JP2017150464A - Steam turbine impeller for power generation in small-sized incinerator for industrial waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a steam turbine impeller that even when in a small-sized incinerator with no smoke, no odor and no dust, an incineration input amount of industrial waste is reduced and then a steam generation amount fluctuates, enables efficient power generation without extremely reducing rotational speed.SOLUTION: A steam turbine impeller for power generation in a small-sized incinerator for industrial waste is configured to screw a ribbon-like spoke 8 extending to an annular casing case 1 in an outer peripheral tangent direction on a rotational direction side from an outer peripheral equal interval position of a flange member F between the annular casing case 1 and a flange pipe 7, the annular casing case configured to fix blades 3 oppositely in a steam injection direction of a high-temperature high-pressure steam nozzle at an equal interval along a circumferential direction in a separation interval D where two annular ring plates 2 are separated and opposed to each other, the flange pipe mounted to one end side of a rotational shaft 5 of which the other end is connected to a dynamo 6.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention is a small incinerator used in supermarkets, hospitals, hotels, factories, industrial parks, and other small incinerators used in coastal areas and remote islands. Power generation of small industrial waste incinerators that efficiently generate power using the heat of the furnace body and / or exhaust gas when incinerating industrial waste such as combustible drifting materials launched on the coastline of remote islands The present invention relates to an industrial steam turbine rotor wheel.

  A steam turbine is a warp provided along the outer periphery of a rotating body (a combination of a rotating shaft or shaft and an impeller or a disk) that generates a high-speed steam flow by changing the direction of jetting expansion or jetting of high-temperature and high-pressure steam jetted from a nozzle. Rotating impeller motor that rotates at high speed with a powerful torque generated by the impact force when it is injected into the blade, that is, a large amount of steam generated by exhaust gas heat from a petrochemical plant or a facility with a large garbage incinerator It is used as a prime mover for large power generators because it is easy to make and can easily obtain a smooth and high-speed rotational force. In addition, because the impeller rotates at an extremely high speed and vibration and centrifugal force increase, the root shaft side of the impeller section is thickened and thinned toward the tip side, and two rows of blades in one stage of the nozzle. Development and practical use are being promoted in response to a wide variety of demands, such as impeller structures that can be rotated at high speed by making a set of two, and even now, not only in the steam turbine field but also in the hydro turbine field Development continues. In the steam turbine field, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-184401, “In a steam turbine having a disk-type turbine rotor, an R corner portion cut into a blade root of a rotor blade and a rotor blade groove of a turbine rotor disk is provided. By adopting an L-type external structure and an internal structure, the steam turbine that significantly reduces the centrifugal force acting on the R corner, reduces corrosion and creep damage, and extends the service life. In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-5001, a local small-sized facility can be obtained by making the rotating shaft of the rotary blade hollow so that air can flow therethrough, thereby eliminating the need for a bearing cooling device. Is a universally usable steam turbine, in which a rotating blade integrated with a rotating shaft in a casing has a feather shape based on a composite sine curve having a different amplitude and range Place the base cut points of multiple blades with effective width on the cutting line on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft with the required diameter at the base position, and surround and fix the end faces on both sides of the blades with disks. There are many patent publications such as “steam turbine apparatus comprising bucket-shaped rotating blades”. Furthermore, in the field of hydro turbines, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2015-516535 discloses “A high-efficiency hydro turbine having a plurality of blades, which is summarized and arranged at the center of at least two annular wheel disks”. And at least 28 blades annularly arranged on the annular wheel disk from the central axis, and a plurality of spokes arranged along the radial direction of the annular wheel disk from the central axis. Is introduced. Each of these turbines has a thick and durable rigid structure that can sufficiently withstand high-speed rotation and high centrifugal force at the base of the rotating shaft and blades. It also has a structure that reduces corrosion and creep damage. Many types of steam turbines with different structures and blade shapes, such as steam turbines that can also be used for the heat of waste incinerators, and hydro turbines that can generate power even at low tidal currents by limiting the number of blades installed and the angle of installation Most turbines have been developed for large plant equipment.

Recently, smokeless, odorless and dust-free small incinerators with a firebed area of less than about 1 m ² have been put into practical use, and have become widely used in small areas such as supermarkets and hotels and remote islands. Waste and combustible waste can be incinerated. In addition, technologies for producing hot water and hot water using heat discharged from small incinerators have already been developed and put into practical use in fields such as disinfection of medical equipment and patient bathing, as well as fish farming and drying of wood. It is being done. Further, the applicants of the present invention have miniaturized the steam turbine described in the above patent information by utilizing the heat of the furnace body and / or the exhaust gas when incinerating industrial waste in a small incinerator. I tried a rotary drive experiment of a rotary impeller structure, but in a social environment where it is said that there are enormous resources that can be converted to heat, in a small area such as a supermarket using a small incinerator or a site such as a hospital or a remote island The amount of waste discharged from the plant is extremely small, and because there is a lot of garbage in the waste, the fluctuation of heat generation is large, and high-temperature and high-pressure steam enough to operate the steam turbine cannot be obtained stably. Because of the problem that cannot be raised, it was urgent to develop a high-quality steam turbine at an early stage.

  JP-A-9-184401   JP 2001-5001 A   Special table 2005-516535 gazette

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have reduced the amount of industrial waste incinerated and the amount of generated steam for a smokeless, odorless, dust-free small incinerator having a firebed area of around 1 m ² or less. In order to provide a steam turbine rotor wheel capable of generating high-speed rotation and generating electricity effectively, various steam turbine rotor blades manufactured while considering simplification of the shape and weight reduction of the already developed steam turbine As a result of an experiment of measuring the rotational speed of a car, a radial direction is formed between the rotating shaft and a casing case in which a large number of blades are annularly arranged as shown in FIG. The rotating shaft is rotated through the casing case by the impact force of jetting high-temperature and high-pressure steam from the nozzle onto the blade by connecting with ribbon-like spokes extending in the direction of the ribbon, but the belt-like (ribbon-shaped) spokes are further rotated. By connecting the casing case in the outer circumferential tangential direction opposite to the rotational direction from the outer peripheral position of the shaft, the subsequent blade is connected via the spoke 8 while the impact force of the high-temperature high-pressure steam injected to the preceding blade is not weakened. It was found that the rotational speed of the rotating shaft, that is, the impeller, was increased by overtaking the strong impact force received.

  The present invention is configured based on the above knowledge, and the gist of the present invention is that it is opposed to the steam injection direction of the high-temperature high-pressure steam nozzle along the circumferential direction between the two annular ring plates facing each other. Between the annular casing case with the blades fixed at equal intervals and the flanged pipe fitted on the other side of the casing case rotating shaft connected to the generator on one side from the outer circumferentially equidistant position of the flange part It is a steam turbine rotary impeller for power generation of a small industrial waste incinerator constructed by connecting ribbon-like spokes extending to the annular casing case in a direction opposite to the outer peripheral tangent.

  The steam turbine rotor wheel for power generation of the industrial waste small incinerator of the present invention configured as described above has a power generation effect that can be put to practical use because it rotates at a high speed. Table 1 shows a power generation test apparatus having a power generation function power of 200 W. The spoke-type rotary impeller of the present invention (weight: 3.4 kg, outer diameter from the central axis of the casing case: 217 mm and inner diameter: 204 mm, thickness: 6 mm, blade Number: 60 at regular intervals, the number of spokes; 8 at regular intervals) and a conventional disk-type rotary impeller (weight: 3.6 kg, the disk plate has an outer diameter from the center of the casing case; 237 mm, The experimental results of investigating the power generation amount with an inner diameter of 204 mm and a disk thickness of 8 mm are shown.

  As is apparent from Table 1 above, both the spoke-type rotary impeller of the present invention and the conventional disk-type rotary impeller have a field potential, that is, the amount of power generation exceeding the load applied to the turbine through the generator. The improvement rate of the spoke type rotary impeller of the present invention is 14% higher on average than the conventional disk type rotary impeller. This figure is the experimental result of a power generation capacity test apparatus with a power generation capacity of 200 W, and when a 10 kW electric power is generated by a normal commercial generator, the spoke-type rotary impeller is improved by 14.2 kW, which is about 2 times that of a general household. Equivalent to households. Further, when this numerical value is converted into the turbine rotational speed, the disk type rotary impeller is improved to 3600 rpm with respect to 3088 rpm.

  An example is shown in the side view of the present invention.   XX sectional drawing of [FIG. 1] is shown.   An example is shown in the cross-sectional view of the rotating shaft.

Hereinafter, the structure of the highly efficient steam turbine rotor wheel for small power generation according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 1, 1 is an annular casing case. As will be apparent from [FIG. 2] described later, the annular casing case 1 is provided with the furnace body heat or exhaust gas heat of the small incinerator in the space (D) where the two annular ring plates 2 are separated and face each other. The blades 3 (or moving blades) that oppose the steam injection direction of a nozzle (not shown) that injects the high-temperature and high-pressure steam that has risen by using the retained heat of both are fixed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. It is configured. The blade 3 is a wing (blade) having warpage fixed by screw joints, fitting, welding, or the like at equal intervals along the circumferential direction at a distance (D) of the annular casing case 1 and is injected at high temperature and high pressure. It has the effect of rotating the annular casing case 1 with the reaction force when the steam collides. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line XX of FIG. 1, and shows an embodiment in which the blade 3 is fixed to the space (D) between the annular casing case 1 with a screw joint 4. In the present invention, the shape and the number of fixed blades 3 are determined according to the size of the annular casing case 1 and the required number of rotations, and are not particularly limited. Furthermore, the reason why the flade 3 is fixed between the two annular ring plates 2 in the circumferential direction and opposite to the steam injection direction is that the amount and strength of the steam injected from the high-temperature high-pressure steam nozzle are This is because each blade is uniformly projected to prevent rotation of the annular casing case 1 and prevent it from rotating smoothly. Reference numeral 5 denotes a rotating shaft (shaft) of the annular casing case 1. As shown in FIG. 3, the rotary shaft 5 has a generator 6 connected to one side and a pipe 7 with a single or double protruding flange (also called F, boss) fitted on the other side. It is configured.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, between the annular casing case 1 and the pipe 7 with the flange (F), the rotation direction (arrow direction) of the annular casing case 1 is opposite from the circumferentially equidistant position of the flange member F. A ribbon-like (wide) spoke 8 extending to the annular casing case 1 in the direction of the outer peripheral tangent is connected to the side and integrally formed. The spoke 8 connects the annular casing case 1 and the rotary shaft 5 at the center thereof. In the present invention, the spoke 8 is used in severe use conditions such as high-speed rotational stress and rotational vibration. Spoke 8 is used. That is, when high-temperature and high-pressure steam is injected from the nozzle onto the blade 3, an impact force is applied to the blade 3, and this impact force becomes a rotational torque to rotate the annular casing case 1 and at the same time, the high temperature injected to the preceding blade. While the impact force of the high-pressure steam is not weakened, an effect of increasing the rotational speed of the rotary shaft, that is, the rotary impeller by exerting a follow-up with a strong impact force received by the subsequent blade through the spoke 8 is achieved. Further, by providing the spokes 8 in the outer peripheral tangential direction, it is possible to reduce the weight of the turbine body in which the connection structure with the rotating shaft 5 is simplified, and to increase the rotational direction component vector and increase the rotational speed of the casing case 1. . Such an effect has the effect of increasing the rotation speed of the impeller and reducing the vibration, amplitude and noise of the impeller. Further, if the material used in the present invention is stainless steel, heat-resistant steel, or titanium-containing alloy steel in addition to tough steel, it can be used as a rotary impeller having a long service life.

    The steam turbine rotary impeller for power generation of the industrial waste small incinerator of the present invention configured as described above is an incidental necessary for operating the rotary impeller such as a high-temperature high-pressure steam injection nozzle and a steam coagulated water discharge induction port. It is stored and used in a rotary vane cover box that packs the rotary vane together with the tool. The steam turbine rotor blade for power generation of the present invention is handled by the same operation method as the steam turbine described in the above-mentioned patent document.

  The steam turbine rotor wheel for power generation according to the present invention is provided in a structure that rotates at a high speed using the heat of the furnace body of the small incinerator and / or the heat of the exhaust gas. While the use of small incinerators is increasing year by year, it is likely that they will be increasingly put into practical use as power generation auxiliary equipment for small incinerators as the demand for private power generation increases.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Annular casing case 2 Annular ring plate 3 Blade 4 Screw joint 5 Rotating shaft 6 Generator 7 Pipe with flange 8 Spoke D Spacing F Flange member

Claims (1)

  An annular casing case in which the blades facing the steam injection direction of the high-temperature and high-pressure steam nozzle are fixed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction between the two annular ring plates facing each other apart, and a generator on one side Between the connected casing case rotating shaft and the flanged pipe, a ribbon-like shape extending from the outer circumferentially equidistant position of the flange portion to the annular casing case in the outer circumferential tangential direction on the opposite side of the rotational direction. A steam turbine rotor blade for power generation in a small incinerator for industrial waste, characterized by connecting spokes.

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