JP2015039469A - Scissors - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problems of being unable to use due to breaking when a blade body is a fragile material in a case of caulking and fixing a member provided in a part for locking the mutual blade bodies, and of being unable to smoothly rotate since a rotary shaft inclines when increasing interposingly pressing force in a case where there is the rotary shaft of the blade body in a member for interposingly pressing and fixing the blade body.SOLUTION: A pair of blade bodies comprise a convex part for covering the periphery of a rotary shaft body on an opposite surface of a surface of opposing these mutual blade bodies, and comprise a cover body having a concave part for covering this convex part and constituted so as to expose an edge of this blade body. This cover body holds the pair of mutual blade bodies by energizing its convex part in the rotary shaft direction. Since the rotary shaft of the blade body is determined by the rotary shaft body, the blade body can smoothly rotate without looseness without selecting a construction material and a size.

Description

  The present invention relates to a scissors obtained by rotatably locking two blade bodies. In particular, the present invention relates to a ridge that constitutes a blade body with a brittle material and a very small ridge.

  A so-called Western-style rice cake is obtained by overlapping and locking two blade bodies having a hole for inserting a finger or a portion for gripping with a hand, and the two blade bodies are rotated and sandwiched around the locking portion as a central axis. It is the structure which cut | disconnects.

  In general, the blade body is locked by opening a hole in the central axis portion of the blade body, fitting a locking member therein, and then caulking the two blade bodies. is there.

  In recent years, products using brittle materials such as ceramics have appeared. Such bags are light and easy to use, and further demand is expected in the future. In addition, a technique has been proposed in which an ultra-small heel is mounted on the tip of a treatment instrument used for endoscopic surgery to be inserted into the body, and the lesion in the body is removed. Future demand is expected.

  However, the above-described general blade locking technique can be used when the blade is made of metal or when the blade is somewhat large like a dressmaker, but the blade is made of such a brittle material. It cannot be used when it is used or when it is used for a treatment instrument used for endoscopic surgery to be inserted into the body.

  This is because the former is a brittle material and stress is applied to the blade and breaks, and the latter is because it is ultra-compact and cannot be caulked accurately.

  By the way, in the process of using the scissors, the blade body may become dirty or the blade tip may spill over. In such a case, if the two blades can be separated, it is convenient to clean and easily sharpen the blade edge. A bag having such a configuration has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

The prior art disclosed in Patent Document 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 9 is a drawing rewritten so that the prior art disclosed in Patent Document 1 can be easily explained.
As shown in FIG. 9A, the two blade bodies 601 and 602 are provided with concave portions 603 and 604 at the rotation axis (center axis) XX portion where the two blade bodies overlap and rotate, that is, at the fulcrum portion. Is provided. And it has the elastic pinching piece 501 provided with the convex parts 502 and 503 which mesh with this recessed part. In the figure, the rotation axis XX is indicated by a one-dot chain line.

  As shown in FIG. 9 (b), the elastic pinching piece 501 has a U-shaped cross section and is shaped so that the opening becomes narrower toward the release end portions 504 and 505. When the convex portions 502 and 503 are engaged with the concave portions 603 and 604, an urging force is generated by the release end portions 504 and 505, and the two blade bodies are clamped. And the convex parts 502 and 503 of the elastic pinching piece 501 also serve as the rotating shaft body of the blade body.

  That is, the prior art shown in Patent Document 1 can lock two blades without caulking, and can be separated as necessary. Regarding the separation of the two blades, the blades may be removed by widening the release end portions 504 and 505 against the urging force of the elastic clamping piece 501.

  The applicant paid attention to the fact that the two blades are not fixed by caulking, and considered applying the conventional technique shown in Patent Document 1 to a ridge using a brittle material for the blade and an ultra-small ridge. .

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-35714 (Page 2, FIGS. 1 and 4)

  The prior art shown in Patent Document 1 has a U-shaped cross section and narrows the open end portion to clamp the two blade bodies. For this reason, when trying to prevent the two blades from rattling, trying to fix the two blades more firmly, or trying to obtain a stronger shearing force with the blade edge, the two elastic blades The blade must be pinched more strongly.

  As long as it is a scissors, this is the same whether the blade is made of a brittle material or used for a treatment instrument used for endoscopic surgery to be inserted into the body.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 9 (c), when the blades 601 and 602 are locked, the convex portions 502 and 503 of the elastic sandwiching piece 501 that also serves as the rotary shaft of the blades are inclined and inclined at an angle. It becomes the rotation axis X′-X ′. If it does so, it will not correspond with the rotation axis (rotation axis XX) of the recessed parts 603 and 604 of the blade bodies 601 and 602, and the two blade bodies 601 and 602 will not rotate smoothly. Furthermore, if it is used in such a state, the inner wall of the concave portions 603 and 604 of the blade body and the convex portions 502 and 503 of the elastic sandwich pieces are gnawed, and the blade body does not rotate smoothly. If the body is a brittle material, this portion will break.

  Further, if the size of the concave portions 603 and 604 of the blade body is increased in order to prevent this, the blade bodies 601 and 602 are rattled, and in this case also, the blade body is not smoothly rotated. If the rotation of the blade body is not smooth, there arises a problem that it becomes impossible to generate a shearing force necessary as a scissors.

  In the prior art shown in Patent Document 1, the rotation of the blade body is made smooth, and when the necessary shearing force is obtained, the clamping force of the elastic sandwiching piece must be lowered, and then the two blade bodies are held. It will not be possible. In other words, another problem that the blade body may come off during use of the scissors is caused.

  As a saddle, it is important that the rotation axis of the blade is not shaken, but it is also important that the blade does not come off during use. In particular, it is difficult if the blade provided at the tip of the endoscope treatment tool is detached during the surgical procedure.

  Therefore, it has been found that the prior art disclosed in Patent Document 1 cannot be applied to blades made of brittle materials or ultra-small blades.

  The bag of the present invention is to solve such problems. And the objective is to provide the scissors which can rotate smoothly without choosing the material and size of a blade body, and a blade body rattling.

  In order to achieve the above object, the bag of the present invention adopts the following structure.

A pair of blades that are assembled so as to be rotatable around a rotation axis of a rotary shaft provided in the engaging portion,
The pair of blade bodies has a convex portion covering the periphery of the rotary shaft body on the surface opposite to the surface where the blade bodies face each other,
A cover body configured to expose the blade edge of the blade body, with a concave portion covering the convex portion;
The cover body is characterized by holding the blade bodies by urging the convex portion in the direction of the rotation axis.

  Since it is such a structure, since the rotating shaft body determines the rotating shaft of the blade, the scissors of the present invention can smoothly rotate the blade body without rattling, regardless of the material and size. Since the concave portion of the cover body covers the convex portion of the blade body, the blade body does not come off during use.

  The convex portion may be hemispherical or cylindrical.

  With such a configuration, there is no corner on the contact surface with the cover body, and the blade body can rotate smoothly.

  The rotating shaft may be spherical or cylindrical.

  By adopting such a configuration, in addition to the smooth rotation between the blade bodies, the contact location between the blade bodies can be changed three-dimensionally. Depending on how the blade bodies are gripped, for example, It is convenient that it can be gripped to generate more shear force toward the cutting edge.

  In the spear of the present invention, the rotation shaft body determines the rotation axis of the blade body, and the blade body is clamped by the cover body, so that the blade body does not rattle regardless of the material and size of the blade body. it can.

  The rotating shaft of the blade body is defined by the rotating shaft body, and the blade body is clamped by the cover body. Therefore, even if it is necessary to clamp the blade body more strongly, the rotating shaft of the rotating shaft body does not tilt. The blade can rotate smoothly.

It is drawing which shows typically 1st Embodiment in Example 1 of a scissors, Comprising: It is a top view and the end elevation of a rotating shaft part. It is the perspective view and sectional drawing explaining the cover body in Example 1 of a bag. It is an end view of the rotating shaft part which shows typically 2nd Embodiment in Example 1 of a kite. It is an end view of the rotating shaft part which shows typically 3rd Embodiment in Example 1 of a kite. It is an end view of the rotating shaft part which shows typically 1st Embodiment in Example 2 of a kite. It is an end view of the rotating shaft part which shows typically 2nd Embodiment in Example 2 of a kite. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the endoscope cage | basket of embodiment in the Example 3 of a cage | basket. It is a disassembled perspective view explaining the endoscope scissors of the embodiment in Example 3 of scissors. It is an end view explaining the prior art shown in Patent Document 1.

A feature of the scissors of the present invention is that the blade is rotated and held by separate members.
That is, a rotating shaft body is provided at the fulcrum portion of the pair of blade bodies, and the rotating shaft of the blade body is defined by the rotating shaft body. The blade body has a convex portion covering the periphery of the rotating shaft body. The cover body that holds the two blade bodies is provided with a concave portion that covers this convex portion, and is shaped so that the convex portion of the blade body and the concave portion of the cover body mesh with each other. The blade body is clamped and held by an urging force due to the elasticity of.

  In other words, the rotation of the blade body is defined by the rotating shaft body, and the blade body is held by the cover body, so that the rotation axis between the blade bodies is not shaken, and the blade bodies are pinched by the cover body. It can have a shearing force. Of course, since the blade body and the cover body are not easily detached, the blade body is not removed during use of the scissors.

  Because of this structure, even if the blade body is made of a brittle material such as ceramics, the blade body will not be broken, and it can be operated as an ultra-compact scissors that is provided at the distal end of a treatment instrument for an endoscope. Even during the formula, it can be used without rattling.

Hereinafter, the bag will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
Example 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. Next, Example 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6, and Example 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. In the description, the same number is assigned to the same configuration.

Examples 1 and 2 are examples of so-called western rice cakes. Example 1 shows an example in which the rotating shaft body and the blade body are formed of different members. There are three embodiments depending on the shape of the rotating shaft body and the shape of the convex portion of the blade body covering the rotating shaft body. Example 2 shows an example in which a rotating shaft body and a blade body are integrally formed.
Example 3 is an example of an endoscopic scissors forceps. An example of an embodiment in which the blade material is ceramic of a brittle material will be described.

[Description of First Embodiment in Example 1: FIGS. 1 and 2]
First, the first embodiment in the first embodiment of the kite will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
Fig.1 (a) is a top view of a cage | basket, FIG.1 (b) is the partial expanded end view which expanded the cross section AA of the rotating shaft part of a cage | basket. In addition, FIG.1 (b) represents the blade body shortly in order to make drawing easy to see. 2A and 2B are diagrams for explaining the cover body, in which FIG. 2A is a perspective view, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along a line BB shown in FIG.

  A feature of the first embodiment is that a convex portion is provided on a surface opposite to the facing surface of a pair of blades that are stacked, and the convex portion defines a rotational axis between the blades. It is that it is formed in the column shape in the part which covers a body. Hereinafter, a detailed description will be given with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1 (a), the rod 1 is formed by a pair of blade bodies 11 and 12, grips 51 and 52 fixed to the respective blade bodies, and a cover body 31. ing. The handle of the blade body 11 is a handle 51, and the handle of the blade body 12 is a handle 52.
The two blade bodies are supported so as to be openable and closable while the blade portions intersect with each other, and a cylindrical rotating shaft body 41 is provided at the center thereof. The center of the rotating shaft body 41 is the rotating shaft O of the two blade bodies. The rotation axis O is indicated by a black dot in FIG. 1A and a one-dot chain line in FIG.

  Each blade body is clamped by the urging force of the cover body 31. And the cover body 31 is formed in the dimension which the blade part and handle of a blade body are fully exposed, and the function is exhibited.

  Therefore, the user of the heel 1 puts his / her fingers in the holes of the grips 51 and 52, and opens and closes, whereby the two blades rotate about the rotation axis O and are squeezed and slid against each other. Cut the sandwiched material.

  As shown in FIG.1 (b), the blade bodies 11 and 12 have the engaging parts 111 and 121 in the surface which each blade body overlaps and opposes. These engaging portions are spaces (groove structures) in which the rotating shaft body 41 is placed.

  That is, when the two blade bodies are combined, the two engaging portions form a cylindrical space, and the cylindrical rotating shaft body 41 enters therein. The space by two engaging parts and the rotating shaft body 41 have opened some space. For example, the rotating shaft body 41 is formed slightly smaller than the space.

  The rotating shaft body 41 is arranged so that the rotating shaft O of the two blade bodies is the center thereof. That is, the center in plan view of the space in which the rotating shaft body 41 of the engaging portions 111 and 121 enters is made the same as the center of the rotating shaft body 41.

  Convex portions 112 and 122 are formed on the surface opposite to the surface where the blades face each other. The convex portions 112 and 122 cover the rotary shaft body 41 so that the center in plan view is the same as the center of the rotary shaft body 41. In the example shown in the figure, the two blade bodies are thick. It is a columnar projection formed by doing.

  The cover body 31 includes a base portion 311 and a pair of leg portions 312 and 313, and the leg portions 312 and 313 are arranged to face each other so as to sandwich the blade bodies 11 and 12. Although the detailed structure of the cover body 31 will be described later, the base 311 has a thin shape so as not to obstruct the opening and closing of the two blade bodies.

  The cover body 31 has guide portions 318 and 319 at the distal end portion, and concave portions 314 and 315 are formed at substantially intermediate portions. Each of the recesses 314 and 315 is a cylindrical indent (also referred to as a groove) and is formed on the same axis so as to be fitted to the projections 112 and 122 of the two blade bodies.

  And since the cover body 31 is urged | biased in the direction in which a leg part closes because a pair of leg parts 312 and 313 are connected by the base part 311, the bottom face of the hole of the recessed parts 314 and 315 is carried out by the elasticity. The structure which presses each upper surface of the convex parts 112 and 122 of two blade bodies, and clamps a blade body is formed. That is, the clamping pressure between the two blade bodies is based on the biasing force generated by the elasticity of the cover body 31, not the rotating shaft body or the blade body itself.

  That is, the rotation shaft body 41, the engaging portions 111 and 121, the convex portions 112 and 122, and the concave portions 314 and 315 are arranged so that their centers coincide. In this way, the rotation axis O is defined.

  With such a configuration, the rotation axis O does not shake. The coincidence of the centers is an ideal case, and of course, it may include a manufacturing error that occurs when the bag 1 is manufactured. What is important is that the rotation axis O does not shake when the two blades rotate, that is, they do not rattle. Each part is manufactured and assembled within such a range.

Thus, the blade 1 is defined so that the two blade bodies are clamped by the cover body 31 and the rotation axis O is not shaken by the rotation shaft body 41. Since the pressing and rotation of the blade body are configured by separate members, the two blade bodies rotate smoothly around the rotation axis O while having a shearing force.

  That is, the scissors 1 can be a smooth scissors with no shakiness in the operation of the blade body. Of course, with this configuration, the effect can be obtained regardless of whether the blade body is a brittle material or is very small.

[Structure of cover body: FIGS. 2 and 1]
Next, the cover body 31 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 2 and FIG. 1 as appropriate.
As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the cover body 31 is composed of a pair of leg portions 312 and 313 that are opposed to each other from the base portion 311 toward the tip end of the leg portions 312 and 313. Concave portions 314 and 315 are formed at substantially intermediate portions of the opposing surfaces. Each of the recesses 314 and 315 is a cylindrical recess and is formed on the same axis, and bottom surfaces 316 and 317 are formed. Then, guide portions 318 and 319 which are inclined surfaces from the tips of the leg portions 312 and 313 toward the concave portions 314 and 315 are provided.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, the cover body 31, the blade body 11, and the blade body 12 are assembled by first engaging the engaging portions 111, 121 of the pair of blade bodies with the rotary shaft body 41 to face each other. Stack on the surface. The shapes of the blade body 11 and the blade body 12, especially the shapes of the engaging portions 111 and 121, are such that the center of the rotating shaft body 41 overlaps the rotating shaft O as already described.

  Next, in this state, the cover body 31 is inserted from the front end direction. At this time, the front end portion of the cover body 31 has guide portions 318 and 319 having a gradually reduced thickness. The convex portions 112 and 122 of the blade body are gradually inserted into the cover body 31 while being pushed and spread so as to slide the inclination of the guide portions 318 and 319. This guide portion allows the blade body 112 to be smoothly moved without being caught when the convex portions 112 and 122 are introduced.

  Since the bottom surfaces 316 and 317 of the concave portions 314 and 315 of the cover body 31 are in contact with the upper portions of the convex portions 112 and 122 of the two blade bodies, a known surface treatment (for example, formation of a DLC film) is performed on these portions. For example, both sides may be made smooth. In this way, the blade body 11 and the blade body 12 can rotate more smoothly.

[Description of Second Embodiment in Example 1: FIGS. 3 and 1]
Next, a second embodiment in Example 1 of the kite will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged end view of the rotary shaft portion of the bag, and shows the same portion as FIG. 1B already described. Note that FIG. 3 also shows the blade body short for easy viewing of the drawing.

A feature of the second embodiment is that a convex portion provided on the blade body covering the rotating shaft body is formed in a hemispherical shape.
As shown in FIG. 3, the concave portion of the cover body covering the convex portion provided on the blade body has a smooth spherical shape. In other words, the shape of the engagement between the blade body and the cover body is a hemispherical shape (also referred to as a spherical shape) in the second embodiment, compared to a cylindrical shaft shape in the first embodiment. Hereinafter, a detailed description will be given with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the blade body 13 and the blade body 14 have engaging portions 131 and 141 on the surfaces where the blade bodies are overlapped and opposed to each other. Convex portions 132 and 142 formed in a hemispherical shape are provided on the surface opposite to the surface where the blades face each other. The convex portions 132 and 142 are coaxial with the engaging portions 131 and 141 and cover the rotating shaft body 41.

  The cover body 32 differs from the first embodiment only in that the shape of the concave portions 324 and 325 in the substantially intermediate portions of the opposing surfaces of the leg portions 322 and 323 is a hemispherical recess. As for the configuration of the other cover bodies, the base portion 321, the leg portions 322 and 323, and the guide portions 326 and 327 are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  The rotating shaft body 41, the engaging portions 131 and 141, the convex portions 132 and 142, and the concave portions 324 and 325 are arranged so that the centers thereof coincide with each other, and this point is also the same as in the first embodiment.

  As described above, since the convex portions 132 and 142 of the blade body and the concave portions 324 and 325 of the cover body have a spherical shape, the blade body 13 and the blade body 14 are pinched by the urging force due to the elasticity of the cover body 32. However, the contact surfaces of the concave portions 324 and 325 and the convex portions 132 and 142 have no corners, and the blade body can be smoothly rotated, so that a light operational feeling can be realized.

[Description of Third Embodiment in Example 1: FIG. 4]
Next, a third embodiment in the first embodiment of the kite will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged end view of the rotary shaft portion of the bag, and shows the same portions as those of FIGS. 1B and 3 described above. Note that FIG. 4 also shows the blade body short for easy viewing of the drawing.

  A feature of the third embodiment is that the rotating shaft is a sphere. As shown in FIG. 4, the rotating shaft body that defines the rotating shaft of the blade body is not a columnar shape as in the embodiment described above but a spherical shape. Hereinafter, a detailed description will be given with reference to the drawings.

  The difference between the example shown in FIG. 4 (a) and the example shown in FIG. 4 (b) is the difference in the shape of the convex portion that wraps the spherical rotating shaft. The convex part shown to Fig.4 (a) is cylindrical shape, and the convex part shown to FIG.4 (b) is hemispherical shape.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, the blade body 15 and the blade body 16 are provided with hemispherical engaging portions 151 and 161 on the surfaces facing each other, and are fitted to the rotary shaft body 42. .

  That is, when the two blades are put together, the two engaging portions form a spherical space, and the spherical rotating shaft 42 enters therein. The space by two engaging parts and the rotating shaft body 42 have opened some space. For example, the rotating shaft body 42 is formed slightly smaller than the space.

  Of course, the center of the rotating shaft 42 and the centers of the engaging portions 151 and 161 are the same as in the embodiment already described. The blade body 15 and the blade body 16 are formed so as to be rotatable about a spherical rotary shaft 42 as a fulcrum.

  A cover body 31 shown in FIG. 4A has a configuration in which the convex portions 152 and 162 of the blade body 15 and the blade body 16 are clamped, and has the same configuration as the cover body 31 of the first embodiment. Therefore, the same number is given, and since the description overlaps, it is omitted.

  In the example shown in FIG. 4B, convex portions 172 and 182 of the blade body 17 and the blade body 18 are formed in a hemispherical shape. That is, the cover body that clamps the blade body 17 and the blade body 18 has the same configuration as the cover body 32 of the second embodiment. Therefore, the same number is given, and since the description overlaps, it is omitted.

In this way, by making the rotating shaft into a spherical shape, the blades can rotate in a smooth manner, and the contact location between the blades can be changed three-dimensionally. Depending on the way of gripping, for example, it is convenient to grip so as to generate more shearing force toward the cutting edge.

[Description of First Embodiment in Example 2: FIG. 5]
Next, the first embodiment of the bag example 2 will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged end view of the rotary shaft portion of the bag, and shows the same portions as those of FIGS. 1B, 3 and 4 already described.

  The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the blade body and the rotary shaft body are integrally formed. As in the embodiment already described, the rotating shaft is not formed separately, but is formed integrally with one of the blades. Hereinafter, a detailed description will be given with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the scissors have a blade body 19 and a blade body 12. Since the blade body 12 and the cover body 31 that are paired with the blade body 19 have the same shape as the blade body 12 and the cover body 31 of the first embodiment of Example 1 already described, the same numbers are given. The description thereof is omitted.

  The blade body 19 is provided with a cylindrical protrusion on the surface where the two blade bodies face each other, and this protrusion serves as a rotating shaft body 191. The blade body 12 is provided with an engaging portion 121. The center of the rotating shaft body 191 and the center of the engaging portion 121 are the same as in the embodiment described above.

  A cylindrical convex portion 192 is formed on the surface of the blade body 19 opposite to the surface where the two blade bodies face each other so as to cover the rotary shaft body 191 in a plane. And these two blade bodies are pinched with the cover body 31. FIG. Since it is such a shape, the rotating shaft body 191 of the blade body 19 and the engaging part 121 of the blade body 12 are fitted, and the blade body 19 and the blade body 12 are formed to be rotatable.

  According to the configuration described above, since the rotating shaft body is not configured as a separate body, the number of parts can be reduced, and assembly is easy. Of course, since the feature that the rotation of the blade body and the pressing between the blade bodies are constituted by different members does not change, there is no rattling in the operation of the blade body, and it can be made smooth and sharp. .

[Explanation of Second Embodiment in Example 2: FIG. 6]
Next, the second embodiment of the bag example 2 will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged end view of the rotary shaft portion of the bag, and shows the same portions as those of FIGS. 1B and 3 to 5 described above.

  Although the second embodiment in Example 2 and the first embodiment in Example 1 shown in FIG. 5 coincide with each other in that one of the pair of blade bodies is formed integrally with the rotating shaft body, The shape of the rotating shaft is not a cylindrical projection but a spherical shape. Hereinafter, a detailed description will be given with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the scissors have a blade body 20 and a blade body 16. The blade body 16 that makes a pair with the blade body 20 has the same shape as the cover body 31 of the first embodiment in Example 1 and the blade body 16 of the third embodiment in Example 1 and the cover body 31. The same detailed numbers are assigned, and the description thereof is omitted.

The blade body 20 is provided with a hemispherical protrusion on the surface where the two blade bodies face each other, and this protrusion serves as the rotating shaft body 201. The blade body 16 is provided with an engaging portion 161. Rotating shaft 20
The center of 1 and the center of the engaging portion 161 coincide with each other as in the above-described embodiment.

  A cylindrical convex portion 202 is formed on the surface of the blade body 20 opposite to the surface where the two blade bodies face each other so as to cover the rotary shaft body 201 in a plane. And these two blade bodies are pinched with the cover body 31. FIG. Since it is such a shape, the rotating shaft body 201 of the blade body 20 and the engaging part 161 of the blade body 16 are fitted, and the blade body 20 and the blade body 16 are formed to be rotatable.

  According to the configuration described above, since the rotating shaft body is not configured as a separate body, the number of parts can be reduced, and assembly is easy. Of course, the feature that the rotation of the blade and the pressing of the blades are composed of separate members does not change, so there is no rattling in the operation of the blade and it can be made smooth and sharp. In addition, since the contact location between the blade bodies can be changed three-dimensionally, depending on how the handle of the scissors is gripped, for example, it can be gripped to generate more shearing force toward the blade edge. And convenient.

  In the example of the second embodiment described above, the rotary shaft body is integrated with the upper blade body in the drawing view, but it goes without saying that the rotary shaft body may be integrated with the lower blade body in the drawing view.

[Description of Embodiment of Example 3: FIGS. 7 and 8]
Next, an embodiment of the endoscopic scissors forceps of Example 3 will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an ultra-compact scissors forceps provided at the distal end of a treatment tool at the distal end of the endoscope, and FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of the scissors forceps for endoscope.

A feature of the embodiment of Example 3 is that it is ultra-compact.
In this scissors forceps, as in the second embodiment of Example 1 shown in FIG. 3, the convex portion covering the rotating shaft body that defines the rotating shafts of the two blade bodies has a hemispherical shape. In this example, the blade is made of a brittle material, for example, ceramics.

  Needless to say, ceramics has a shape in which stress concentration occurs, for example, if there is a through-hole, there is a risk of breakage, and it is necessary to avoid the stress concentration as much as possible. That is, in this embodiment, since the engaging portion of the blade body is formed in a blind hole and stress concentration is avoided, the eyelid of the second embodiment of Example 1 shown in FIG. 3 is used for an ultra-small endoscope. This is an example of using a forceps. Hereinafter, a detailed description will be given with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the endoscope scissors forceps 2 is formed of a pair of blade bodies 21, 22, a cover body 33, and a link mechanism 34.

  The cover body 33 has a shape in which a cylindrical material is cut, and includes a base portion 331 and a pair of leg portions 332 and 333, and the blade bodies 21 and 22 are interposed between the pair of leg portions 332 and 333. The link mechanism 34 is accommodated.

  The link mechanism 34 couples a rod 341 communicating with an operation unit of an endoscope (not shown) and a pair of blade bodies 21 and 22 by links 342 and 343 (see FIG. 8). When the rod 341 is moved up and down in the direction of the arrow C, the pair of blade bodies 21 and 22 are rotated and opened and closed to enable a cutting operation.

As shown in FIG. 8, the blade bodies 21 and 22 have engaging portions that fit into the rotary shaft body 43 on the surfaces where the blade bodies face each other. Although FIG. 8 shows a state in which the blade body 22 has the engaging portion 221, the blade body 21 also has any engaging portion. Then, the rotary shaft body 43 is housed in these engaging portions, and the two blade bodies are formed so as to be openable and closable with the center as the rotational shaft. And like the example already demonstrated, the hemispherical convex parts 212 and 222 which cover this rotating shaft are formed in the surface opposite to the surface where each blade body opposes.

  In the cover body 33, concave portions 334 and 335, which are hemispherical depressions, are formed at the tip portions of the pair of leg portions 332 and 333, and engage with the convex portions 212 and 222 of the blade bodies 21 and 22. The tip portions of the leg portions 332 and 333 are inclined so as to correspond to the guide portion described in the above-described embodiment. For this reason, the concave portions 334 and 335 are formed into perfect hemispherical dents. Absent.

  The recesses 334 and 335 sandwich the projections 212 and 222 of the blade bodies 21 and 222 by the elasticity of the base portion 331 of the cover body 33 and the pair of leg portions 332 and 333, and the sandwiching force between the blades of the blade body A shearing force is generated to improve the sharpness.

  Of course, the center of the rotating shaft body 43, the engaging portion 221, the convex portions 212 and 222, and the concave portions 334 and 335 coincides with each other as in the example already described. Of course, although not shown, it is needless to say that the blade body 21 also has an engaging portion that houses the rotating shaft 43, and the center of this engaging portion also coincides.

  Since the concave portions 334 and 335 and the convex portions 212 and 222 are spherical, the contact surface has no corners, and the blade body can be smoothly rotated, so that an endoscopic forceps for light operation can be provided. .

  Because of such a configuration, even if the blade is made of a brittle material such as a ceramic material, the engaging portion that fits into the rotating shaft is a blind hole, and the convex portion to which the urging force is applied is a smooth hemisphere Because it is formed in a shape or spherical shape, there is no damage due to stress concentration, and it is sharp and has no shakiness even during the surgical procedure, even as an ultra-compact scissors that is provided at the tip of a treatment instrument for an endoscope An endoscopic scissors forceps can be provided. Furthermore, because a ceramic blade is used, it is possible to cope with metal allergy in a living body, and it is possible to provide an endoscopic scissors forceps that does not cause a fire or malfunction even in open MRI surgery.

  Thus, the scissors of the present invention are characteristic in that the blade is rotated and held by separate members. In other words, the rotation of the blade body is defined by the rotating shaft body, and the blade body is held by the cover body, so that the rotation axis between the blade bodies is not shaken, and the blade bodies are pinched by the cover body. It can have a shearing force. Of course, since the blade body and the cover body are not easily detached, the blade body is not removed during use of the scissors.

  It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment of the bag, it is not necessary to perform all of them, and various modifications and omissions may be made within the scope of the contents described in the claims. It goes without saying that you can do it. For example, the spherical rotary shaft of the third embodiment in Example 1 shown in FIG. 4 may be used for the endoscopic scissors forceps of Example 3.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to configure a bag with smooth rotation without rattling. It is particularly suitable for lightweight and small bags.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 鋏 2 Endoscope forceps 11-22 Blade 31-33 Cover 34 Link mechanism 41-43, 191, 201 Rotating shaft 51, 52 Handle 111, 121, 131, 141, 151, 161, 221 Joint part 112,122,132,142,152,162,172,182,192,202,212,222 Convex part 311,321,331 Base 312,313,322,323,332,333 Leg part 314,315 324, 325, 334, 335 Recessed portion 318, 319, 326, 327 Guide portion 341 Rod 342, 343 Link

Claims (3)

A pair of blades that are assembled so as to be rotatable around a rotation axis of a rotary shaft provided in the engaging portion,
The pair of blade bodies has a convex portion covering the periphery of the rotary shaft body on a surface opposite to a surface where the blade bodies face each other.
A cover body configured to expose a cutting edge of the blade body, and a concave portion that covers the convex portion;
The said cover body is urging | biasing the said convex part to the said rotating shaft direction, and is holding the said blade bodies.   The ridge according to claim 1, wherein the convex portion has a hemispherical shape or a cylindrical shape. The bag according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotating shaft body has a spherical shape or a cylindrical shape.

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