JP2015040533A - Pump having air vent hole, and sewage pump unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pump capable of surely preventing the closure of an air vent due to a foreign matter and the occurrence of an air lock phenomenon.SOLUTION: A pump comprises a pump casing 24 having a pump chamber 30 formed therein, and an impeller 27 arranged in the pump chamber 30. The pump casing 24 is formed with an air vent 41 for providing communication between the inside and the outside of the pump chamber 30. The air vent 41 is shaped to have a diameter increased gradually with the distance from the inner opening end 41a of the air vent 41 along the center line CL thereof.

Description

  The present invention relates to a pump and a drainage pump device used for pumping up sewage such as sewage in manholes, sewage tanks, manhole pump stations, reservoirs and the like installed on roads.

  A sewage drainage tank such as a manhole is arranged at an appropriate place in the sewage flow piping system connecting the sewage generation source and the sewage treatment plant, and a pump for discharging the sewage to the outside is installed in the tank. In such a pump, it is required to discharge the sewage in the sewage drainage tank without stagnating and accumulating scum and foreign substances that cause bad odors at the bottom of the sewage drainage tank. As a measure to prevent the generation of scum and foreign matter accumulation that cause bad odor and prevent air lock (a phenomenon in which air is trapped around the impeller and cannot be drained), the pump has a protrusion. The following techniques having an air passage, an air vent hole, and an air vent pipe are widely known.

In Patent Documents 1 and 2, a protrusion projecting inward is provided on the peripheral wall surface on the upstream side in the rotation direction of the impeller with respect to the air vent hole to prevent foreign matters mixed in the sewage from flowing into the air vent hole. A submersible pump is disclosed.
Patent Document 3 discloses a submersible pump that penetrates a peripheral wall surface, forms an air vent passage in the projecting body itself in the pump casing, and directs an end surface in the pump casing in the air vent passage toward the downstream side in the rotation direction of the impeller. Has been.

  In Patent Document 4, an air vent pipe provided on the peripheral wall surface of the upper part of the pump casing is provided, and the air vent pipe includes a submersible pump provided with a check valve that is opened only in the direction of discharging the air in the pump casing. It is disclosed. When the sewage in the sewage tank is discharged by the submersible pump installed in the sewage tank and the water level in the sewage tank is lowered, air flows into the pump casing. When the pump is restarted in such a state, the air in the pump casing is discharged through the air vent pipe, and the occurrence of an air lock is prevented.

  Patent Document 5 discloses a submersible pump used to pump up sewage in a sewage tank, a manhole pump station, a reservoir, and the like. In this submersible pump, when it is pulled up from the sewage tank for maintenance or the like and then installed again in the sewage tank, air may flow into the pump casing and an air lock may occur. In order to prevent this, the pump casing is ventilated in a state of being inclined with respect to the radial direction of the pump casing so that the pump casing is positioned on the upstream side in the rotation direction of the impeller as it passes through the peripheral wall surface and becomes the outer peripheral side. A hole is provided. With such a configuration, it is possible to suppress sewage that is swirling in the pump casing from flowing into the air vent hole, thereby preventing the air vent hole from being clogged with foreign matter.

  Patent Document 6 discloses a vortex-type sewage / sewage submersible pump used for sewage water delivery. In particular, the air inside the pump is evacuated to prevent the air lock from being collected around the impeller when the pump is activated. An air vent structure is shown to prevent it from occurring. Specifically, an air vent hole communicating with the inside and outside of the pump casing is provided at one place of the pump casing, and the air inside the pump chamber is exhausted to the outside from the air vent hole. The position of the air vent hole is provided at a position slightly higher than the position of the impeller so that the air in the pump chamber is vented so as not to cause an air lock when the pump is activated.

  Patent Document 7 discloses a submersible pump installed in a manhole provided in a pump station that is a sewage relay / pumping facility. The manhole described in this document is a pre-turning manhole that prevents scum from staying inside and prevents air lock. The sewage flows into the manhole from the sewage inflow pipe and accumulates in the manhole. When the water level meter detects that the level of sewage in the manhole has reached a preset drainage start level, the submersible pump is activated and the sewage is discharged to the outside of the manhole through the drainage pipe. When the amount of sewage in the manhole decreases, the remaining sewage descends while turning through the water conduit provided at the bottom and flows into the recess. For this reason, in this manhole structure, all the sewage in the manhole is finally discharged outside except for some sewage remaining in the recess.

  Patent Document 8 discloses a drainage pump device configured by installing a submersible pump and a discharge pipe connected to a discharge port of the submersible pump in a tank such as a sewage drainage tank. In this drainage pump device, the foreign matter accumulated at the bottom of the sewage drainage tank generates a swirling swirl suction flow by the spiral protrusions and efficiently discharges it to the outside of the water tank, thereby preventing bad odors due to the foreign matter. This drainage pump device is provided, for example, in a sewage drainage tank placed at an appropriate place in a sewage flow pipe system that connects a sewage generation source and a sewage treatment plant, and the sewage in the sewage drainage tank It is possible to discharge the foreign matter without causing retention and accumulation.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-100783 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-100785 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-100784 JP-A-8-114194 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-184583 JP 11-37084 A JP 2005-214046 A JP 2009-281348 A

However, the above-described conventional structure and method have the following problems.
According to the submersible pumps described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, by providing the protrusions and protrusions on the peripheral wall surface of the pump casing, foreign matter can be prevented from flowing into the air vent hole. Since it is in a state of protruding into the casing, foreign matter mixed in the sewage may be caught on the protrusions and the protruding body. When a foreign object is caught on the protrusion or the projecting body, the vortex formed by the rotation of the impeller is hindered and the pump performance is reduced. Furthermore, in the configuration in which the projecting body separate from the pump casing is provided, there is a problem that the projecting body is processed into a predetermined shape or an operation of attaching the projecting body to the pump casing is required, and the manufacturing operation is not easy.

  According to the submersible pump described in Patent Document 4, since sewage forms a vortex by the rotation of the impeller, the sewage flows into the air vent pipe, and the sewage in the pump casing flows out through the air vent pipe. At this time, the foreign matter mixed in the sewage may flow into the air vent pipe together with the sewage, and the foreign matter may be clogged in the air vent pipe. When the foreign matter is clogged and the air vent pipe is closed, air cannot be released through the air vent pipe, and the impeller may be air-locked. Furthermore, it is necessary to provide a check valve having a function of opening the valve hole when the air vent pipe is installed or when there is no water in the air vent pipe, which complicates the structure.

  According to the submersible pump described in Patent Document 5, sewage flows into the air vent hole and sewage in the pump casing flows out through the air vent hole in order to form a vortex flow by rotation of the impeller such as sewage. At this time, the foreign matter mixed in the sewage flows into the air vent hole together with the sewage, and the foreign matter may be clogged in the air vent hole. When the air vent hole is closed due to clogging with foreign matter, air cannot be removed through the air vent hole, and the impeller may be air-locked. The air vent hole is normally provided in the peripheral wall surface of the upper part of the pump casing so as to face the impeller accommodated in the pump casing in a state penetrating along the radial direction of the pump casing. Is easy to flow in.

  Since the air vent hole described in Patent Document 6 is located outside the outer diameter of the impeller, the water pressure at the air vent position is high, and if a large air vent hole is provided, water leakage from the air vent hole increases. There was a problem that the pump performance deteriorated. Moreover, since the air vent hole is located at a position where it is directly exposed to the sewage pumped by the impeller, filth in the sewage blocks the air vent hole, resulting in a problem that the air vent function is lost.

  According to the submersible pump described in Patent Document 7, air is discharged through an opening provided in the pump casing. However, since the sewage ejected from the opening of the submersible pump includes foreign matter, there is a problem that the opening is easily blocked by the foreign matter. Therefore, if the opening is closed after all, if gas accumulates in the pump casing, the gas is not discharged to the outside and an air lock is caused.

  According to the drainage pump device described in Patent Document 8, a spiral protrusion is disposed at a position surrounding the submersible pump suction port at the bottom of the water tank to generate a stable swirl swirl suction flow. As a result, foreign substances do not stay and accumulate, but no measures are taken against the air lock.

  Therefore, in the conventional submersible pumps and drainage systems, the air lock countermeasures are insufficient and cannot be surely performed, or another problem arises due to the countermeasures. there were. In particular, since the air vent hole is simply formed by forming a hole between the casing or the casing and the motor, once clogging starts, it will be difficult for the residue to come off, and the clogging will continue to grow and stick and close. As a result, there was a situation where water could not be pumped.

  In such a state, a failure occurs at the maintenance site in the manhole or pump facility, and the manager is notified by an alarm, for example. In order to eliminate the blockage of the air vent hole, an operator enters the manhole, pulls up the submersible pump, and hits the dirt and debris clogged tightly in the air vent hole with a tool such as a screwdriver, or with a tapered tool. For example, the air vent hole was opened.

  However, such a method requires a great amount of work time and man-hours, and may damage the pump. Essentially, if the air vent hole of such a submersible pump is not clogged, alarms and failures will be drastically reduced and maintenance costs will be reduced at the maintenance site.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a pump and a drainage pump device that can reliably prevent the occurrence of air lock phenomenon and air lock phenomenon due to foreign matter. It is in.

  In order to achieve the above-described object, in the pump and drainage pump device having an air vent hole according to the present invention, the pump casing that forms the pump chamber has an air vent hole that communicates the inside and the outside of the pump chamber. The air vent hole is formed, and has a shape in which the diameter gradually increases with the distance from the inner opening end of the air vent hole along the center line thereof.

The air vent hole is formed by a smooth surface made of a paint.
The air vent hole is formed in a block member provided in the pump casing.
The air vent hole is formed by a smooth surface treatment formed in the block member.
The air vent hole has a truncated cone shape.

  A pump body that is installed in the manhole and sucks sewage into the pump chamber and discharges it to the outside; and an air vent hole that forms an air passage connecting the inside of the pump chamber and the outside of the pump body. The aperture is formed so that the opening dimension B outside the pump body is larger than the opening dimension A inside the pump chamber (A <B).

  According to the present invention, the pump casing that forms the pump chamber is formed with an air vent hole that communicates the inside and the outside of the pump chamber, and the air vent hole extends along the center line of the pump casing. A pump body having a shape in which the diameter gradually increases with the distance from the inner opening end of the air vent hole, and is installed in a manhole, and a pump body that sucks sewage into the pump chamber and discharges it to the outside And an air vent hole that forms an air passage connecting the pump chamber inner side and the pump body outer side, and the air vent hole has an opening diameter B that is larger than the opening dimension A on the pump chamber inner side than the opening dimension A on the pump chamber inner side. Since it is a drainage pump device that is formed so that it becomes larger (A <B), it is possible to reliably prevent the air vent hole from being blocked by the foreign matter and the air lock phenomenon. .

It is sectional drawing which shows the drainage pump apparatus provided with the pump of a present Example. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the pump installed in the manhole shown in FIG. It is AA sectional drawing of the submersible pump shown in FIG. FIG. 4A is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the air vent hole of this embodiment, and FIG. 4B is a plan view showing the block member shown in FIG. It is an expanded sectional view which shows the structure of the air vent hole of another Example. It is an expanded sectional view which shows the structure of the air vent hole of other Example. It is sectional drawing of the submersible pump which has the air vent hole arrange | positioned in another position. It is sectional drawing which shows the submersible pump of other Example.

Preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail below.
FIG. 1 shows an overall configuration of a drainage pump device including a submersible pump 10 installed in a pre-turning manhole 1. The manhole 1 includes a side wall portion 1a formed in a cylindrical shape, and an opening 1b that opens toward the ground at the upper end thereof, and a lid 2 that covers the opening 1b is installed as shown in the figure.

  A recess 3 is provided near the center of the bottom 1c of the manhole 1, and a water conduit 4 that descends while turning toward the recess 3 is provided around the recess 3. A sewage inflow pipe 5 is attached to the side wall 1a, and a water level gauge 7 for detecting the level of sewage collected in the manhole 1 is provided in the vicinity of the side wall 1a as shown in the figure.

  The submersible pump 10 is connected to a guide pipe 8 installed vertically in the manhole 1, and at the time of failure or inspection, a guide pipe 8 is guided by an operator using a chain (not shown) connected to the top of the submersible pump 10. The manhole 1 can be moved up and down by being guided by, and the work is performed on the ground. The submersible pump 10 is connected to a drain pipe 14 through a connecting pipe 16 composed of a discharge curved pipe 12 and a vertical discharge pipe 13. More specifically, a discharge curved pipe 12 connected to the discharge port 10 b of the submersible pump 10 is fixed to the bottom 1 c of the manhole 1, and the discharge curved pipe 12 is a vertical installed vertically in the manhole 1. Connected to the discharge pipe 13, the vertical discharge pipe 13 is connected to a drain pipe 14 extending from the inside of the manhole 1 to the outside. The suction pipe 11 of the submersible pump 10 has a suction port 10 a, and the suction pipe 11 is disposed in the recess 3.

  Sewage such as sewage flows into the manhole 1 from the sewage inflow pipe 5 and accumulates in the manhole 1. When the water level meter 7 detects that the level of sewage in the manhole 1 has reached a preset drainage start level, the submersible pump 10 is activated. The sewage in the recess 3 is sucked from the suction port 10a of the submersible pump 10 and discharged from the discharge port 10b. The discharged sewage is discharged to the outside of the manhole 1 through the discharge bent pipe 12, the vertical discharge pipe 13, and the drain pipe 14.

  When drainage advances and the amount of sewage in the manhole 1 decreases, the remaining sewage descends while turning through the water conduit 4 provided in the bottom 1c and flows into the recess 3. The sewage in the manhole 1 is finally discharged outside, except for some sewage remaining in the recess 3. As described above, the scum remaining in the manhole 1 is reduced as much as possible to prevent the residual water from generating scum.

  FIG. 2 shows the entire structure of the submersible pump 10 installed in the manhole 1. As shown in FIG. 2, the submersible pump 10 includes a motor unit 21, a shaft seal unit 22, and a pump unit 23, and the motor unit 21 rotates with an upper bearing 31 and a lower bearing 32 that support a rotating shaft 26. And a motor 15 for rotating the shaft 26. The shaft seal portion 22 has a seal chamber 37 positioned between the motor portion 21 and the pump portion 23, and a shaft seal device 38 is disposed in the seal chamber 37.

  The rotating shaft 26 extends through the shaft sealing portion 22 to the pump portion 23, and an impeller 27 is attached to the tip end portion of the rotating shaft 26. The impeller 27 is surrounded by a pump casing 24 constituted by an intermediate casing 24 a and a lower casing 24 b provided in the pump unit 23, and is arranged in the pump chamber 30. The lower part of the pump chamber 30 is configured as a spiral chamber 35.

  An air vent hole 41 that communicates the inside and the outside of the pump chamber 30 is provided at a position outside the impeller 27 in the radial direction of the lower casing 24 b, and the air vent hole 41 allows the gas accumulated in the pump chamber 30 to pass through. In addition to having a function as a vent hole for discharging, it has a function of ejecting a part of the sewage in the pump chamber 30 to the outside. That is, when the submersible pump 10 is started, the gas accumulated in the pump chamber 30 is discharged through the air vent hole 41, and part of the sewage sucked into the pump chamber 30 is driven by the impeller 27 during operation of the submersible pump 10. The scum is prevented from sticking to the inner wall of the manhole 1 by being ejected from the air vent hole 41 by the generated pressure and the inside of the manhole 1 being agitated by the ejected sewage.

  The submersible pump 10 sucks sewage from a suction port 10 a provided at the lower end of the pump casing 24, and discharges sewage from a discharge port 10 b provided at a side portion of the pump casing 24. In the above structure, the water level in the manhole 1 when the discharge of sewage in the manhole 1 is completed, that is, the pump stop water level is located below the pump casing 24, so that it remains in the pump casing 24 and the pump chamber 30. The sewage that is being dropped falls, and gas (air) accumulates in the pump chamber 30.

  After that, when the water level in the manhole 1 rises again and the submersible pump 10 is started, an air lock is generated by the air accumulated in the pump chamber 30 and pumping becomes impossible. If a gas such as air accumulates in the pump chamber 30 even during operation of the submersible pump 10, an air lock is caused. Therefore, an air vent hole 41 communicating with the outside is provided in the pump casing 24 of the submersible pump 10, and the gas accumulated in the pump casing 24 is discharged to the outside through the air vent hole 41.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2, and FIGS. 4 to 8 are views illustrating first to fifth embodiments of the air vent hole 41. In FIG. 3, the air vent hole 41 is configured as an opening (air passage) penetrating the side wall of the pump casing 24 that forms the pump chamber 30. The air vent hole 41 is formed in a circular block member 40 embedded in the side wall of the pump casing 24 as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b). The block member 40 functions as a part of the side wall of the pump casing 24.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, the air vent hole 41 formed in the block member 40 has a shape in which the diameter gradually increases with the distance from the inner opening end 41a of the air vent hole 41 along the center line CL. have. That is, the air vent hole 41 has a truncated cone shape that extends outward. If the diameter of the inner opening end 41a of the air vent hole 41 is A and the diameter of the outer opening end 41b is B, the dimensions of the air vent hole 41 have a relationship of A <B. The diameter of the air vent hole 41 gradually increases from the diameter A of the inner opening end 41a to the diameter B of the outer opening end 41b.

  Here, the dimensions of the air vent hole 41 are specifically, for example, the diameter A of the inner opening end 41a is about 5 mm, and the diameter B of the outer opening end 41b is about 5 mm or more that satisfies the relationship of A <B. However, depending on the angle at which the air vent hole having the diameter A is formed, the dimension of the diameter B is set so that the angle is 80 degrees or less, for example, 60 degrees with respect to the conventional 90 degrees. Thus, since the air vent hole 41 is formed as a truncated cone-shaped hole that spreads outward, the air vent hole 41 is unlikely to be blocked by foreign matters such as dirt and residue. Moreover, even if a foreign substance adheres to the air vent hole 41, it can be discharged to the outside of the pump chamber 30 by air pressure or water pressure, and closing by a foreign substance such as dirt is prevented.

  In the example shown in FIG. 4, the inner surface of the block member 40 is in the same plane as the inner surface 24 a of the side wall of the pump casing 24, but the outer surface of the block member 40 protrudes outward from the outer surface 24 b of the side wall of the pump casing 24. With such a configuration, the position of the air vent hole 41 can be easily confirmed visually from the outside. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the outer surface of the block member 40 may be located in the same plane as the outer surface 24 b of the side wall of the pump casing 24.

  The block member 40 shown in FIG. 5 has a flange 40a, and is press-fitted into the side wall of the pump casing 24 from the inside until the flange 40a abuts on a step formed on the side wall of the pump casing 24. The air vent hole 41 shown in FIG. 6 is the same as the example shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 in that its diameter increases with the distance from the inner opening end 41a, but the air vent hole shown in FIG. Reference numeral 41 is different in that it has a vertical cross-sectional shape composed of curves. That is, the air vent hole 41 shown in FIG. 6 has a trumpet shape due to its curved configuration. Moreover, the thread 40b is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the block member 40 shown in FIG. 6, and it is screwed into the screw hole formed in the side wall of the pump casing 24, and is fixed.

  The inner peripheral portion of the air vent hole 41 of the block member 40 is formed with a smooth surface so that even if foreign matter adheres to the air vent hole 41, it can be discharged to the outside of the pump chamber 30 by air pressure or water pressure. As the material of the block member 40, it is preferable to use a material having corrosion resistance such as ceramic or stainless steel, or a material to which sludge is difficult to adhere. Furthermore, it is preferable to coat the surface of the air vent hole 41 with a paint that does not easily adhere sludge, such as a ceramic coating material, a fluororesin coating material, or a silica-based paint. In this case, since the air vent hole 41 is formed from a smooth surface made of a paint, it is more effective for detachment of foreign matters.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the air vent hole 41 is formed in the block member 40, which is a separate member from the pump casing 24, but the air vent hole 41 is formed on the side wall of the pump casing 24 without providing the block member 40. You may form in. Also in this case, the air vent hole 41 of the pump casing 24 is formed by a smooth surface as described above.

  Next, the position of such an air vent hole 41 will be described. The air vent hole 41 is provided above the spiral chamber 35 of the pump casing 24 and at a position radially outside the impeller 27. In the example shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the air vent hole 41 is disposed on the side opposite to the discharge port 10 b with respect to the impeller 27. As shown in FIG. 7, the air vent hole 41 may be disposed on the same side as the discharge port 10 b with respect to the impeller 27.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the first air vent hole 41 </ b> A may be provided in the lower casing 24 b of the pump casing 24, and the second air vent hole 41 </ b> B may be provided in the intermediate casing 24 a of the pump casing 24. In this case, a through hole 39 for communicating the pump chamber 30 with the seal chamber 37 thereabove is formed in the intermediate casing 24a. The air vent hole 41A and the air vent hole 41B are formed at angles with different inclinations, but this is appropriately set according to the thickness of the lower casing 24b and the intermediate casing 24a. FIG. 8 shows an example in which two air vent holes 41A and 41B are provided, but any one of them may be used.

  In any example, since the air vent hole 41 is disposed on the upper side of the pump casing 24, the air accumulated in the pump chamber 30 can be efficiently discharged to the outside.

  In the past, the air vent hole was formed in a columnar shape with a length corresponding to the thickness of the casing and the pump chamber, so that clogging of foreign matters was induced. However, the inner opening end 41a of the air vent hole 41 in this embodiment is used. Then, as described above, the configuration of the truncated cone shape in which the contact resistance of the foreign matter is reduced, the foreign matter can be easily discharged outward.

  In the submersible pump 10 shown in FIG. 8, an air vent hole 41 </ b> B and a through hole 39 are formed in the intermediate casing 24 a of the pump casing 24. The through hole 39 is provided at a position facing the center base of the impeller 27 (the hub of the impeller 27), and the gas accumulated in the pump chamber 30 is discharged through the through hole 39. The sewage pumped by the impeller 27 rarely goes around the center of the impeller 27. Therefore, even if the through hole 39 is provided at the above position, the through hole 39 is not likely to be blocked.

According to the above-described embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
1. The air vent hole is not blocked by foreign matter mixed in sewage such as sewage.
2. The air lock phenomenon can be reliably prevented.
3. Even if the air vent hole is blocked by foreign matter, the foreign matter can be removed easily and quickly, and the operation of the submersible pump can be restored.
4). The vortex flow in the pump casing is not obstructed.
5. Easy to manufacture with simple configuration.
6). By the surface treatment using a material capable of forming a smooth surface or painting, foreign matter can be prevented from being attached and detached to the outside easily.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Manhole 10 Submersible pump 12 Discharge curved pipe 13 Vertical discharge pipe 15 Motor 16 Connection pipe 21 Motor part 22 Shaft seal part 23 Pump part 24 Pump casing 24a Intermediate casing 24b Lower casing 26 Rotating shaft 27 Impeller 30 Pump room 35 Swirl room 37 Seal chamber 38 Shaft seal device 39 Through hole 40 Block members 41, 41A, 41B Air vent hole

Claims (6)

In the pump casing that forms the pump chamber inside, an air vent hole that communicates the inside and outside of the pump chamber is formed,
The said air vent hole has a shape where a diameter becomes large gradually with the distance from the inner opening end of this air vent hole along the centerline.   The pump according to claim 1, wherein the air vent hole is formed by a smooth surface made of a paint.   The pump according to claim 1, wherein the air vent hole is formed in a block member provided in the pump casing.   The pump according to claim 3, wherein the air vent hole is formed by a smooth surface treatment formed in the block member.   The pump according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the air vent hole has a truncated cone shape. A pump body installed in a manhole, sucking sewage into the pump chamber and discharging it outside,
An air vent hole that forms an air passage connecting the pump chamber inside and the pump body outside;
Have
The drainage pump device, wherein the opening diameter of the air vent hole is formed so that the opening dimension B outside the pump body is larger than the opening dimension A inside the pump chamber (A <B).

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