JP2015029488A - Moving cultivation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem in which: a watering work to each cultivation bench 10 cannot be performed before the restoration of a failure when circulating transportation of each cultivation bench 10 becomes inoperable because of a power failure or an unexpected trouble in a closed-loop shaped moving cultivation device 1 which circulates a plurality of cultivation benches 10 cultivating a fruit vegetable or the like.SOLUTION: A cultivation bench 10 comprises: a planter 2 which cultivates a fruit vegetable or the like; and an accommodation housing 27 on which the planter 2 is mounted. An accommodation housing 27 includes a receiving gutter 14 into which a bottom side of the planter 2 is inserted. The receiving gutter 14 is formed capable of storing water to supply water from the bottom side of the planter 2.

Description

  The present invention relates to a mobile cultivation apparatus capable of cultivating fruit vegetables such as vegetables and flower buds in a densely planted state.

  Conventionally, a technique for cultivating fruit vegetables and the like using a plurality of horizontally long cultivation benches is known. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a closed-loop mobile cultivation apparatus that circulates and conveys a plurality of cultivation benches. In the mobile cultivation apparatus of Patent Document 1, a closed loop is formed by a pair of transport conveyors arranged in parallel with the transport directions opposite to each other and a pair of guide devices connecting the two transport conveyors. And the comb-shaped rod which moves a cultivation bench group to the longitudinal direction (henceforth longitudinal direction) of each guide device, the actuator for movement which moves a comb-shaped rod to the vertical direction, and the actuator for rotation which rotates a comb-shaped rod And. Each cultivation bench is circulated and conveyed in a closed loop by interlocking the vertical conveyance of each comb-shaped rod and the horizontal conveyance of each conveyance conveyor.

  Both conveying conveyors are provided with an irrigation device for spraying water toward a cultivation bench strain that is conveyed in the lateral direction by the respective conveying conveyors. For example, when strawberry is cultivated with a mobile cultivation device, it is necessary to spray water once or twice a day on the stock of each cultivation bench. Therefore, the closed loop circulation conveyance of each cultivation bench in strawberry cultivation is performed about once or twice a day.

JP 2010-57448 A

  By the way, in the mobile cultivation apparatus of patent document 1, if it falls into the state which cannot carry out circulation conveyance of each cultivation bench by troubles, such as a power failure and an unexpected failure, it will become impossible to perform the irrigation operation | work of each cultivation bench until recovery. In this case, there is a problem that the worker has to water each cultivation bench manually, and the physical burden on the worker is large. In particular, when strawberries are cultivated with a mobile cultivation device, if the soil in each cultivation bench dries, root damage is caused to inhibit the growth of the strain, and there is also a risk that the strain will die.

  This invention is made | formed as a technical subject to provide the mobile cultivation apparatus which examined the present conditions as mentioned above and aimed at the improvement.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, a closed loop is formed by a pair of transport conveyors arranged in parallel with the transport directions opposite to each other, and a pair of guide devices connecting between the two transport conveyors, and is on each of the transport conveyors. A pair of transfer devices for moving the cultivation bench toward the guide device on the downstream side of conveyance; and driving the transfer devices to convey a plurality of cultivation benches on the guide devices in a ball shape, and the closed loop In the mobile cultivation apparatus that circulates the plurality of cultivation benches, each cultivation bench includes a cultivation tank for cultivating fruit and vegetables, and a housing case for placing the cultivation tank, The receiving tank is provided with a receiving hook that fits in the bottom side of the cultivation tank, and is configured to be able to store water in the receiving tank so that water is supplied from the bottom side of the cultivation tank.

  The invention of claim 2 is the mobile cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the receiving basket is a positioning recess formed in the housing casing, and is configured to fit the bottom side of the cultivation tank in the positioning recess. It is what you are doing.

  According to the invention of this application, a closed loop is formed by a pair of transport conveyors arranged in parallel with the transport directions opposite to each other, and a pair of guide devices connecting the two transport conveyors, and the cultivation bench on each of the transport conveyors A pair of transfer devices that move toward the guide device on the downstream side of the transfer, and a plurality of cultivation benches on each guide device are conveyed in a ball shape by driving each transfer device, and within the closed loop In the mobile cultivation apparatus that circulates the plurality of cultivation benches, each of the cultivation benches includes a cultivation tank that cultivates fruit and vegetables, and an accommodation housing that places the cultivation tank, and the cultivation housing includes the cultivation medium. Since it is provided with a receiving pot that fits in the bottom side of the tank and is configured so that water can be stored in the receiving tank so that water is supplied from the bottom side of the cultivation tank, Even circulating conveying bench falls into a condition not, if the water in the receiving gutter, until recovery can be water from a bottom side of the cultivation tray. Therefore, even if an operator does not water each cultivation bench manually, the cultivation soil in the cultivation tank can be prevented from being dried and the growth of the strain can be maintained in a healthy state. In addition, the physical burden on the operator can be reduced.

It is a schematic plan view of the mobile cultivation apparatus in an embodiment. It is a top view of a conveyance conveyor. It is a top view of a drawing-in apparatus. It is a perspective view of a drawing-in apparatus. It is a partially cutaway perspective view of an engaging claw body and an engagement / disengagement actuator. It is a perspective view of a cultivation bench. It is a side view which shows the state before the engagement by a drawing-in apparatus. It is a side view which shows the engagement state of a drawing-in apparatus. It is a side view which shows the drawing completion state of a drawing-in apparatus. It is a side view which shows the engagement cancellation | release state of a drawing-in apparatus. It is a functional block diagram of a pneumatic circuit and a controller. It is a side view of the cultivation bench which mounted the seedling pot in the pot accommodating part. It is side surface sectional drawing of the cultivation bench which mounted the seedling raising pot in the pot accommodating part. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows another example of a cultivation bench.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  First, the schematic structure of the mobile cultivation apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. In the following description, when using a term indicating a specific direction or position as necessary (for example, “left / right”, “up / down”, etc.), the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. Alternatively, the vertical direction (may be referred to as the column direction), and the left-right direction on the paper is the left-right direction or the horizontal direction (may be referred to as the row direction). These terms are used for convenience of explanation, and do not limit the technical scope of the present invention.

  In the embodiment, the vertical direction and the horizontal direction are both parallel to the horizontal plane (ground) (perpendicular to the gravitational direction), but the present invention is not limited to this, such as strawberry and spinach. The vertical direction and the horizontal direction may be slightly inclined with respect to the horizontal plane so long as they do not hinder the cultivation of fruit vegetables and the like.

  As shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2, the mobile cultivation apparatus 1 of embodiment is a closed loop-shaped thing which circulates and conveys the several cultivation bench 10 which grows fruit vegetables, such as a strawberry and spinach. In this case, the mobile cultivation apparatus 1 has a pair of transport conveyors 40A and 40B arranged in parallel with the transport directions opposite to each other, and the other transport conveyor 40B (40A) from the transport downstream side of one transport conveyor 40A (40B). ) And a pair of guide devices 20A (20B) for guiding each cultivation bench 10 to the transport upstream side, and transfer for moving the cultivation bench 10 on the transport conveyors 40A and 40B toward the guide devices 20A and 20B on the transport downstream side. A pair of retracting devices 21A and 21B as a device is provided. A pair of conveyance conveyors 40A and 40B and a pair of guide devices 20A and 20B are configured in a closed loop shape for circulating and conveying the plurality of cultivation benches 10.

  The pair of transport conveyors 40A and 40B are arranged in parallel with a space in the front-rear direction (vertical direction). Each of the cultivation benches 10 is configured to be conveyed in opposite conveyance directions (lateral directions). The pair of guide devices 20A and 20B are arranged in parallel with a space in the left-right direction (lateral direction), and are configured to guide the cultivation bench 10 in directions opposite to each other (vertical direction). Has been.

  The left half of the front conveyor 40A is positioned on the front side of the first guide device 20A, and the right half of the front conveyor 40A is positioned on the front side of the second guide device 20B. The left half of the back side conveyor 40B is located on the back side of the first guide device 20A, and the right half of the back side conveyor 40B is located on the back side of the second guide device 20B. Each of the conveyors 40A and 40B is configured to be able to deliver the cultivation bench 10 to and from the guide devices 20A and 20B. Each cultivation bench 10 is circulated and conveyed clockwise in a plan view of FIG. 1 in the order of the front-side transport conveyor 40A → the first guide device 20A → the back-side transport conveyor 40B → the second guide device 20B → the front-side transport conveyor 40A. . The circulating conveyance direction may be counterclockwise in plan view in FIG.

  The detailed structure of the cultivation bench 10 will be described with reference to FIG. The cultivation bench 10 includes a planter 2 that is an upwardly opening horizontally long box-shaped cultivation tank, and a horizontally long box frame-shaped frame frame 11 in which the planter 2 is accommodated. The planter 2 accommodates soil for cultivation, and a plurality of discharge holes 2b for discharging excess water and chemicals to the outside are formed on the bottom surface. At the front and rear edges of the upper surface of the planter 2, there are formed locking pieces 2 a that engage with the horizontally long upper frame 12 that constitutes the upper surface of the frame 11. The planter 2 is supported by the cultivation bench 10 by hooking and engaging the locking piece 2a with the upper frame 12.

  On the left and right horizontally long lower frame 18 constituting the lower surface side of the frame 11, a total of four sets of wheels 13 as a sliding body for sliding the cultivation bench 10 on the respective guide devices 20 </ b> A and 20 </ b> B are attached. ing. A total of four sets of wheels 13 are arranged side by side in the lateral direction of the cultivation bench 10 at intervals according to the arrangement width of the guide rails 35 (details will be described later) of each guide device 20A (20B). In addition, you may provide a sliding body in each guide apparatus 20A (20B) side. Further, the sliding body is not limited to the wheel 13 but may be another structure such as a roller, a slider, or a roller.

  On the upper surface side of the lower frame 18, a receiving rod 14 for collecting excess water and chemicals discharged from the discharge hole 2b on the lower surface of the planter 2 is attached. The water and the chemicals collected in the receiving basket 14 of each cultivation bench 10 are collected and collected in the collection baskets 30A and 30B (see FIG. 1) extending along the longitudinal direction (vertical direction) of the guide devices 20A and 20B. The As shown in FIG. 13, in the embodiment, in a state where the locking piece 2 a is hooked and engaged with the upper frame 12 and the planter 2 is supported by the cultivation bench 10, The bottom side is configured to fit (see FIG. 13).

  Discharge ports 14a that face each recovery rod 30A, 30B from above (facing each other) are provided on both longitudinal ends of the receiving rod 14 respectively. The water and chemicals collected in the receiving bowl 14 of each cultivation bench 10 are discharged to the collection baskets 30A and 30B located below the respective outlets 14a. A bottom cover 14b can be attached to the mouth portion of each discharge port 14a by screwing or forced fitting. The discharge port 14a is closed by the bottom lid 14b, and water can be stored in the receiving tub 14. In the case where water is stored in the receiving tank 14, water can be supplied from the bottom side of the planter 2 to the soil for cultivation in the planter 2 through the discharge holes 2b. Therefore, for example, even if the cultivating bench 10 cannot be circulated and transported due to troubles such as a power failure or an unexpected failure, if the water is stored in each receptacle 14, water can be supplied from the bottom side of the planter 2 until recovery. . For this reason, even if an operator does not water each cultivation bench 10 manually, drying of the cultivation soil in the planter 2 can be prevented, and the growth of the strain can be maintained in a healthy state. In addition, the physical burden on the operator can be reduced.

  A pair of wire rod fixing arms 15 is detachably attached to both longitudinal ends of one upper frame 12 in each cultivation bench 10. A plurality of support arms 16 projecting in the same direction as the two wire rod fixing arms 15 are provided between the two wire rod fixing arms 15 in the one upper frame 12. Although not shown in detail, the wire rod is tied to the fixing hole formed in the both wire rod fixing arms 15, and the middle portion of the wire rod is hooked from above onto the guide groove formed on the upper surface of each support arm 16. For example, cover the net. The portion of the net is supported from below by the two wire rod fixing arms 15, the plurality of support arms 16, and the wire rod, and protects the portion of the fruit and the like that has been extended to the outside of the planter 2 in the fruit and vegetable under cultivation.

  An IC tag (not shown) that stores various information such as fruit vegetables grown on the cultivation bench 10 is provided on the lower center side of the frame 11. The use of IC tags can improve the traceability of fruits and vegetables.

  Around each cultivation bench 10 (in the embodiment, on both sides in the longitudinal direction), a contact frame 19 serving as a contact portion and pot accommodating portion formed in a U shape in plan view is provided. One end side of the left and right side plates 19b is fixed by welding to both longitudinal end portions of the horizontally long side plate 19a of the contact frame body 19. The other end sides of the left and right side plates 19b are fixed to the lower frame 18 by welding. The laterally long side plate 19a of the abutting frame 19 can abut on the laterally long side plate 19a of the cultivation bench 10 adjacent on each guide device 20A, 20B. In a state in which the horizontally long side plate 19a of a certain cultivation bench 10 is in contact with the horizontally long side plate 19a of the adjacent cultivation bench 10, between the adjacent cultivation benches 10 along the longitudinal direction (vertical direction) of each guide device 20A, 20B. Thus, an appropriate interval (in the embodiment, about 500 mm) is provided.

  A plurality of bottom receiving pieces 25 are attached to the inner surfaces of the lower frame 18 and the laterally long side plate 19a facing each other at appropriate intervals in the longitudinal direction. On the bottom receiving piece 25 group, a bottom plate 26 having a size within a range surrounded by the lower frame 18 and the contact frame 19 is placed so as not to be removed. The bottom plate 26 is supported in a state of being placed on the bottom receiving piece 25 group. The frame frame 11 and the pair of abutting frame bodies 19 in the front and rear direction in the conveying direction constitute an accommodating casing 27 on which the planter 2 is placed. A plurality of seedling pots 28 for seedling removal can be placed in the contact frame 19 with the bottom plate 26 fitted inside the contact frame 19 (see FIGS. 12 and 13). It is possible to grow seedlings in the seedling pot 28 until the seedlings collected by separating each runner (rice stalk) extending from the parent strain are transferred to the seedling pot 28 for rooting and then planted.

  Next, the detailed structures of the conveyors 40A and 40B and the guide devices 20A and 20B will be described with reference to FIGS. As described above, the pair of transport conveyors 40A and 40B and the pair of guide devices 20A and 20B are configured in a closed loop to circulate and transport the plurality of cultivation benches 10.

  The basic structure of both conveyors 40A and 40B is the same. Each conveyor 40A (40B) is provided with two horizontally long conveyor frames 47 supported by a plurality of legs. A pair of drive sprockets 42 and a pair of driven sprockets 43 are rotatably supported between the left and right ends of both conveyor frames 47. Between the two conveyor frames 47, two substantially parallel conveyor chains 41 are arranged via drive and driven sprockets 42 and 43. The conveyor chain 41 is wound around driving and driven sprockets 42 and 43. A conveyor motor 45A (45B) is connected to the drive shaft of the drive sprocket 42 via a chain and a sprocket transmission system so that power can be transmitted, and the two substantially parallel conveyor chains 41 are synchronized by the conveyor motor 45A (45B). Are configured to rotate in the same direction.

  On both conveyor chains 41, mounting plates 46 on which the wheels 13 of the cultivation bench 10 delivered from each guide device 20A (20B) are placed are attached at appropriate intervals. In a state where each wheel 13 of the cultivation bench 10 is placed on the corresponding placement plate 46, the conveyance motor 45 rotates the pair of conveyor chains 41 so that each conveyance conveyor 40A (40B) moves the cultivation bench 10 sideways. Transport in the direction.

  In the embodiment, a near-side space (in particular, a near-side space near the second guide device 20B) of the near-side transport conveyor 40A is set as a worker's work space. The worker can perform various operations (for example, harvesting operation, weeding operation, pruning operation, planter 2 replacement operation, etc.) in the operation space. Moreover, the irrigation apparatus 31 which spreads water toward the cultivation bench 10 conveyed by the horizontal direction by each conveyance conveyor 40A (40B) is arrange | positioned in the longitudinal middle part of both conveyance conveyors 40A and 40B.

  Furthermore, the control apparatus 32 (chemical solution spraying apparatus) is arrange | positioned in the position which is the furthest away from the work space in the mobile cultivation apparatus 1, ie, the back side conveyor 40B side. The control device 32 is for spraying a control agent or a chemical solution toward the cultivation bench 10 that is transported in the lateral direction by the back-side transport conveyor 40B. The control apparatus 32 of embodiment is arrange | positioned in the longitudinal middle part of the back | side conveyance conveyor 40B. Therefore, it is excellent at the point which can prevent reliably that a control agent and a chemical | medical solution adhere to the worker in a work space.

  On the other hand, the basic structure of both guide devices 20A and 20B is the same. Each of the guide devices 20A and 20B includes a plurality of guide rails 35 (four in the embodiment) on which the frame 13 of the cultivation bench 10 travels. The guide rail 35 group is arranged at intervals in the left-right direction (lateral direction), and is supported by a framework composed of a large number of columns and horizontal frames. Each guide rail 35 is formed in a V-shape that is bent upward in the front-rear direction (longitudinal direction) and opened upward as viewed from the longitudinal direction. Such a guide rail 35 having a V-shaped cross section can easily guide the plurality of cultivation benches 10 to the respective conveyors 40A (40B) without removing the wheels 13.

  In the lower part of the transport upstream side of each guide device 20A (20B), the cultivation bench 10 moved to the transport downstream side of each transport conveyor 40A (40B) is directed vertically toward the guide device 20A (20B) facing it. As a means for carrying, a retracting device 21A (21B) is provided. In the embodiment, in order to circulate and convey the cultivation bench 10 in a clockwise direction in plan view in FIG. 1, the feeding side pull-in device 21 </ b> A is provided at the lower portion on the near side of the first guide device 20 </ b> A, and the lower portion on the far side of the second guide device 20 </ b> B. The return side retracting device 21B is arranged. Then, the return-side retracting device 21B is sent to the lower portion on the back side of the first guiding device 20A and the lower portion on the near side of the second guiding device 20B so as to cope with the counter-clockwise circulating conveyance in FIG. A side pull-in device 21A is arranged. That is, the drawing-in devices 21A and 21B that are in a positional relationship on a diagonal line in the plan view of FIG.

  In the following, for convenience of explanation, each drawing-in device 21A (21B) corresponding to the circular conveyance in a plan view of FIG. 1 will be described as an example. The basic structure of each of these retracting devices 21A (21B) is the same. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, each drawing-in device 21A (21B) includes a pair of engaging claws 51 that can be engaged and disengaged from below with the cultivation bench 10 on the corresponding transport conveyor 40A (40B), and each engagement device. As an elevating electromagnetic solenoid 52 as an engagement / disengagement actuator for engaging / disengaging the joint claw body 51 to / from the cultivation bench 10, and a reciprocating actuator for reciprocating both engagement claw bodies 51 in the vertical direction along the guide device 20A (20B). The air cylinder 53 is provided.

  In the embodiment, a pair of front and rear beam frames 55 extending in the lateral direction are bolted to the upstream side of conveyance of the pair of horizontal frames 54 that are the framework of each guide device 20A (20B). A cylinder mount 56 is fixed to both beam frames 55 by welding or the like. On the cylinder mount 56, an air cylinder 53 is provided in a state where the piston rod 57 is positioned away from the transport downstream side of each transport conveyor 40A (40B). Each horizontal frame 54 is positioned below the inner two of the four guide rails 35.

  Round bar-like slide bars 58 extending in the vertical direction are arranged on both the left and right sides of the air cylinder 53. In this case, the base end sides of the horizontal beam brackets 59 (four in the embodiment) projecting outward in the left-right direction are fixed to the front and rear side ends of the cylinder mount 56. A bar support plate 60 is erected on the front end side of each horizontal rail bracket 59. Front and rear end portions of one of the left and right slide bars 58 are fixed to a pair of bar support plates 60 on one side of the left and right sides of the air cylinder 53, and a pair of bar support plates 60 on the other side of the left and right sides The front and rear ends of the slide bar 58 are fixed. Both slide bars 58 are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction.

  A slider 61 (see FIGS. 7 to 10) is slidably fitted to each slide bar 58. A flat plate-shaped moving plate 62 is attached to the upper surface side of both sliders 61. A portion between the sliders 61 on the lower surface side of the moving plate 62 is connected to the distal end side of the piston rod 57 in the air cylinder 53 via a connecting rod 63. Accordingly, the moving plate 62 is configured to reciprocate in the vertical direction along the slide bars 58 by the expansion and contraction of the piston rod 57 in the air cylinder 53.

  Engaging claw bodies 51 are arranged on the left and right ends of the upper surface of the moving plate 62 so as to be vertically rotatable. A shaft support 64 is erected on the left and right corners of the upper surface of the moving plate 62 far from the downstream side of the conveyors 40A (40B). The base end side of the main body arm 65 in the engaging claw body 51 is pivotally supported by the pivotal support member 64 via the pivotal support pin shaft 66. The main body arm 65 of the engaging claw body 51 extends so as to approach the transport downstream side of each transport conveyor 40A (40B). A claw portion 67 that can be engaged with and disengaged from the lower frame 18 of the cultivation bench 10 on each conveyor 40A (40B) is provided on the front end side of the main body arm 65.

  The claw portions 67 of the both engaging claw bodies 51 are positioned above the conveyance downstream side of each conveyance conveyor 40A (40B) with the piston rod 57 of the air cylinder 53 shortened, and each conveyance conveyor 40A (40B). And the lower frame 18 of the cultivation bench 10. In a state where the piston rod 57 of the air cylinder 53 is extended, the claw portions 67 of the both engagement claw bodies 51 are moved away from the conveyance downstream side of each conveyance conveyor 40A (40B). Each retracting device 21A (21B) holds the piston rod 57 of the air cylinder 53 in an extended state in a standby state (which may be referred to as an initial state) in which the cultivation bench 10 is not conveyed in the vertical direction. This is because the claw portions 67 of both engaging claw bodies 51 do not interfere with the cultivation bench 10 that is in the middle of conveyance on each conveyance conveyor 40A (40B) (does not get caught) of each conveyance conveyor 40A (40B). This is to keep away from the downstream side of the conveyance.

  As shown in FIG. 5, lift electromagnetic solenoids 52 are provided at the left and right corner portions of the lower surface of the moving plate 62 that are closer to the transport downstream side of each transport conveyor 40A (40B). The lifting rod 68 of each lifting electromagnetic solenoid 52 protrudes upward and passes through the moving plate 62. The tip end side of each lifting rod 68 is connected to the midway portion of the main body arm 65 in the corresponding engaging claw body 51. Each engagement claw body 51 is configured to rotate up and down around the pivot pin shaft 66 by the up and down movement of the up and down rod 68 in the corresponding up and down electromagnetic solenoid 52. That is, by engaging the engaging claw bodies 51 up and down, the claw portion 67 is engaged with the lower frame 18 of the cultivation bench 10 on each conveyor 40A (40B), or the lower frame 18 and the claw portion 67 Release the engagement.

  When delivering the cultivation bench 10 moved to the conveyance downstream side of one conveyance conveyor 40A (40B) to the guide device 20A (20B) facing it, the piston rod of the air cylinder 53 in the one drawing-in device 21A (21B) 57 is shortened, and the claw portions 67 of the both engaging claw bodies 51 are inserted between the transport conveyors 40A (40B) and the lower frame 18 of the cultivation bench 10 (see FIG. 7). Next, the lifting rods 68 of both lifting electromagnetic solenoids 52 are moved up to rotate both engaging claws 51 upward, and the claw portions 67 of both engaging claws 51 are placed on one lower frame 18 of the cultivation bench 10. Engage from below (see FIG. 8).

  Then, the piston rod 57 of each air cylinder 53 is extended in a state in which the engagement between the lower frame 18 and both the claw portions 67 is maintained, and the cultivation bench 10 on one transport conveyor 40A (40B) is guided to the guide device 20A. The contact frame 19 (laterally long side plate 19a) on the front side in the conveyance direction of the cultivation bench 10 that is drawn toward (20B) and located on the side of each one of the conveyors 40A (40B) is on the guide device 20A (20B) side. It is made to contact | abut to the contact frame 19 (laterally long side board 19a) of the conveyance direction rear side of the cultivation bench 10 (refer FIG. 9). As a result, the plurality of cultivation benches 10 on the guide device 20A (20B) collide one after another in a ball shape, and the cultivation bench 10 on the most downstream side of the guide device 20A (20B) becomes the other transport conveyor 40B (40A). ) To the upstream side of conveyance. That is, after both the engaging claw bodies 51 are engaged with the cultivation bench 10 by driving both the lifting electromagnetic solenoids 52, the both guiding claw bodies 51 are conveyed downstream by the guide device 20A (20B) by driving the air cylinder 53. The plurality of cultivation benches 10 on the guide device 20A (20B) are conveyed in a ball shape by being moved toward the direction.

  Thereafter, the lifting rods 68 of both lifting electromagnetic solenoids 52 are moved downward to rotate the both engaging claws 51 downward, so that one lower frame 18 of the cultivation bench 10 and the claws 67 of the both engaging claws 51 are connected. The engagement is released (see FIG. 10).

  A stopper member 23 that regulates the vertical conveyance (collision conveyance) of the cultivation bench 10 delivered from the most downstream side of each guide device 20A (20B) is detachable on the conveyance upstream side of each conveyance conveyor 40A (40B). It is attached. The stopper member 23 of each conveyor 40 </ b> A (40 </ b> B) is attached in such a manner that it protrudes toward the front side in a plan view because of contact with the laterally long side plate 19 a of the contact frame 19.

  Further, for the purpose of corresponding to both the clockwise and counterclockwise circulatory conveyances in the plan view of FIG. 1, stopper members 23 are arranged not only on the conveyance upstream side but also on the conveyance downstream side of each conveyance conveyor 40A (40B). ing. In the first embodiment, a total of four stopper members 23 are arranged, two on the conveyance upstream side of each conveyance conveyor 40A (40B) and two on the conveyance downstream side.

  When the cultivation bench 10 on the most downstream side of each guide device 20A (20B) is transferred to the other conveyance conveyor 40B (40A) by the ball crush conveyance, the contact frame 19 (the horizontally long plate 19a) of the cultivation bench 10 on the most downstream side. ) Abuts on the stopper member 23 and stops on the upstream side of conveyance of the other conveyance conveyor 40B (40A) in a state where the wheels 13 of the cultivation bench 10 on the most downstream side are placed on the placement plate 46. That is, it can be surely transferred to a fixed position on each conveyor 40B (40A). Thereafter, the cultivation bench 10 is moved to the conveyance downstream side by driving each conveyance conveyor 40B (40A). At that time, the conveyance bench 10 is conveyed by the presence of the stopper members 23 on the conveyance upstream side and the conveyance downstream side. The cultivation bench 10 is guided to the conveyance downstream side along the stopper member 23 while preventing the positional deviation in the vertical direction orthogonal to the conveyor 40B (40A). Therefore, the cultivation bench 10 can be smoothly conveyed in the horizontal direction in a suitable posture on each conveyance conveyor 40B (40A).

  Next, the pneumatic circuit 70 structure of the mobile cultivation apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIG. The pneumatic circuit 70 of the mobile cultivation apparatus 1 includes a compressor 71 that supplies high-pressure air to the air cylinder 53 and the air cylinders 53 of the respective retractors 21A (21B). In addition, in FIG. 11, illustration of the air cylinder 53 of each drawing-in device 21A (21B) with respect to the circulation conveyance counterclockwise in plan view of FIG. 1 is omitted.

  The compressor 71 and each air cylinder 53 are connected via a 5-port 3-position switching type direction switching electromagnetic valve 72. The direction switching electromagnetic valve 72 has a pair of electromagnetic solenoids 73 electrically connected to a controller 75 as control means. The direction switching electromagnetic valve 72 includes an extension position for extending the piston rod 57 of the air cylinder 53 by an excitation of each electromagnetic solenoid 73 based on a command from the controller 75, a stop position for stopping the operation of the piston rod 57, and a piston. The rod 57 is configured to be switched to a shortened position where the rod 57 is shortened.

  The controller 75 as a control means performs drive control of each conveyance conveyor 40A (40B) and each drawing-in apparatus 21A (21B) regarding the circulation conveyance of the cultivation bench 10 group. The controller 75 includes a pair of left and right electromagnetic solenoids 52 as engaging / disengaging actuators, a first motor driver 74A for the first transport motor 45A of the front transport conveyor 40A, and a second transport motor 45B for the rear transport conveyor 40B. The two-motor driver 74B and the pair of electromagnetic solenoids 73 of each direction switching electromagnetic valve 72 described above are connected.

  FIG. 14 shows another example of the cultivation bench 10. A cultivation bench 10 of another example shown in FIG. 14 includes a planter 2 that is an upwardly opened horizontally long box-shaped cultivation tank, and an upwardly opened horizontally elongated box-shaped storage housing 111 in which the planter 2 is stored. A total of four sets of two wheels 112 as sliding bodies are attached to the lower surface side of the housing case 111 (detailed illustration of all the wheels 112 is omitted). A total of four sets of wheels 112 are arranged side by side in the lateral direction of the cultivation bench 10 (accommodating housing 111) at intervals according to the arrangement width of the guide rails 35 of each guide device 20A (20B).

  A groove-shaped positioning recess 113 extending along the longitudinal direction of the housing case 111 is formed in the middle of the housing direction in the housing case 111. The bottom side of the planter 2 is fitted into the positioning recess 113 of the housing case 111 from above. As a result, the planter 2 is held (supported) in the housing case 111 so as not to be displaced.

  In the positioning recess 113, a mounting portion 114 protruding upward is formed so as to extend along the longitudinal direction of the positioning recess. In the positioning recess 113, recovery grooves 115 that are recessed downward are formed on both sides of the mounting portion 114. A plurality of discharge holes 116 are formed in each recovery groove 115. Each collection groove 115 collects excess water and chemicals discharged from the discharge hole 2 b on the lower surface of the planter 2. Therefore, the positioning recess 113 (more specifically, each recovery groove 115) exhibits the same function as the receiving rod 14 of the previous example. If each discharge hole 116 is closed by fitting the plug 117, water can be stored in each recovery groove 115.

  When water is stored in the positioning recess 113 (each recovery groove 115), water can be supplied from the bottom side of the planter 2 to the soil for cultivation in the planter 2 through the respective discharge holes 2b. Even if it is impossible to circulate and transfer the cultivation benches 10 due to troubles such as unexpected troubles, if the water is stored in the positioning recesses 113 (recovery grooves 115), the bottom of the planter 2 is restored until recovery. Can supply water. For this reason, even if an operator does not water each cultivation bench 10 manually, drying of the cultivation soil in the planter 2 can be prevented, and the growth of the strain can be maintained in a healthy state. In addition, the physical burden on the operator can be reduced.

  In addition, each longitudinal side part of the accommodation housing | casing 111 can contact | abut to each longitudinal side part of the accommodation housing | casing 111 of the cultivation bench 10 adjacent on each guide apparatus 20A, 20B. Both sides of the housing housing 111 with the positioning recess 113 interposed therebetween are configured as pot housing portions 118. A plurality of seedling pots 28 for seedling removal can be placed in the pot accommodating portion 118 (see FIG. 14). In the same way as the previous example, seedlings collected by separating each runner (rice stalk) extending from the parent strain can be transferred to the seedling pot 28 for rooting, and then seedlings can be grown in the seedling pot 28 until planting. It has become. In another example, when the cultivation bench 10 moved to the conveyance downstream side of one conveyance conveyor 40A (40B) is transferred to the guide device 20A (20B) facing the conveyance bench 10A, The claw portions 67 of the engaging claw bodies 51 in the corresponding retracting device 21A (21B) are engaged with the lower step portion from below.

  As apparent from the above description and FIGS. 6 and 12, according to the embodiment, between the pair of transport conveyors 40A and 40B arranged in parallel with the transport directions opposite to each other, and between the transport conveyors 40A and 40B. A pair of transfer devices 21A that form a closed loop with the pair of guide devices 20A and 20B to be connected, and move the cultivation bench 10 on the transport conveyors 40A and 40B toward the guide devices 20A and 20B on the downstream side of the transport. , 21B, the plurality of cultivation benches 10 on the guide devices 20A, 20B are conveyed in a ball shape by driving the transfer devices 21A, 21B, and the plurality of cultivation benches 10 are circulated in the closed loop. In the mobile cultivation apparatus 1, each of the cultivation benches 10 includes a cultivation tank 2 for cultivating fruit and vegetables, and a housing case 27 on which the cultivation tank 2 is placed. Since the pot housing part 19 for housing the seedling pot 28 is provided around the cultivation tank 2 in the housing casing 27, the operator can perform almost everything from planting the parent strain to planting the seedling. In addition to being able to perform the seedling raising work on the mobile cultivation apparatus 1 while standing, it is possible to save the trouble of irrigating many times a day for growing seedlings. Therefore, the work burden can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional seedling work. In addition, it is not necessary to prepare a special field for raising seedlings, and efficient cultivation including raising seedlings can be realized.

  In particular, in the embodiment, the adjacent cultivation benches 10 are configured to come into contact with each other in the longitudinal side plates 19a of the housing case 27. There is no fear that the fruit will be damaged by the collision of the adjacent cultivation benches.

  As apparent from the above description and FIGS. 13 and 14, according to the embodiment, between the pair of transport conveyors 40 </ b> A and 40 </ b> B and the transport conveyors 40 </ b> A and 40 </ b> B arranged in parallel with the transport directions opposite to each other. A pair of transfer devices 21A that form a closed loop with the pair of guide devices 20A and 20B to be connected, and move the cultivation bench 10 on the transport conveyors 40A and 40B toward the guide devices 20A and 20B on the downstream side of the transport. , 21B, the plurality of cultivation benches 10 on the guide devices 20A, 20B are conveyed in a ball shape by driving the transfer devices 21A, 21B, and the plurality of cultivation benches 10 are circulated in the closed loop. In the mobile cultivation apparatus 1, each of the cultivation benches 10 includes a cultivation tank 2 for cultivating fruit and vegetables, and a housing 2 for placing the cultivation tank 2. 111, and the housing rods 27, 111 are provided with receiving rods 14, 113 into which the bottom side of the cultivation tank 2 is fitted, and the receiving rods 14, 113 so as to supply water from the bottom side of the cultivation tank 2. Even if it falls into the state where circulation transportation of each cultivation bench 10 becomes impossible due to troubles such as a power failure or an unexpected failure, if the water is stored in the receiving tubs 14 and 113, recovery is possible. During this period, water can be supplied from the bottom side of the cultivation tank 2. Therefore, even if an operator does not water each cultivation bench 10 manually, drying of the cultivation soil in the cultivation tank 2 can be prevented, and the growth of the strain can be maintained in a healthy state. In addition, the physical burden on the operator can be reduced.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be embodied in various forms. The configuration of each other part is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. In addition, the term “fruit vegetables etc.” used in the present specification is used as a concept including fruit vegetables such as strawberries and leaf vegetables such as spinach.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mobile cultivation apparatus 10 Cultivation bench 14,113 Receptacle 20A, 20B Guide apparatus 21A, 21B Pull-in apparatus (transfer apparatus)
23 Stopper members 27 and 111 Housing cases 40A and 40B Conveyor

Claims (2)

A closed loop is formed by a pair of transport conveyors arranged in parallel with the transport directions opposite to each other, and a pair of guide devices connecting the two transport conveyors, and the cultivation bench on each of the transport conveyors is transported on the downstream side of the transport A pair of transfer devices that move toward the guide device, each of the transfer devices being driven to convey a plurality of cultivation benches on each guide device in a ball shape, and the plurality of cultivation benches in the closed loop In the mobile cultivation device that circulates
Each of the cultivation benches includes a cultivation tank for cultivating fruit and vegetables, and a housing case on which the cultivation tank is placed, and the housing body includes a receiving basket into which a bottom side of the cultivation tank is fitted, and the cultivation It is configured to be able to store water in the receptacle so that water is supplied from the bottom side of the tank,
Mobile cultivation equipment. The receptacle is a positioning recess formed in the housing, and is configured to fit the bottom side of the cultivation tank in the positioning recess.
The mobile cultivation apparatus according to claim 1.

Images