JP2015048770A - Simple variable steam flow rate type steam turbine engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a steam turbine in compliance with a size of location where a boiler and facility for producing steam of specified pressure are installed irrespective of a usual trend that a large-sized fixed type steam turbine rotary device is mainly applied.SOLUTION: There is provided a steam turbine engine in which 14 blade plates or more corresponding to a required size installed under a slant angle of about 10 degrees are installed between two thin heat-resistant stainless steel discs, a circular case is installed outside to cover an entire circle while a clearance of 2 mm or more being spaced apart outside a turbine rotating part according to the amount of steam discharged from an injecting steam nozzle, the steam nozzle is attached to a part of the circular case and fixed there, a steam discharging port is opened at a side oppositely spaced apart by 300 degrees of the circular case and the turbine performs a driving action under utilization of a small amount of steam energy.

Description

The present invention is a steam turbine in which the blades of the turbine are of a steam impulse rotating type, and the configuration is between two thin stainless steel disks for heat-resistant, with 14 or more blade plates according to the required size being slanted to around 10 degrees. In addition, the vane plate is made to be smaller than 2 mm depending on the amount of steam emitted from the steam nozzle radiating from the outer periphery of the stainless steel disk, and the steam can pass easily. And inside the shaft, pillow bearings are placed on both outer sides of the shaft to make the turbine rotating part, and the outer part of the turbine rotating part is spaced outside by 2 mm or more to surround the entire circle. A circular case is installed, a steam nozzle is attached and fixed to a part of the case, a steam exhaust port is opened on the opposite side of this circular case, and the steam emitted from this nozzle is almost centered A simple steam flow variable steam turbine engine that features a structure that rotates a rotating turbine and discharges steam, is equipped with a condenser, is easy to manufacture and uses a small amount of steam energy, and is driven by a turbine. It is about.

Conventionally, steam turbines are mainly steam locomotives that pass through some of the blades of the turbine, impulse types that impinge on the blades, and reaction types for large generators. Recently, flange types and steam have been used for small generators. Although a circle has been developed that rotates in a spiral screw shape to obtain rotational force, etc., a reaction-type large steam turbine is mainly used to release large volumes of steam. .

In addition, whirlwind turbines have been developed for low-temperature steam turbines, but many of them have limited rotational force, and the above-mentioned reaction type turbines are large and have a large steam flow rate. For small steam generators and other rotary drives, the steam flow is low. Development of an impulse turbine is desired.

In particular, steam turbines are required to have a low steam flow rate and a design that makes maximum use of steam energy and easy control.

  The recoil type generator is also a large generator with many large turbines, and the installation conditions are the best, so the steam that is released is the best dry steam and the rotational speed is high, but the best conditions are not met. Development of steam turbines that drive even steam with a lot of moisture is necessary for power generation devices with small amounts and for driving small power.

Especially for steam boilers that burn gas and heavy oil, the combustion in the furnace is stable, so it is easy to control the amount of steam nozzles to be released.However, steam boilers that burn biomass do not burn in the boiler furnace. There are many problems such as stable and difficult temperature stabilization and the necessity of a steam flow stabilization device.

Recently, there is an accident of nuclear power generation, and it is necessary to shift to natural energy. In addition, power and heating equipment used for vegetable houses, vegetable factories, fish farms, mountain forests, bamboo forest sawmills, woodworks, There is an urgent need to develop a steam boiler for power generation and a steam turbine for driving that can respond to the scale of capacity, performance, price, etc. according to the demand generated by individual places such as industrial waste treatment industry.

JP-A-5-010106 JP 2012-202401 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 16-191699 is available, but there are few steam turbines that can meet demand in all of biomass fuel, gas, and heavy oil for small size use.

The present invention is intended to solve the problems of such conventional methods and configurations, and aims to develop and provide a small and inexpensive simple steam flow variable steam turbine engine. It is a thing.

The problem we are trying to solve is
(B) How can a steam turbine system that contains some steam depending on the required location be manufactured?
(B) How can a stable rotating steam turbine capable of handling any fuel such as biomass, gas, and heavy oil be produced?

The invention of claim 1 relates to a steam turbine, wherein the blades of the turbine are of a steam impulse rotating type, and the configuration thereof is between two thin stainless steel disks for heat resistance, and 14 or more blade plates according to the required size. Mounted at an angle of about 10 degrees, and this vane plate is smaller than 2 mm depending on the amount of steam emitted from the steam nozzle radiating from the outer periphery of the stainless steel disk, making it easy for steam to pass through. In the same disk fixing part and the shaft, the pillow bearings are placed on both outer sides of the shaft to make the turbine rotating part, and the outer part of the turbine rotating part is separated by 2 mm or more. A circular case is installed outside so as to wrap the whole, and a steam nozzle is attached and fixed to a part of the case. A steam exhaust port is opened on the opposite side of the circular case 300 degrees, and steam emitted from this nozzle However, in order to rotate the rotating turbine in the center, steam is discharged, and a condenser is attached, the whole manufacturing process is easy, a small amount of steam energy is used, and the turbine is driven. A simple steam flow variable steam turbine engine characterized by the above is provided.

In the invention of claim 2, in order to stabilize the rotational speed of the steam turbine, a magnet is attached to a part of the central shaft of the rotating turbine, and this is detected by a non-contact sensor, and the rotational speed is set in a sequence or controller memory chip in advance. When the specified number is exceeded, it is automatically and instantaneously transmitted to the slide motor. The rotation of the slide motor opens the auxiliary side lever of the steam nozzle, and at the same time the steam is released, the pressure of the main steam nozzle drops, and the steam The steam radiation speed to the turbine decreases, the rotation speed of the steam turbine also decreases, maintains a constant rotation, and if the rotation stabilizes, the auxiliary side lever returns to the original state and the steam release from the auxiliary lever stops. It is possible to obtain a stable steam turbine speed without requiring complicated equipment, and to have a structure optimal for a small steam turbine. And it provides a simple steam flow variable steam turbine engine according to claim 1.

The effect | action of said invention 1 is as follows. Steam impulse rotation type, creating a space where steam flows, and by guiding the steam to a circle of 300 degrees, even if there is a lot of moisture, there is an action that can rotate the rotating blade without leaking steam and efficiently use steam energy, A condenser is attached, and the same steam is used to reduce water usage.

The second aspect of the invention is that the flow rate is stabilized and the rotation speed of the steam generator is stabilized with the accuracy of the rotation speed of the steam turbine.

The simple steam flow variable steam turbine engine of the present invention described above exhibits the following effects.

The effect of the first invention is
(B) The pressure is not 15 to 30 atmospheres and high pressures, and it is not completely dry steam, and even steam containing moisture can be sufficiently used for the turbine due to the degree of space between the rotary blades and the outside.
(B) The invention turbine is a non-contact type turbine that can obtain the same energy as the steam piston of the steam locomotive for the steam energy released from the nozzle, and does not require long-term replacement.
(C) There are effects such as easy manufacture of steam turbines from small to medium.

The effects of the second invention are as follows.
Steam boilers are gas, heavy oil, coal, etc., but coal is also pulverized, so fuel drop control is as easy as heavy oil, etc., but relying on imports of 95% or more is difficult to establish new nuclear power Recently, improvement in the use of steam turbines using biomass as fuel has been sought, and which has the effect of being able to expand the use of biomass steam turbines with accuracy, ease of production and installation, and low cost.

As described above, the simple steam flow variable steam turbine engine of the invention can cope with a sudden increase in steam volume due to sudden changes in gas and heavy oil boilers and unstable biomass combustion boilers, making it easy to make turbines where steam energy is used and used Depending on the purpose, it can be used in a compact form as a rotary drive device for power generation, pumping pumps, ships and the like.

Figure of a simplified steam flow variable steam turbine engine showing an embodiment of the present invention Plan view (Hereinafter, a word indicating an embodiment of the present invention is omitted.) Steam turbine cross section Turbine side view Turbine blade section Simple steam flow variable device

As mentioned above, the simple steam flow variable steam turbine engine can be used as a compact device that can convert steam energy into rotational energy according to the required scale if there is steam with a certain pressure, Production, installation, and maintenance are easy and easy to spread.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be tested with a prototype, and the results will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 is a view of a simple steam flow variable steam turbine engine. In the apparatus shown in the figure, 1 is the whole case, and it is easy to use in a compact design. 2 is a separate bracket for convenient loading. No heat is accumulated at the vent 3. 4 is a product sign. The controller switch is easy to understand, 6 is a fall prevention plate, 7 can be used for generators and pumps that require rotation, such as timing pulleys and V pulleys, 8 is a steam inlet to the equipment Secure with a connecting flange and feed steam through this inlet.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a simple steam flow variable steam turbine engine 1 when viewed from above, and 9 is a pillow bearing that supports 11 turbine blades from both through a central shaft 10. The rotating shaft can be rotated at a high speed, and 12 rotating magnets are fixed to the tip of the central shaft 10, and the number of rotations is detected by 13 magnetic sensors.

In FIG. 2, 11 turbine blades are rotated by the steam discharged from the 14 main steam levers through the steam nozzle 15, and adjusting the amount of this steam was detected at 13. The number of turbine blades of 11 is set to 19 controller chips or a sequence of turbine blades, 16 slide motors are activated, 17 side levers are pushed, 18 auxiliary nozzles are opened, The amount of steam discharged from the 15 main steam nozzles is adjusted and the rotation speed of the 11 turbine blades is made constant, so that a simple steam turbine system can be achieved in order. 20 is a battery, and the inside is used for the power supply of the necessary motor controller system. The other numbers 7 and 8 are as shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a steam turbine.
There are 22 circular outer frame cases in 21 tabin cases, 11 turbine blades centering on 26 turbine fixing parts are placed 2 mm or more inside from the outside of 2 circles, and 23 arrow steam passage lines 22 shows a state passing through the middle of 22 circular outer frame cases and 11 turbine blades. Steam is discharged into the case and returned to warm water from the steam by 25 condenser cooling water pipes. Is again pumped back to the steam boiler.

As shown in FIG. 3, the present invention can rotate the turbine blade 11 via a circle of 300 degrees to change the steam energy to the rotational energy, and the steam is 22 even if the turbine speed is 7000 to 10,000. It is possible to make use of the power of steam with the circular outer frame case, and by further reducing the rotation with a speed reducer, the rotational shaft force of the turbine is increased according to the multiple of the speed reducer, and the rotational driving force of the generator, pump, etc. Can be obtained.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the turbine of FIG. 3, with 15 main steam nozzles below, and a clearance of 2 mm or more between 11 turbine blades and 22 circular outer case, but the speed of the steam is Yes, the steam rotates with little leakage from this gap. Numbers 9, 12, and 26 are as shown in FIGS.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the turbine blade portion, in which 10 shafts are fixed to 26 turbine fixing parts, supported by pillow block bearings, and 11 turbine blades are also fixed.
In the rotating structure, the tip of the 27 turbine blades is attached with an inclination of 10 degrees to reduce the wind force during rotation. In particular, the distance between the 22 circular outer frame case and the 27 turbine blade tip is the amount of steam and moisture. The steam discharged from the 15 main steam nozzles at a high speed is determined according to the content of the steam and hits the tip of the turbine blade of the 27 turbine and rotates. In order to pass like a bundle of steam, steam is discharged from the steam outlet on the opposite side of 300 degrees to the condenser without leaking from the open part at the center of the 22 circular outer frame case.

Fig. 6 shows a simplified steam flow variable device, with 14 main steam levers open and steam released from 15 main steam nozzles. Even with fuel such as biomass, gas, or heavy oil, flame control is instantaneous. When the change is impossible, the flow rate of steam changes suddenly, the turbine rotates at a high speed, and damages to machines such as generators and pumps. This is a system in which the slide jack expands and contracts, the 17 side levers open and close, and the steam is automatically discharged from the 18 auxiliary nozzles. Can be provided.

The simple steam flow variable steam turbine engine of the present application has recently been said to be difficult to install due to an accident in particular with nuclear power generation, and diversification of power generation has been called out. Among them, steam turbines such as natural energy geothermal power generation and biomass power generation There is a growing need. Among them, a small-sized small-sized steam turbine can be manufactured at a low pressure, and a steam turbine of a necessary scale can be provided in a place where there is a need, where installation and maintenance are easy and trouble-free. As a steam turbine that can be used for ships and pumps, and can also be used in industrial wastewater, hot springs, etc., it is a device that can be produced and processed jointly with boilers throughout Japan to meet demand.

Particularly suitable for biomass power generators and pumps, combined with boilers can be used in forests, bamboo forests, carpentry, sawmills, wooden industrial waste, agriculture, vegetable house factories, greenhouses, fish farms, etc. A steam turbine is an indispensable device for power generation and heating, and has a large industrial effect.

1. Case 2. Hanging bracket 3. Ventilation opening4. 4. Product name signature Controller, switch panel 6. 6. Fall prevention plate Pulley 8. 8. Steam inlet, connection flange Pillow 10. Shaft 11. Turbine blade 12. Rotating magnet 13. Magnetic sensor 14. Main nozzle lever 15. Main steam nozzle 16. Slide motor 17. Side lever 18. Auxiliary nozzle 19. Controller chip (or sequence)
20. Battery 21. Turbine case 22. Circular outer frame case 23. Arrow steam passage line 24. Condenser case 25. Condenser cooling water pipe 26. Turbine fixing part 27. Turbine blade tip 28. Slide jack

Claims (2)

It is related to the steam turbine. The blades of the turbine are of the steam impulse rotation type, and the configuration is between two thin heat-resistant stainless steel discs, with 14 or more blade plates according to the required size installed diagonally around 10 degrees. In addition, the vane plate is made smaller than 2 mm by the amount of steam emitted from the steam nozzle that radiates from the outer periphery of the stainless steel disk, making it easy for the steam to pass. The shaft passes through the fixed part and inside, and pillow bearings are placed on both outsides of the shaft to form a turbine rotating part. The outer part of the turbine rotating part is spaced outside by 2 mm or more to wrap the entire circle. A circular case is installed in a part, and a steam nozzle is attached to a part of the case, and a steam exhaust port is opened on the opposite side of this circular case at 300 degrees. Simple steam, characterized by rotating the rotating turbine in the center and discharging steam, with a condenser, making the whole process easy, using a small amount of steam energy, and driving the turbine Variable flow steam turbine engine. In order to stabilize the rotation speed of the steam turbine, a magnet is attached to a part of the central shaft of the rotation turbine, which is detected by a non-contact sensor, and the rotation speed is set in the sequence or controller memory chip in advance. When it exceeds, it automatically conducts to the slide motor, and the rotation of the slide motor opens the auxiliary side lever of the steam nozzle. At the same time, the steam is released, the pressure of the main steam nozzle is reduced, and the steam radiation speed to the steam turbine. Reduces the rotation speed of the steam turbine, maintains a constant rotation, and if the rotation stabilizes, the auxiliary side lever returns to its original state and the steam release from the auxiliary lever stops, requiring a complicated device The stable speed of the steam turbine can be obtained, and the optimum structure for the small steam turbine is provided. Simple steam flow variable steam turbine engine.