JP2015041558A - Cooling and heating structure of battery pack - Google Patents
Cooling and heating structure of battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015041558A JP2015041558A JP2013172888A JP2013172888A JP2015041558A JP 2015041558 A JP2015041558 A JP 2015041558A JP 2013172888 A JP2013172888 A JP 2013172888A JP 2013172888 A JP2013172888 A JP 2013172888A JP 2015041558 A JP2015041558 A JP 2015041558A
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000191 radiation effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
Description
この発明は組電池の冷却兼加熱構造に関する。 The present invention relates to a cooling and heating structure for an assembled battery.
この明細書および特許請求の範囲において、図１および図２の上下を上下というものとする。 In this specification and the claims, the top and bottom of FIGS. 1 and 2 are the top and bottom.
近年、環境問題などから、ハイブリッド自動車、電気自動車等が注目されており、そのために各種の二次電池が開発されている。各種の二次電池の中でもリチウムイオン二次電池は、エネルギー密度が高く、密閉性に優れ、かつメンテナンスフリーであるため、ハイブリッド自動車や電気自動車用のバッテリとして優れているが、大型のものは実用化されていない。そこで、複数個の小型の単電池を直列または並列に接続して組電池の形態とすることにより、所望の電圧や容量を確保している。 In recent years, hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, and the like have attracted attention due to environmental problems, and various secondary batteries have been developed for this purpose. Among various types of secondary batteries, lithium ion secondary batteries have high energy density, excellent sealing properties, and are maintenance-free, so they are excellent as batteries for hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles. It has not been converted. Therefore, a desired voltage and capacity are secured by connecting a plurality of small cells in series or in parallel to form a battery pack.
リチウムイオン二次電池は、使用温度によって性能や寿命が変化するので、長時間にわたって効率良く使用するためには適正な温度で使用する必要があるが、上述したような組電池の形態で用いた場合、各単電池自体から発せられる熱を放熱することが困難であり、各単電池の温度が上昇して寿命が短くなるという問題がある。 Lithium ion secondary batteries vary in performance and life depending on the operating temperature, so it is necessary to use them at an appropriate temperature in order to use them efficiently over a long period of time. In this case, it is difficult to dissipate heat generated from each unit cell itself, and there is a problem that the temperature of each unit cell rises and the life is shortened.
そこで、上述したような組電池における単電池の温度上昇を抑制することを目的として、複数の扁平状の単電池と、複数の平板状ヒートパイプとが、両者が水平となるように交互に積層状に配置されており、平板状ヒートパイプの周縁部の少なくとも一部に、単電池よりも外方に突出しかつ放熱用ヒートシンクに接触させられる放熱部が設けられている冷却構造が提案されている（特許文献１参照）。 Therefore, for the purpose of suppressing the temperature rise of the unit cell in the assembled battery as described above, a plurality of flat unit cells and a plurality of flat plate heat pipes are alternately stacked so that both are horizontal. A cooling structure is proposed in which a heat dissipating part is provided on at least a part of the peripheral part of the flat plate heat pipe that protrudes outward from the unit cell and is brought into contact with a heat dissipating heat sink. (See Patent Document 1).
ところで、寒冷地においては、使用開始前には使用環境温度の影響により単電池の温度が適正温度よりも低くなり、単電池の温度が適正温度に上昇するまでは効率良く使用することができないという問題がある。 By the way, in cold regions, the temperature of the unit cell becomes lower than the appropriate temperature due to the influence of the use environment temperature before the start of use, and it cannot be used efficiently until the temperature of the unit cell rises to the appropriate temperature. There's a problem.
この発明の目的は、上記問題を解決し、組電池を構成する単電池を効率良く冷却することができるとともに、寒冷地においても使用開始前に短時間で単電池を適正温度域に加熱しうる組電池の冷却兼加熱構造を提供することにある。 The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to efficiently cool the cells constituting the assembled battery and to heat the cells to an appropriate temperature range in a short time before the start of use even in a cold region. An object is to provide a cooling and heating structure for an assembled battery.
本発明は、上記目的を達成するために以下の態様からなる。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises the following aspects.
1)鉛直状に配置される複数の扁平状単電池と、ヒートパイプ部が設けられた基板を有する複数の平板状ヒートパイプとを備えており、平板状ヒートパイプの基板が、単電池の少なくとも片面に熱的に接触させられた状態で単電池とともに積層状に配置される鉛直状受熱部と、受熱部に連なって単電池よりも側方に突出するように設けられた放熱部と、放熱部の下方において受熱部に連なって単電池よりも側方に突出するように設けられ、かつ加熱源に熱的に接触させられる加熱部とを有し、ヒートパイプ部が、中空状作動液封入部内に作動液が封入されることによって、基板の受熱部、放熱部および加熱部にかけて設けられている組電池の冷却兼加熱構造。 1) A plurality of flat unit cells arranged vertically and a plurality of flat plate heat pipes having a substrate provided with a heat pipe portion, wherein the substrate of the flat plate heat pipe is at least a unit cell. A vertical heat receiving portion disposed in a stacked manner together with the single cells in thermal contact with one surface, a heat radiating portion provided so as to project to the side of the single cells continuously to the heat receiving portion, and heat dissipation A heating part that is provided so as to project to the side of the unit cell continuously with the heat receiving part below the unit, and that is in thermal contact with a heating source, and the heat pipe part is enclosed with a hollow working fluid A cooling and heating structure for a battery pack provided over the heat receiving part, the heat radiating part and the heating part of the substrate by sealing the working fluid in the part.
2)平板状ヒートパイプの基板の加熱部が、放熱部との間に隙間が形成されるように放熱部の下方に間隔をおいて設けられており、放熱部の作動液封入部と加熱部の作動液封入部とが、前記隙間の部分において上下に途切れている上記1)記載の組電池の冷却兼加熱構造。 2) The heating part of the substrate of the flat plate heat pipe is provided below the heat radiating part so as to form a gap between the heat radiating part, the hydraulic fluid enclosing part and the heating part of the heat radiating part The battery assembly cooling and heating structure according to 1), wherein the hydraulic fluid sealing portion is vertically interrupted at the gap portion.
3)平板状ヒートパイプの基板における放熱部と加熱部との間に形成される隙間が、放熱部および加熱部の突出端から単電池まで延びている上記2)記載の組電池の冷却兼加熱構造。 3) Cooling and heating of the assembled battery according to 2) above, wherein a gap formed between the heat radiating portion and the heating portion in the substrate of the flat plate heat pipe extends from the projecting end of the heat radiating portion and the heating portion to the single cell. Construction.
4)基板の放熱部が、平面から見て波形となっている上記2)または3)記載の組電池の冷却兼加熱構造。 4) The cooling and heating structure for an assembled battery according to 2) or 3) above, wherein the heat dissipation part of the substrate has a waveform when viewed from above.
5)基板の放熱部の突出端部が、加熱部の突出端部よりも単電池に対して外側方に位置している上記1)〜4)のうちのいずれかに記載の組電池の冷却兼加熱構造。 5) Cooling of the assembled battery according to any one of the above 1) to 4), wherein the protruding end portion of the heat radiating portion of the substrate is located on the outer side with respect to the unit cell than the protruding end portion of the heating portion. Cum heating structure.
6)基板の放熱部に放熱部材が設けられている上記1)〜5)のうちのいずれかに記載の組電池の冷却兼加熱構造。 6) The assembled and cooling structure for a battery pack according to any one of 1) to 5) above, wherein a heat radiating member is provided in a heat radiating portion of the substrate.
7)両面に平板状ヒートパイプの基板の受熱部が熱的に接触させられた単電池と、同じく片面のみに受熱部が熱的に接触させられた単電池とが混在している上記1)〜6)のうちのいずれかに記載の組電池の冷却兼加熱構造。 7) The above-mentioned 1), in which a single cell in which the heat receiving part of the flat heat pipe substrate is in thermal contact with both sides and a single cell in which the heat receiving part is in thermal contact only on one side are mixed The cooling and heating structure for an assembled battery according to any one of -6).
上記1)〜7)の冷却兼加熱構造によれば、鉛直状に配置される複数の扁平状単電池と、ヒートパイプ部が設けられた基板を有する複数の平板状ヒートパイプとを備えており、平板状ヒートパイプの基板が、単電池の少なくとも片面に熱的に接触させられた状態で単電池とともに積層状に配置される鉛直状受熱部と、受熱部に連なって単電池よりも側方に突出するように設けられた放熱部と、放熱部の下方において受熱部に連なって単電池よりも側方に突出するように設けられ、かつ加熱源に熱的に接触させられる加熱部とを有し、ヒートパイプ部が、中空状作動液封入部内に作動液が封入されることによって、基板の受熱部、放熱部および加熱部にかけて設けられているので、以下に述べるように単電池を効率良く冷却しうるとともに、寒冷地においては使用開始前に単電池を短時間で適正温度に加熱することが可能になる。 According to the cooling and heating structure of 1) to 7) above, it includes a plurality of flat cells arranged vertically and a plurality of flat plate heat pipes having a substrate provided with a heat pipe portion. A vertical heat receiving portion that is arranged in a stack with the single cell in a state where the substrate of the flat plate heat pipe is in thermal contact with at least one surface of the single cell, and is connected to the heat receiving portion and lateral to the single cell. A heat dissipating part provided so as to protrude from the battery, and a heating part provided below the heat dissipating part and connected to the heat receiving part so as to protrude laterally from the unit cell and to be in thermal contact with the heating source. Since the heat pipe part is provided over the heat receiving part, the heat radiating part and the heating part of the substrate by sealing the hydraulic fluid in the hollow hydraulic fluid sealing part, the single cell is made efficient as described below. It can cool well and in cold regions In this case, the cell can be heated to an appropriate temperature in a short time before the start of use.
すなわち、単電池を冷却する際には、単電池から発せられる熱によって、平板状ヒートパイプの基板における単電池に熱的に接触している受熱部が加熱され、この熱がヒートパイプ部の受熱部の作動液封入部内の作動液に伝わって作動液が蒸発する。一方、平板状ヒートパイプの基板の放熱部においては、熱が放熱されて作動液封入部内の気相の作動液が凝縮し、作動液封入部内の圧力が低下する。そして、受熱部の作動液封入部で発生した気相作動液が、圧力が低下した放熱部の作動液封入部に流れるとともに、再凝縮した液相作動液が受熱部の作動液封入部に流れるので、ヒートパイプ部において、気相作動液の流れと液相作動液の流れとが発生し、作動液の循環が起きる。放熱部の作動液封入部で再凝縮した液相作動液は、受熱部の作動液封入部に流れるまでの間においても、単電池から熱を奪って蒸発する。したがって、単電池における平板状ヒートパイプの基板の受熱部に熱的に接触している部分の全体が均等に冷却される。 That is, when cooling the unit cell, the heat receiving part that is in thermal contact with the unit cell on the substrate of the flat plate heat pipe is heated by the heat generated from the unit cell, and this heat is received by the heat pipe unit. The hydraulic fluid is evaporated by being transmitted to the hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic fluid enclosure of the unit. On the other hand, in the heat dissipating part of the substrate of the flat plate heat pipe, heat is dissipated and the gas phase working liquid in the working liquid enclosing part is condensed, and the pressure in the working liquid enclosing part is lowered. The gas phase hydraulic fluid generated in the hydraulic fluid enclosure of the heat receiving portion flows into the hydraulic fluid enclosure of the heat radiating portion where the pressure has decreased, and the recondensed liquid phase hydraulic fluid flows into the hydraulic fluid enclosure of the heat receiving portion. Therefore, in the heat pipe portion, the flow of the gas phase hydraulic fluid and the flow of the liquid phase hydraulic fluid are generated, and the hydraulic fluid is circulated. The liquid-phase hydraulic fluid recondensed in the hydraulic fluid enclosure of the heat radiating section takes the heat from the single cell and evaporates even before it flows into the hydraulic fluid enclosure of the heat receiving section. Accordingly, the entire portion of the flat heat pipe in the unit cell that is in thermal contact with the heat receiving portion of the substrate is uniformly cooled.
寒冷地において、使用開始前に単電池を加熱する際には、加熱源から平板状ヒートパイプの基板の加熱部に熱を供給する。供給された熱は平板状ヒートパイプの基板の加熱部に伝わるとともに、加熱部の作動液封入部内の作動液に伝わって作動液が蒸発する。一方、単電池に熱的に接触している平板状ヒートパイプの基板の受熱部においては、単電池によって基板から熱が奪われて作動液封入部内の気相の作動液が凝縮し、作動液封入部内の圧力が低下する。これと同時に、基板から奪われた熱により単電池が加熱される。そして、加熱部の作動液封入部内で発生した気相作動液が、圧力が低下した受熱部の作動液封入部に流れるとともに、再凝縮した液相作動液が加熱部の作動液封入部に流れるので、ヒートパイプ部において、気相作動液の流れと液相作動液の流れとが発生し、作動液の循環が起きる。したがって、単電池における平板状ヒートパイプの基板の受熱部に熱的に接触している部分の全体が均等に加熱され、単電池の全体が短時間で適正温度に加熱される。 In a cold region, when heating the unit cell before the start of use, heat is supplied from the heating source to the heating part of the substrate of the flat plate heat pipe. The supplied heat is transmitted to the heating part of the substrate of the flat plate heat pipe, and is also transferred to the working liquid in the working liquid sealing part of the heating part to evaporate the working liquid. On the other hand, in the heat receiving portion of the flat plate heat pipe substrate that is in thermal contact with the unit cell, the unit cell removes heat from the substrate, and the working fluid in the working fluid enclosure condenses the working fluid. The pressure in the enclosure is reduced. At the same time, the unit cell is heated by the heat taken from the substrate. The gas phase hydraulic fluid generated in the hydraulic fluid enclosure of the heating section flows into the hydraulic fluid enclosure of the heat receiving section where the pressure has decreased, and the recondensed liquid phase hydraulic fluid flows into the hydraulic fluid enclosure of the heating section. Therefore, in the heat pipe portion, the flow of the gas phase hydraulic fluid and the flow of the liquid phase hydraulic fluid are generated, and the hydraulic fluid is circulated. Therefore, the entire portion of the unit cell that is in thermal contact with the heat receiving portion of the flat plate heat pipe is heated uniformly, and the entire unit cell is heated to an appropriate temperature in a short time.
上記2)および3)の冷却兼加熱構造によれば、平板状ヒートパイプの基板の放熱部および加熱部が、それぞれ他方からの熱影響を受けにくくなる。 According to the cooling and heating structure of 2) and 3) above, the heat radiating portion and the heating portion of the substrate of the flat plate heat pipe are less susceptible to the thermal influence from the other.
上記4)〜6)の冷却兼加熱構造によれば、平板状ヒートパイプの基板の放熱部からの放熱効果が一層優れたものになる。 According to the cooling and heating structures 4) to 6), the heat radiation effect from the heat radiation portion of the substrate of the flat plate heat pipe is further improved.
以下、この発明の実施形態を、図面を参照して説明する。なお、以下の説明において、図１の左側を前、これと反対側を後といい、図２の左右、すなわち前方から後方を見た際の左右というものとする。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the left side in FIG. 1 is referred to as the front, and the opposite side is referred to as the rear, and the left and right in FIG. 2, that is, the left and right when viewed from the front to the rear.
また、以下の説明において、「アルミニウム」という用語には、純アルミニウムの他にアルミニウム合金を含むものとする。 In the following description, the term “aluminum” includes aluminum alloys in addition to pure aluminum.
さらに、全図面を通じて同一物および同一部分には同一符号を付して重複する説明を省略する。 Further, the same components and the same parts are denoted by the same reference symbols throughout the drawings, and redundant description is omitted.
図１および図２はこの発明による組電池の冷却兼加熱構造の全体構成を示し、図３はその一部分の構成を示す。 1 and 2 show the overall structure of a cooling and heating structure for an assembled battery according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 shows a part of the structure.
図１および図２において、組電池の冷却兼加熱構造は、リチウムイオン二次電池からなり、かつ鉛直状に配置された複数の単電池(1)と、ヒートパイプ部(12)が設けられた基板(3)を有する複数の平板状ヒートパイプ(2)とを備えている。 In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the cooling and heating structure of the assembled battery is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery, and is provided with a plurality of single cells (1) arranged vertically and a heat pipe portion (12). And a plurality of flat plate heat pipes (2) having a substrate (3).
単電池(1)は扁平直方体状であり、左右方向に積層状に並ぶように配置されている。単電池(1)の上端に１対の端子(4)が上方突出状に設けられており、端子(4)を利用して全ての単電池(1)が直列状または並列状に接続されることにより組電池(5)が構成されている。 The unit cells (1) have a flat rectangular parallelepiped shape, and are arranged so as to be stacked in the left-right direction. A pair of terminals (4) are provided on the upper end of the unit cell (1) so as to protrude upward, and all the unit cells (1) are connected in series or in parallel using the terminal (4). Thus, the assembled battery (5) is configured.
なお、この明細書において、「直方体」という用語には、数学的に定義される厳密な直方体だけではなく、直方体に近似した形状も含むものとする。また、単電池(1)は扁平直方体状に限らず、扁平状であればよい。 In this specification, the term “cuboid” includes not only a strict cuboid defined mathematically but also a shape approximated to a cuboid. Further, the unit cell (1) is not limited to a flat rectangular parallelepiped shape, and may be a flat shape.
図１〜図３に示すように、平板状ヒートパイプ(2)の基板(3)は互いに接合された２枚のアルミニウム板からなり、隣り合う単電池(1)間およびいずれか一端、ここでは左端の単電池(1)の左側に配置されて単電池(1)に熱的に接触している鉛直状受熱部(6)と、受熱部(6)の前側縁部の上部に、単電池(1)よりも前方に突出するように一体に設けられた鉛直状放熱部(7)と、受熱部(6)の前側縁部の下部に、単電池(1)よりも前方に突出するように一体に設けられた鉛直状加熱部(8)とを備えている。放熱部(7)と加熱部(8)とは一体に連なっている。平板状ヒートパイプ(2)の基板(3)の放熱部(7)の片面、ここでは右側面に放熱部材(9)が設けられ、同じく加熱部(8)の片面、ここでは右側面に加熱源(11)が熱的に接触させられている。 As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the substrate (3) of the flat plate heat pipe (2) is composed of two aluminum plates joined together, and between adjacent cells (1) and at one end, here A vertical heat receiving part (6) that is arranged on the left side of the leftmost unit cell (1) and is in thermal contact with the unit cell (1), and an upper part of the front edge of the heat receiving part (6) Projected forward from the unit cell (1) at the lower part of the front side edge of the heat sink (6) and the vertical heat radiating part (7) provided integrally so as to project forward from (1) And a vertical heating section (8) provided integrally therewith. The heat dissipating part (7) and the heating part (8) are integrally connected. A heat radiating member (9) is provided on one side of the heat radiating part (7) of the substrate (3) of the flat plate heat pipe (2), here on the right side, and also on one side of the heating part (8), here on the right side. The source (11) is in thermal contact.
図示は省略したが、単電池(1)と平板状ヒートパイプ(2)の受熱部(6)との間には電気絶縁フィルムが介在させられるか、あるいは平板状ヒートパイプ(2)の受熱部(6)の左右両面に電気絶縁コーティングが施されることによって、単電池(1)と平板状ヒートパイプ(2)の受熱部(6)との間が電気絶縁状態となっていることが好ましい。 Although not shown, an electrical insulating film is interposed between the single cell (1) and the heat receiving portion (6) of the flat plate heat pipe (2), or the heat receiving portion of the flat plate heat pipe (2). It is preferable that an electrical insulation coating is applied to both the left and right sides of (6) so that the cell (1) and the heat receiving portion (6) of the flat plate heat pipe (2) are in an electrically insulated state. .
平板状ヒートパイプ(2)の基板(3)には、１つの中空無端状作動液封入部(13)内に作動液が封入されることにより形成されたヒートパイプ部(12)が、基板(3)の受熱部(6)、放熱部(7)および加熱部(8)にかけて設けられている。ヒートパイプ部(12)および作動液封入部(13)は、放熱部(7)および加熱部(8)において、上下に直接連なるように設けられている。作動液封入部(13)は、基板(3)のいずれか一方のアルミニウム板、ここでは右側のアルミニウム板のみを外側に膨出させることにより形成されており、基板(3)の受熱部(6)、放熱部(7)および加熱部(8)の左側面は平坦面となっている。 The substrate (3) of the flat plate-like heat pipe (2) has a heat pipe portion (12) formed by sealing the working fluid in one hollow endless working fluid sealing portion (13). It is provided over the heat receiving part (6), the heat radiating part (7) and the heating part (8) of 3). The heat pipe part (12) and the hydraulic fluid enclosing part (13) are provided so as to be directly connected to each other in the heat radiating part (7) and the heating part (8). The hydraulic fluid enclosing part (13) is formed by bulging only one of the aluminum plates of the substrate (3), here the right aluminum plate, and the heat receiving part (6 of the substrate (3)). ), The left side surface of the heat dissipating part (7) and the heating part (8) is a flat surface.
平板状ヒートパイプ(2)の基板(3)は、たとえば２枚のアルミニウム板の合わせ面のうちの少なくともいずれか一方の面に圧着防止剤を所要パターンに印刷し、この状態で２枚のアルミニウム板を圧着して合わせ板をつくり、合わせ板の非圧着部に流体圧を導入することによって作動液封入部(13)を一挙に形成する、所謂ロールボンド法によって製造される。合せ板の非圧着部は、作動液封入部(13)に対応する形状の作動液封入部用非圧着部と、作動液封入部用非圧着部から合せ板の周縁に至る流体圧導入用非圧着部とからなる。流体圧導入用非圧着部から流体圧を導入して作動液封入部(13)を形成すると、流体圧導入用非圧着部は、一端が作動液封入部(13)に連なるとともに他端が合せ板の周縁に開口した作動液注入部となる。作動液注入部は作動液の注入後封止される。 For the substrate (3) of the flat plate heat pipe (2), for example, at least one of the mating surfaces of two aluminum plates is printed with an anti-bonding agent in a required pattern, and in this state, two aluminum plates The laminate is manufactured by a so-called roll bonding method in which a laminated plate is formed by crimping a plate, and fluid pressure is introduced into the non-crimped portion of the laminated plate to form the hydraulic fluid enclosing portion (13) all at once. The non-crimping part of the laminating plate is composed of a non-crimping part for the hydraulic fluid enclosing part having a shape corresponding to the hydraulic fluid enclosing part (13) and a non-crimping part for introducing fluid pressure from the non-crimping part for the hydraulic fluid enclosing part to the periphery of the laminating plate. It consists of a crimping part. When fluid pressure is introduced from the non-crimping part for introducing fluid pressure to form the hydraulic fluid enclosing part (13), one end of the non-crimping part for introducing fluid pressure is connected to the hydraulic fluid enclosing part (13) and the other end is aligned. It becomes the hydraulic fluid injection | pouring part opened to the peripheral edge of the board. The hydraulic fluid injection part is sealed after the hydraulic fluid is injected.
なお、基板(3)は、少なくとも１枚のアルミニウム板が作動液封入部(13)を形成するための外方膨出部を有する２枚のアルミニウム板を、たとえばろう付することにより形成してもよい。 The substrate (3) is formed by brazing, for example, two aluminum plates having at least one aluminum plate having an outward bulging portion for forming the hydraulic fluid enclosing portion (13). Also good.
放熱部材(9)はアルミニウム押出形材製であって、上下方向に長い方形状放熱基板(14)の片面に上下方向にのびる複数の放熱フィン(15)が一体に設けられたものであり、放熱基板(14)の放熱フィン(15)が形成されていない他面が、放熱部(7)の作動液封入部(13)における平坦な膨出面に熱的に接触するようにして、適当な方法で放熱部(7)に取り付けられている。加熱源(11)としては、内部に高温流体が流される流体加熱式ヒータや、電気ヒータなどが用いられる。 The heat dissipating member (9) is made of an aluminum extruded profile, and a plurality of heat dissipating fins (15) extending in the vertical direction are integrally provided on one surface of a rectangular heat dissipating substrate (14) that is long in the vertical direction. Make sure that the other surface of the heat dissipation board (14) where the heat dissipating fins (15) are not formed is in thermal contact with the flat bulging surface of the hydraulic fluid sealing part (13) of the heat dissipating part (7). It is attached to the heat dissipation part (7) by the method. As the heating source (11), a fluid heating heater in which a high-temperature fluid flows inside, an electric heater, or the like is used.
上述した冷却兼加熱構造において、単電池(1)を冷却する際には、単電池(1)から発せられる熱によって、平板状ヒートパイプ(2)の基板(3)における単電池(1)に熱的に接触している受熱部(6)が加熱され、この熱が受熱部(6)の作動液封入部(13)内の作動液に伝わって作動液が蒸発する。一方、平板状ヒートパイプ(2)の基板(3)における放熱部材(9)の放熱基板(14)に熱的に接触している放熱部(7)から熱が奪われ、放熱部(7)において作動液封入部(13)内の気相の作動液が凝縮し、作動液封入部(13)内の圧力が低下する。そして、受熱部(6)の作動液封入部(13)で発生した気相作動液が、圧力が低下した放熱部(7)の作動液封入部(13)に流れるとともに、再凝縮した液相作動液が受熱部(6)の作動液封入部(13)に流れるので、ヒートパイプ部(12)において、気相作動液の流れと液相作動液の流れが発生し、作動液の循環がおきる。ヒートパイプ部(12)の放熱部(7)の作動液封入部(13)で再凝縮した液相作動液は、受熱部(6)の作動液封入部(13)に流れるまでの間においても、単電池(1)から熱を奪って蒸発する。したがって、単電池(1)における平板状ヒートパイプ(2)の受熱部(6)に熱的に接触している部分の全体が均等に冷却される。 In the cooling and heating structure described above, when the unit cell (1) is cooled, the unit cell (1) in the substrate (3) of the flat plate heat pipe (2) is heated by the heat generated from the unit cell (1). The heat receiving portion (6) that is in thermal contact is heated, and this heat is transmitted to the working fluid in the working fluid sealing portion (13) of the heat receiving portion (6) to evaporate the working fluid. On the other hand, heat is taken away from the heat dissipating part (7) in thermal contact with the heat dissipating board (14) of the heat dissipating member (9) in the substrate (3) of the flat plate heat pipe (2), and the heat dissipating part (7) , The gas-phase hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic fluid enclosure (13) condenses, and the pressure in the hydraulic fluid enclosure (13) decreases. Then, the gas phase hydraulic fluid generated in the hydraulic fluid enclosing portion (13) of the heat receiving portion (6) flows into the hydraulic fluid enclosing portion (13) of the heat radiating portion (7) whose pressure has decreased, and the recondensed liquid phase Since the hydraulic fluid flows into the hydraulic fluid enclosing portion (13) of the heat receiving portion (6), a flow of the vapor phase hydraulic fluid and a liquid phase hydraulic fluid are generated in the heat pipe portion (12), and the circulation of the hydraulic fluid is performed. It happens. The liquid phase hydraulic fluid recondensed in the hydraulic fluid enclosure (13) of the heat radiating section (7) of the heat pipe section (12) also flows until it flows into the hydraulic fluid enclosure (13) of the heat receiving section (6). , It takes heat from the cell (1) and evaporates. Therefore, the entire portion of the unit cell (1) in thermal contact with the heat receiving portion (6) of the flat plate heat pipe (2) is cooled uniformly.
寒冷地において、使用開始前に単電池(1)を加熱する際には、加熱源(11)から平板状ヒートパイプ(2)の基板(3)の加熱部(8)に熱を供給する。供給された熱は平板状ヒートパイプ(2)の基板(3)の加熱部(8)に伝わるとともに、加熱部(8)の作動液封入部(13)内の作動液に伝わって作動液が蒸発する。一方、単電池(1)に熱的に接触している平板状ヒートパイプ(2)の基板(3)の受熱部(6)においては、単電池(1)によって熱が奪われて作動液封入部(13)内の気相の作動液が凝縮し、作動液封入部(13)内の圧力が低下する。これと同時に、基板(3)から奪われた熱により単電池(1)が加熱される。そして、加熱部(8)の作動液封入部(13)内で発生した気相作動液が、圧力が低下した受熱部(6)の作動液封入部(13)に流れるとともに、再凝縮した液相作動液が加熱部(8)の作動液封入部(13)に流れるので、ヒートパイプ部(12)において、気相作動液の流れと液相作動液の流れとが発生し、作動液の循環が起きる。したがって、単電池(1)における平板状ヒートパイプ(2)の基板(3)の受熱部(6)に熱的に接触している部分の全体が均等に加熱され、単電池(1)の全体が短時間で適正温度に加熱される。 When the unit cell (1) is heated before use in a cold region, heat is supplied from the heating source (11) to the heating unit (8) of the substrate (3) of the flat plate heat pipe (2). The supplied heat is transmitted to the heating section (8) of the substrate (3) of the flat plate heat pipe (2), and is also transmitted to the hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic fluid sealing section (13) of the heating section (8). Evaporate. On the other hand, in the heat receiving part (6) of the substrate (3) of the flat plate heat pipe (2) that is in thermal contact with the unit cell (1), heat is taken away by the unit cell (1) and the working fluid is enclosed. The gas-phase hydraulic fluid in the section (13) condenses, and the pressure in the hydraulic fluid enclosure (13) decreases. At the same time, the unit cell (1) is heated by the heat taken from the substrate (3). Then, the gas phase hydraulic fluid generated in the hydraulic fluid enclosing portion (13) of the heating portion (8) flows into the hydraulic fluid enclosing portion (13) of the heat receiving portion (6) whose pressure has decreased, and is recondensed. Since the phase hydraulic fluid flows to the hydraulic fluid enclosing portion (13) of the heating unit (8), a gas phase hydraulic fluid flow and a liquid phase hydraulic fluid flow are generated in the heat pipe portion (12). Circulation occurs. Therefore, the entire portion of the flat battery heat pipe (2) in the unit cell (1) that is in thermal contact with the heat receiving part (6) of the substrate (3) is evenly heated, and the entire unit cell (1) Is heated to an appropriate temperature in a short time.
図４〜図６は、上述した冷却兼加熱構造に用いられる平板状ヒートパイプの変形例を示す。 FIGS. 4-6 shows the modification of the flat plate heat pipe used for the cooling and heating structure mentioned above.
図４に示す平板状ヒートパイプ(20)の場合、基板(3)の加熱部(8)は、放熱部(7)との間に隙間(21)が形成されるように、放熱部(7)の下方に間隔をおいて設けられており、隙間(21)は、放熱部(7)および加熱部(8)の突出端から単電池まで延びている。したがって、基板(3)のいずれか一方のアルミニウム板、ここでは右側のアルミニウム板のみを外側に膨出させることにより形成された作動液封入部(23)は、隙間(21)を迂回するように設けられるとともに、隙間(21)の部分において上下に途切れさせられており、直接には通じていない。放熱部(7)および加熱部(8)に存在する作動液封入部(23)どうしは、受熱部(6)に存在する作動液封入部(23)を介して通じている。したがって、作動液封入部(23)内に作動液が封入されることにより形成されたヒートパイプ部(22)も、隙間(21)を迂回するように設けられるとともに、隙間(21)の部分において上下に途切れさせられており、放熱部(7)と加熱部(8)との間で短絡しないようになっている。 In the case of the flat plate heat pipe (20) shown in FIG. 4, the heating part (8) of the substrate (3) has a heat radiating part (7) so that a gap (21) is formed between the heating part (8) and the heat radiating part (7). ), And the gap (21) extends from the projecting ends of the heat dissipating part (7) and the heating part (8) to the single cell. Therefore, the hydraulic fluid enclosing portion (23) formed by expanding only one aluminum plate of the substrate (3), in this case, the right aluminum plate, outwardly bypasses the gap (21). In addition to being provided, the gap (21) is vertically interrupted, and is not directly connected. The hydraulic fluid enclosure (23) existing in the heat radiating section (7) and the heating section (8) communicate with each other via the hydraulic fluid enclosure (23) existing in the heat receiving section (6). Therefore, the heat pipe portion (22) formed by sealing the hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic fluid enclosure (23) is also provided to bypass the gap (21), and in the gap (21) portion. It is interrupted vertically so as not to short-circuit between the heat dissipating part (7) and the heating part (8).
その他の構成は、図３に示す平板状ヒートパイプ(2)と同様である。 Other configurations are the same as those of the flat plate-like heat pipe (2) shown in FIG.
図５に示す平板状ヒートパイプ(25)の場合、基板(3)の受熱部(6)の前側縁部の上部に、単電池(1)よりも前方に突出するように一体に設けられた鉛直状放熱部(26)の受熱部(6)からの突出長さは、加熱部(8)の受熱部(6)からの突出長さよりも長くなっており、放熱部(26)の突出端部が、加熱部(8)の突出端部よりも単電池(1)に対して前方に位置している。作動液封入部(23)および作動液封入部(23)内に作動液が封入されることにより形成されたヒートパイプ部(22)は、放熱部(26)の突出端部の近傍に至っている。 In the case of the flat plate heat pipe (25) shown in FIG. 5, it is integrally provided on the upper part of the front edge of the heat receiving part (6) of the substrate (3) so as to protrude forward from the unit cell (1). The protruding length of the vertical heat radiating section (26) from the heat receiving section (6) is longer than the protruding length of the heating section (8) from the heat receiving section (6), and the protruding end of the heat radiating section (26). The part is located in front of the unit cell (1) with respect to the protruding end of the heating part (8). The heat pipe portion (22) formed by sealing the hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic fluid enclosure (23) and the hydraulic fluid enclosure (23) reaches the vicinity of the protruding end of the heat radiating portion (26). .
なお、図示の例では、放熱部(26)には、放熱フィンは設けられていないが、図３に示されている構成の放熱部材(9)が設けられていてもよい。 In the illustrated example, the heat radiating portion (26) is not provided with heat radiating fins, but may be provided with a heat radiating member (9) having the configuration shown in FIG.
その他の構成は、図４に示す平板状ヒートパイプ(2)と同様である。 Other configurations are the same as those of the flat plate-like heat pipe (2) shown in FIG.
図６に示す平板状ヒートパイプ(30)の場合、基板(3)の受熱部(6)の前側縁部の上部に、単電池(1)よりも前方に突出するように一体に設けられた放熱部(31)は、平面から見て波形となるように曲げられている。作動液封入部(23)および作動液封入部(23)内に作動液が封入されることにより形成されたヒートパイプ部(22)は、放熱部(31)の突出端部の近傍に至っている。 In the case of the flat plate heat pipe (30) shown in FIG. 6, it is integrally provided on the upper part of the front edge of the heat receiving part (6) of the substrate (3) so as to protrude forward from the unit cell (1). The heat dissipating part (31) is bent so as to have a waveform when viewed from above. The heat pipe portion (22) formed by sealing the hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic fluid enclosure (23) and the hydraulic fluid enclosure (23) reaches the vicinity of the protruding end of the heat radiating portion (31). .
その他の構成は、図５に示す平板状ヒートパイプ(2)と同様である。 Other configurations are the same as those of the flat plate heat pipe (2) shown in FIG.
この発明による組電池(5)の冷却兼加熱構造は、たとえば複数のＬｉ二次電池からなる組電池(5)を備えたハイブリッドカーに好適に用いられる。 The structure for cooling and heating the assembled battery (5) according to the present invention is suitably used for a hybrid car including the assembled battery (5) composed of a plurality of Li secondary batteries, for example.
(1)：単電池
(2)(20)(25)(30)：平板状ヒートパイプ
(3)：基板
(5)：組電池
(6)：受熱部
(7)(26)(31)：放熱部
(8)：加熱部
(9)：放熱部材
(12)(22)：ヒートパイプ部
(13)(23)：作動液封入部
(21)：隙間
(1): Single cell
(2) (20) (25) (30): Flat heat pipe
(3): Board
(5): Battery pack
(6): Heat receiving part
(7) (26) (31): Heat radiation part
(8): Heating section
(9): Heat dissipation member
(12) (22): Heat pipe part
(13) (23): Hydraulic fluid enclosure
(21): Clearance
Claims (7)
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| JP2013172888A JP6186209B2 (en) | 2013-08-23 | 2013-08-23 | Battery cooling and heating structure |
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| JP2013172888A JP6186209B2 (en) | 2013-08-23 | 2013-08-23 | Battery cooling and heating structure |
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| JP6186209B2 JP6186209B2 (en) | 2017-08-23 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016148225A1 (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2016-09-22 | 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 | Cooling member and power storage module |
| JP2016178078A (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2016-10-06 | 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 | Cooling member and power storage module |
| CN107196014A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-09-22 | 成都动力核芯科技有限公司 | A kind of lithium ion battery of electric automobile phase change radiator structure |
| RU192515U1 (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-09-19 | Акционерное общество "ПКК МИЛАНДР" | BATTERY MODULE MODULE |
| CN113140830A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2021-07-20 | 广州力及热管理科技有限公司 | Temperature-equalizing plate element with heating function and power battery module applying same |
| EP3944401A1 (en) | 2020-07-13 | 2022-01-26 | ABB Schweiz AG | Cooled battery module |
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| WO2016148225A1 (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2016-09-22 | 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 | Cooling member and power storage module |
| JP2016178078A (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2016-10-06 | 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 | Cooling member and power storage module |
| US10700398B2 (en) | 2015-03-19 | 2020-06-30 | Autonetworks Technologies, Ltd. | Cooling member and power storage module |
| CN107196014A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-09-22 | 成都动力核芯科技有限公司 | A kind of lithium ion battery of electric automobile phase change radiator structure |
| CN107196014B (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2023-04-28 | 成都大超科技有限公司 | Phase-change heat dissipation structure of lithium ion battery of electric automobile |
| RU192515U1 (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-09-19 | Акционерное общество "ПКК МИЛАНДР" | BATTERY MODULE MODULE |
| CN113140830A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2021-07-20 | 广州力及热管理科技有限公司 | Temperature-equalizing plate element with heating function and power battery module applying same |
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