JP2015059281A - Fabric for handkerchief, and handkerchief - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a handkerchief that is excellent in morphological stability, water absorption, texture, and design.SOLUTION: A fabric for a handkerchief is made with a multilayered thread whose core part is a short fiber of a synthetic fiber and sheath part is a cellulose short fiber. The ratio of the cellulose short fiber of the sheath part and the synthetic fiber of the core part (the cellulose short fiber:the synthetic fiber) in the multilayered thread is from 50:50 to 80:20 on a weight basis.

Description

  The present invention relates to a handkerchief fabric and a handkerchief which are excellent in form stability, water absorption, texture and design.

  Conventionally, handkerchiefs having excellent shape stability and high water absorption have been demanded, and methods of centrifugal dehydration, drying, pressing, and curing after spraying or dipping a resin processing agent or a catalyst have been actively implemented. However, products processed by vapor phase (VP) with formaldehyde have excellent tensile strength, tear strength, and wear resistance, although they have excellent shape stability (W & W properties after repeated washing, pleating properties, puckering properties, shape retention properties, etc.). There was a problem of significant decrease.

  Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-72773) and Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-77573) are provided with a cyclic urea compound having at least two methylol active hydrogens and latent acidic catalysts. A method for improving tensile strength, tearing strength, and abrasion resistance by gas phase processing with an agent capable of crosslinking cellulose to a fiber product containing cellulosic fibers has been proposed. A decrease in strength appears because of the penetration of (formaldehyde, etc.) into the fiber. In addition, formaldehyde has an acute poisoning centered on irritation to mucous membranes due to its concern about the effects on the human body, and it needs to be handled with great care.

Further, Patent Document 3 (Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-80456) and Patent Document 4 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-345406) propose a handkerchief composed of natural fibers and synthetic fibers as a handkerchief having excellent water absorption and texture. . Patent Document 3 discloses a wiping cloth in which natural fibers and ultrafine synthetic fibers having a single yarn fineness of 0.001 to 0.5 denier are used in combination and at least 80% of the cloth surface is covered with synthetic fibers. Describes that there is little fluffing off, excellent wiping characteristics, and excellent water absorption, water retention, touch and texture.
Patent Document 4 describes a handkerchief formed by using a natural fiber of 20 to 60 wt% and an ultrafine synthetic fiber having a single yarn fineness of 0.001 to 0.5 denier. The handkerchief of Patent Document 4 is antibacterial processed, has excellent wiping characteristics, good water absorption, water retention, texture and texture, has little fluffing on the wiping surface, and has antibacterial properties even after repeated industrial washing. It is described that there is little decrease.

  However, in all of these inventions, wiping cloth is the main application, and from the viewpoint of reducing fluff loss on the surface, it is a structure in which ultrafine synthetic fibers are arranged on the surface of the fabric, compared with handkerchiefs using natural fibers. Then, the texture was inferior.

  On the other hand, handkerchief raw fabric using natural fibers is generally woven with a plain weave structure using cotton yarn, 40 to 80 count (English count) fine yarn as warp and weft. Power is not enough and texture is inferior. In addition, when the double yarn of 80 to 160 is used, the strength and texture are improved, but there are disadvantages such as an increase in manufacturing steps and an increase in manufacturing time as well as an increase in manufacturing cost.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-72773 JP-A-10-77573 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-80456 JP 2000-345406 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide a handkerchief fabric and a handkerchief having a tenacity equivalent to that of a handkerchief using a blended yarn of a synthetic fiber and a short cellulose fiber, and having excellent shape stability, texture and water absorption. is there.

  As a result of intensive studies, the inventors of the present invention have formed a fabric using a multi-layered yarn having a sheath portion of a cellulose fiber on the surface of the fiber and a synthetic fiber disposed on the core portion. It is found that a handkerchief fabric having good texture and water absorption, quick drying and shape stability by the synthetic fiber of the core, having the same strength as a blended yarn and excellent in design can be obtained. The invention has been reached. That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows.

(1) A handkerchief fabric using a multi-layered yarn in which a short fiber of a synthetic fiber is arranged in a core portion and a cellulose short fiber is arranged in a sheath portion, and the cellulose short fiber and the core in the sheath portion in the multi-layer yarn A handkerchief fabric characterized in that the ratio of the synthetic fibers in the part (cellulose short fibers: synthetic fibers) is 50:50 to 80:20 based on weight.
(2) The handkerchief fabric according to (1), wherein the twist coefficient of the multi-layer yarn is a single-twisted cotton-type twist coefficient (K) of 2.0 or more and 4.2 or less.
(3) The handkerchief fabric according to (1) or (2), wherein the multilayer yarn is dyed.
(4) The fabric for handkerchiefs according to (1), wherein the fabric thickness is 0.2 to 1.0 mm, and the fabric weight is 50 to 150 g / m ² .
(5) The water-absorbing fabric according to (1), wherein the water-absorbing property after initial 10 washing is within 10 seconds.
(6) The handkerchief fabric according to (1), wherein in the processing step, heat setting is performed at a temperature of 170 to 210 ° C. and a processing time of 15 to 40 seconds.
(7) The handkerchief according to (1), wherein the dough shape is a woven fabric, the cover factor (CF) is 15 to 30, the tear strength is 10N or more in width, and the dimensional change rate is ± 1% or less. Fabric.
(8) A handkerchief manufactured from the handkerchief fabric according to any one of (1) to (7).

  According to the present invention, by using a multi-layered yarn having cellulose fibers on the surface (sheath side), the texture is superior to a handkerchief made of a yarn in which synthetic fibers and cellulose fibers are mixed, quick-drying, dimensional stability A handkerchief with excellent properties can be obtained. In addition, a handkerchief having a high strength and excellent design can be obtained compared to a handkerchief made of 100% cotton. Furthermore, dimensional stability can be improved by applying heat set processing in the processing process, eliminating the need for gas phase processing with a chemical capable of crosslinking cellulose, which also affects the environment such as drainage load in terms of cost. The impact can be kept to a minimum.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The multi-layer yarn used in the present invention has a two-layer structure with a core-sheath cross section, and both the core and the sheath are made of short fibers. The phrase “both core portion and sheath portion are made of short fibers” means that both the core portion and the sheath portion are formed of a plurality of short fibers, and does not mean that the core portion and the sheath portion are formed of one short fiber. Moreover, a short fiber refers to the short fiber (staple) which is not a continuous fiber.

  As a material constituting the short fiber of the synthetic fiber used for the core of the multilayer yarn used in the present invention, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytritylene terephthalate, polylactic acid, nylon 6, Examples thereof include aliphatic polyamides such as nylon 66, polyvinyl alcohols such as vinylon, and polyolefins such as polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole, polyacrylate, polyethylene, and polypropylene. Polyethylene terephthalate, vinylon and nylon are preferred.

  In addition, for short fibers of synthetic fibers, various additives as necessary, for example, matting agents, heat stabilizers, antifoaming agents, color modifiers, flame retardants, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, infrared absorbers An agent, a fluorescent brightening agent, and the like may be added.

  The single yarn fineness and fiber length of the short fibers of the synthetic fiber used in the present invention are not particularly limited, but preferably 0.6 to 1.7 dtex as the single yarn fineness and 32 to 51 mm as the fiber length. Is desirable.

Examples of short fibers of cellulose fibers used for the sheath include vegetable fibers such as cotton, hemp, bamboo, and solvent-spun cellulose fibers such as rayon, lyocell, modal, polynosic, and cupra. Among these, cotton, rayon, and lyocell are preferred. is there.
The single yarn fineness and fiber length of the short fiber of the cellulose fiber used in the present invention are not particularly limited, but the single yarn fineness is preferably 0.5 to 3 dtex, more preferably 0.7 to 1.6 dtex. The fiber length is preferably 30 to 60 mm, and more preferably 35 to 55 mm. By using short fibers as both synthetic fibers and cellulose fibers constituting the multi-layer yarn, at least one of them is made more flexible than the multi-layer yarn obtained from long fibers, and has excellent texture. can do.

  In the multi-layer yarn used in the present invention, the weight ratio of the short fibers of the synthetic fibers arranged in the core portion needs to be 20 to 50% by weight. When the weight ratio of the core is 50% by weight or more, the texture is inferior due to the low coverage of the cellulose fiber in the sheath. Further, when the weight ratio of the core is 20% by weight or less, the form stability is inferior.

  The twist coefficient of the multilayer yarn used in the present invention is preferably in the range of 2.0 to 4.2. The twist coefficient K is K = Tw / √S1 [where Tw is the number of twists (times / inch) (1 inch = 2.54 cm), and S1 is the spun yarn fineness (English cotton count). By setting the twisting coefficient to 2.0 to 4.2, it is possible to make the fabric excellent in texture while maintaining the strength of the resulting fabric at a certain level or more.

Next, a method for obtaining a multi-layer yarn used in the present invention will be described.
As the spun yarn used for the handkerchief fabric of the present invention, for example, a rough yarn made of each short fiber is prepared, and a raw yarn made of a synthetic short fiber (hereinafter referred to as a short fiber A) arranged in the core is used. Spinning is simultaneously performed while a coarse yarn made of cellulose short fibers (hereinafter referred to as short fibers B) disposed on the sheath is disposed on the sheath side on the core side. Alternatively, a sliver made of each short fiber is prepared, and a sliver made of short fiber A is placed on the core side and a sliver made of short fiber B is placed on the sheath side while simultaneously spinning, and the composite roving obtained later is refined. It can be manufactured by spinning.

Specifically, in the former method, first, a roving yarn of each of the short fiber A and the short fiber B is prepared by a series of spinning processes.
Next, each roving is introduced into the ring spinning machine, and spinning is performed while increasing the feeding amount on the sheath side from the core side. At this time, each roving is introduced into the same draft area in parallel. As the roving yarn to be introduced, one core side and one sheath side may be basically used. However, from the viewpoint of improving the coverage of the spun yarn, a plurality of roving yarns are used on the sheath side to form one core side roving. A method of covering the yarn can also be adopted.

On the other hand, in the latter method, first, a sliver for each of the short fiber A and the short fiber B is prepared by a series of spinning processes. Next, each sliver is introduced into the roving machine. At this time, each sliver is introduced into the same draft area in parallel, and at the same time, the core-side sliver is introduced to the outside of the draft area and the sheath-side sliver is introduced to the inside as viewed from the flyer head. The angle between the draft axis direction (however, the yarn traveling direction) of the core side sliver and the front roller final nip point of the core side sliver and the flyer head (however, the yarn traveling direction) is projected onto the horizontal plane. At this time, it is set so as to satisfy the range of 0 to 60 °. Furthermore, by supplying the sheath side sliver to the core side at a higher speed than the sliver, the sheath side is slightly loosened while the core side is slightly stretched.
By carrying out like this, as a result of the twist by rotation of a flyer being propagated intensively to a core side sliver, a sheath side sliver can be wound around a core side sliver. After obtaining the roving, the multi-layer yarn of the present invention can be obtained by spinning using a known spinning machine.
In the present invention, a handkerchief excellent in form stability, texture and water absorption can be obtained by using a spun yarn having a core-sheath structure obtained in the above-described process.

  The handkerchief fabric of the present invention is preferably used by further dyeing the multilayer yarn obtained by the spinning method. Although the dyeing method is not particularly limited, the yarn dyeing can be dyed using cheese dyeing or dyeing with a package (cheese) dyeing machine, or other known techniques. Among them, dyeing with a package dyeing machine is more preferable because the bath ratio is small, economical and free from yarn disturbance.

  Before dyeing, scouring, bleaching and mercerization are performed as necessary, and then dyeing is performed, but it is preferable to dye each of the synthetic fibers used in the core and the cellulose fibers in the sheath. The dyes for dyeing synthetic fibers and cellulose fibers may be dyes suitable for them. Synthetic fibers and cellulose may be dyed at the same time (one bath dyeing method), or the synthetic fibers may be dyed, reduced and washed, and then the cellulose side may be dyed. You may dye by (two bath dyeing | staining method).

  It is preferable from the viewpoint of design and the like that the core and the sheath are dyed so as to have the same color tone. In the multi-layer yarn of the present invention, the cellulose fiber on the sheath side covers the surface, but by dyeing the core as well, a yarn with a more uniform and vivid color tone can be obtained and a handkerchief with high design properties can be obtained. Can do. Conventional handkerchiefs are often subjected to various designs by printing, but the handkerchief fabric of the present invention can be arbitrarily designed by using multicolored yarns or designing a woven structure.

Next, a handkerchief raw machine is woven using the spun and dyed multi-layered yarn as a raw yarn, and the weaving machine can be woven with a loom equipped with a commercially available and known dobby and jacquard opening device. The loom can also be woven using a known loom such as a shuttle, rapier, gripper, air jet loom or the like. Further, in order to maintain the function as a handkerchief, it is necessary to define a cover factor (CF). As the cover factor (CF), it is desirable to weave a woven fabric of 15 to 30. Moreover, it is preferable that the fabric thickness is 0.2 to 1.0 mm and the fabric weight is 50 to 150 g / m ² .

  100% of the above-mentioned multi-layered yarn may be used for weaving the handkerchief production machine, and it is possible to interweave with other types of yarn. As other types of yarn, cotton, silk, hair, polyester fiber, nylon fiber, or the like may be used as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. It is preferable that the ratio of the other seed yarns to interweave is 20% or less. That is, in the handkerchief fabric of the present invention, the ratio of the multi-layer yarn is preferably 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more, and particularly preferably 100%. By setting the ratio of the double layer yarn in the handkerchief fabric to 80% or more, generation of wrinkles can be further suppressed during processing of the handkerchief, and further excellent in form stability, water absorption, quick drying, design, etc. Can be.

  The obtained fabric is processed through the following steps. In the frilling process, fluff on the surface of the fabric is removed by combustion. The hair burning process is effective in preventing pilling, and improves the texture and gloss. As the method of hair burning, gas type hair burning with a burner using propane gas or butane gas is desirable. In the next process, desizing is performed by using an open soaper or a rotary soaper to remove scouring oils and pastes. As for the desizing agent, the components of the warp sizing agent are investigated in advance, and an optimum sizing agent is preferably selected from enzyme sizing agents such as amylase and oxidized sizing agents such as persulfate and bromosalt. In the yarn dyeing process, when mercerization is not performed, it is processed to improve gloss, set width, and impart shrinkage resistance after the desizing process. Then, it is washed and a softening finish is applied. As a final step, heat setting is performed by a heat setting machine for the purpose of stabilizing the shape, fixing the width, shrinking, removing wrinkles, improving the texture, and the like. The heat setting is performed under conditions suitable for the synthetic fiber in the core, but the temperature can be 170 to 210 ° C. × the processing time is 15 to 40 seconds, and is preferably about 180 to 210 ° C. × 20 seconds.

  The handkerchief fabric is manufactured by the above-described process. The manufactured handkerchief fabric becomes a handkerchief as a final product through known processes including cutting and sewing. In the present invention, the multi-layered yarn having the above-described configuration is subjected to the above-described process, thereby having the same strength as a handkerchief using a blended yarn of synthetic fiber and cellulose short fiber, and having shape stability and texture, water absorption An excellent handkerchief can be obtained.

Next, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Moreover, the measurement and calculation method in an Example and a comparative example are as follows.
(1) Cover factor The cover factor was calculated by the following formula.

(2) Tear strength According to JIS L 1096 (general fabric test method) D method (penjuram method), 6.3 cm × 10 cm test pieces were sampled in the vertical direction and the transverse direction, respectively. Attach to a Dorf-type tear tester and make a 2 cm cut perpendicular to the center of both grips of the specimen. The load strength (N) shown when the remaining 4.3 cm of the cut was torn in the vertical direction and the transverse direction under load was measured, and the average value of each was calculated.

(3) Dimensional change rate JIS L 1096 (general textile test method) According to the G method (electric washing machine method), after measuring the warp direction and the weft direction dimension of a 40 cm and 40 cm sample, JIS L 0217 103 Wash and dehydrate according to the method, suspend so that the warp direction is vertical and the weft direction is horizontal, and after drying all day and night, measure the dimension in the warp direction and the weft direction again, and use the following formula to determine the dimensional change rate Calculated.
Dimensional change rate (%) = [(size before washing−size after washing) / size before washing] × 100

(4) In accordance with the dropping method of water absorption JIS L 1907 (water absorption test method for textile products), one drop of water (about 0.04 ml) was dropped from a height of 10 mm on the test piece, and the water drop reached the test piece. This is the time taken to measure the time from when the specular reflection of water disappears completely. As the test piece, the test piece before washing for the initial water absorption, the water absorption after 10 washing, dehydration after washing 10 times according to JIS L 0217 103 method, the warp direction is vertical and the weft direction is Each of the test pieces after being suspended horizontally and dried for a whole day and night was used.

(5) Pilling JIS L 1076 (woven and knitted pilling test method) According to method A (method using an ICI type tester), two 10 cm x 12 cm test pieces taken in the warp direction and the weft direction were used as special rubber tubes. Sew together, fasten both ends with vinyl tape, put them in a rotating box of the testing machine, and after 10 hours of continuous rotation, align and standardize the pilling judgment standard photographs, round the test result to 1 or 2 decimal places This is the calculated value.

(6) It evaluated as follows by a texture sensory test.
Soft: ○, normal: △, hard: ×.

Example 1
After preparing a polyester short fiber sliver (A) having a fineness of 1.45 dtex and a fiber length of 38 mm as a core component and cotton (B) having a fineness of 1.15 dtex as a sheath component, each sliver was introduced into a roving machine, and a flyer head As seen from above, (A) is placed on the outside of the draft area, (B) is placed on the inside and each of them is drafted, and afterwards (A) is placed on the core side and (B) is placed on the sheath side, A composite roving having a core weight ratio of 40% and a sheath weight ratio of 60% was obtained. Then, the obtained composite roving was spun under normal conditions to obtain a multi-layer yarn having a twist number of 22.8 times / inch, a twisting direction Z, and a thickness of 40 (English cotton count). The yarn is soft-wound into a polypropylene tube with a large number of holes, scoured and mercerized using a high-pressure package dyeing and weaving machine, then dyed with reactive dye on the cotton side and disperse dye on the polyester side, fixed After the treatment, hot water washing, water washing and oil application, rewinding was carried out after dehydration and drying to obtain a multi-color yarn dyeing package.
The above-mentioned yarn-dyed multi-layer yarn is warped with a partial warp machine according to a warp arrangement designed for woven fabric, wound on a beam, pasted, and warp density of 110 yarns / inch with a high-speed air jet loom. Weaving was performed to a density of 98 / inch to obtain a handkerchief raw fabric having a 2/2 twill structure, a woven width of 45 inches, and a cover factor (CF) of 24.9.
Thereafter, the obtained handkerchief raw cloth was subjected to hair burning, desizing, and softening, and then heat set at 190 ° C. for 20 seconds using a heat set.

(Example 2)
In Example 1, a double layer yarn having a core weight ratio of 20%, a sheath weight ratio of 80%, a twist number of 27.9 times / inch, a twist direction Z, and a thickness of 60 (English cotton count) is obtained. Woven with a high-speed air jet loom so that the warp density is 138 yarns / inch, and the weft density is 125 yarns / inch, a 2/2 twill structure, a woven width of 45 inches, and a cover factor (CF) of 25.5. A handkerchief fabric was obtained by processing under the same conditions.

(Comparative Example 1)
In Example 1, the polyester short fiber sliver (A) and cotton (B) were each spun into a sliver alone, and then sliver blended in a drawing process at a weight ratio of 40:60. A handkerchief fabric was obtained by processing under the same conditions except that the spinning was performed under the same conditions.

(Comparative Example 2)
In Example 1, a handkerchief fabric was obtained by processing under the same conditions except that 100% cotton sliver was spun under normal conditions.

(Comparative Example 3)
In Example 2, a handkerchief fabric was obtained by processing under the same conditions except that 100% cotton sliver was spun under normal conditions.

The handkerchief fabrics obtained in the above Examples and Comparative Examples are evaluated, and the evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

  The handkerchiefs of Examples 1 and 2 each had a dimensional change rate of −0.7% or less, while the cotton handkerchief (Comparative Examples 2 and 3) had −0.8 to −1.2%. . That is, it turns out that the handkerchief of this invention is excellent in form stability compared with a cotton handkerchief. In addition, the handkerchiefs of Examples 1 and 2 can obtain an effect excellent in pilling property and texture as compared with a spun yarn (Comparative Example 1) obtained by ordinary blending.

Further, when the tear strength is compared between handkerchief fabrics made of yarns of the same number, Example 1 (40/1 count, multi-layer yarn) is longer than Comparative Example 1 (40/1 count, blended yarn).・ The tear strength was high on both sides. Similarly, Example 2 (60/1 count, multi-layer yarn) had higher tear strength in both the warp and the width than Comparative Example 3 (60/1 count, cotton).
That is, the handkerchief of the present invention has the following effects.

  Since the synthetic fiber is arranged on the core and does not come out on the surface, the multi-layer yarn has a pilling performance equivalent to a handkerchief fabric made of 100% cotton.

  Synthetic fibers with excellent heat setting properties are used, so dimensional stability after washing is excellent.

  Cellulose fibers have a high blending ratio, and a fine texture is obtained by using a thin count.

  By arranging the cellulose fiber in the sheath, the texture is excellent and the color tone is brighter than that of a normal blended yarn.

Claims (8)

A fabric for handkerchiefs using a multi-layered yarn in which short fibers of synthetic fibers are arranged in the core and cellulose short fibers are arranged in the sheath, and the cellulose short fibers and the core in the multi-layered yarn are synthesized. A fabric for a handkerchief, wherein a ratio of fibers (short cellulose fiber: synthetic fiber) is 50:50 to 80:20 based on weight. 2. The handkerchief fabric according to claim 1, wherein the twist coefficient of the multi-layer yarn is a cotton twist coefficient (K) of single yarn twist of 2.0 or more and 4.2 or less. The handkerchief fabric according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the multi-layer yarn is dyed. Handkerchief cloth of claim 1, the fabric thickness is 0.2 to 1.0 mm, the dough weight per unit area is characterized by a 50 to 150 g / ^{m 2.} 2. The handkerchief fabric according to claim 1, wherein in the water absorption, the initial water absorption after 10 washings is within 10 seconds. 2. The handkerchief fabric according to claim 1, wherein in the processing step, heat setting is performed at a temperature of 170 to 210 ° C. and a processing time of 15 to 40 seconds. The fabric for handkerchiefs according to claim 1, wherein the fabric shape is a woven fabric, the cover factor (CF) is 15 to 30, the tear strength is 10 N or more, and the dimensional change rate is ± 1% or less. A handkerchief manufactured from the handkerchief fabric according to claim 1.