JP2015034354A - Sheath-core structure conjugate spun yarn, woven or knitted fabric including the same, and method for producing them - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sheath-core structure conjugate spun yarn with high stretch ability (elasticity), a woven or knitted fabric including the same, and a method for producing them.SOLUTION: A sheath-core structure conjugate spun yarn (1) includes a core component that is an elastic fiber (3) or a filament yarn including an elastic fiber and a sheath component including a short fiber (2) with a gap portion (5) around the elastic fiber (3). When producing the sheath-core structure conjugate spun yarn (1) by ring spinning, the gap portion (5) is formed around the elastic fiber by; including a soluble fiber (4) in the core component and/or the sheath component; forming a spun yarn or forming a woven or knitted fabric; and then dissolving and removing the soluble fiber. Since the elastic fiber is therefore not restricted by the short fiber in the sheath component and a degree of freedom is kept, it is possible to maintain stretch ability high and to reduce an amount of use of the elastic fiber.

Description

  The present invention relates to a core-sheath composite spun yarn having stretchability, a woven or knitted fabric using the same, and a method for producing them.

  The core-sheath composite spun yarn is also called a core spun yarn, and is used for elastic fabrics such as denim fabrics, sports clothing fabrics, and women's innerwear fabrics. As a conventional technique, Patent Document 1 proposes a core span yarn in which a core component is a polyurethane elastic yarn and a sheath component is cotton. Patent Document 2 proposes a core spun yarn in which the core component is at least two component fibers selected from trimethylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate (composite spinning fiber), and the sheath component is cotton. Patent Document 3 proposes a conjugate fiber (composite spun fiber) made of polyurethane elastic yarn, trimethylene terephthalate and polyethylene terephthalate as a core component, and a core spun yarn whose sheath component is cotton.

JP 2002-155442 A Special table 2008-531859 gazette JP 2008-297646 A

  However, the woven or knitted fabric using the conventional core-sheath composite spun yarn has a problem of low stretchability.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention provides a highly stretchable core-sheath structure composite spun yarn, a woven or knitted fabric using the same, and a method for producing them.

  The core-sheath composite spun yarn of the present invention is a core-sheath composite spun yarn in which the core component is an elastic fiber or a filament yarn containing an elastic fiber, and the sheath component is a short fiber, It is characterized by the presence of voids.

  The woven or knitted fabric of the present invention is a woven or knitted fabric including the core-sheath structure composite spun yarn.

  The method for producing a core-sheath composite spun yarn of the present invention is a method for producing a core-sheath composite spun yarn in which the core component is an elastic fiber or a filament yarn containing an elastic fiber, and the sheath component contains a short fiber, When producing a core-sheath composite spun yarn by fine spinning, a soluble fiber is put in the core component and / or sheath component to obtain a core-sheath composite spun yarn, and then the soluble fiber is dissolved and removed. It is characterized by.

  The method for producing a woven or knitted fabric of the present invention is a method for producing a woven or knitted fabric using at least a core-sheath composite spun yarn in which the core component is an elastic fiber or a filament yarn containing an elastic fiber and the sheath component contains a short fiber. When producing a core-sheath composite spun yarn by ring spinning, a soluble fiber is put in the core component and / or sheath component, and the soluble fiber is dissolved and removed after forming the woven or knitted fabric. To do.

  In the present invention, the presence of voids around the elastic fiber at the core of the core-sheath composite spun yarn, the elastic fiber is not constrained by the short fibers of the sheath component, and the degree of freedom is maintained. Can be kept high. In addition, the amount of elastic fiber used can be reduced.

FIG. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a core-sheath composite spun yarn before melting according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the core-sheath composite spun yarn after dissolution. FIG. 2A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a core-sheath composite spun yarn before melting according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the core-sheath composite spun yarn after dissolution. FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view showing an apparatus for producing a core-sheath composite spun yarn according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  The present inventors examined why conventional stretch fabrics have low stretchability. As a result, when the conventional core-sheath composite spun yarn (core spun yarn) is made into a yarn by the ring spinning process, the short fiber of the sheath component is wound around the elastic fiber of the core component, and the elastic fiber is restrained from the outside. I thought it would end up. When the outer side of the elastic fiber is constrained by the short fiber, the elastic fiber cannot freely move and restricts the stretchability. In order to improve this, the idea that a void portion should be formed around the elastic fiber was obtained. The present invention has been completed by studying from such an idea.

  The core-sheath composite spun yarn (core spun yarn) of the present invention is an elastic fiber or a filament yarn containing an elastic fiber, and the sheath component contains a short fiber. There are voids around the elastic fiber of the core component of the core spun yarn. For example, in the case of a woven fabric, the core span yarn may be all of warp and weft, or may be used for either warp or weft. Or it can also apply only to the part which needs stretchability partially. The knitting may be used for the whole, and can be applied to a portion or a yarn that requires stretchability. Particularly preferred is the case where it is used as a weft of a woven fabric.

  The void portion is preferably formed by dissolving and removing soluble fibers. Examples of the soluble fiber include water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fiber. The soluble fiber may be a filament yarn or a short fiber. The step of dissolving and removing the soluble fiber may be at the spun yarn stage or at the knitted fabric stage. Dissolution removal can be performed by immersing in heated water. It may also serve as a process such as a bleaching process or a dyeing process (yarn dyeing, fabric dyeing). By dissolving and removing this soluble fiber, the short fiber in the sheath part weakens the force of restraining the elastic fiber in the core part, so that the stretchability of the woven or knitted fabric is improved.

  The core component may be a polyurethane filament yarn (elastic fiber) or a combination of a polyurethane filament yarn and a polyester conjugate filament yarn. Polyurethane elastic yarn is also called spandex and is well known as stretch yarn. The combined use of a polyurethane filament yarn and a polyester-based conjugate filament yarn has been proposed, for example, in Patent Document 3, but has a property of high stretch recovery rate.

  The short fiber of the sheath component may be any of natural fibers such as cotton, hemp, and wool, chemical fibers such as rayon, cupra, and acetate, synthetic fibers such as polyethylene terephthalate, nylon, and acrylic, or a combination thereof. Of these, cotton or a blend of cotton and synthetic fiber is preferred. This is because cotton is highly water-absorbing and hygroscopic and good for the skin.

  For stretch fabrics such as woven and knitted fabrics using the core spun yarn of the present invention, the preferred stretch property is 30% or more (the original length of 1.1) as defined by the JISL 1096 (2010) 8.16.1 B method. 3 times) or more.

  In the method of the present invention, when a core-sheath composite spun yarn (core spun yarn) is made into a yarn in the ring spinning process, a soluble fiber is put in the core component and / or sheath component, and the spun yarn is formed or woven. After forming the knitted fabric, the soluble fiber is dissolved and removed to form a void around the elastic fiber. It is preferable to add a soluble fiber to the sheath component. In particular, it is preferable that the sheath component is further formed into a core-sheath shape, the core component is a soluble fiber, and the sheath component is a short fiber. The weight ratio of the elastic fiber is about 0.5 to 5% by weight, and the weight ratio of the soluble fiber is about 0.5 to 3% by weight. Moreover, as for the weight ratio of a core component (A) and a sheath component (B), A: B = 0.5-20: 80-99.5 is preferable.

  The fineness of the core-sheath composite spun yarn (core spun yarn) of the present invention is preferably an English count of 3 to 150. It can be used with a single yarn, or it can be used with a plurality of twin yarns or more.

  Examples of the woven fabric applicable to the present invention include plain weave, oblique weave (twill weave), satin weave, altered plain weave, altered oblique weave, altered satin weave, altered weave, crest weave, single layer weave, double structure, multiple structure, warp There are pile weaves, weft pile weaves, tangle weaves, etc. In particular, the denim fabric is preferably a twill weave (twill weave), and examples thereof include 2/1, 3/1, 2/2, 1/2, 1/3, heribbon, and Yamagata italic. The knitting includes round knitting, weft knitting, warp knitting, pile knitting, etc., flat knitting, tengu knitting, rib knitting, smooth knitting (double-sided knitting), rubber knitting, pearl knitting, denby organization, cord organization, atlas organization, There is a chain stitch structure and an insertion structure.

  This will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings, the same symbols indicate the same items. FIG. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a core-sheath composite spun yarn before melting according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the core-sheath composite spun yarn after dissolution. First, as shown in FIG. 1A, when the core-sheath composite spun yarn 1 is made into a yarn in the ring spinning process, soluble fibers 4 (one) are put in the core component, and after forming the woven / knitted fabric, the core component is formed. As shown in FIG. 1B, void portions 5 are formed around the elastic fiber 3 by dissolving and removing the soluble fiber 4 existing around the fiber. Thereby, since the elastic fiber 3 is not restrained by the short fiber 2 of the sheath component and maintains a degree of freedom, the stretch property can be maintained high, and the amount of the elastic fiber used can be reduced. In addition, the soluble fiber 4 before dissolution removal does not need to be in contact with the elastic fiber 3, and short fibers exist between the soluble fiber and the elastic fiber as long as the stretchability can be maintained. There is no problem. In addition, the figure is a schematic diagram, and the void portion does not always look as clear as in the schematic diagram, but by dissolving and removing the soluble fiber, the short fiber in the sheath part constrains the elastic fiber in the core part. Since the strength is weakened, the stretchability of the woven or knitted fabric is improved.

  FIG. 2A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a core-sheath composite spun yarn before melting in another example of the present invention, and FIG. 2B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the core-sheath composite spun yarn after dissolution. What is different from FIG. 1 is a portion where two soluble fibers 9 are used. Since the soluble fiber 9 is dissolved, the gap portion 10 can be formed between the short fiber 7.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view showing a method for producing a core-sheath composite spun yarn of one embodiment of the present invention. In this manufacturing method, spinning is performed using the ring spinning machine 11. Short fiber rovings 15 are supplied from a back roller 12 of the ring spinning machine 11 and drafted in a draft zone 13 to make the rovings thinner and guided to a front roller 14. The short fiber roving 15 has a cotton fiber as the outer layer and dissolvable fibers as the inner layer. On the other hand, the elastic fiber filament yarn is supplied from the upstream side of the front roller 14 as the core component filament yarn 16. The core component filament yarn (elastic fiber filament yarn) 16 is united with the drafted coarse yarn and twisted by passing through the ring 18 while rotating the spindle 17 to form a core-sheath structure composite spun yarn (core span yarn) 19. . The core component filament yarn 16 (elastic fiber filament yarn) is preferably supplied to the ring spinning machine in a state of being stretched by 1.5 to 5.0%.

  The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples. In addition, this invention is not limited to the following Example.

<Measurement method>
The stretchability of the woven fabric is measured by the following method.
(1) Elongation rate: JISL1096 (2010) 8.16.1 B method (2) Elongation recovery rate 30S: JISL1096 (2010) 8.16.2 B-1 method (3) Elongation recovery rate 1H: JISL1096 (2010) 8.16.2 B-1 Method In addition, the washing test used JISL1096 (2010) 8-39 F-2 method, and tumble drying was performed at 80 degreeC for 30 minutes.

Example 1
As an elastic fiber, a filament yarn having a product name “Lycra” (polyurethane fiber) and a fineness of 70 denier (about 78 deci tex) was used. As a soluble fiber, a spun yarn of water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol yarn manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., a fineness of 1.7 deci tex, and a fiber length of 38 mm were used. This soluble fiber was previously arranged in the inner layer of the cotton roving. That is, it was set as the roving which arrange | positioned the cotton fiber in the sheath and the soluble fiber in the core. This coarse yarn was supplied from the back roller 12 of the ring spinning machine 11 shown in FIG. 3, and the polyurethane filament yarn was supplied from the upstream side of the front roller 14. When the front roller 14 was removed, the two were combined and subjected to Z-direction twist (twist coefficient K = 4.5) to obtain a core-sheath composite spun yarn (core spun yarn) of English number 20 . When this core spun yarn was immersed in hot water at 90 ° C. for 20 minutes, the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol spun yarn was dissolved and removed.

  The core spun yarn of Example 1 was used as the weft, and the cotton spun yarn (20th) was used as the warp to obtain the denim fabric shown in Table 1. Then, the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol spun yarn was dissolved and removed by immersion treatment at 90 ° C. for 20 minutes with hot water. Conditions and results will be summarized later.

(Example 2)
Instead of using the product name “Lycra” made by Toray Operontec as the elastic fiber, it was carried out except that the product name “Roika” (polyurethane fiber) fineness: 70 denier (about 78 deci tex) was used. Performed as in Example 1. Conditions and results will be summarized later.

(Comparative Example 1)
The same as Example 1 except that no soluble fiber was used and two filament yarns having a product name “Lycra” (polyurethane fiber) and 70 denier (about 78 deci tex) were used as elastic fibers. Implemented. Conditions and results will be summarized later.

  From Table 1, it was confirmed that the products of Examples 1 and 2 had a high elongation rate and a high elongation recovery rate after 1 hour, although the ratio of polyurethane fibers was half that of the product of Comparative Example 1. In other words, the products of Examples 1 and 2 were able to maintain a high stretchability, and the amount of elastic fibers used could be reduced. The reason for this is that the elastic fiber is not constrained by the short fiber of the sheath component, and the degree of freedom is maintained by the presence of a void portion around the elastic fiber of the core portion of the core-sheath structure composite spun yarn. Guessed.

  When the denim trousers were sewed using the fabrics of Examples 1 and 2 and tested for wear, the fabric was stretched more than the conventional products, and the wear feeling and comfort were good.

  The woven or knitted fabric of the present invention can be applied to stretchable fabrics such as sports clothing fabrics, innerwear fabrics, leotard fabrics, costume fabrics, and homewear fabrics in addition to denim fabrics.

1,6,19 Core-sheath composite spun yarn (core spun yarn)
2,7 Short fiber 3,8 Elastic fiber 4,9 Dissolvable fiber 5,10 Cavity 11 Ring spinning machine 12 Back roller 13 Draft zone 14 Front roller 15 Coarse yarn 16 Core component filament yarn (elastic fiber filament yarn)
17 Spindle 18 Ring

Claims (8)

The core component is an elastic fiber or a filament yarn containing an elastic fiber, and the sheath component is a core-sheath structure composite spun yarn containing a short fiber,
A core-sheath structure composite spun yarn, wherein a void portion is present around the elastic fiber.   The core-sheath composite spun yarn according to claim 1, wherein the void portion is formed by dissolving and removing soluble fibers.   The core-sheath composite spun yarn according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the core component is a polyurethane filament yarn or a combination of a polyurethane filament yarn and a polyester conjugate filament yarn.   The core-sheath structure composite spun yarn according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the core-sheath structure composite spun yarn has stretch properties.   A woven or knitted fabric comprising the core-sheath structure composite spun yarn according to any one of claims 1 to 4.   The woven or knitted fabric according to claim 5, wherein the woven or knitted fabric is a stretch fabric. The core component is an elastic fiber or a filament yarn containing an elastic fiber, and the sheath component is a method for producing a core-sheath structure composite spun yarn containing short fibers,
When producing a core-sheath composite spun yarn by ring spinning, a soluble fiber is put in the core component and / or sheath component to obtain a core-sheath composite spun yarn, and then the soluble fiber is dissolved and removed. A method for producing a core-sheath composite spun yarn characterized by the above. A core component is an elastic fiber or a filament yarn containing elastic fiber, and a sheath component is a method for producing a woven or knitted fabric using at least a core-sheath structure composite spun yarn containing short fibers,
When producing a core-sheath composite spun yarn by ring spinning, a soluble fiber is put in the core component and / or the sheath component, and after forming the woven or knitted fabric, the soluble fiber is dissolved and removed. Manufacturing method of woven or knitted fabric.

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