JP2015048894A - Damping device using piezoelectric material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively utilize elongation and contraction generated in piezoelectric materials for suppressing the vibration of a construction while effectively utilizing piezoelectric effects of the piezoelectric materials themselves when suppressing the vibration of the construction by incorporating the piezoelectric materials generating voltages corresponding to deformation amounts and reaction forces by the deformation amounts corresponding to the voltages into a pair of load receiving parts on which a compression force and a tensile force alternately and repeatedly act when the construction receives a horizontal force.SOLUTION: Piezoelectric materials 4, 5 are incorporated into one load receiving part 2 and the other load receiving part 3 in a state that the load receiving parts are alternately loaded with a compression force and a tensile force when a horizontal force acts, and when the tensile force or the compression force acts on one load receiving part 2, a voltage which is generated by the piezoelectric material 4 of one load receiving part 2 and corresponds to an elongation deformation amount or a contraction deformation amount is applied to the piezoelectric material 5 of the other load receiving part 3.

Description

  In the present invention, when a structure receives a horizontal force due to an earthquake or the like, a tensile force and a compressive force are alternately and repeatedly applied, and when a tensile force is applied to one, a compressive force is applied to the other. The vibration of the structure is suppressed by incorporating a piezoelectric material that generates a voltage corresponding to the amount of deformation when receiving a tensile force, and a reaction force corresponding to the amount of deformation corresponding to the voltage. The present invention relates to a vibration control device using a piezoelectric material.

  When a structural member in the structure receives an axial tensile force or compressive force, a voltage (potential difference) corresponding to the amount of deformation (distortion) is generated, and an axial force corresponding to the amount of deformation corresponding to the voltage is generated. The generated piezoelectric material can be used as a reaction force in a direction in which the expansion and contraction generated according to the applied voltage suppresses the shaking of the structure. Therefore, a vibration damping device (damper) that reduces or suppresses the vibration of the structure. (See Patent Documents 1 and 2 and Non-Patent Document 1).

  In these cases, the piezoelectric material is deformed (for example, by making the direction of elongation deformation generated according to the voltage applied between the two surfaces coincide with the direction of reaction force resisting external force acting on the structure). (Reaction force) acts on the structure as a resistance force opposite to the direction of the external force. By applying a voltage to the piezoelectric material at the same time as vibration is generated, the amplitude of the structure is suppressed and vibration is reduced. Effect can be obtained.

  In Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1, acceleration when vibration is generated in a structure is detected, and the piezoelectric material corresponding to the amount of deformation (axial force) to be generated by the piezoelectric material should be given to the piezoelectric material from the acceleration value. An optimal voltage (control voltage signal) is calculated (generated), and this voltage is applied to the piezoelectric material to expand and contract the piezoelectric material, thereby causing a reaction force (resistance force) to act on the structure.

  In Patent Document 2, the voltage of the piezoelectric material generated according to the vibration generated in the structure is detected, and this voltage is used as a voltage to be applied for the vibration opposite to the vibration of the structure. Amplification of the vibration of the structure is avoided by generating a vibration that suppresses the vibration of the object.

JP-A-10-227149 (paragraphs 0002 to 0004, 0038 to 0044, FIGS. 3, 4, and 8) JP 2010-216140 A (paragraphs 0019 to 0026, FIGS. 1 and 2) Kotaro Toyama et al., 21468 “Study on Active Vibration Control of Smart Structures Using Solid Actuators”, Abstracts of Annual Conference of Architectural Institute of Japan, September 1996, 931-932

  In Patent Document 1, the voltage to be applied to the piezoelectric material is calculated from the acceleration of vibration generated in the structure, and the piezoelectric material is expanded and contracted by applying the calculated voltage to the piezoelectric material. Since the voltage generated when it expands and contracts with it is not directly reflected in the expansion and contraction of other piezoelectric materials, the piezoelectric material itself generates a voltage due to deformation due to external force. It cannot be said that the effect is used effectively.

  In Patent Document 2, the voltage generated by the piezoelectric material with the vibration of the structure is used for expansion and contraction of the piezoelectric material. However, the piezoelectric material is in the direction of vibration (positive or negative) of the structure as in Patent Document 1. Since they are not arranged in a paired state, it is difficult to say that the expansion and contraction generated in the piezoelectric material according to the voltage is effectively used to suppress the vibration of the structure.

  In view of the above background, the present invention uses a piezoelectric material that can effectively use the expansion and contraction that occurs in the piezoelectric material in response to the voltage while suppressing the vibration of the structure. It proposes a vibration control device.

In the vibration control device using the piezoelectric material according to the first aspect of the invention, when the structure receives a horizontal force, the tensile force and the compressive force act alternately and alternately, and when the tensile force acts on one. A pair of load receiving portions that are in a relationship in which compressive force acts on the other are incorporated in one load receiving portion and the other load receiving portion, respectively, and the tensile force and compressive force are increased when the horizontal force is applied. With a piezoelectric material that bears as the pressure in the direction,
When the tensile force or compressive force is applied to the one load receiving portion, the piezoelectric material of the one load receiving portion generates a voltage corresponding to the amount of expansion deformation or the amount of contraction deformation of the other, Applied to the piezoelectric material of the load receiving portion on which a compressive force or tensile force is applied, the piezoelectric material of the other load receiving portion is generated by the piezoelectric material of the one load receiving portion, and the applied voltage An expansion deformation or a contraction deformation corresponding to the direction of the compression force or a tensile force is generated, and a reaction force corresponding to the expansion deformation amount or the contraction deformation amount is applied to the other load receiving portion. Requirement.

  “A pair of load receivers that have a relationship in which a compressive force acts on the other when a tensile force acts on one side” means any of the inside and outside of the structure in accordance with the action of the horizontal force input to the structure. It refers to a portion (part) that alternately bears a tensile force and a compressive force at a part of a structural member (joint portion or the like) or at a joint portion or the like between structural members. The direction of the external force acting on the part that bears the tensile force and the part that bears the compressive force alternately changes according to the change in the direction of the horizontal force, so bear the tensile force with the change in the direction of the horizontal force. The portion is a portion that bears the compressive force, and the portion that bears the compressive force is a portion that bears the tensile force. The piezoelectric material (piezoelectric element) alternately receives tensile force and compressive force as pressure in the thickness direction in the thickness direction or the axial direction of the piezoelectric material according to the arrangement state in the load receiving portion.

  "Piezoelectric material that bears tensile force and compressive force as pressure in the thickness direction when a horizontal force is applied" means that each piezoelectric material incorporated in one and the other load receiving part acts on each load receiving part. This means that the force and compressive force are borne as a tensile force or compressive force in the thickness direction. In principle, the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 alternately bear the tensile force and the compressive force acting on the load receiving portions 2 and 3, but depending on the portion of the load receiving portions 2 and 3, the piezoelectric material 4, As shown in FIG. 3, 5 may be incorporated in the load receiving portions 2 and 3 so as to bear a tensile force acting on the load receiving portions 2 and 3 as a compressive force. When one and the other load receiving portions 2, 3 receive a tensile force, one structural member (steel beam 71 in FIG. 3) and the other structural member (steel column 61 in FIG. 3) constituting the load receiving portions 2, 3 are used. ) Tend to be relatively displaced in a direction away from each other, the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 interposed between the one structural member and the other structural member basically bear a tensile force.

  However, in order to bear the tensile force on the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 incorporated in the load receiving portions 2 and 3 on which the tensile force acts, one structural member is joined to the other structural member, for example, any bolt is used. The load receiving portion 2 is capable of relatively moving in the axial direction with respect to the structural member and maintaining the state where the entire surfaces of the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are adhered to both structural members. When a tensile force acts on 3, it may be easier to interpose the piezoelectric materials 4, 5 between the two structural members when the compressive force is applied to the piezoelectric materials 4, 5. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 3, the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 may be incorporated into the load receiving portions 2 and 3 in a state where the compressive force is applied when a tensile force acts on the load receiving portions 2 and 3. is there. Details will be described later.

  For example, if the one and the other structural members are the beam 7 and the column 6 as shown in FIG. 2A, the pair of load receiving portions 2 and 3 are joined to the column 6 at the upper and lower portions of the beam 7. If the beam 7 is a steel beam 71 as shown in FIG. 2- (b), in particular, the joint between the upper flange 71a and the column 6 and the joint between the lower flange 71a and the column 6 is there. If one and the other structural members are braces 12 and beams 7 or columns 6 constituting the frame as shown in FIG. 8, the braces 12 on the compression side and the frames (beams 7 or columns 6) are joined. And the load receiving portions 2 and 3 in which the joint portion of the brace 12 on the pulling side and the frame (the beam 7 or the column 6) is paired. The load receiving portions 2 and 3 may be a part of the structural member itself, and the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 extend across a portion of the brace 12 shown in FIG. Sometimes incorporated.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 9, when the structure 20 is divided into the upper structure 17 and the lower structure 18 with the seismic isolation devices 15 and 16 such as laminated rubber bearings interposed therebetween, an external force (horizontal force) input to the structure 20 ), The joint between the seismic isolation device 15 and the upper structure 17 on the side bearing the tensile force, and the seismic isolation device 16 and the upper structure 17 on the side bearing the compressive force. Or it becomes the load receiving part 2 and 3 which a junction part with the lower structure 18 becomes a pair. The upper structure 17 and the seismic isolation device 15 (16) constituting the load receiving portions 2 and 3 and the lower structure 18 and the seismic isolation device 16 (15) are one and the other structural members.

  In the case of FIG. 9, any seismic isolation device 15 that receives a tensile force in the axial direction (vertical direction) when the structure 20 receives a horizontal force, and any one that receives a compressive force in the axial direction paired therewith. The seismic isolation device 16 constitutes the load receiving portions 2 and 3. The joint between the upper structure 17 and the lower structure 18 where the seismic isolation devices 15 and 16 are interposed is formed between the column of the upper structure 17 and the column of the lower structure 18, and the foundation of the upper structure 17 and the lower structure 18 In some cases, the lower structure 18 may be a pile.

  The pair of load receiving portions 2 and 3 form a pair at two locations. When one load receiving portion 2 (3) receives (bears) a tensile force, the other load receiving portion 3 (2) compresses. Receiving (paying). However, the tensile force and the compressive force act alternately, one load receiving portion 2 (3) receives the compressing force immediately after receiving the tensile force, and the other load receiving portion 3 (2) receives the compressive force. Immediately after that, since it receives a tensile force, the load receiving portions 2 and 3 that are paired have a relationship of alternately bearing a tensile force and a compressive force, and the reference numerals 2 and 3 are only provided for convenience. Absent.

  The term “the amount of expansion or contraction of the piezoelectric material when a tensile force or compressive force is applied to one load receiving portion” in claim 1 refers to the piezoelectric material 4 of one load receiving portion 2 (3). When (5) bears a tensile force acting on one load receiving portion 2 (3) and deforms by extension, and when the tensile force acting on the load receiving portion 2 (3) bears as a compressive force, it deforms and deforms. In addition to the case, the compressive force acting on the load receiving portion 2 (3) is distorted and deformed, and the compressive force acting on the load receiving portion 2 (3) is borne as the tensile force and deformed. Say the amount of deformation. The piezoelectric material 4 (5) generates a voltage having a magnitude corresponding to the amount of expansion or contraction.

  When the piezoelectric material 4 (5) of one load receiving portion 2 (3) bears a tensile force to cause elongation deformation, one of the two surfaces in the direction of application of the tensile force of the piezoelectric material 4 (5) ( For example, a positive charge is generated on the upper surface (one side surface) and a negative charge is generated on the other surface (for example, the lower surface (the other side surface)), and a potential difference (voltage) is generated between both surfaces. At the same time, when the piezoelectric material 5 (4) of the other load receiving portion 3 (2) bears a compressive force and contracts and deforms, one of the both sides of the acting direction of the compressive force of the piezoelectric material 5 (4) A negative charge is generated on the surface (upper surface (one side surface)) and a positive charge is generated on the other surface (lower surface (the other side surface)), and a potential difference (voltage) is generated between both surfaces. Hereinafter, one surface and the other surface in the thickness direction of the piezoelectric material 4 (5) are represented by an upper surface and a lower surface, respectively.

  On the other hand, the piezoelectric material 4 (5) has a voltage opposite to the voltage generated when an external force (tensile force or compressive force) is applied when a voltage is applied between both sides of the acting direction of the tensile force and the compressive force. Causes deformation when hung. That is, the piezoelectric material 4 (5) is stretched and deformed when a voltage opposite to the voltage generated when the piezoelectric material 4 is stretched and deformed by applying a tensile force is applied between both surfaces, and the compressive force is applied and contracted. When a voltage opposite to the voltage generated when deforming is applied between both surfaces, shrinkage deformation occurs.

  For example, when the piezoelectric material 4 (5) is stretched and deformed under a tensile force, as described above, a positive charge is generated on one surface (upper surface) and a negative charge is generated on the other surface (lower surface). When a voltage is applied between them, a negative potential is applied to one surface (upper surface), and deformation occurs when a positive potential is applied to the other surface (lower surface). Similarly, when the piezoelectric material 5 (4) bears a compressive force and contracts and deforms, a negative charge is generated on one surface (upper surface) and a positive charge is generated on the other surface (lower surface). When a positive potential is applied to one surface (upper surface) and a negative potential is applied to the other surface (lower surface), the material contracts and deforms.

  From such characteristics, one piezoelectric material 4 can be obtained by incorporating a pair of piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 in the load receiving portions 2 and 3 that have a relationship in which a compressive force acts on the other when a tensile force acts on one. (5) uses the voltage generated at the time of deformation to deform the other piezoelectric material 5 (4), and deforms the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) (elongation deformation or contraction deformation) by receiving the load on that side. It can be utilized as a resistance force (reaction force) against an external force (compression force or tensile force) acting on the portion 3 (2). Utilizing the voltage generated by one piezoelectric material 4 (5) for deformation of the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) means that the voltage generated by the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) is used by one piezoelectric material 4 (5). This also applies to the use of the deformation and the generation of the reaction force caused thereby (claim 2).

  For example, as shown in FIG. 2- (a), the piezoelectric material 5 (4) bears a compressive force or a tensile force as a pressure in the thickness direction in the other load receiving portion 3 (2) where the compressive force is acting. When one of the load receiving portions 2 (3) where the tensile force is acting when contracted or stretched, the tensile deformation or the compressive force is applied as the pressure in the thickness direction, or By applying a voltage generated by the piezoelectric material 4 (5) that is contracted and deformed to the other piezoelectric material 5 (4), the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) is expanded or contracted, and the other It is possible to generate a resistance force (a force to push back) against the compressive force in the load receiving portion 3 (claim 1). In order to apply a voltage generated by one piezoelectric material 4 (5) to the other piezoelectric material 5 (4), electrodes connected to both surfaces in the thickness direction of the one piezoelectric material 4 (5) are connected to the other piezoelectric material 5 (4). Directly connected to both sides in the thickness direction of the material 5 (4), or a voltage generated by one piezoelectric material 4 (5) is applied to the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) while maintaining positive and negative. What is necessary is just to connect indirectly via an electric circuit or electric circuits, such as the inversion circuit 10 mentioned later.

  Similarly, in one load receiving portion 2 (3) where a tensile force is acting, the piezoelectric material 4 (5) is stretched or contracted by receiving a tensile force or a compressive force as a pressure in the thickness direction. Sometimes, the voltage generated by the piezoelectric material 5 (4) that is contracted or deformed by receiving the compressive force or tensile force at the other load receiving portion 3 (2) on which the compressive force is applied is generated. When applied to the piezoelectric material 4 (5), one of the piezoelectric materials 4 (5) is contracted or stretched, and a resistance force (a pulling force) against the tensile force is generated in one of the load receiving portions 2. (Claim 2).

  However, the direction of the voltage generated by the piezoelectric material 4 (5) deforming and deforming as described above and the direction of the voltage to be applied to stretch and deform the compressive deforming piezoelectric material 5 (4) are opposite to each other. The direction of the voltage generated by the piezoelectric material 5 (4) that is contracted and deformed is opposite to the direction of the voltage that should be applied to contract and deform the piezoelectric material 4 (5) that is deformed and deformed. Therefore, when the deformation of one piezoelectric material 4 (5) and the deformation of the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) are opposite, that is, one piezoelectric material 4 (5) is stretched and deformed, and the other piezoelectric material 5 ( When 4) is contracted and deformed, one piezoelectric material 4 (5) is generated when a voltage generated by one piezoelectric material 4 (5) is applied to the other piezoelectric material 5 (4). It is necessary to reverse the direction of the voltage and apply it to the other piezoelectric material 5 (4). Even when the voltage generated by the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) is applied to the one piezoelectric material 4 (5), the direction of the voltage is reversed if the deformation of the piezoelectric materials 5 and 4 is opposite. There is a need.

  When the deformation of one piezoelectric material 4 (5) and the deformation of the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) are the same, that is, one piezoelectric material 4 (5) is stretched and deformed, and the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) is also deformed. When the piezoelectric material 4 (5) is contracted and deformed while the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) is also contracted and deformed, one piezoelectric material 4 (5) is generated. It is not necessary to reverse the direction of the voltage and apply it to the other piezoelectric material 5 (4). Even when the voltage generated by the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) is applied to one piezoelectric material 4 (5) (Claim 2), if the deformation of one and the other piezoelectric materials 4, 5 is the same, the voltage There is no need to reverse the direction.

  For example, if a negative charge and a positive charge are generated on the upper and lower surfaces of the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) that is contracted and deformed, respectively, the piezoelectric material 5 (4) in this state is stretched and deformed. Needs to move the negative charge and the positive charge existing on the upper and lower surfaces of the piezoelectric material 5 (4) to the opposite sides, respectively. Must be multiplied by the positive charge. Similarly, a positive charge and a negative charge are generated on the upper surface and the lower surface of one piezoelectric material 4 (5) that is stretched and deformed. In order to contract and deform the piezoelectric material 4 (5), a piezoelectric material is used. It is necessary to apply a positive charge and a negative charge to the upper surface and the lower surface of the material 4 (5) from the outside, respectively.

  Here, since the positive and negative charges are generated on the upper surface and the lower surface of one piezoelectric material 4 (5) that is stretched and deformed as described above, the piezoelectric material 4 (5) is taken out from the piezoelectric material 4 (5). When applying the voltage between the upper surface and the lower surface of the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) that is deformed by contraction, it is necessary to switch the positive and negative. Similarly, a negative charge and a positive charge are generated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) that is contracted and deformed, and therefore the voltage extracted from the piezoelectric material 5 (4) is expanded and deformed. When applying between the upper surface and the lower surface of one piezoelectric material 4 (5), it is necessary to switch the positive and negative.

  Accordingly, when the deformation of one piezoelectric material 4 (5) and the deformation of the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) are opposite, in order to stretch and deform the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) that is contracted and deformed, the extension deformation The voltage generated by one of the piezoelectric materials 4 (5) must be applied with the polarity changed, and in order to contract and deform the one piezoelectric material 4 (5) that is expanding and contracting, contraction deformation The voltage generated by the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) must be applied with the polarity changed. When the deformation of one piezoelectric material 4 (5) and the deformation of the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) are the same, that is, one piezoelectric material 4 (5) contracts and deforms, and the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) is also deformed. When the piezoelectric material 4 (5) is contracted or deformed, and when the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) is also deformed by expansion, it is not necessary to change the positive / negative of the voltage. The voltage taken out from one piezoelectric material 4 (5) that has generated the above may be applied to the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) as it is.

  In the case where the positive / negative of the voltage is switched, the voltage generated by one of the piezoelectric materials 4 (5) that is deformed by stretching is applied to the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) by switching the positive / negative. Inverting circuit 10 for converting a negative voltage into a positive voltage, such as an inverting amplifier (inverting amplifier circuit), is connected between one piezoelectric material 4 (5) and the other piezoelectric material 5 (4). The When the voltage generated by the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) which is contracted and deformed is applied to one piezoelectric material 4 (5) with the positive and negative sides switched (claim 2), it is shown in FIG. Thus, the inverting circuit 11 is connected between the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) and the one piezoelectric material 4 (5).

  When the inverting amplifier is used, the voltage generated by the piezoelectric material 4 (5) that is deformed or contracted in one of the load receiving portions 2 (3) is connected to the negative input terminal of the inverting amplifier. Since a voltage in which positive and negative are switched is output from the output terminal, the other load receiving portion 3 (2) is subjected to expansion deformation or contraction deformation on both surfaces of the piezoelectric material 5 (4) which is contracted or expanded. It is possible to apply a voltage in a direction that causes

  In both cases where the positive and negative voltages are switched, the voltage generated by one piezoelectric material 4 (5) is applied to the other piezoelectric material 5 (4), so that the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) is switched. Produces an expansion or contraction deformation according to the applied voltage in the direction of the action of the compressive force or tensile force, and a reaction force (pushing back force or pulling force) according to the expansion deformation amount or the contraction deformation amount. It will be made to act on the other load receiving part 3 (2). When the voltage generated by the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) is applied to one piezoelectric material 4 (5), the other piezoelectric material 4 (5) is contracted or stretched according to the applied voltage. Deformation occurs in the direction of application of tensile force or compressive force, and a reaction force (a pulling force or a pushing force) according to the contraction deformation amount or elongation deformation amount is applied to one load receiving portion 2 (3) ( Claim 2).

  When the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) is contracted or stretched by receiving a compressive force or tensile force, the piezoelectric material 5 (4) is stretched in a direction opposite to the current deformation. In other words, the piezoelectric material 5 (4) generates a compressing force, a pushing back force as a resistance force against a tensile force, or a pulling force in the other load receiving portion 3 (2). The amount of expansion deformation or contraction deformation of the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) is a magnitude corresponding to the voltage generated by one piezoelectric material 4 (5), and the resistance force to the external force is the amount of expansion deformation or contraction deformation. It becomes the size according to the amount.

  The resistance force that is generated when the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) that is contracting and deforming tries to stretch and deform acts as a reaction force that resists the compression force of the external force (the force that pushes back), so the compression force as the external force is The resistance force is offset and the compression force of the external force is reduced. By reducing the compressive force acting as an external force, the compressive force acting on the load receiving portion 3 (2) as the external force is substantially reduced, so that the amount of deformation occurring in the load receiving portion 3 (2) is also reduced. As a result, shaking of the structure 20 due to external force is reduced.

  Similarly, when one piezoelectric material 4 (5) is subjected to a tensile force or a compressive force and is deformed to expand or contract, the piezoelectric material 4 (5) is in a direction opposite to the current deformation. The piezoelectric material 4 (5) generates a pulling force or a pulling back force as a resistance force against a tensile force or a compressive force in one of the load receiving portions 2 (3) by causing a contraction deformation or an expansion deformation. One piezoelectric material 4 (5) has a contraction deformation amount or an elongation deformation amount according to a voltage generated by the other piezoelectric material 5 (4), and a resistance force to an external force is a contraction deformation amount or an extension deformation. It becomes the size according to the amount.

  The resistance force that is generated when one piezoelectric material 4 (5) that is expanding and contracting is contracted and deformed acts as a reaction force (a pulling force) that resists the pulling force of the external force. The resistance force is offset and the external tensile force is reduced. By reducing the tensile force acting as an external force, the tensile force acting on the load receiving portion 3 (2) as the external force is substantially reduced, so that the amount of deformation occurring in the load receiving portion 3 (2) is also reduced. As a result, shaking of the structure 20 due to external force is reduced.

  In FIG. 1, a voltage generated by the piezoelectric material 4 subjected to the tensile force is output to the inverting circuit 10, and the voltage output from the inverting circuit 10 is applied to the piezoelectric material 5 that receives the compressive force. The manner in which a reaction force against the compressive force is generated in the piezoelectric material 5 is conceptually shown. In this case, the voltage generated by the piezoelectric material 5 receiving the compressive force is output to the inverting circuit 10 (11), and the voltage output from the inverting circuit 10 (11) is applied to the piezoelectric material 4 receiving the tensile force. Accordingly, it is possible to generate a reaction force against the tensile force in the piezoelectric material 4 that has received the tensile force.

  Among the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 of the load receiving portions 2 and 3 that are paired as described above, the piezoelectric material 4 (5) of at least one of the load receiving portions 2 (3) expands with the vibration of the structure 20. The voltage generated when the deformation or contraction is deformed is directly reflected in the expansion or contraction of the piezoelectric material 5 (4) that is deformed or contracted in the other load receiving portion 3 (2). Therefore, the piezoelectric effect of generating a voltage due to deformation of the piezoelectric material itself due to external force is effectively used. Moreover, since the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 to which voltage is exchanged are arranged in a state of being paired in a direction alternately deforming in the positive and negative directions in accordance with the vibration of the structure 20 as in Patent Document 1, the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are given. The elongation generated in the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 according to the voltage is effectively used to directly suppress the vibration of the structure 20.

  Since the horizontal force as an external force input to the structure 20 alternately acts in the positive and negative directions, for example, as described above, one of the load receiving portions 2 (3) receives a tensile force, and the piezoelectric material 4 (5) At the same time, the other load receiving portion 3 (2) receives a compressive force and the piezoelectric material 5 (4) is contracted and deformed, and the voltages generated by the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are paired with each other. It can be used to cause a deformation opposite to the deformation occurring in the piezoelectric materials 5 and 4 on the side.

  Therefore, when a tensile force or a compressive force is applied to one of the load receiving portions 2 and 3, the other load receiving portion 3 or 2 bears a pressure in the thickness direction and is contracted or stretched. The piezoelectric material 5, 4 generates an expansion deformation or a contraction deformation of the load receiving portions 2, 3 that bears a tensile force or a compressive force on one side according to the contraction deformation amount or the expansion deformation amount. By applying the applied voltage to the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 (Claim 2), the voltages simultaneously generated by the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 of the paired load receiving portions 2 and 3 are mutually applied to the load receiving portions 3 and 2 on the other side. In addition, it can be used to generate a reaction force opposite to the external force. Also in this case, when the deformation of one piezoelectric material 4 (5) and the deformation of the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) are opposite, it is necessary to switch the polarity of the voltage at the time of voltage transfer.

  In the second aspect, as described above, the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 of the one load receiving portion 2 and 3 are generated by the piezoelectric materials 5 and 4 of the other load receiving portion 3 and 2, and contract according to the applied voltage. Deformation or elongation deformation occurs in the direction of application of tensile force or compression force (thickness direction of the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5), so that the amount of contraction deformation or reaction force corresponding to the amount of elongation deformation (force of pulling or pushing back) ) Acts on one of the load receiving portions 2 and 3.

  In claim 2, a voltage generated simultaneously when the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 of the pair of load receiving portions 2 and 3 are applied with an external force generates a reaction force opposite to the external force in the load receiving portions 3 and 2 on the other side. By establishing the relationship that can be used for this purpose, the piezoelectric material 4 (5) of the load receiving portion 2 (3) is always generated regardless of the direction of the external force (horizontal force) that is alternately repeated in the positive and negative directions. While the applied voltage is applied to the piezoelectric material 5 (4) of the other load receiving portion 3 (2), the voltage generated by the piezoelectric material 5 (4) of the other load receiving portion 3 (2) is applied to the one load receiving portion. A state of applying to the piezoelectric material 4 (5) of 2 (3) is obtained.

  Therefore, as long as the external force (horizontal force) continues to act, the piezoelectric material 4 (5) in which one of the pair of load receiving portions 2 and 3 is expanded or contracted in one of the load receiving portions 2 (3). Is applied to the piezoelectric material 5 (4) that has undergone shrinkage deformation or expansion deformation of the other load receiving portion 3 (2), and at the same time, expansion deformation or contraction of the other load receiving portion 3 (2). The situation in which the voltage generated by the deformed piezoelectric material 5 (4) is applied to the piezoelectric material 4 (5) contracted or stretched in one of the load receiving portions 2 (3) is continuously repeated.

  As a result, one load receiving portion 2 (3) and the other load receiving portion 3 (2) are in a relationship in which the external force borne by either one cancels the reaction force caused by the external force borne by the other. Since the effect of reducing the external force is produced at the time of the action in any of the directions, the vibration of the structure 20 is reduced and the effect of damping is improved.

  The piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 of the load receiving portions 2 and 3 may be preliminarily given a compressive force in the direction of action of the compressive force and the tensile force.

  The fact that the compressive force is given to the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 in advance means that the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are interposed between one structural member and the other structural member constituting the load receiving portions 2 and 3 as described later, for example. In this state, one structural member and the other structural member can be joined in a state in which they can be relatively displaced in the positive and negative directions in which the external force of the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 is received. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, pressure is exerted in the direction in which one structural member and the other structural member approach each other within a range in which the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 can be contracted and deformed in the thickness direction or the axial direction. By being joined in a state in which the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are joined, a compression force is applied to the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 in advance.

  As described above, the load receiving portions 2 and 3 are mainly joint portions (including joint portions) between the structural members, and the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are interposed between the different structural members at the joint portions. However, from the state where no external force is applied, an expansion or contraction deformation occurs depending on the direction of the external force operation, and a contraction deformation or an expansion deformation occurs immediately after the deformation, so no external force is applied. In normal times, it is necessary to be in a state where both deformation and contraction deformation can occur.

  Therefore, in a state where the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are interposed between the one structural member constituting the load receiving portions 2 and 3 such as the joint and the other structural member, the one structural member and the other structural member are piezoelectric. It is appropriate that the materials 4 and 5 are joined so as to be relatively displaceable in the thickness direction, which is a direction in which an external force is received, or in the positive and negative directions in the axial direction. One and the other structural members are the aforementioned columns, beams, braces, seismic isolation devices, and the like.

  The piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are sandwiched directly or indirectly between the two structural members. “Indirectly” means that the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are directly sandwiched between members such as a plate protruding (joined) to the structural member. In addition, the “state in which one structural member and the other structural member are relatively displaceable” in claim 4 refers to a state in which one structural member and the other structural member sandwich the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5, It means that the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are connected so as to be able to move relative to each other in the thickness direction (opposite direction). This is because, for example, as shown in FIG. 2B, the piezoelectric material 4 and the plate (flange plate 8a) joined to one structural member (steel beam 71) and the other structural member (steel column 61). When the plates 9 are sandwiched between the plates (flange 61a) and are connected by bolts 9 facing both plates, the plates are connected to the shafts of the bolts 9 as shown in FIGS. It means that it is in a state in which it can move relative to each other in both directions toward and away from each other.

  The structural members that sandwich the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 can be relatively displaced in any direction such as the thickness direction of the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 in accordance with the action of an external force with the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 sandwiched therebetween. Thus, since the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are in a state where they can be expanded and contracted according to the direction of the action of the external force from the normal state and can be contracted and deformed, and the expansion and contraction can be alternately repeated. It is possible to generate a voltage corresponding to the amount of deformation when any deformation occurs.

  When the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are preliminarily applied with a compressive force (initial compressive force) in the acting direction of the compressive force and the tensile force, that is, in the thickness direction (axial direction) of the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 (Claim 3), If the magnitude of the tensile force acting as an external force is less than or equal to the magnitude of the initial compressive force, for example, the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 of the pair of load receiving portions 2 and 3 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 6- (a), the piezoelectric material 4 or 5 is subjected to a compressive force whose load varies with time, both when the compressive force is applied and when the tensile force is applied. Can be placed in a burdened state.

  The piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 to which an initial compressive force is applied in the thickness direction are applied to the load receiving portions 2 and 3 if an initial compressive force larger than the tensile force as an external force is applied. Since the tensile force acts as an external force and the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 continue to bear the compressive force even when they do not bear the tensile force, the tensile force is applied as the external force as shown in FIG. The piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 can continue to generate a voltage while acting.

  When the tensile force acts on the load receiving portions 2 and 3, the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 continue to bear the compressive force, so that the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 actually bear the tensile force and compressive force. Even if it is not, since it can continue to generate a voltage and bear a compressive force in the same way as when it bears a compressive force, the other piezoelectric material that is paired while a tensile force is acting as an external force 5 and 4 can be supplied with a voltage corresponding to the contraction deformation caused by the load of the compressive force. This means that if an initial compressive force is applied to the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5, the piezoelectric material 4 and 5 are not necessarily loaded with a tensile force when the tensile force acts on the load receiving portions 2 and 3. 4 and 5 do not need to be incorporated in the load receiving portions 2 and 3.

  One piezoelectric material 4 (5) to which an initial compressive force is applied in advance contracts and deforms without bearing a tensile force when a tensile force as an external force is applied to the load receiving portion 2 (3) on that side. Continue to generate voltage in minutes. In the other load receiving portion 3 (2) paired with the load receiving portion 2 (3), the other piezoelectric material 5 and 4 to which a voltage is supplied bears a compressive force as an external force and is deformed by contraction. Therefore, the voltage generated by one piezoelectric material 4 (5) to which an initial compressive force is applied in advance can be used for elongation deformation. Conversely, when one piezoelectric material 4 (5) bears a compressive force as an external force and contracts and deforms, the piezoelectric material 5 (4) of the other load receiving portion 3 (2) on which the tensile force acts is initially set in advance. By applying a compressive force, the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) that continues to contract and deform in order to stretch and deform one piezoelectric material 4 (5) that contracts and deforms while bearing the compressive force The generated voltage can be used. In these cases, when an external force is acting on the load receiving portions 2 and 3, the paired piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are both contracted and deformed, and therefore, it is not necessary to change the polarity of the voltage.

  Also in the example of FIG. 2B, when an initial compressive force is applied to both the piezoelectric material 4 disposed on the upper flange 71a and the piezoelectric material 5 disposed on the lower flange 71a, the piezoelectric material is used. 4 and the piezoelectric material 5 are always shrunk and deformed to generate a voltage, so that the voltages generated by the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 may be exchanged with each other without changing the sign.

  The load for each time when the compressive force and the tensile force as the external force are alternately applied to a certain load receiving portion 2, 3 varies as shown in FIG. When an initial compressive force is not applied to the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 that are not in a state where the tensile force can be applied when an external tensile force is applied, the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are shown in FIG. Thus, the compression force is borne only when the compression force as an external force is applied, and the voltage is generated only when the compression force is borne as shown in FIG. When a tensile force is applied as an external force, no compressive force is applied, and no tensile force is applied, so that no voltage is generated.

  On the other hand, when an initial compressive force is applied to the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 in FIG. 2 (b) (Claim 3), the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 have the load receiving portions 2 and 3 as described above. As shown in FIG. 6- (a), a compressive force whose magnitude varies with time is borne both when a compressive force acting as an external force is applied to and when a tensile force is applied. Will continue to do. As a result, since the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 to which the initial compressive force is applied can continue to generate a voltage as shown in FIG. 6B, the voltage generation efficiency is improved. Although the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 have a property that it is difficult to respond to a static load, the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 can be applied to the load receiving portions 2 and 3 even when either a compressive force or a tensile force is applied as an external force. However, since the responsiveness of the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 is improved by continuing to bear the compressive force as a fluctuating load, the voltage generated by the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 can be used effectively.

  Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, in each load receiving portion 2 (3), the piezoelectric material 4 (5) is compressed by a black arrow on the load receiving portion 2 (3). A compression resistance portion 41 (51) that bears a compression force when a force is applied, and a tension resistance portion 42 that bears a compression force when a tensile force indicated by a white arrow acts on the load receiving portion 2 (3). (52) and by applying a compressive force (initial compressive force) in advance in the thickness direction to at least one of the compression resistance portion 41 (51) and the tensile resistance portion 42 (52) (invoice) Items 7 and 8), as will be described later, voltage is applied between the compression resistance parts 41 and 51 of one load receiving part 2 (3) and the other load receiving part 3 (2) or between the tensile resistance parts 42 and 52. It is possible to establish a relationship to be exchanged.

  Either the compression resistance portion 41 (51) or the tensile resistance portion 42 (52) when the initial compression force is applied is either when the compression force is acting as an external force or when the tensile force is acting At this time, the compression force is borne as shown in FIG.

  However, when the piezoelectric material 4 and the piezoelectric material 5 are divided into the compression resistance portions 41 and 51 and the tensile resistance portions 42 and 52, respectively, as in the example shown in FIGS. When voltage is exchanged between the compression resistance portion 41 (51) of the receiving portion 2 (3) and the tensile resistance portion 42 (52) of the other load receiving portion 3 (2) (claims 5 and 6) It is not necessary to apply an initial compressive force in the thickness direction to the compression resistance portion 41 (51) and the tensile resistance portion 42 (52).

  As shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C, in each load receiving portion 2 (3), the piezoelectric material 4 (5) is subjected to a compressive force indicated by a black arrow on the load receiving portion 2 (3). A compression resistance portion 41 (51) that sometimes bears the compression force, and a tension resistance portion 42 (52) that bears the compression force when the tensile force indicated by the white arrow acts on the load receiving portion 2 (3). Consider the case of dividing into (claims 5 to 8). In this case, when the initial compression force is not applied to the compression resistance portion 41 (51) and the tensile resistance portion 42 (52) (Claims 5 and 6), the compression force acts on each load receiving portion 2 (3). Either the compression resistance portion 41 (51) or the tensile resistance portion 42 (52) bears the compression force at any time when the tensile force acts or a voltage corresponding to the burdened compression force. Can be generated. In this case, when a compressive force acts on the load receiving portion 2 (3), the compression resistance portion 41 (51) generates a voltage corresponding to the compressive force while bearing the compressive force, and the load receiving portion 2 (3) When a tensile force is applied, the tensile resistance portion 42 (52) generates a voltage corresponding to the compressive force while bearing the compressive force.

  FIG. 3A shows the flange 8a of the split tee hardware 8 joined to the steel beam 71 which is one structural member constituting the load receiving portions 2 and 3, and the flange 61a of the steel column 61 which is the other structural member. The compression resistance part 41 (51) is interposed between the two, and the tensile resistance part 42 (52) is interposed between the flange 61a and the nut 91. The flange 8a of the split tee hardware 8 and the flange 61a of the steel column 61 are joined by a bolt 9 penetrating both. In this example, when the compression force acts on the load receiving portion 2 (3) and the compression resistance portion 41 (51) receives the compression force from the flange 8a and the flange 61a, the compression resistance portion 41 (51) is contracted and deformed. When a tensile force acts on the load receiving portion 2 (3) and the tensile resistance portion 42 (52) receives a compressive force from the flange 61a and the nut 91, the tensile resistance portion 42 (52) Shrinks and deforms to generate voltage.

  FIG. 3- (b) shows a case where the tensile resistance portion 42 (52) is interposed between the flange 8a of the split tee hardware 8 and the head of the bolt 9 located on the side, and (c) is ( This is a case where the single-plate compression resistance portion 41 (51) in a) is divided in units of 9 bolts. In the example shown in FIG. 3B, when a compressive force is applied to the load receiving portion 2 (3), the compression resistance portion 41 (51) receives the compressive force from the flange 8a and the flange 61a and contracts and deforms. When a tensile force is applied to the receiving portion 2 (3), the tensile resistance portion 42 (52) receives a compressive force from the head of the bolt 9 and the flange 8a and contracts and deforms.

  The voltage generated when the tensile resistance portion 42 (52) of one load receiving portion 2 (3) bears a compressive force is applied to the compression resistance portion 51 (41) of the other load receiving portion 3 (2). (Claim 5), as shown in FIG. 7- (a), a tensile force acts on one load receiving portion 2 (3), and the tensile resistance portion of the one load receiving portion 2 (3) The voltage according to the amount of contraction deformation generated when 42 (52) bears the compressive force bears the compressive force at the other load receiving portion 3 (2) on which the compressive force is acting, and contracts and deforms. Is applied to the compression resistor 51 (41). The compression resistance portion 51 (41) of the other load receiving portion 3 (2) is generated by the tensile resistance portion 42 (52) of the one load receiving portion 2 (3), and undergoes elongation deformation according to the applied voltage. A reaction force generated in the direction of the action of the compressive force is applied to the other load receiving portion 3 (2) according to the amount of elongation deformation (claim 5).

  Similarly, a voltage generated when the compression resistance portion 41 (51) of one load receiving portion 2 (3) bears a compressive force is applied to the tensile resistance portion 52 (42) of the other load receiving portion 3 (2). In the case of (Claim 6), as shown in FIG. 7- (a), a compressive force acts on one load receiving portion 2 (3), and the compression resistance portion 41 ( 51) The voltage corresponding to the amount of contraction deformation generated when the compressive force is borne is applied to the other load receiving portion 3 (2) on which the tensile force acts, and the tensile force that is contracted and deformed. It is applied to the resistance part 52 (42). The tensile resistance portion 52 (42) of the other load receiving portion 3 (2) is generated by the compression resistance portion 41 (51) of the one load receiving portion 2 (3), and undergoes elongation deformation according to the applied voltage. A reaction force generated in the direction of application of the tensile force is applied to the other load receiving portion 3 (2) according to the amount of elongation deformation (claim 6).

  Also in the case of the voltage transfer shown in FIG. 7- (a) (Claims 5 and 6), between the compression resistance portion 41 (51) and the tension resistance portion 52 (42), both of which bear the compression force and are deformed by contraction. It is not necessary to switch the polarity of the voltage in order to transfer the voltage.

  The piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are divided into compression resistance portions 41 and 51 and tensile resistance portions 42 and 52, and are compressed in advance in the thickness direction into at least one of the compression resistance portions 41 and 51 and the tensile resistance portions 42 and 52. In the case where a force (initial compression force) is applied (claims 7 and 8), when the compression resistance portion 41 (51) does not bear the compression force, a tensile force acts on the load receiving portion 2 (3). When the tensile resistance portion 42 (52) bears the compressive force. From this relationship, when the initial compression force is applied to the compression resistance portion 41 (51) as shown in FIG. 7- (b), the compression resistance portion 41 (51) continues to shrink and deform without bearing the compression force. Is applied to the compression resistance portion 41 (51) which bears a compressive force in the other load receiving portion 3 (2) and is deformed by contraction (Claim 7).

  Similarly, when the tensile resistance portion 42 (52) does not bear the compressive force, it is when the compressive force acts on the load receiving portion 2 (3), and the compressive resistance portion 41 (51) bears the compressive force. Therefore, the initial compressive force is applied to the tensile resistance portion 42 (52) as shown in FIG. 7- (c), and the tensile resistance portion 42 (52) shrinks and deforms without bearing the compressive force. The voltage at the time of continuing is applied to the tensile resistance part 45 (42) which bears a compressive force in the other load receiving part 3 (2) and is deformed by shrinkage (claim 8).

  In claim 7, as shown in FIG. 7- (b), a tensile force acts on one load receiving portion 2 (3), and a compression resistance portion 41 (51) is generated that continues to shrink and deform without bearing a compression force. A voltage corresponding to the amount of contraction deformation is applied to the compression resistance portion 51 (41) of the other load receiving portion 3 (2). The compression resistance portion 51 (41) of the other load receiving portion 3 (2) is generated by the compression resistance portion 41 (51) of the one load receiving portion 2 (3), and the other is subjected to elongation deformation according to the applied voltage. The reaction force generated in the direction of the compressive force acting on the load receiving portion 3 (2) is applied to the other load receiving portion 3 (2).

  As shown in FIG. 7- (b), a tensile force acts on one of the load receiving portions 2 (3), and the tensile resistance portion 42 (52) bears a compressive force by a tensile force as an external force, and contracts and deforms. When one of the compression resistance portions 41 (51) is in a compressed state due to the initial compression force as shown in FIG. 6- (a) and is undergoing shrinkage deformation, the voltage is applied as shown in (b). It continues to occur. The compression resistance portion 51 (41) of the other load receiving portion 3 (2) is stretched and deformed by applying the voltage generated by the compression resistance portion 41 (51) of the one load receiving portion 2 (3). Then, a reaction force corresponding to the amount of elongation deformation is generated in the other load receiving portion 3 (2). In the example of FIGS. 3A to 3C, the expansion deformation of the compression resistance portion 51 (41) is to increase the distance between the flange 8a of the split tee hardware 8 and the flange 61a of the steel column 61 that are contracted. And

  In claim 8, as shown in FIG. 7- (c), a compressive force acts on one load receiving portion 2 (3), and a tensile resistance portion 42 (52) is generated that continues to shrink and deform without bearing the compressive force. A voltage corresponding to the amount of shrinkage deformation is applied to the tensile resistance portion 52 (42) of the other load receiving portion 3 (2). The tensile resistance portion 52 (42) of the other load receiving portion 3 (2) is generated by the tensile resistance portion 42 (52) of the one load receiving portion 2 (3), and the other is subjected to elongation deformation according to the applied voltage. It is generated in the direction of the tensile force acting as an external force acting on the load receiving portion 3 (2), and a reaction force corresponding to the amount of elongation deformation is applied to the other load receiving portion 3 (2).

  As shown in FIG. 7- (c), when a compressive force is applied to one of the load receiving portions 2 (3), and the compressive resistance portion 41 (51) bears the compressive force as an external force as it is and is contracted and deformed. One tension resistance portion 42 (52) is in a state compressed by the initial compressive force and is in a contraction deformation state, and therefore continues to generate a voltage. The tensile resistance portion 52 (42) of the other load receiving portion 3 (2) is stretched and deformed by applying the voltage generated by the tensile resistance portion 42 (52) of the one load receiving portion 2 (3). Then, a reaction force corresponding to the amount of elongation deformation is generated in the other load receiving portion 3 (2). In the example of FIGS. 3A and 3C, the extension deformation of the tensile resistance portion 52 (42) attempts to increase the distance between the flange 61a and the nut 91 that are contracted. In the example of FIG. 3B, the extension deformation of the tensile resistance portion 52 (42) attempts to increase the distance between the shrinking bolt 9 head and the flange 8a.

  The voltage generated when one of the pair of piezoelectric materials expands or contracts due to the vibration of the structure is applied to the other piezoelectric material that contracts or contracts. The other piezoelectric material is used to stretch or contract, and the other piezoelectric material is deformed in a direction that resists the direction of the external force being received. The external force that is present can be offset and reduced. When the voltage generated by the other piezoelectric material is applied to one piezoelectric material, deformation in a direction in which the paired piezoelectric materials cancel each other out from each other can be caused from the voltage generated by the other piezoelectric material, The external force acting on the load receiving portions that are paired more effectively can be reduced, and the shaking of the structure can be reduced.

The voltage generated by the piezoelectric material that received tensile force due to the external force (horizontal force) acting on the structure is output to the inverting circuit, the voltage output from the inverting circuit is applied to the piezoelectric material that has received the compressive force, It is the conceptual diagram which showed a mode that the reaction force with respect to a compressive force was generated in the piezoelectric material which received the compressive force. (A) In the case where the load receiving portion is a joint between the beam and the column of the frame that alternately receives the compressive force and the tensile force, the tensile force acts on the upper end portion of the beam and the compressive force acts on the lower end portion. (B) is an enlarged view of the broken-line circle portion in (a) showing the relationship between the beam and the piezoelectric material when the beam in (a) is a steel beam in particular. is there. (A), (b) is a state in which a beam, which is one structural member constituting the load receiving portion, and a column, which is the other structural member, are joined so as to be relatively displaceable in the positive and negative directions of the thickness direction of the piezoelectric material. FIG. 2B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. 2B showing a state in which one and the other piezoelectric material are joined to the flange of the steel beam and the flange of the steel column; When the steel column flange is interposed between the nut and the nut, (b) shows that one and the other piezoelectric material are interposed between the split tee hardware and the steel column flange, and between the split tee hardware and the bolt head. This is the case. (C) is sectional drawing which showed the example at the time of dividing | segmenting the compression resistance part of 1 sheet in Fig.3- (a) into several compression resistance part. 6 is a graph showing a state in which a compressive force and a tensile force as an external force are alternately applied to a piezoelectric material as time passes when an initial compressive force is not applied to the piezoelectric material. 4A is a graph showing a state in which a compressive force is applied only when the external force shown in FIG. 4 is applied to the piezoelectric material that generates a voltage when the compressive force is applied, and FIG. It is the graph which showed a mode that the voltage was generate | occur | produced only when the piezoelectric material shown to a) bears a compressive force. (A) shows a state in which the compressive force is borne when the external force shown in FIG. 4 is applied to the piezoelectric material to which the initial compressive force is applied, both when the compressive force and the tensile force are applied. The graph (b) is a graph showing a state in which the piezoelectric material shown in (a) generates a voltage at any time when a compressive force and a tensile force are acting as external forces. (A) is the outline figure which showed the mode of the transfer of the voltage between the compression resistance part and tensile resistance part of the load receiving part which becomes a pair, (b) is the voltage between the compression resistance parts of the load receiving part which becomes a pair (C) is the schematic diagram which showed the mode of the transmission / reception of the voltage between the tensile resistance parts of the load receiving part which becomes a pair. It is an elevational view showing the relationship between the brace and the piezoelectric material when the load receiving portion is a joint portion between the brace and the frame that alternately receive the compressive force and the tensile force. (A) is when the structure is divided into an upper structure and a lower structure via a seismic isolation device, and the seismic isolation device and the upper structure in which the load receiving part is installed between the upper structure and the lower structure, or The elevation which showed the relationship between the seismic isolation apparatus and piezoelectric material in the case of a junction part with a lower structure, (b) is an enlarged view of the seismic isolation apparatus part in (a).

  FIG. 1 shows a pair in which a tensile force and a compressive force act alternately and alternately when the structure 20 receives a horizontal force, and a compressive force acts on the other when a tensile force acts on one. In the load receiving portions 2 and 3, the load receiving portions 2 (3) and the other load receiving portion 3 (2) are incorporated into the load receiving portions 2 and 3, respectively. The relationship between the external force acting on the paired piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 and the deformation when the vibration control device 1 including the piezoelectric materials (piezoelectric elements) 4 and 5 that receive the load receives external force is shown. The vibration control device 1 is composed of a combination of paired piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 that have different directions of force to be borne. For the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5, quartz, piezoelectric ceramics, or the like is used.

  The load receiving portions 2 and 3 that form a pair need only have a relationship in which a compressive force acts on the other load receiving portion 3 when a tensile force acts on one load receiving portion 2. The site | part in the structure 20 of 3 or the structure 20 outside is not specified. Since the vibration control device 1 can be applied to, for example, a joint structure between a bridge pier and a bridge girder in addition to the building structure shown in FIG. 1 and the like, the structure 20 includes a civil engineering structure.

  When a tensile force or a compressive force is applied to one load receiving portion 2 (3) of the pair of load receiving portions 2, 3, the piezoelectric material 4 (5) of the one load receiving portion 2 (3) is provided. ) Generates a voltage corresponding to the amount of expansion or contraction according to the pressure in the thickness direction that it bears. The voltage generated by the one piezoelectric material 4 (5) is left as it is, or in the state in which the sign is switched, the other deformation of the load receiving portion 3 (2) on which the compressive force or tensile force is applied, or It is applied to the piezoelectric material 5 (4) which is stretched and deformed. The voltage generated by one piezoelectric material 4 (5) maintains the positive and negative electrodes at both ends, or passes through an inverting circuit 10 such as an inverting amplifier (inverting amplifier circuit), so that the positive and negative electrodes are switched. Then, it is applied to the other piezoelectric material 5 (4).

  The voltage generated when the piezoelectric material 4 (5) of the one load receiving portion 2 (3) is stretched and deformed under a tensile force acting on the one load receiving portion 2 (3) is used as the other load receiving portion. The deformation of the piezoelectric material 4 (5) that generates a voltage and the deformation of the piezoelectric material 5 (4) to which a voltage is applied, as in the case of applying to the contracted and deformed piezoelectric material 5 (4) of 3 (2) Is opposite, that is, when one piezoelectric material 4 (5) undergoes expansion deformation (contraction deformation) and the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) undergoes contraction deformation (extension deformation), one piezoelectric material 4 (5 ) Is applied to the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) with the positive electrode and the negative electrode interchanged.

  The piezoelectric material 4 (5) of the one load receiving portion 2 (3) bears the tensile force acting on the one load receiving portion 2 (3) as a compressive force, and the voltage generated when contracting and deforming is applied to the other load. The piezoelectric material 5 (4) to which a voltage is applied and the deformation of the piezoelectric material 4 (5) that generates a voltage, as in the case of applying to the shrinking and deforming piezoelectric material 5 (4) of the receiving portion 3 (2). When the deformation of the piezoelectric material 4 (5) is the same, that is, when both the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are contracted or deformed together, the voltage generated by one piezoelectric material 4 (5) is switched between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. And applied to the other piezoelectric material 5 (4).

  The other piezoelectric material 5 (4) is generated by one piezoelectric material 4 (5), and is currently undergoing expansion deformation or contraction deformation depending on the applied voltage while maintaining the positive and negative electrodes or by reversing the positive and negative electrodes. The other load receiving portion 3 is generated in the acting direction of the compressive force or tensile force received, and the reaction force corresponding to the amount of expansion or contraction is pushed back against the compression force or the force attracting the tensile force. Act on (2). The reaction force acts in a direction opposite to the direction of the action of the compressive force or tensile force as an external force, and thus becomes a resistance force to the external force, and reduces (cancels) the external force.

  FIG. 2- (a) is a joint between the beam 7 which is one structural member and the column 6 which is the other structural member in the frame in which the load receiving portions 2 and 3 which are paired are the column 6 and the beam 7. External load and each load when one load receiving portion 2 is a joint portion between the upper end portion of the beam 7 and the column 6 and the other load receiving portion 3 is a joint portion between the lower end portion of the beam 7 and the column 6. A state of deformation occurring in the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 in the receiving portions 2 and 3 is shown. One load receiving portion 2 and the other load receiving portion 3 are only distinguished for convenience, and the external force load state of the load receiving portion 2 that receives a compressive force and the load receiving portion 3 that receives a tensile force at a certain point in time. Are alternately switched, so that one load receiving portion 2 receives a tensile force immediately after receiving a compressive force, and the other load receiving portion 3 receives a compressive force immediately after receiving a tensile force. A specific example of FIG. 2- (a) is shown in (b).

  In FIG. 2- (b), both the column 6 and the beam 7 are both steel frames, and one load receiving portion 2 is a flange 71a at the upper part of the steel beam 71 as a structural member, and a flange 61a of the steel column 61 as a structural member. A specific example is shown in which the other load receiving portion 3 is a joint between the lower flange 71 a of the steel beam 71 and the flange 61 a of the steel column 61.

  Here, a split tee hardware 8 as a joint hardware is joined to the ends of the upper and lower flanges 71a and 71a of the steel beam 71, and a piezoelectric element is interposed between the flange 8a of the split tee hardware 8 and the flange 61a of the steel column 61. Materials 4 and 5 are interposed. The split tee hardware 8 is joined to the flange 71a of the steel beam 71 by a bolt or the like in the web 8b. Since the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are interposed between the flange 61a of the steel column 61, the flange of the steel column 61 is provided. The flange 61a of the split tee hardware 8 is joined to 61a using bolts 9 penetrating the flange 61a. The bolt 9 also penetrates the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5.

  Here, the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 interposed between the flange 8a of the split tee hardware 8 and the flange 61a of the steel column 61 are subjected to a tensile force due to a bending moment acting on the column / beam joint, thereby causing elongation deformation. The flange 8a of the split tee hardware 8 is approximately the distance from the flange 61a of the steel column 61 in consideration of the amount of deformation in the thickness direction of the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 so that it can be deformed by receiving a compressive force. The steel beam 71 is joined so as to be relatively displaceable in the axial direction. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, from the state where the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are sandwiched between the flange 8a of the split tee hardware 8 and the flange 61a of the steel column 61, further split tee hardware. The flange 8a is joined to the flange 61a so that the flange 8a can be displaced in a direction approaching and away from the flange 61a of the steel column 61.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are directly or indirectly interposed in the axial direction of the steel beam 71 between the flange 8 a of the split tee hardware 8 and the flange 61 a of the steel column 61. is there. In these examples, as shown in FIG. 2, as a general rule, the piezoelectric material 4 of any one of the load receiving portions 2 that receives a tensile force at the same time as the vibration of the structure 20 starts extending and deforms in the axial direction of the steel beam 6, A voltage corresponding to the amount of elongation deformation is generated. In this case, the deformation (elongation deformation) that occurs in the piezoelectric material 4 of the load receiving portion 2 that receives a tensile force and the deformation (contraction deformation) that occurs in the piezoelectric material 5 of the load receiving portion 3 that receives a compressive force are opposite. The voltage of the piezoelectric material 4 that has undergone elongation deformation is applied to the piezoelectric material 5 that is contracted by receiving a compressive force as an external force in the other load receiving portion 3 with the positive and negative being switched.

  When the voltage generated by the one piezoelectric material 4 (5) that has been deformed is applied to the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) that has been contracted or deformed, the voltage that has been generated by the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) that has been contracted or deformed is expanded. When applying to one deformed piezoelectric material 4 (5), it is necessary to change the direction of the voltage. Therefore, the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) is switched by switching the polarity of the voltage of one piezoelectric material 4 (5). Therefore, an inverting circuit 10 such as an inverting amplifier (inverting amplifier circuit) that converts the direction of voltage is connected to one piezoelectric material 4 (5) and the other piezoelectric material 5 (4). The piezoelectric material 4 (5) is generated by connecting the positive and negative electrodes of the piezoelectric material 4 (5) that has generated the voltage to the positive and negative input terminals of the inverting circuit 10 respectively. The positive and negative voltages are exchanged by the inverting circuit 10.

  In this case, when the piezoelectric material 4 (5) of one load receiving portion 2 (3) is stretched and deformed in the axial direction of the steel beam 71, both surfaces in the axial direction of the steel beam 71 (the acting direction of the tensile force to be borne). A potential difference (voltage) is generated between them, and this potential difference is applied to the positive and negative input terminals of the inverting circuit 10. A reverse voltage having the same magnitude as the input voltage is output from the output terminal of the inverting circuit 10, and this voltage of the piezoelectric material 5 (4) of the other load receiving portion 3 (2) is contracted and deformed. It is applied between both surfaces of the steel beam 71 in the axial direction (the direction of the acting compressive force).

  At the time shown in FIG. 2A, when the piezoelectric material 4 of one of the load receiving portions 2 is stretched and deformed by receiving a tensile force, the piezoelectric material 5 of the other load receiving portion 3 is simultaneously subjected to a compressive force. The other piezoelectric material 5 generates a voltage corresponding to the amount of shrinkage deformation. When the voltage generated by the other piezoelectric material 5 is used for contracting and deforming one of the piezoelectric materials 4 that has been deformed by extension, the voltage generated by the other piezoelectric material 5 is used by one load receiving portion. In order to apply to the second piezoelectric material 4, the inverting circuit 11 is also provided between the piezoelectric material 5 of the other load receiving portion 3 and the piezoelectric material 4 of the one load receiving portion 2 as shown in FIG. Is connected.

  In FIG. 2B, the piezoelectric material 5 of the other load receiving portion 3 that receives a compressive force as an external force and contracts and deforms in the axial direction of the steel beam 6 receives a tensile force and responds to the amount of expansion deformation. By applying a voltage between both surfaces of the piezoelectric material 4 of one load receiving portion 2 that generates a voltage, the piezoelectric material 5 of the other load receiving portion 3 is deformed and deformed by the voltage in the axial direction of the steel beam 71. It generates and generates a resistance force against the compression force as an external force. The resistance force of the external force against the compressive force acts as a force to push back the external force, and the compressive force is reduced. Therefore, the amount of deformation in the axial direction of the steel beam 71 of the load receiving portion 5 by the compressive force acting as the external force is actual. It becomes smaller than the amount of deformation caused by the compression force.

  In particular, as shown in FIG. 2B, the voltage generated by the piezoelectric material 4 (5) of one load receiving portion 2 (3) is applied to the piezoelectric material 5 (4) of the other load receiving portion 3 (2). The inverter circuit 11 and the inverter circuit 11 for applying the voltage generated by the piezoelectric material 5 (4) of the other load receiving portion 3 (2) to the piezoelectric material 4 (5) of the one load receiving portion 2 (3) are piezoelectric materials. 4 and 5, regardless of the direction of the action of external force, the voltage due to elongation deformation generated in one of the paired piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 is used as a resistance force against the other compressive force. Thus, it is possible to use the voltage due to the contraction deformation generated on the other side as a resistance force against one tensile force.

  In this case, the voltage generated by one piezoelectric material 4 (5) is applied to the other piezoelectric material 5 (4), and at the same time, the voltage generated by the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) is applied to one piezoelectric material 4 (5). ), The reaction force for reducing the compression force of the external force is generated simultaneously with the action of the external force (horizontal force) in both load receiving portions 2 and 3, and the vibration of the structure 20 is attenuated at an early stage. Is possible.

  FIGS. 3A and 3B are a beam 7 (steel beam 71) as one structural member constituting the load receiving portions 2 and 3 and the other structural member as a specific example of FIG. A specific example in which the column 6 (steel column 61) is joined in a state in which relative displacement is possible in the positive and negative directions of the thickness direction of the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 will be shown. FIG. 2B shows an example in which the flange 71a of the steel beam 71 and the flange 61a of the steel column 61 are indirectly joined via the split tee hardware 8, but FIG. 8 shows a state in which the flange 8a of the steel 8 and the flange 61a of the steel column 61 are connected by the bolt 9 so as to be movable relative to each other in the thickness direction (axial direction) of the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5.

  Specifically, the shaft portion of the bolt 9 installed between the flange 8a of the split tee hardware 8 and the flange 61a of the steel column 61 is inserted into the flange 61a of the steel column 61 so as to be relatively movable in the axial direction of the bolt 9. The head of the bolt 9 is engaged with one of the flange 8a and the flange 61a on the outside of the opposing surface, and the nut 91 that is screwed into the shaft portion of the bolt 9 is engaged with the other side and the outside of the opposing surface. It is stopped. 3A, the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are interposed between the flange 8a and the flange 61a, and between the flange 61a and the nut 91 or the head of the bolt 9.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 bear the compressive force when each of the load receiving portions 2 and 3 receives the compressive force and when it receives the tensile force. Thus, when the load receiving portions 2 and 3 receive the compressive force, the compression resistance portions 41 and 51 that bear the compressive force, and when the load receiving portions 2 and 3 receive the tensile force, the tensile force is applied as the compressive force. The tensile resistance portions 42 and 52 are divided. The tensile resistance portions 42 and 52 resist the tensile force by bearing a compressive force in the thickness direction when the load receiving portions 2 and 3 receive the tensile force.

  In this case, the compression resistance portions 41 and 51 are interposed between the flange 8a and the flange 61a, and the tension resistance portions 42 and 52 are disposed between the flange 61a and the nut 91 as shown in FIG. As shown in (b), when interposed between the flange 8a and the head of the bolt 9, the compression resistance portions 41 and 51 and the tensile resistance portions 42 and 52 all bear a compression force in the thickness direction. Are incorporated in the load receiving portions 2 and 3 in a state where a voltage is generated. 3A, the bolt 9 passing through the flange 8a of the split tee hardware 8 and the flange 61a of the column 6 is inserted through the flange 61a so as to be relatively movable in the axial direction, and the flange 8a is a flange. It is in a state of being relatively movable in the axial direction of the bolt 9 with respect to 61a.

  In the example of FIG. 3 (FIG. 2), the load receiving portion 2 on the upper flange 71a side of the steel beam 71 is indicated by a black arrow, and when the relative displacement in the direction in which the upper flange 71a approaches the steel column 61 occurs. A tensile force is applied when a relative displacement in the direction of moving away is generated as indicated by a white arrow. Similarly, the load receiving portion 3 on the lower flange 71a side of the steel beam 71 is also subjected to a compressive force when a relative displacement occurs in a direction in which the lower flange 71a approaches the steel column 61, and a relative displacement in a direction away from the steel beam 71 occurs. Sometimes receives tensile force.

  3- (b) interposed between the flange 61a and the nut 91 as shown in FIG. 3- (a), and between the flange 8a and the head of the bolt 9. The tensile resistance portions 42 and 52 shown in FIG. 2 are in a state in which the load receiving portions 2 and 3 receive a compressive force when the flange 8a moves relative to the flange 61a in a direction away from the flange 61a. Therefore, in the case of the example shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the compression resistance portions 41 and 51 contract and deform by contracting by bearing the compression force when the load receiving portions 2 and 3 receive the compression force. A voltage corresponding to the amount of deformation is generated, and when the load receiving portions 2 and 3 receive a tensile force, the tensile resistance portions 42 and 52 are contracted and deformed by bearing a compressive force, and a voltage corresponding to the amount of contraction is generated. Occur.

  In the case of the example shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, when voltage is exchanged between the piezoelectric material 4 and the piezoelectric material 5 of the pair of load receivers 2 and 3, FIG. As shown in a), the voltage generated by the tensile resistance portion 42 that bears the compressive force in one load receiving portion 2 that has received the tensile force bears the compressive force in the other load receiving portion 3 that has received the compressive force. Then, it is applied to the compression resistance portion 51 which is contracted and deformed. At the same time, the voltage generated by the compression resistance portion 51 bearing the compressive force in the other load receiving portion 3 bears the compressive force in the one load receiving portion 2 subjected to the tensile force, and the tensile resistance portion is contracted and deformed. (Claim 5). In this case, the compression resistance portion 41 (51) of the other load receiving portion 3 (2) is generated by the tensile resistance portion 42 (52) of the one load receiving portion 2 (3), and the elongation corresponding to the applied voltage is generated. Deformation occurs in the direction of the compressive force, and a reaction force corresponding to the amount of elongation deformation is applied to the other load receiving portion 3 (2).

  Similarly, the voltage generated by the compression resistance portion 41 that bears the compressive force in the one load receiving portion 2 that has received the compressive force bears the compressive force in the other load receiving portion 3 that has received the tensile force, and contracts and deforms. The voltage generated by the tensile resistance portion 52 that is applied to the tensile resistance portion 52 that is applied and simultaneously bears the compressive force in the other load receiving portion 3 receives the compressive force in the one load receiving portion 2 that has received the compressive force. It is applied to the compression resistance portion 41 that bears and contracts. In this case, the tensile resistance portion 42 (52) of the other load receiving portion 3 (2) is generated by the compression resistance portion 41 (51) of the one load receiving portion 2 (3), and the elongation corresponding to the applied voltage is generated. Deformation is caused in the direction of application of the tensile force, and a reaction force corresponding to the amount of elongation deformation is applied to the other load receiving portion 3 (2).

  In these cases, the deformation (contraction deformation) that occurs in the piezoelectric material 4 (tensile resistance portion 42) of the load receiving portion 2 that has received a tensile force for transferring voltage, and the piezoelectric material 5 of the load receiving portion 3 that has received a compressive force. The deformation (contraction deformation) generated in the (compression resistance portion 51) is the same, and the deformation (contraction deformation) generated in the piezoelectric material 4 (compression resistance portion 41) of the load receiving portion 2 subjected to the compression force and the tensile force are received. Since the deformation (contraction deformation) generated in the piezoelectric material 5 (tensile resistance portion 52) of the load receiving portion 3 is the same, the voltages generated by the one and the other piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are applied to the other and the one piezoelectric material 5 respectively. 4, it is not necessary to change the sign of the voltage generated by each piezoelectric material 4, 5.

  In addition, in the example shown in FIG. 3A, the head of the bolt 9 is fixed to the flange 8a of the split tee hardware 8 by welding or the like, and the both sides in the thickness direction of the tensile resistance portions 42 and 52 are attached to the steel column 61. If the flange 61a and the nut 91 are bonded, when a compressive force is applied to the load receiving portions 2 and 3, a tensile force is applied to the tensile resistance portions 42 and 52 in the thickness direction to cause elongation deformation. I can. Similarly, if the thickness direction both surfaces of the tensile resistance portions 42 and 52 of the example shown in FIG. 3B are bonded to the flange 8a and the head of the bolt 9, a compressive force acts on the load receiving portions 2 and 3. In this case, a tensile force can be applied to the tensile resistance portions 42 and 52 in the thickness direction to cause elongation deformation.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the compression resistance portion 41 and the tensile resistance portion 42 which are piezoelectric materials arranged in one load receiving portion 2 and the other load receiving portion 3 are also arranged. By applying a compressive force (initial compressive force) in the thickness direction in advance to at least one of the compressive resistance portion 51 and the tensile resistance portion 52, which is a piezoelectric material, a load as shown in FIG. Not only when a compressive force is applied to each of the receiving portions 2 and 3, but also when a tensile force is applied, all the piezoelectric materials 41, 42, 51 and 52 can be placed in a state where the compressive force is borne. As shown in FIG. 6- (b), it is possible to continue to generate a voltage when the load receiving portion 2, 3 compressive force is applied and when a tensile force is applied.

  Specifically, when the compressive force is applied to the piezoelectric material 4 (5) on the load receiving portion 2 (3), the compression resistance portion 41 (51) that bears the compressive force, and the tensile force on the load receiving portion 2 (3). Can be divided into the tensile resistance portion 42 (52) that bears the compression force when applied, and a compression force (initial compression force) can be applied in advance to the compression resistance portion 41 (51) in the thickness direction ( Claim 7). In this case, when a tensile force acts on one load receiving portion 2 (3) and a compressive force acts on the other load receiving portion 3 (2) as shown by a solid arrow in FIG. 7- (b). The compression resistance portion 41 (51) of one load receiving portion 2 (3) applies a voltage corresponding to the amount of contraction deformation generated by the initial compression force to the compression resistance portion 51 (41) of the other load receiving portion 3 (2). The compression resistance portion 41 (51) of the one load receiving portion 2 (3) is generated in the other compression resistance portion 51 (41), and the expansion deformation according to the applied voltage is applied to the direction of action of the compression force. The reaction force corresponding to the amount of elongation deformation can be applied to the other load receiving portion 3 (2).

  At a time point subsequent to the time point shown in FIG. 7- (b), a compressive force is applied to one load receiving portion 2 (3) and a tensile force is applied to the other load receiving portion 3 (2) as indicated by a broken arrow. Therefore, if an initial compressive force is applied to the compression resistance portions 41 and 51 of the one load receiving portion 2 (3) and the other load receiving portion 3 (2), the load receiving portions 2 and 3 It is possible to obtain a state in which voltages are always generated in the compression resistance portions 41 and 51 and the respective voltages are used to generate reaction forces of the compression resistance portions 51 and 41 on the pair side.

  Similarly, when the compressive force is applied to the piezoelectric material 4 (5) on the load receiving portion 2 (3), the tensile resistance acts on the compression resistance portion 41 (51) that bears the compressive force and the load receiving portion 2 (3). The tensile resistance portion 42 (52) that bears the compressive force is divided, and a compressive force (initial compressive force) can be applied in advance to the tensile resistance portion 42 (52) in the thickness direction (claim). 8). In this case, when a compressive force acts on one load receiving portion 2 (3) and a tensile force acts on the other load receiving portion 3 (2) as shown by a solid arrow in FIG. 7- (c). The voltage corresponding to the amount of contraction and deformation generated by the initial compressive force of the tensile resistance portion 42 (52) of one load receiving portion 2 (3) is applied to the tensile resistance portion 52 (42) of the other load receiving portion 3 (2). The tensile resistance portion 42 (52) of one load receiving portion 2 (3) is generated in the other tensile resistance portion 52 (42), and the elongation deformation according to the applied voltage is applied to the direction of the tensile force. The reaction force corresponding to the amount of elongation deformation can be applied to the other load receiving portion 3 (2).

  At a time point subsequent to the time point shown in FIG. 7- (c), a tensile force is applied to one load receiving portion 2 (3) and a compressive force is applied to the other load receiving portion 3 (2), as indicated by a broken arrow. Therefore, if an initial compressive force is applied to the tensile resistance portions 42 and 52 of one load receiving portion 2 (3) and the other load receiving portion 3 (2), the load receiving portions 2 and 3 It is possible to obtain a state in which voltages are always generated in the tensile resistance portions 42 and 52 and the respective voltages are used to generate reaction forces of the tensile resistance portions 52 and 42 on the pair side.

  By applying an initial compressive force to the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5, it is possible to cause the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 to continuously generate a voltage when a compressive force and a tensile force are applied to the load receiving portions 2 and 3, as shown in FIG. The example of (b) is also possible. The initial compressive force is applied to both the piezoelectric material 4 of one load receiving portion 2 and the piezoelectric material 5 of the other load receiving portion 3 in FIG. Since both the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 can always bear a compressive force that fluctuates at any time when a force and a tensile force are applied, both the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 bear the compressive force and voltage. A situation can be formed. In that case, both the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 that exchange voltage are contracted and deformed, and the voltage generated by one piezoelectric material 4 (5) is used for the expansion and deformation of the other piezoelectric material 5 (4). Therefore, since it is not necessary to change the direction of the voltage, the inverting circuits 10 and 11 in FIG.

  FIG. 8 shows a pair of load receiving portions 2 and 3 laid in a frame made up of a column 6 and a beam 7 and a brace 12 as one structural member and any part of the frame as the other structural member. An example in the case of a joint is shown.

  In FIG. 8, the beam 7 is formed so that the joint portion of the two braces 12, 12 laid in a pair in the frame becomes the load receiving portions 2, 3 that alternately receive the compressive force and the tensile force. A bracket 13 protrudes from the lower surface side of the central portion in the axial direction, and the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are interposed between the bracket 13 and the end plate 14 fixed to the end face of each brace 12. In this case, the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are indirectly sandwiched between the brace 12 and the frame via the bracket 13 and the end plate 14. The two braces 12, 12 installed in a pair in the frame only need to be in a state where one brace 12 bears a compressive force and the other brace 12 bears a tensile force. 3 is not limited to the K-type erection state, but may be erected in an X-type crossing state.

  In the example of FIG. 8, the pair of load receiving portions 2 and 3 is one of the two braces 12 and 12 joined to the bracket 13 protruding from the center of the upper beam 7 constituting the frame. 12 joints and the other brace 12 joint. The joint between one bracket 13 joined to the joint (corner) with the pillars 6 and 6 of the lower beam 7 and the lower end of the brace 12 on the side, the other bracket 13 and the side on the side The joint portion with the lower end portion of the brace 12 also becomes a load receiving portion 2 and 3 that form a pair.

  In the case of the example shown in FIG. 8, the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are in a state of being directly or indirectly interposed between the end plate 14 and the bracket 13 in the axial direction of the brace 12, and the structure 20 At the same time, the piezoelectric material 4 (5) of one of the load receiving portions 2 (3) that receives a tensile force undergoes elongation deformation in the axial direction of the brace 12, and generates a voltage corresponding to the amount of elongation deformation. The voltage of the piezoelectric material 4 (5) that has undergone elongation deformation is converted in the reverse direction through the inverting circuit 10 and applied to the piezoelectric material 5 (4) of the other load receiving portion 3 (2).

  The piezoelectric material 5 (4) of the other load receiving portion 3 (2) that receives the compression force simultaneously with the start of vibration of the structure 20 is contracted and deformed in the axial direction of the brace 12, and generates a voltage corresponding to the amount of contraction deformation. However, when the voltage generated by the other piezoelectric material 5 (4) is used for contracting and deforming one of the piezoelectric materials 4 (5) undergoing expansion and deformation, the other load receiving portion 3 (2) is used. The inverting circuit 11 is also connected between the piezoelectric material 5 (4) of the above and the piezoelectric material 4 (5) of the one load receiving portion 2 (3).

  In this example, a plate facing the end plate 14 is joined to the edge of the bracket 13 on the end plate 14 side, and the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are interposed between the plate and the end plate 14. Also in this case, when the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 interposed between the end plate 14 and the bracket 13 (plate) are subjected to a tensile force due to an axial force acting on the brace 12 from a normal state, an elongation deformation occurs. As in the example shown in FIG. 3, the end plate 14 is joined to the bracket 13 (plate) so as to be relatively displaceable in the axial direction of the brace 12 so that it can be contracted and deformed when subjected to a compressive force. .

  9- (a) shows that the upper structure 17 and the lower structure 18 are sandwiched between seismic isolation devices 15 and 16 in which a vertical axial force acts when the structure 20 vibrates, such as a laminated rubber bearing. The example of installation of the piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 in the case of being divided into two is shown. In this example, any seismic isolation device 15 that bears a compressive force in the vertical direction when the structure 20 vibrates and any other seismic isolation device 16 that bears a tensile force in the vertical direction form a pair. The joints between the seismic devices 15 and 16 and the upper structure 17 facing each other become the load receiving portions 2 and 3, and the joints between the seismic isolation devices 15 and 16 and the lower structure 18 facing each other also The load receiving portions 2 and 3 are paired. In this case, the upper structure 17 and the seismic isolation device 15 (16) are one and the other structural members constituting the load receiving portion 2 (3), and the lower structure 18 and the seismic isolation device 16 (15) are also the load receiving portion 3. One and the other structural member constituting (2).

  The seismic isolation devices 15 and 16 are joined to the upper structure 17 and the lower structure 18 in a vertically integrated flange, but as shown in FIG. 9- (b), between the upper flange and the upper structure 17, Piezoelectric materials 4 and 5 are interposed between at least one of the flange and the lower structure 18 in a state where a compressive force is applied in the vertical direction.

  In the example of FIG. 9, when the structure 20 receives an external force (horizontal force) and sways to one side in the horizontal direction, the upper structure 17 and the flange of the seismic isolation device 15 on the side where the upper structure 17 is about to rise from the lower structure 18 The piezoelectric material 4 interposed between the upper structure 17 or the lower structure 18 bears a tensile force in the vertical direction (the axial direction of the seismic isolation device 15), and the seismic isolation device on the side where the upper structure 17 is about to sink. The piezoelectric material 5 interposed between the 16 flanges and the upper structure 17 or the lower structure 18 bears a compressive force in the vertical direction (the axial direction of the seismic isolation device 16).

  Also in this case, the seismic isolation devices 15, 16 are accompanied by the horizontal force that the piezoelectric materials 4, 5 interposed between the flanges of the seismic isolation devices 15, 16 and the upper structure 17 or the lower structure 18 act on the structure 20. As in the example shown in FIG. 3, the flanges of the seismic isolation devices 15, 16 are formed at the upper part so that they can be stretched and deformed by receiving a tensile force due to an axial force acting in the axial direction. It is joined to the structure 17 or the lower structure 18 so as to be relatively displaceable in the axial direction of the seismic isolation devices 15 and 16.

  The voltage generated by the piezoelectric material 4 (5) of one load receiving portion 2 (3) that bears a tensile force and undergoes elongation deformation bears a compressive force via the inverting circuit 10 and the other that has undergone shrinkage deformation. By applying a reverse voltage to the piezoelectric material 5 (4) of the load receiving portion 3 (2), the piezoelectric material 5 (4) is stretched and deformed to generate a resistance force against the compressive force.

  Since the piezoelectric material 5 (4) of the other load receiving portion 3 (2) that receives a compressive force when the one load receiving portion 2 (3) receives a tensile force generates a voltage due to contraction, this In order to use the voltage for the purpose of contracting and deforming the piezoelectric material 4 (5) which is deformed and stretched in one load receiving portion 2 (3), the piezoelectric material 5 (4 in the other load receiving portion 3 (2) is used. ) And the piezoelectric material 4 (5) of one of the load receiving portions 2 (3), the inverting circuit 11 is also connected.

1 ... Damping device, 20 ... Structure,
2 …… Load receiving part, 3 …… Load receiving part,
4 ... Piezoelectric material (one load receiving part 2), 41 ... Compression resistance part, 42 ... Tensile resistance part,
5 ... Piezoelectric material (the other load receiving part 3) 51 ... Compression resistance part 52 ... Tensile resistance part
6 …… Column, 61 …… Steel column, 61a …… Flange,
7 ... Beam, 71 ... Steel beam, 71a ... Flange,
8 ... Split tea hardware, 8a ... Flange, 8b ... Web,
9 ... Bolt, 91 ... Nut,
10 ... Inverting circuit, 11 ... Inverting circuit,
12 ... Brace, 13 ... Bracket, 14 ... End plate,
15 ... Seismic isolation device, 16 ... Seismic isolation device,
17: Superstructure, 18: Substructure.

Claims (8)

When the structure receives a horizontal force, a tensile force and a compressive force are alternately and repeatedly applied. When a tensile force acts on one side, a compressive force acts on the other. ,
A piezoelectric material that is incorporated in each of the one load receiving portion and the other load receiving portion and bears the tensile force and the compressive force as pressure in the thickness direction when the horizontal force is applied,
When the tensile force or compressive force is applied to the one load receiving portion, the piezoelectric material of the one load receiving portion generates a voltage corresponding to the amount of expansion deformation or the amount of contraction deformation of the other, Applied to the piezoelectric material of the load receiving portion on which the compressive force or tensile force is applied, the piezoelectric material of the other load receiving portion is generated by the piezoelectric material of the one load receiving portion, and the applied voltage is applied to the piezoelectric material. A corresponding expansion deformation or contraction deformation is generated in the direction of application of the compression force or tensile force, and a reaction force corresponding to the expansion deformation amount or the contraction deformation amount is applied to the other load receiving portion. A vibration control device that uses piezoelectric material.   When the compressive force or tensile force is applied to the other load receiving portion, the piezoelectric material of the other load receiving portion is generated. Applied to the piezoelectric material of the load receiving portion on which a tensile force or compressive force is applied, the piezoelectric material of this one load receiving portion is generated by the piezoelectric material of the other load receiving portion, and is applied to the applied voltage. According to the present invention, a corresponding shrinkage deformation or elongation deformation is generated in the direction of application of the tensile force or compression force, and a reaction force according to the shrinkage deformation amount or the elongation deformation amount is applied to the one load receiving portion. A vibration control device using the piezoelectric material according to claim 1.   3. The vibration damping device using the piezoelectric material according to claim 1, wherein a compressive force is applied in advance in the thickness direction to the piezoelectric material of each of the load receiving portions.   The piezoelectric material is interposed between one structural member constituting the load receiving portion and the other structural member, and the one structural member and the other structural member are in a direction to receive an external force of the piezoelectric material. The vibration control device using the piezoelectric material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the vibration control device is joined so as to be relatively displaceable in the thickness direction or in the positive and negative directions in the axial direction. When the structure receives a horizontal force, a tensile force and a compressive force are alternately and repeatedly applied. When a tensile force acts on one side, a compressive force acts on the other. ,
A piezoelectric material that is incorporated in each of the one load receiving portion and the other load receiving portion and bears the tensile force and the compressive force as pressure in the thickness direction when the horizontal force is applied,
The piezoelectric material is divided into a compression resistance portion that bears a compression force when a compression force acts on the load receiving portion and a tension resistance portion that bears a compression force when a tensile force acts on the load reception portion. ,
The tensile force acts on the one load receiving portion, and the voltage corresponding to the amount of contraction deformation generated when the tensile resistance portion of the one load receiving portion bears the compressive force is the compressive force acting on the one load receiving portion. Applied to the compression resistance portion bearing the compressive force in the other load receiving portion, and the compression resistance portion of the other load receiving portion is generated by applying the tensile resistance portion of the one load receiving portion. A vibration damping device using a piezoelectric material, wherein an elongation deformation corresponding to the voltage is generated in a direction in which the compressive force is applied, and a reaction force corresponding to the amount of the expansion deformation is applied to the other load receiving portion.   The compressive force is applied to the one load receiving portion, and the voltage corresponding to the amount of contraction deformation generated when the compression resistance portion of the one load receiving portion bears the compressive force is applied to the tensile force. Applied to the tensile resistance portion bearing a compressive force in the other load receiving portion, and the tensile resistance portion of the other load receiving portion is generated and applied to the compression resistance portion of the one load receiving portion. The piezoelectric material according to claim 5, wherein an elongation deformation corresponding to the voltage is generated in an acting direction of the tensile force, and a reaction force corresponding to the amount of the elongation deformation is applied to the other load receiving portion. Seismic control device used. When the structure receives a horizontal force, a tensile force and a compressive force are alternately and repeatedly applied. When a tensile force acts on one side, a compressive force acts on the other. ,
A piezoelectric material that is incorporated in each of the one load receiving portion and the other load receiving portion and bears the tensile force and the compressive force as pressure in the thickness direction when the horizontal force is applied,
The piezoelectric material includes a compression resistance portion that bears a compression force when a compression force acts on each load receiving portion, and a tension resistance portion that bears a compression force when a tensile force acts on each load reception portion. The compression resistance portion is divided, and a compressive force is given in advance in the thickness direction,
When a tensile force acts on the one load receiving portion and a compressive force acts on the other load receiving portion, a voltage corresponding to the amount of contraction deformation generated by the compression resistance portion of the one load receiving portion is generated. The compression resistance portion of the other load receiving portion is applied to the compression resistance portion, and the compression resistance portion is generated by the compression resistance portion of the one load receiving portion, and is subjected to elongation deformation according to the applied voltage. A vibration control device using a piezoelectric material, characterized in that a reaction force generated in an acting direction is applied to the other load receiving portion according to the amount of elongation deformation. When the structure receives a horizontal force, a tensile force and a compressive force are alternately and repeatedly applied. When a tensile force acts on one side, a compressive force acts on the other. ,
A piezoelectric material that is incorporated in each of the one load receiving portion and the other load receiving portion and bears the tensile force and the compressive force as pressure in the thickness direction when the horizontal force is applied,
The piezoelectric material includes a compression resistance portion that bears a compression force when a compression force acts on each load receiving portion, and a tension resistance portion that bears a compression force when a tensile force acts on each load reception portion. The tensile resistance portion is divided, and a compressive force is given in advance in the thickness direction,
When a compressive force acts on the one load receiving portion and a tensile force acts on the other load receiving portion, a voltage corresponding to the amount of contraction deformation generated by the tensile resistance portion of the one load receiving portion is generated. The tensile resistance portion of the other load receiving portion is applied to the tensile resistance portion, and the tensile resistance portion of the one load receiving portion is generated, and an elongation deformation corresponding to the applied voltage is applied to the tensile force. A vibration control device using a piezoelectric material, characterized in that a reaction force generated in an acting direction is applied to the other load receiving portion according to the amount of elongation deformation.

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