JP2015068939A - Cymbal - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cymbal having high rigidity and a high silence effect.SOLUTION: A cymbal 1 comprises a net-like part 10 and a fitting part 20. The net-like part 10 has a wire which is arranged in a net-like state. The wire is a member formed by forming a metal such as a stainless steel, a brass or a bronze into a wire-like state. The net-like part 10 has namely a plain-woven structure in which plural first wires and second wires are alternately matching. The first and second wires are not connected by weld or the like. Therefore, the wires contact so as to separate freely at intersection positions of wires (namely the first wire and the second wire). The fitting part 20 is a part to which a support tool for supporting the net-like part 10 is fitted.

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for reducing a sound generated when a cymbal is hit.

  There is a technology to reduce the sound that the cymbal emits when hit. Patent Document 1 describes a cymbal in which a plurality of holes are formed in a metal plate.

Japanese Patent No. 3639103

In the technique of Patent Document 1, in order to further reduce the sound generated by the cymbal when it is struck, it is necessary to increase the area of the portion of the surface of the metal plate where the hole is perforated. There is a possibility that the rigidity of the instrument becomes small and the durability as a musical instrument is inferior.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to realize a cymbal having a high silencing effect while maintaining rigidity.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a cymbal having a wire portion arranged in a mesh shape and having a mesh portion that is detachably contacted at a position where the wire materials cross each other.

In the cymbal, an elastic body may be coated in a region where a hit is made in the mesh portion.
Moreover, the reinforcement member which reinforces the said edge part may be provided in the edge part of the said net-like part.
The net-like portion may include a first wire and a second wire that intersects with the first wire and has a thickness different from that of the first wire.
Further, the mesh portion may have different rigidity depending on the location.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to realize a cymbal having a high silencing effect while maintaining rigidity.

The top view and side view which show the external appearance of the cymbal which concerns on embodiment The figure which expands and shows the X section shown in FIG. A graph showing the noise level of each cymbal when hit with a stick A graph showing the change over time of the relative sound pressure level of the impact sound from the stick A graph showing the noise level of each cymbal when hit with mallet A graph showing the change over time of the relative sound pressure level of the percussion sound caused by mallet Graph for comparing the sound of hitting by sticks and mallets The figure which expands and shows the mesh part of a modification The figure which shows the appearance of the cymbal of the modification Enlarged view of the reinforcing member The figure which expands and shows the mesh part of a modification The figure for demonstrating the other mesh part of a modification The figure which shows the other net-like part of a modification.

<Configuration of Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a plan view and a side view showing an appearance of a cymbal 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The cymbal 1 is a disc-shaped percussion instrument that emits a radiated sound when hit by a player, and includes a net-like portion 10 and an attachment portion 20. The net 10 has a cup 11, a bow 12, and an edge 13. The cup 11 is a bulging portion at the center of the cymbal 1, and the edge 13 is an end portion on the outer peripheral side of the cymbal 1. The bow 12 is a portion sandwiched between the cup 11 and the edge 13. The mesh 10 vibrates and emits a radiated sound when hit by a player. In this manner, the area where the mesh portion 10 is hit is referred to as a hit area S10. The net-like part 10 emits sounds of different timbres depending on where it is hit (any one of the cup 11, the bow 12 and the edge 13). The diameter L1 of the mesh portion 10 is 300 mm in this embodiment. The details of the mesh portion 10 will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion X shown in FIG. The mesh part 10 has the wire 30 arrange | positioned at mesh shape. The wire rod 30 is a member in which a metal such as stainless steel, brass (brass), bronze, or the like is formed in a wire shape. In this embodiment, the wire rod 30 is a member in which stainless steel is formed in a wire shape having a diameter of 0.9 mm. The wire 30 has a plurality of first wires 31 arranged along the direction of the arrow A1 in the drawing, and a plurality of second wires 32 arranged along the direction of the arrow A2 orthogonal to the arrow A1. The net-like part 10 has a so-called plain weave structure in which a plurality of first wire rods 31 and a plurality of second wire rods 32 are alternately raised and lowered. In the present embodiment, the pitch (each interval) P1 of the plurality of first wire rods 31 and the pitch P2 of the plurality of second wire rods 32 are both 2.5 mm. The first wire 31 and the second wire 32 are not fixed to each other by welding or the like. Therefore, the wire rods (that is, the first wire rod 31 and the second wire rod 32) are in contact with each other at a position where they intersect each other (hereinafter referred to as “intersection position”).

  The attachment portion 20 is a portion to which a support that supports the mesh portion 10 is attached. A support is a stand used for attaching a cymbal with a drum set or the like, for example. When the cymbal 1 is attached to the support, when the mesh portion 10 is hit, the vicinity of the attachment portion 20 vibrates as a fixed end, and the edge 13 vibrates as a free end. That is, in the cymbal 1, when the mesh portion 10 is hit, the edge portion (that is, the edge 13) other than the vicinity of the attachment portion 20 of the mesh portion 10 vibrates as a free end.

<Outline of Embodiment>
The cymbal 1 is struck by the striking region S10 of the mesh unit 10 with a stick, mallet, or the like, so that the mesh unit 10 vibrates and emits sound. Hereinafter, the sound generated by the hitting is referred to as “battering sound”. The inventor of the present invention conducted an experiment for comparing the hitting sound of the cymbal 1 with the hitting sound of the conventional cymbal and the hitting sound of a perforated cymbal having a hole in the conventional cymbal (similar to Patent Document 1). Went. The conventional cymbal is a metal plate with no holes formed in a disk shape as shown in FIG. 1. In the experiment, a bronze having a diameter of 310 mm and a thickness of 1.1 mm was used. As the perforated cymbal, a stainless steel one having a diameter of 300 mm, a thickness of 1 mm, a hole diameter of 2 mm, and a hole pitch of 3 mm was used. Comparing the ratio of the area of the striking surface that is open between the cymbal 1 and the perforated cymbal (this is referred to as “aperture ratio”), the cymbal 1 is 40.9% and the perforated cymbal is 40. 4% is almost equivalent.

  FIG. 3 is a graph showing the noise level of each cymbal when hit with a stick. These noise levels are values obtained by collecting and measuring the impact sound of each cymbal with a microphone installed at the same relative position, and are expressed as relative sound pressure levels in dB (decibel). The relative sound pressure levels of the conventional cymbal, cymbal 1 (cymbals of this embodiment), and perforated cymbal were -45, -67, and -62, respectively. That is, compared with the conventional cymbals, the noise level of the perforated cymbals was reduced by 17 dB, but that of the cymbals 1 was lowered by 22 dB, which was larger than that.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing a temporal change in the relative sound pressure level of the hitting sound by the stick. In FIG. 4, the vertical axis represents the relative sound pressure level (unit: V (volts)), and the horizontal axis represents time (unit: seconds). As can be seen from the results shown in this figure, the cymbal 1 not only has the maximum volume, but also the volume and the decay period at the time of attenuation are smaller than those of the perforated cymbal.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the noise level of each cymbal when hit with a mallet. In this experiment, the relative sound pressure levels of the conventional cymbal, cymbal 1 and perforated cymbal were -42, -62 and -55, respectively. That is, compared to the conventional cymbals, the perforated cymbals lowered the noise level by 13 dB, and the cymbals 1 decreased by 20 dB, which is larger than that.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the temporal change in the relative sound pressure level of the striking sound due to mallet. As shown in this figure, even when the cymbal 1 is hit with a mallet, not only the maximum volume but also the volume and the decay time at the time of attenuation are smaller than those of the perforated cymbal.

  As can be seen from the experimental results of FIGS. 3 to 6, the cymbal 1 has a lower impact sound than the perforated cymbal having the same aperture ratio. The reason is that when the cymbal 1 is viewed in a three-dimensional manner (for example, obliquely with respect to the striking area), the opening ratio when facing the striking area is almost equal to the perforated cymbal. As compared with the perforated cymbals, there are many gaps and the aperture ratio is large. Also, it is known that even if the aperture ratio is the same, the smaller the effective vibration effective area is, the smaller the radiated sound pressure is, but in the case of a perforated cymbal, if the shape is such that stress is difficult to concentrate to ensure rigidity, The effective area of continuous vibration tends to increase. On the other hand, in the case of the cymbal 1, since the value obtained by multiplying the length and thickness of the wire is the maximum value of the continuous effective vibration area, the value tends to be smaller than the perforated cymbal if the material is the same. . That is, the cymbal 1 is likely to have a smaller effective vibration area than the perforated cymbal, and the impact sound is likely to be reduced. Further, in the cymbal 1, the fact that the cross section is not a flat surface but a curved surface is a factor for reducing the impact sound.

  Also, in the cymbal 1, the wires are independent from each other as described above, and the wires can be separated from each other at the intersection position. Therefore, compared to the case where the wires are fixed to each other at the intersection position by welding or the like. The energy of vibration generated in the struck wire rod 30 is difficult to be transmitted to the other wire rods 30. Therefore, the vibration at the time of striking mainly converges only around the hit wire, it is difficult to be transmitted to the entire cymbal, and the vibration mode is difficult to be excited. In contrast, conventional cymbals and perforated cymbals are formed integrally as a whole, so that vibrations at the time of impact are easily transmitted to the entire cymbals and vibration modes are easily excited. This is also a factor that the relative sound pressure level of the impact sound of the cymbal 1 is smaller than that of the perforated cymbal.

  From the above, if the relative sound pressure level of the percussion sound of the perforated cymbal is set to the same level as that of the cymbal 1, the aperture ratio must be made larger than that of the cymbal 1, and the cymbal of the cymbal is correspondingly increased. The rigidity becomes small. On the other hand, even if the cymbal 1 has an aperture ratio that is about the same as that of the perforated cymbal, the rigidity is not reduced like the perforated cymbal, and a relatively high silencing effect is obtained as shown in the above experimental results. It is obtained. Thus, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to realize a cymbal having a high silencing effect while maintaining rigidity.

Next, the difference in the hitting sound when the object hitting the cymbal 1 is different will be described.
FIG. 7 is a graph for comparing the hitting sound of the stick and mallet. FIG. 7 (a) shows the change over time of the relative sound pressure level (unit: V (volt)) of each striking sound, and FIG. 7 (b) shows the vibration level (unit) for each striking sound frequency. Is dB (decibel)). As shown in FIG. 7A, the mallet hitting sound has a longer cycle and a simple waveform compared to the hitting sound of the stick. Further, as shown in FIG. 7B, the impact sound of mallet is generated at the vibration level of the same level as that of the impact sound of the stick for components below 500 Hz, but the vibration level exceeds 500 Hz. The vibration level gradually decreases, and at 1 kHz or more, the vibration level is significantly lower than the hitting sound from the stick. As described above, the cymbal 1 can express the difference in the hitting sound depending on the hit object.

(Modification)
The above-described embodiment may be modified as follows. In addition, you may combine each of embodiment mentioned above and the following modifications.
(Modification 1)
In the net-like portion, an elastic body such as natural rubber, urethane, or silicon may be coated on the hitting area (the area where the hit is made).
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view showing the mesh portion of the present modification. FIG. 8A shows a cross section of the mesh portion 10 in the hitting region S10 shown in FIG. FIG. 8B shows a cross section of the mesh portion 10a in which the natural rubber 40 is coated in the hitting region S10. When the striking area S10 of the mesh portion 10a is hit with a stick, for example, the stick comes into contact with the natural rubber 40 which is not a metal wire but an elastic body, so that no collision sound occurs when the stick comes into contact with the metal. Thereby, compared with the case where an elastic body is not painted, the silencing effect can be further enhanced.

(Modification 2)
A reinforcing member that reinforces the edge portion may be provided at the edge portion of the net-like portion. For example, in the case of the cymbal 1 shown in FIG. 1, the edge of the net-like portion includes an edge on the inner peripheral side (that is, the attachment portion 20 side) and an edge on the outer peripheral side (that is, the edge 13).
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the appearance of the cymbal of this modification. In FIG. 9, a cymbal 1b provided with reinforcing members 51 and 52 is shown. The reinforcing member 51 is provided on the inner peripheral edge, and the reinforcing member 52 is provided on the outer peripheral edge.
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of the reinforcing member. In FIG. 10A, the reinforcing member 51 is shown, and in FIG. 10B, the reinforcing member 52 is shown. The reinforcing members 51 and 52 are, for example, long and thin plate-like stainless materials having a thickness of 0.5 mm. By attaching these stainless materials so as to cover the respective edges by bending, the edges are reinforced. Yes.

For example, in the mesh portion 10 shown in FIG. 1, the plurality of first wire rods 31 and the plurality of second wire rods 32 are only in contact with each other at the crossing positions so as to be separated from each other. Fraying can occur. According to this modification, such a fraying can be prevented by providing the reinforcing member at the edge.
The reinforcing member is not limited to that shown in FIG. For example, it is good also as a reinforcement member by welding and fixing the stainless steel material formed in the shape of a ring to an edge.

(Modification 3)
In said embodiment, although the thickness of the wire was constant, you may differ according to a place. For example, the portion of the wire that is struck is thinner than the portion that is not struck.
FIG. 11 is an enlarged view showing a cross section of the mesh portion of the present modification. In FIG. 11, a net-like portion 10c including a plurality of first wire rods 31c and second wire rods 32c is shown. An alternate long and two short dashes line indicates a plane D1 including a portion where these wires are in contact with each other. The striking region S10 side of the plane D1 (that is, the portion where the wire is hit) has a wire diameter L11, and the opposite side of the striking region S10 than the plane D1 (ie, the portion where the wire is not hit) is The diameter of the wire is L12 (L11 <L12) which is larger than L11. As the diameter of the wire becomes smaller, the hitting sound becomes smaller, while as the diameter becomes larger, the rigidity becomes larger. According to this modification, by making L11 smaller than L12, it is possible to increase the rigidity of the entire mesh portion while suppressing the hitting sound emitted to the hitting region S10 side.

In addition to the example of FIG. 11, for example, the mesh portion may include a first wire and a second wire that intersects the first wire and has a thickness different from that of the first wire. The net-like part in that case is shown in FIG.
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing another mesh portion of this modification. In FIG. 12, a mesh portion 10d viewed from the striking region side is shown. The mesh portion 10d includes a first wire 31d and a second wire 32d that intersects the first wire 31d and has a thickness different from that of the first wire 31d. The second wire rod 32d has a smaller diameter than the first wire rod 31d. As shown in the cross-section AA and the cross-section BB in the drawing, the plurality of first wire rods 31d are all arranged in a straightly extending shape (straight shape) at intervals, and the plurality of second wire rods 32d are The first wire rod 31d extends in a direction crossing the first wire rod 31d, and is arranged so as to alternately contact the striking region side of the first wire rod 31d and the opposite side thereof.

  As a result of the above arrangement, the second wire 32d has a portion closer to the surface side of the cymbal than the first wire 31d (hereinafter referred to as “surface side portion”, for example, the surface side portion 321d shown in FIG. 12). The first wire rod 31d is arranged at a position farther from the surface side of the cymbal than the surface side portion 321d. For this reason, the second wire 32d having a smaller diameter protrudes on the surface side of the mesh portion 10d and is more easily hit than the first wire 31d having a larger diameter. That is, in the net-like portion 10d, the portion where the wire is struck is mostly the second wire 32d, and is thinner as a whole compared to the portion where the struck is not made, that is, the portion containing a large amount of the first wire 31d. (More specifically, the average diameter is smaller). Thereby, the rigidity of the whole mesh-like part can be enlarged, suppressing a hitting sound.

  FIG. 13 is a diagram showing still another mesh portion of the present modification. In FIG. 13, as in the example of FIG. 12, a net-like portion 10 e including a first wire 31 e having a large diameter and a second wire 32 e having a small diameter is illustrated. The net-like part 10e is different from the example of FIG. 12 in that the second wire 32e has a straight part 33e protruding on the surface of the net-like part 10e rather than the first wire 31e in the gap between the adjacent first wire 31e. . The straight portion 33e is also a surface side portion of the mesh portion 10e. In the cymbal provided with the mesh portion 10e, compared to a cymbal having no linear portion, the portion protruding from the surface of the mesh portion 10e in the second wire 32e is increased, and the second portion in the portion where the wire is hit. The ratio of the wire becomes larger and the hitting sound can be further suppressed.

(Modification 4)
In the embodiment, the wire is a member made of metal. However, the wire is not limited thereto, and may be made of a resin such as plastic. In this case as well, the wire may be any one that is arranged in a net shape so that the wires come into contact with each other so as to be separated from each other at the crossing position, and vibrates and emits a radiated sound when the player strikes.

(Modification 5)
In the embodiment, the wire has a circular cross section. However, the wire is not limited to this, and the cross section may be an ellipse or a rectangle. In the embodiment, the plurality of wire rods are arranged in a net shape. However, a single long wire rod may be arranged so as to be knitted while being folded back at an edge portion to form a net-like portion. In short, the wire material may be any shape as long as it is arranged in a net shape and can contact the wire materials so that they can be separated at the crossing position.

(Modification 6)
The net-like portion has a plain weave structure in the embodiment, but is not limited thereto. The net-like portion may have a structure such as a twill weave, a flat tatami mat, a flat top weave, or a structure that can form a rhombus or triangle mesh. In addition, although the net part has the same structure as a whole in the embodiment, different structures may be mixed. In short, the net-like portion may have any structure, as long as the wire is arranged in a net and the wires are in contact with each other so as to be separated from each other at the crossing position.

(Modification 7)
In the above embodiment, since the thickness and pitch (interval of the wire) of the wire are constant, the rigidity of the mesh portion is constant regardless of the location, but the stiffness may be different depending on the location. For example, the mesh portion has a higher rigidity as it is closer to the attachment portion. In order to vary the rigidity of the mesh portion, for example, the thickness of the mesh portion may be varied. For example, by increasing the thickness of the mesh portion as it is closer to the attachment portion, the rigidity increases as it is closer to the attachment portion. On the contrary, the thickness of the mesh portion may be reduced as it is closer to the attachment portion, and the rigidity may be reduced as it is closer to the attachment portion. In any case, compared with the case where the thickness is constant, that is, the rigidity is constant, the difference in the hitting sound when hitting the position where the distance from the attaching portion of the mesh portion is different can be increased.

In this modified example, the rigidity may be varied by changing the pitch of the adjacent wires. For example, the net-like portion includes a wire rod that is radially arranged around the attachment portion (this is called “radial wire”) and a wire rod that is also arranged concentrically around the attachment portion (this is called “concentric wire”). ). As the radial wire is closer to the attachment portion from its structure, the pitch is reduced and the rigidity is increased. Moreover, the rigidity of the attachment part side can be further increased by reducing the pitch of the concentric wire rods as it is closer to the attachment part.
In addition to the above method, the rigidity may be varied depending on the location, for example, by changing the knitting method or changing the thickness of the wire or the rigidity of the wire. In short, in the cymbal of this modification, it is sufficient that the rigidity differs depending on the location of the mesh portion.

(Modification 8)
The cymbal of the present invention may be used as a hand cymbal. In that case, a strap attached to hold the cymbal by hand is used as a support. Alternatively, two cymbals may be stacked and attached to a stand to be used as a hi-hat. The shape of the cymbal is not limited to the disk shape as shown in FIG. In addition, the shape of a China cymbal with the edge side curved may be used, or the shape of a bell with an independent cup portion may be used. In short, if the attachment part is attached to the support and the mesh part is struck, the edge part of the mesh part other than the vicinity of the attachment part will vibrate as a free end, and any shape will be used. You may do it.

(Modification 9)
The cymbal may be provided with a hitting area other than the mesh portion. The cymbals of this modification include, for example, a fan-like net-like portion, a plate-like portion formed of bronze as a material and a fan-like shape, and an attachment portion. In this cymbal, the boundary between the mesh portion and the plate portion in the cup is welded to each other. On the other hand, the boundary between the mesh portion and the plate portion in the bow is not welded to each other, and even if the mesh portion vibrates, vibration is hardly transmitted to the plate portion at the boundary in the bow. According to this modification, the performer, for example, strikes the mesh portion when he / she wants to mute during practice in the room, and strikes the plate portion when he / she wants to make a loud sound during practice in the studio, etc. Depending on the surrounding situation, the loudness of the cymbal hitting sound can be used properly.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cymbal, 10 Net part, 11 Cup, 12 Bow, 13 Edge, S10 Striking area | region, 20 Attachment part, 30 Wire rod, 31 1st wire rod, 32 2nd wire rod, 40 Elastic body, 51, 52 Reinforcement member, 60 Plate shape Department.

Claims (5)

A cymbal having a net-like portion that has wire rods arranged in a net-like shape and is in contact with each other at a position where the wire rods cross each other in a separable manner. The cymbal according to claim 1, wherein an elastic body is coated in a region where a hit is made in the mesh portion. The cymbal according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a reinforcing member that reinforces the edge is provided at an edge of the mesh portion. The cymbal according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the mesh portion includes a first wire and a second wire that intersects the first wire and has a thickness different from that of the first wire. The cymbal according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the mesh portion has different rigidity depending on a location.

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