング防止構造を提供するProviding an earphone howling prevention structure used for devices such as hearing aids that have earphones and microphones

従来ハウリングを防止するには高域遮断、位相反転などの手段が提供されているがいづれも実用的に効果が低く重大な課題として残っていたConventionally, measures such as high-frequency cutoff and phase reversal have been provided to prevent howling, but all of them have been practically ineffective and have remained serious problems.

イヤホン振動板の裏面音は正規出力音の逆位相の音であるのは当然であって公知のことである。この逆位相の音は従来忌避されて外部に出ないように密閉されていた。
このせっかくの逆位相音をハウリング防止に有効活用するのがこの発明である。It is a matter of course that the back surface sound of the earphone diaphragm is a sound having a phase opposite to that of the normal output sound. The sound of the opposite phase is conventionally avoided and sealed so as not to go outside.
The present invention effectively utilizes this precious phase sound for preventing howling.

図１にその具体的構造の例を示す。振動板１は駆動部２によって振動する。駆動部は電磁石や圧電素子など各種存在するがここでは記載省略する。
振動板１の裏面の出力をパイプ４によって出力する。
振動板１の正規の出力はそのまま出力管５から出力される。
出力管５には耳栓３が密着している。この構造は従来のイヤホン構造とほとんど同一で異なるのはパイプ４があることのみである。FIG. 1 shows an example of the specific structure. The diaphragm 1 is vibrated by the drive unit 2. There are various types of drive units such as electromagnets and piezoelectric elements, but the description is omitted here.
The output of the back surface of the diaphragm 1 is output by the pipe 4.
The normal output of the diaphragm 1 is output from the output tube 5 as it is.
The ear plug 3 is in close contact with the output tube 5. This structure is almost the same as the conventional earphone structure, and the only difference is that there is a pipe 4.

パイプ４は耳栓３の腹部に開口している。The pipe 4 opens to the abdomen of the earplug 3.

イヤホンが耳孔に挿入されていないとき音出力は振動板表面音と裏面音とがほぼ同様に出力するので相殺されて極めて低出力となる。（音がほとんど出ない）したがってこのときはハウリングが発生しない。
イヤホンが耳孔に挿入されるとパイプ４の開口部は閉鎖されるのでこの出力は阻止されて正規の出力管５のみの出力となり従来のイヤホンとまったく同一の機能となる。
イヤホンが正常に耳孔に挿入されていないときにハウリングが起きなくなるのできわめて快適なイヤホン使用が可能になる。When the earphone is not inserted into the ear hole, the sound output is canceled out because the diaphragm surface sound and the back surface sound are output in substantially the same manner, and the output is extremely low. (There is almost no sound) Therefore, howling does not occur at this time.
When the earphone is inserted into the ear canal, the opening of the pipe 4 is closed, so that this output is blocked and only the regular output tube 5 is output, which has exactly the same function as the conventional earphone.
Since howling does not occur when the earphone is not normally inserted into the ear canal, it is possible to use the earphone extremely comfortably.

図２は異なる構造の実施例である。
振動板１を図１より９０度回転させて配している。この配置によって正規音と逆相音とがよりバランスされるので両音の相殺がさらに有効になる。
さらに図３はオープンエア型と呼ばれるイヤホンに適用した例である。この場合逆相音はイヤホン後部からそのまま放出すればよいが正規音のもれは耳あて１０と外耳皮膚１１との接触条件によって大幅に変化するのでこのもれを打ち消す条件は一定ではなく逆相音の出力を適当に減衰させる必要がある。ここでは逆相音パイプ４の出口に吸音材１２を入れて減衰させているが実際にはこれの調節が必要になる。
なお従来よりバスレフなる構造がスピーカに用いられているがこれは振動板の後方音を音響的に位相反転させて前面より放射して低音の増強を図る方法であってこの発明とは根本的に相違する。FIG. 2 shows an example of a different structure.
The diaphragm 1 is rotated 90 degrees from FIG. By this arrangement, the normal sound and the reverse phase sound are more balanced, so that cancellation of both sounds becomes more effective.
Furthermore, FIG. 3 shows an example applied to an earphone called an open air type. In this case, the reverse phase sound may be emitted as it is from the rear part of the earphone, but the leakage of the normal sound varies greatly depending on the contact condition between the ear pad 10 and the outer ear skin 11, so the condition for canceling this leak is not constant and the reverse phase It is necessary to attenuate the sound output appropriately. Here, the sound absorbing material 12 is put into the outlet of the antiphase sound pipe 4 to be attenuated, but in practice, this adjustment is necessary.
Conventionally, a bass reflex structure has been used for speakers, but this is a method of acoustically inverting the sound behind the diaphragm and radiating it from the front to enhance the bass, which is fundamentally different from the present invention. Is different.

図１は本発明のイヤホンの構造を示す。FIG. 1 shows the structure of the earphone of the present invention. 図２は本発明の別の構造を示す。FIG. 2 shows another structure of the present invention. 図３は本発明の別の構造を示す。FIG. 3 shows another structure of the present invention.

１振動板２駆動部３耳栓４パイプ
５出力管１０耳あて１１外耳皮膚１２吸音材DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Diaphragm 2 Drive part 3 Ear plug 4 Pipe 5 Output pipe 10 Earpiece 11 Outer ear skin 12 Sound absorbing material

Claims

The acoustic structure of an earphone characterized in that the output is also taken out from the back side (opposite side of the vibration output) of the earphone vibration plate and canceled with the output from the diaphragm surface

The earphone acoustic structure according to claim 1, wherein the output from the front surface of the two outputs is used as a normal sound output, and the output from the back surface is simultaneously output from the earplug portion.

The acoustic structure of the earphone according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when the output of the earplug portion is closed by inserting the earphone of the earphone, only the output on the back surface is cut off and only the output from the vibration plate surface is made effective.

The earphone according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the earphone functions as a conventional earphone when the earphone is normally inserted into the ear canal, and the output sound becomes almost zero when the earphone is removed from the ear canal. Acoustic structure of