RU2320826C2 - Device for water extraction from well and automatic discharge valve - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water-supply system, particularly automatic water discharge from pipes, for water-lifting pipe and tower (vessel) protection against water freezing, for well and submersed electric pump protection against operational imperfection, well head protection against mudding and contamination, especially countryside water intake wells.

SUBSTANCE: automatic discharge valve comprises body with inlet and outlet orifices and lever with shutoff member, weight, bolt and nut arranged in the body. One lever part may abut upon inner body surface parts opposite to seat to close shutoff member as pump delivery increases at the time of admissible minimal supply. One lever end is pivotally connected to the body. Another lever end is bent. Valve also has outlet made as discharge pipe provided with seat and connected to side body surface. Valve has fork member. Seat and shutoff member surface touching it are flat. Discharge pipe with seat, lever and fork are made of plastic. Lever has liquid flow divider acting on the weight. In the case of increased pressure upstream of valve the divider is located from low lever side. If said pressure is between high and low values the divider is arranged over weight and space between weight and divider is equal to washer thickness. When said pressure is low lever is provided with additional liquid flow divider arranged over weight and space between weight and divider is equal to washer thickness. Water supply device using said valve is also disclosed.

EFFECT: increased device reliability and extended electric submersible pump operation time, decreased maintenance, construction and well killing costs.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of water supply and can be used to automatically drain liquids in pipelines as protection of water pipes and towers (tanks) from freezing water, a well and an electric submersible pump in them from violation of the rules for their operation, the wellhead from clogging and pollution, preferably in water wells located in the countryside.

The prior art for the object is a device for supplying water from a well.

The existing standard project 901-2-177.91 is known, including an electric submersible pump, an underground pavilion (well) 2.4 m deep at the wellhead, where a valve, an additional non-return valve, a water meter, a crane, a pressure gauge, a sealed tip, static and dynamic level, sometimes bactericidal and deferrizing installations, a neck with a hatch.

The disadvantage of this model project is:

1. Since the wellhead is located in the well, this makes it even more difficult to dismantle the pipes filled with water. All the water that is in the water-lifting pipes when dismantling the pipes is sprayed into the well, to the installers (who are not in dirty boots where), and this garbage seeps into the well. When flushing wells, the wells are generally filled with mud. But, despite this, sometimes the water freezes in the water pipes. Due to the above-mentioned drawbacks, many operators remove check valves from electric submersible pumps by placing a check valve between the tower (capacity) and the well, which creates a deep vacuum between them, and therefore the pump and the well start up in this case in the worst conditions. This is proved by studies of the effect of filters during transients, conducting in wells without check valves of an electric submersible pump (4) and “prevention of sanding of wells” (5). Therefore, in the instructions for servicing electric submersible pumps (6, p. 4, p. 10) they write that commissioning of the pump unit is allowed only when the pipeline is full. Drilling or through drilling of the valve cone is not allowed, since in this case the check valve is not able to perform its functions, which consist in keeping the water pipes constantly filled with water, without creating a vacuum in the water pipes. Periodic start-up of pumps in a vacuum in the lifting pipes in automatic mode is a gross violation of the rules for the operation of wells and pumps, which drastically reduces their life. Therefore, many well operators do not turn off the pumps at all.

2. When water is supplied to the tower of Rozhnovsky from above, water freezes in the riser, and when water is supplied to the tower below, water freezes in the upper part of the tower and in the column trunk just above the flow pipe. Due to the freezing of water in the riser and in the tower, the wells do not work reliably in automatic mode. For this reason, in rural areas there are few wells operating automatically, there are many cases of transfusion of water from the tower, there is no water metering, and there are many complaints about the poor provision of water to the population.

3. Construction, repair and operation of pavilions, wells, underground water pipelines that are associated with digging in the sanitary zone; inability of wells to work in automatic mode; transfusion of water from the tower; finding the wellhead in the well and supplying it with so much equipment; finding the operator daily several times a day in the well; frequent interruptions in the provision of water to the population; connecting the wellhead directly with water consumers to underground pipelines that run anywhere; additional warming of the pavilions with sawdust, straw; lack of natural ventilation of the wellhead due to the presence of pavilions above them; an increase in the number of repairs, drilling and inactive wells due to a violation of the rules for the technical operation of wells and pumps; - this is an incomplete list of the shortcomings of the existing model project that worsen the environmental situation and the sanitary condition of wells in rural areas.

Well operation under these conditions automatically excludes:

- rational use of water bodies;

- maintaining optimal conditions for water use;

- maintenance in good condition of technical equipment;

- equipment of wells with water control devices;

- protection of groundwater from pollution and clogging.

Thus, the existing model project creates:

- in nature, there are no new problems that bring the wellhead irreversibly into an unsanitary state and increase the likelihood of infection of water coming from the wells hundreds of times;

- conditions under which it is impossible to operate without violating the rules of operation of the well and pumps, which leads to a sharp reduction in their life;

- problems in protecting the Rozhnovsky tower from freezing water in it;

- problems in the operation of wells in automatic mode.

A successful solution to this problem and the closest analogue is a device for supplying water from a well to a tower, including a submersible pump with a non-return valve, connected to the tower by means of a pressure pipe with an upper water supply to the tower, a valve, an automatic drain valve (ASK, see the indicated patent RF №2222671).

The disadvantage of this analogue is:

- leakage of water through the ASK in conditions when the pressure is not enough above the valve to press the locking element to the seat;

- when water is supplied from the well to the reservoir, to the tank and to a low tower at high water flow rates in the water-lifting pipes, ASK cannot regulate the permissible minimum pump flow rate, which is recommended by the manufacturer.

The objective is to increase the reliability of the device.

The problem is solved in that in the device for supplying water from the well to the tower, including a submersible pump with a non-return valve, connected to the tower by means of a pressure pipe with an upper supply of water to the tower (tank, reservoir), a valve, an automatic drain valve, is an automatic drain valve the valve described below and as claimed in claim 1.

The prior art for the object is an automatic drain valve (ASK). A device for lifting water from wells is known, including a pump, a shut-off element with a mechanism for its movement (as USSR AS No. 817161, EV 03/06, 1979). The disadvantage of this invention is the design complexity of the locking element with a mechanism for its movement.

The closest analogue is an automatic drain valve, including a housing with inlet and outlet openings, inside of which a lever with a locking element is placed, one end of the lever is pivotally connected to the housing, and the other is bent, a drain made in the form of a drain tube with a saddle placed on the side surface of the housing , the plug, the lever is equipped with a small weight with the possibility of supporting the small weight on the generators of the inner surface of the housing located on the opposite side of the saddle and with the possibility of closing the locking element when As the pump feeds at the moment of the acceptable minimum flow, the seat and the contact surface of the shut-off element with the seat are made flat, the seat, lever and plug are made of plastic (see RF patent No. 2222671 C2 Е03В 3 (06)).

The disadvantage of this valve is that sometimes water leaks through the ASK when there is insufficient pressure above the valve to press the closure element against the seat.

In addition, when replacing a pump with a lower capacity with a larger one in the well (when using the same water-lifting pipes), ASK cannot meet the requirements of the instructions of pump manufacturers on the permissible minimum water supply by the pump, because the valve in this case closes until the pump reaches the permissible minimum water supply.

The objective is to increase the reliability of the automatic drain valve.

The problem is solved in that the ASK according to patent No. 2222671 is equipped with dividers of the fluid flow acting on the weight and the washer. In addition, one of the parts of the lever (nut or bolt, or weight, or one of the dividers), with a lack of the total weight of the cargo, is made of a permanent magnet.

Figure 1 shows the proposed device, a General view; figure 2 - automatic drain valve.

The device comprises an electric submersible pump 1 with a check valve 2, a pressure pipe 3, an automatic drain valve 4, a valve 5, a tower 6.

The ground part of the pressure pipe 3 has a slope. The automatic drain valve 4 is installed end-to-end with the water pipes of the pressure pipe 3 and has a housing 7, a drive lever 10 with a locking element 8, a weight 12, a divider 14, a drain pipe with a seat 9, a plug 11, a nut 13, 16, a bolt 17. A drive lever 10 with a locking element 8, a weight 12 and a divider 14 is placed inside the housing, one end of the drive lever is pivotally connected to the housing 7, and the other is bent. One of the parts of the lever (nut 16 or bolt 17, or weight, or divider 14) is mounted with the possibility of support on located on the opposite side of the saddle forming the inner surface of the housing 7.

The device operates as follows. When the pump 1 is turned on, the water through the check valve 2 rises upward through the pipe 3, passes through the ASK 4, the valve 5, along the aboveground part of the pressure pipe 3, merges from above into the tower (underground storage, capacity) 6, passes through the tower and from below the water goes to consumption. When water moves along the inner part of the housing 7 upwards under the action of the velocity head of the liquid mass, the drive lever 10 with the locking element 8, a weight 12 and a divider 14 is rotated relative to the axis of the plug 11 and the locking element 8 closes the saddle of the drain pipe 9. Water passes through the housing 7, not merging.

When pump 1 stops, i.e. when stopping the movement of fluid in the pipeline 3 and, therefore, inside the housing 7, the drive lever 10 with the locking element 8, a weight 12 and a divider rotates about the axis of the plug 11, opening the saddle of the drain pipe 9.

Thus, the opening and closing of the saddle and, consequently, the discharge of fluid back into the well when the pump is stopped, are carried out automatically, which prevents freezing of water in the pressure pipe in cold weather.

Moreover, the elimination of water leakage through the ASK, depending on the pressure above the valve and the flow rate of water in the lifting pipes, is achieved by dividers of the fluid flow acting on the weight.

At high pressure above the valve, the divider of the fluid flow acting on the weight is installed on the lower side of the lever, Fig.2.

With a low pressure above the ASK and a low water flow rate in the water pipes, it is necessary to press the locking element to the saddle more strongly. This is achieved by providing an additional divider of the fluid flow acting on the weight installed above the weight on the thickness of the washer, Fig.3.

When the pressure above the ASK is between the two above options, the divider of the fluid flow acting on the sinker is installed above the sinker by the thickness of the washer, Fig. 4.

At the same time, the dividers separate the fluid flow acting on the weight, increase the action of the fluid on the lever and thereby increase the force of the locking element against the saddle, improve the tightness of the ASK and make it reliable for use in all well operating conditions. At the same time, the weight of the weight is reduced in comparison with the analogue.

The closing of the valve before the minimum water supply by the pump (at high speeds of water in the lifting pipes) is achieved by supplying the lever with a part (nut or bolt, or weight, or divider) made of a permanent magnet with the possibility of contacting it with the body. Thus, the action of the magnet eliminates premature valve closure.

ASK is installed between the first and second pipes from above by conventional wrap so as to prevent freezing of water in the pressure pipes located above the drain valve.

Thus, the installation of the ASK according to the application to the well eliminates leakage in all cases of water supply from the wells, eliminates freezing of water in pressure pipes, provides an upper water supply to the tower (capacity, reservoir) without removing the check valve of the electric submersible pump and eliminates freezing of water in the tower ( capacity). At the same time, a column of water constantly presses on the check valve, therefore:

- the well is put into operation smoothly;

- excludes sanding of the well and reboot of the electric motor at the time of launch;

- the reverse rotation of the rotor is excluded when the pump is stopped and, therefore, the worst case of starting the electric motor is excluded;

- a condition is created to protect the electric submersible pump and natural filter from water hammer;

- the necessary conditions are created for the well to work automatically in any weather conditions;

- the necessary conditions are created for remote control and for well operation without maintenance personnel;

- excludes transfusion of water from the tower when installing sensors.

In addition, the installation of an automatic drain valve:

- automatically protects the electric submersible pump from heating in case of unacceptable impeller wear;

- automatically protects the electric submersible pump from dry running due to a decrease in the dynamic water level;

- eliminates the need for the construction and operation of booths, wells and dismantling of booths during overhaul;

- eliminates the cost overruns for heating the booth, for heating the upper part of the tower from freezing water and to overcome the resistance of water in the tower with a lower water supply to the tower.

At the same time, the environmental situation and the sanitary condition of the well are improved hundreds of times with the introduction of an automatic drain valve, because:

- 100% isolation of the aquifer from the necessary engineering networks is provided;

- in the sanitary zone there are no underground structures, booths, wells, water pipes and their operation;

- transfusion of water from the tower is not allowed;

- the wellhead is constantly ventilated, as no booth;

- the well can work all year round in automatic mode with remote control and therefore there is no need for staff to be in the sanitary zone;

- the intake of water from the well is reduced several times and, consequently, groundwater and energy savings are obtained;

- the water supply of the population improves by several times, which means that the consumption of low-quality water by the population sharply decreases;

- the life of pumps and wells increases several times, and, consequently, the number of repairs, constructions and liquidations of wells decreases several times;

- makes it possible to remove most of the equipment from the wellhead and minimize human intervention in nature at the wellhead.

Thus, the reliability of the device increases, the pressure pipeline, the tower (capacity) are protected from freezing water in them, the well and the electric submersible pump - from premature failure, and the wellhead - from clogging and pollution. At the same time, operating costs, repair, construction and well abandonment costs are reduced by about 2 times, problematic issues of well automation are solved, and the environmental situation and sanitary condition of wells in rural areas are improved by hundreds of times compared with existing standard projects in the Russian Federation .

Information sources

1. Patent No. 2222671 C2, 7 EV 3/06, 12/05/2001.

2. The existing standard design is the underground pumping station No. 901-2-177.91.

3. Copyright certificate of the USSR No. 817161, Е03В 3/06, 1979

4. Gavrilko V.M., Alekseev V.S. Drill hole filters. Moscow. Nedra, 1985, p.239-245.

5. Bashkatov A.D. Prevention of sanding wells. M .: Nedra, 1991

6. Service manual for submersible centrifugal pumps with motor drive 1978, manufacturer: FEB Pumpenfabrik Oschersleben 323 Oschersleben bode Hornhuiser Strasse 11-4-4-4-17.

Claims (3)

1. Automatic drain valve, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet openings, inside of which there is a lever with a locking element, a weight, a bolt and a nut with the possibility of supporting one of the lever parts on the inner surface of the housing located on the opposite side of the saddle and with the possibility of closing the locking element with an increase in feed by the pump at the time of the acceptable minimum flow, one end of the lever is pivotally connected to the housing, and the other is bent, the drain, made in the form of placed on the side surface of the housing of the drain tube with a saddle, a plug, while the saddle and the surface of the locking element in contact with it are made flat, the drain tube with a saddle, a lever and a plug are made of plastic, characterized in that the lever is equipped with a divider of the fluid flow acting on the weight, at a high pressure above the valve, the divider is mounted on the lower side of the lever, and at a pressure above the valve between high and low, the weight is higher than the weight by the thickness of the washer, and at low pressure above the valve, the lever is equipped with An additional divider of the fluid flow acting on the weight installed above the weight on the thickness of the washer. 2. The valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the lever part, made with the possibility of support on located on the opposite side of the saddle forming the inner surface of the body, is made of a permanent magnet. 3. A device for supplying water from a well, including an electric submersible pump with a non-return valve, connected to a tower, or a tank, or a reservoir by means of water pipes with an upper water supply to them, a valve and an automatic drain valve, characterized in that it is an automatic drain valve used the valve according to claim 1.

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