JP2015028416A - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a highly reliable heat exchanger.SOLUTION: A heat exchanger 1 of the invention made of a ceramic sinter for heat exchanging between a first fluid and a second fluid, the heat exchanger 1 comprises: a plurality of first components 2, the inside of which including a first channel 8 through which the first fluid flows, the plurality of first components 2, each being arranged to have a space, and the space including a second channel 10 through which the second fluid flows; a second component 3 communicating with the first channel 8 together on one end side of the plurality of first components 2 for introducing the first fluid to the first components 2; a third component 4 communicating with the first channel 8 together on the other end side of the plurality of first components 2 for discharging the fluid which has flowed through the first components 2; and a fourth component 6 arranged between the first components 2 for covering the respective circumferences of the second component 3 and the third component 4, the fourth component 6, one end face of which and the other end face of which being connected to the first components 2.

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat exchanger.

  Conventionally, the heat exchanger used for various cooling systems etc. is illustrated. As such a heat exchanger, for example, a plurality of long plates arranged substantially in parallel and slits between the long plates are provided, and recesses are continuously provided in the longitudinal direction on several surfaces of the long plates. A plurality of stacked substrates, the long plates of the adjacent substrates are connected to each other to form a tube, the recess forms an in-tube flow path, and the slit forms an out-tube flow path. The exchanger is illustrated (for example, refer patent document 1).

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-300062

  By the way, as a heat exchanger as described above, a heat exchanger having further improved heat exchange efficiency is demanded.

  Therefore, for example, a heat exchanger formed by laminating a plurality of substrates as described in Patent Document 1 described above can be considered, but there is a possibility that fluid leaks from a connection portion between the substrate and a header portion connecting these substrates. there were.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger that suppresses fluid leakage and has improved reliability.

  The heat exchanger of the present invention is a heat exchanger that is made of a ceramic sintered body and performs heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid, and the heat exchanger includes the first fluid inside. A plurality of first members, each of which has a first flow path and is arranged with a space, each of which is a second flow path through which the second fluid flows, and a plurality of the first flow paths. A first member communicates with the first flow paths on one end side of the member, and introduces the first fluid into the first member, and the first member on the other end side of the plurality of first members. A third member that communicates with the flow paths and discharges the fluid that has flowed through the first member, and is disposed between the first member and covers the outer periphery of each of the second member and the third member. And a fourth member having one end surface and the other end surface connected to the first member.

  The heat exchanger according to the present invention includes the fourth member that covers the outer periphery of the second member and the third member while the one end surface and the other end surface are joined to the first member, and therefore prevents the fluid from leaking out. And a heat exchanger with improved reliability can be obtained.

(A) is an external appearance perspective view which shows an example of the heat exchanger of this embodiment, (b) is sectional drawing. (A)-(c) extracts and shows the member which comprises the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 1, (a) is a perspective view which shows an example of a 1st member, (b) is a 2nd member and 3rd. The side view which shows an example of a member, (c) is a perspective view which shows an example of a 4th member. (A) is an external appearance perspective view which shows another example of the heat exchanger of this embodiment, (b) is sectional drawing.

  Hereinafter, the heat exchanger of this embodiment is demonstrated using drawing.

  Fig.1 (a) is an external appearance perspective view which shows an example of the heat exchanger of this embodiment, (b) is sectional drawing, FIG. 2 is (a) among the heat exchangers shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example of the first member, FIG. 5B is a side view showing an example of the second member and the third member, and FIG. 5C is a perspective view showing an example of the fourth member. In the following drawings, the same numbers are assigned to the same members.

  The heat exchanger 1 shown in FIG. 1 is comprised from the ceramic sintered compact. By constituting the heat exchanger 1 from a ceramic sintered body, a heat exchanger having excellent heat resistance and corrosion resistance can be obtained. The material constituting such a ceramic sintered body may be appropriately selected and used in accordance with the characteristics of the fluid to be heat exchanged, such as alumina, zirconia, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, or a composite thereof. What is necessary is just to select a material. For example, if silicon carbide is the main component, it has a relatively high thermal conductivity, so the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger can be increased. If alumina is the main component, the raw material cost is low. Therefore, a heat exchanger can be manufactured at a relatively low cost. In particular, in the heat exchanger 1, the first member 2 that is most likely to contribute to heat exchange is made of a ceramic sintered body containing silicon carbide as a main component, thereby increasing the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger 1. This is preferable.

  The heat exchanger 1 of the present embodiment has a first flow path 8 through which the first fluid flows, and each of the heat exchangers 1 has a space and the second fluid flows through the space. A plurality of first members 2, which are flow paths 10, are provided. The first fluid and the second fluid can be appropriately used depending on the purpose, such as liquid or gas. For example, the first fluid is a liquid such as water and the second fluid is a gas such as gas. be able to.

  Moreover, the 1st member 2 is equipped with the 2nd member 3 for communicating with the 1st flow paths 8 and introducing the 1st fluid into the 1st member (1st flow path 8) in the one end side. The third member 4 is provided on the other end side of the first member 2 so as to communicate with the first flow paths 8 and discharge the fluid flowing through the first member 2 (first flow path 8) to the outside. ing. Here, the one end side and the other end side mean the one end side and the other end side along the direction in which the first fluid flows.

  Since the first member 2 needs to communicate with the second member 3 and the third member 4, the first member 2 communicates with each of the second member 3 and the third member 4 as shown in FIG. There is a hole for. In addition, in the heat exchanger 1 shown in FIG. 1, among the 1st members 2, the 1st member 2 arrange | positioned in the uppermost stage which is one end along the direction through which a 1st fluid flows (in FIG. 1, The first member 2 (corresponding to 2b and 2c in FIG. 1) that has a hole (not shown) on the bottom surface of the bottom surface and corresponds to 2b in FIG. 1 is a hole. 14. Then, by inserting the second member 3 and the third member 4 into these holes and arranging them, the first member 2 can be easily combined with the second member 3 and the third member 4 so that each flow The road can be easily communicated. In the first member 2a located at the uppermost stage, no hole is provided on the upper surface side and the through hole 14 is not formed so that the fluid flowing inside does not leak to the outside.

On the other hand, the 2nd member 3 and the 3rd member 4 are comprised by the member of one cylinder (for example, cylindrical shape), as shown in FIG.2 (b), The 1st member 2 is included in a part. The communication part 15 for communicating with is provided. When the 2nd member 3 and the 3rd member 4 are made into one cylindrical member, it can suppress effectively that the 1st fluid which flows through the 2nd member 3 and the 3rd member 4 leaks. In FIG. 2B, a part of the second member 3 and the third member 4 is omitted.

  And the 1st fluid which flowed through the channel (henceforth entrance channel 7) provided in the inside of the 2nd member 3 by making this communicating part 15 and penetration hole 14 communicate is each. Heat flows to the first flow path 8 in the first member 2 and can exchange heat with the second fluid flowing in the second flow path 10 while flowing through the first flow path 8. Further, the first fluid that has flowed through the first flow path 8 flows through a flow path (hereinafter referred to as an outlet flow path 9) provided inside the third member 4 and is discharged to the outside.

  Further, the first fluid that flows through the inlet channel 7 efficiently flows into the first channel 8, and the first fluid that flows through the first channel 8 efficiently flows into the outlet channel 9. In the through hole 14 shown in FIG. 2 (a) and the communication part 15 shown in FIG. 2 (b), only the portion inside the first member 2b is opened.

  In the above example, the second member 3 and the third member 4 are described as one cylindrical member. However, a plurality of second members 3 and third members 4 are prepared, You may arrange | position between the 1 members 2, and may connect to the 1st member 2 so that the communication part 15 in the 2nd member 3 or the 3rd member 4 and the through-hole 14 of the 1st member 2 may communicate.

  In addition, the heat exchanger 1 is preferably arranged so that the first fluid and the second fluid are opposed to each other for efficient heat exchange, but is not necessarily arranged so as to be opposed. It is not necessary to do so, for example, it may be arranged so as to be a cross flow, or may be appropriately arranged in accordance with the target fluid flow.

  By the way, as described above, by inserting the second member 3 and the third member 4 into the holes provided in the first member 2, the inlet channel 7, the first channel 8, and the outlet channel 9 are communicated with each other. Will be. In addition, by connecting the second member 3 or the third member 4 to the first member 2, the inlet channel 7, the first channel 8, and the outlet channel 9 communicate with each other. However, in some cases, the first fluid may leak from the connecting portion between the first member 2, the second member 3, and the third member 4. Here, when the first fluid leaks, the heat exchange efficiency is lowered, and depending on the first fluid, there is a possibility of adversely affecting various devices in which the heat exchanger 1 is disposed.

  Therefore, in the heat exchanger 1 shown in FIG. 1, the heat exchanger 1 is disposed between the first members 2, covers the outer circumferences of the second member 3 and the third member 4, and one end surface and the other end surface are the first member 2. The 4th member 6 connected to is provided. An example of the fourth member 6 is shown in FIG. The outer shape of the fourth member 6 can be shaped to match the second member 3 and the third member 4, and can be, for example, cylindrical.

  Thereby, even if it is a case where the 1st fluid leaks from the connection part of the 1st member 2, the 2nd member 3, and the 3rd member 4, the 4th member 6 is the 1st member 2, one end surface, and others. Since the end faces are connected, the first fluid can be prevented from leaking to the outside. Thereby, it can be set as the heat exchanger 1 with improved reliability.

  FIG. 1 shows an example in which the inner surface of the fourth member 6 is connected to the outer surfaces of the second member 3 and the third member 4, respectively. You may arrange | position with the outer surface of the member 3 and the 3rd member 4 and the clearance gap. In this case, if the first fluid leaks from the connecting portion between the first member 2, the second member 3 and the third member 4, this gap is used to hold the leaked first fluid. It will serve as a reservoir.

  In addition, in the heat exchanger 1 shown in FIG. 1, the introduction part 11 which introduce | transduces the 1st fluid into the 2nd member 3 at the lower end, the collection part 12 which collects the 1st fluid which flowed through the 3rd member 4, and It has the flange part 5 provided with.

  Thereby, the first fluid introduced from one side of the flange portion 5 flows through the inlet channel 7, the first channel 8 and the outlet channel 9 and is discharged from the other side of the flange portion 5. Incidentally, in FIG. 1A, the outlet 13 of the outlet channel 9 is shown.

  In addition, the introduction part 11 and the collection part 12 should just be provided independently so that each may not mix, and the introduction part 11 and the collection part 12 may form a mutually independent flow path, The size can be set as appropriate. As described above, if the flange portion 5 in which the introduction portion 11 and the collection portion 12 are integrated is used, heat exchange can also be performed at the flange portion, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger can be increased.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the 1st flow path 8 provided in the 1st member 2 is set as the structure which a 1st fluid flows efficiently. Therefore, for example, a configuration that widens inward from the connection portion with the second member 3 or a configuration that narrows toward the connection portion with the third member 4 can be adopted. By setting it as such a structure, it can suppress that the 1st fluid introduced from the 2nd member 3 stays in the 1st flow path 8, and a 1st fluid flows through the 1st flow path 8 efficiently. In addition, the first flow path 8 can be provided larger. Further, a wall extending along the direction in which the first fluid flows may be provided inside the first flow path 8. Accordingly, the first fluid that has flowed through the inlet channel 7 can be efficiently flowed toward the outlet channel 9, and the surface area where the fluid and the wall come into contact can be increased, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. be able to.

  Moreover, when the 2nd member 3 and the 3rd member 4 are comprised from several member, the 1st fluid which flows through the inlet flow path 7 of the 2nd member 3 is the front end side of the flow direction of a 1st fluid. A separate member may be provided so as to suppress a decrease in the amount of flowing into the first flow path 8 located in the first flow path 8 and flowing into the first flow path 8 on the inlet side. For example, the first fluid can easily flow into each first flow path 8 at the end of the first flow path 8 on the second member 3 side, inside the through hole 14, further inside the second member 3, and the like. As described above, a plate-like flow rate adjusting member extending toward the inlet side of the inlet channel 7 may be provided.

  Moreover, in the heat exchanger 1 of this embodiment, a heat shock may be received in the heat exchanger 1 by exchanging heat with the low temperature 1st fluid and the high temperature 2nd fluid. In particular, the joint between the first member 2, the second member 3, and the third member 4 is susceptible to this thermal shock. In particular, the connection portion between the first member 2 and the second member 3 where the temperature difference between the first fluid and the second fluid flowing inside is large may be particularly subject to thermal shock. May come off.

  Here, by making the thermal conductivity of the fourth member 6 lower than the thermal conductivity of the second member 3, it is possible to make it difficult for the heat of the second fluid to be transmitted to the second member 3. Thereby, in the connection part of the 1st member 2 and the 2nd member 3, a possibility of receiving a thermal shock can be decreased and the reliability of the heat exchanger 1 can be improved. Similarly, by making the thermal conductivity of the fourth member 6 lower than the thermal conductivity of the third member 4, the connection between the first member 2 and the third member 4 is less likely to receive a thermal shock. The reliability of the heat exchanger 1 can be improved.

  In order to make the thermal conductivity of the fourth member 6 lower than the thermal conductivity of the second member 3 and the third member 4, the fourth member 6 is made of a ceramic sintered body having a low thermal conductivity, If the second member 3, the third member 4, and the fourth member 6 are ceramic sintered bodies made of the same main component, the porosity of the fourth member 6 is set to the porosity of the second member 3 and the third member 4. It may be higher than the rate.

  In addition, the use of the above-described heat exchanger is not particularly limited. For example, in addition to various laser devices, any heat exchanger can be applied as appropriate.

  Below, the preparation methods of the heat exchanger 1 mentioned above are demonstrated.

  First, the first member 2, the second member 3, the third member 4, the fourth member 6, and the flange portion 5 are individually manufactured.

  For example, a sintering aid, a binder, a solvent, a dispersing agent, and the like are added to a powder of a raw material (silicon carbide, alumina, etc.) that is a main component constituting each member and mixed as appropriate to prepare a slurry. Using this slurry, ceramic green sheets formed by the doctor blade method are laminated with ceramic green sheets punched with a mold according to the shape of the product to produce a molded body, and these molded bodies are fired. Thus, each member is produced. Another method for producing ceramic green sheets is to produce granules by spray drying and granulating the slurry by spray granulation (spray drying), and producing the granules by roll compaction. good.

  Other methods of manufacturing the molded body include adjusting the slurry to clay and producing it by extrusion molding, or using granules by mechanical pressing or cold isostatic pressing (CIP). Also good.

  In addition, you may process a molded object and a sintered body suitably, and may form these each member.

  Further, when the thermal conductivity of the fourth member 6 is made lower than the thermal conductivity of the second member 3 and the third member 4, the porosity of the fourth member 6 is set to the porosity of the second member 3 and the third member 4. In order to make it higher than the rate, for example, a pore forming agent such as resin beads is added at the time of preparing the slurry to be the fourth member 6, the amount of the sintering aid is reduced, the density of the molded body is reduced, etc. There is a way.

  And the 2nd member 3 and the 3rd member 4 are inserted in the hole provided in the 1st member 2 used as the end along the direction through which a 1st fluid flows. Subsequently, the fourth member 6 is inserted into the second member 3 and the third member 4. Subsequently, the first member 2 and the fourth member 6 are repeatedly inserted in order, and finally the flange portion 5 is connected. In addition, each member can be used as the heat exchanger 1 of this embodiment by inserting in the state which apply | coated the adhesive agent etc. and heat-processing what was finally produced. When the second member 3 and the third member 4 are formed from a single cylindrical body, the first member 2 and the fourth member 6 are stacked, and then the second member 3 and the third member 4 are inserted. May be formed.

  Furthermore, when making each of the plurality of second members 3 and third members 4 heat exchangers connected between the first members 2, for example, the second member 3 is bonded to the first member 2 with an adhesive or the like. And after connecting the one end surface of the 3rd member 4, what is necessary is just to repeat connecting the other end surface to the 1st member 2 with an adhesive agent etc.

Here, as an adhesive used, it is preferable to use an inorganic adhesive as it is excellent in heat resistance and corrosion resistance. As the inorganic adhesive, for example, SiO ₂ —Al ₂ O ₃ —B ₂ O ₃ —RO-based glass (R: alkaline earth metal element) may be used. If such glass is used as an inorganic adhesive, each member can be firmly joined without deteriorating the member when heat treatment is performed, and because it has excellent heat resistance and corrosion resistance, The reliability of the heat exchanger can be improved.

  FIG. 3 shows another example of the heat exchanger of this embodiment, (a) is an external perspective view, and (b) is a sectional view.

  Compared to the heat exchanger 1 shown in FIG. 1, the heat exchanger 16 shown in FIG. 3 has a second member 17 having a first inlet channel 7 having a first width in the direction in which the first fluid flows. It is made into the shape narrower than the width | variety of the inlet flow path 7 in the inlet side which is the other end side of the direction through which this fluid flows. That is, the inlet channel 7 in the second member 17 is tapered upward.

  When the inlet channel 7 is formed with the same width as shown in FIG. 1, a large amount of the first fluid flows in the first channel 8 on one end side in the direction in which the first fluid flows, There is a possibility that the amount of the first fluid flowing in the first flow path 8 located on the side decreases, and thus efficient heat exchange cannot be performed.

  Here, like the heat exchanger 16 shown in FIG. 3, in the second member 17, the width of the inlet channel 7 on one end side in the direction in which the first fluid flows is different from the width in the direction in which the first fluid flows. By making it narrower than the width of the inlet channel 7 on the inlet side, which is the end side, a larger amount of the first fluid can be flowed to the first channel 8 located on the inlet side, so that the heat It can be set as the heat exchanger 16 which can improve exchange efficiency.

  Although the present invention has been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

  In the example of the heat exchanger 16 shown in FIG. 3 described above, in the second member 17, the width of the inlet channel 7 on one end side in the direction in which the first fluid flows is different from the width in the direction in which the first fluid flows. Although the example which narrows rather than the width | variety of the inlet flow path 7 in the inlet side which is an end side was shown in this case, the direction of the 1st fluid flows in the 3rd member 4 contrary to the 2nd member 3. The width of the outlet channel 9 on the outlet side that is one end side can be made wider than the width of the outlet channel 9 that is the other end side in the direction in which the first fluid flows. That is, the outlet channel 9 in the third member 4 can be tapered upward. As a result, a larger amount of the first fluid can flow through the first flow path 8 located on the inlet side (outlet side), thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. It can be.

  Further, when the heat exchangers 1 and 16 are further improved in heat exchange efficiency, for example, the first member 2 may be provided on the surface with protrusions having an average grain size larger than the average crystal grain size of the first member 2. Good. Even in this case, the heat exchangers 1 and 16 with improved heat exchange efficiency can be obtained.

  Furthermore, a partition for providing a plurality of flow paths can also be provided inside the first member 2, and in this case, a shape in which the outer surface directly above or directly below the flow path is curved toward the flow path. It is good. Even in this case, the heat exchangers 1 and 16 with improved heat exchange efficiency can be obtained.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 16: Heat exchanger 2: First member 3, 17: Second member 4: Third member 5: Flange part 6: Fourth member 7: Inlet channel 8: First channel 9: Outlet channel 10 : Second channel

Claims (5)

A heat exchanger made of a ceramic sintered body and performing heat exchange between a first fluid and a second fluid,
The heat exchanger is
A plurality of first members each having a first flow path through which the first fluid flows and each having a space, the second flow path through which the second fluid flows. ,
A second member for communicating with the first flow paths on one end side of the plurality of first members, and for introducing the first fluid into the first member;
A third member communicating with the first flow paths on the other end side of the plurality of first members, and discharging the fluid flowing through the first member;
A fourth member disposed between the first members, covering the outer periphery of each of the second member and the third member, and having one end surface and the other end surface connected to the first member;
A heat exchanger comprising:   The said 1st member has a through-hole or a hole in the one end side and the other end side, The said 2nd member and the said 3rd member are inserted in each hole, The Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. The described heat exchanger.   The flange part provided with the introducing | transducing part which introduce | transduces the said 1st fluid into the said 2nd member, and the collection part which collects the 1st fluid which flowed through the said 3rd member is characterized by the above-mentioned. Item 3. The heat exchanger according to Item 2.   In the second member, the width of the flow path on one end side in the direction in which the first fluid flows is narrower than the width of the flow path on the inlet side in the other end side in the direction in which the first fluid flows. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger is a heat exchanger.   The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the thermal conductivity of the fourth member is lower than the thermal conductivity of the second member.

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