JP2015025332A - Attachment for crushing, ripper, and crushing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently crush an object to be crushed, such as a bedrock, rock, or concrete structure, by a ripper.SOLUTION: An attachment for crushing comprises an attachment body 11 detachable to a work machine, a ripper 12 attached to the attachment body 11 so that it can reciprocate in a first direction X relative to the attachment body 11 and rotate in a second direction R about a rear end 122 within a virtual surface, including the first direction X, with a tip 121 projecting from the attachment body 11 in the first direction X, a first driver 13 that cracks an object to be crushed by reciprocating the ripper 12 in the first direction X with the tip 121 of the ripper 12 coming into contact with the object to be crushed, and a second driver 14 that rotates the ripper 12 in the second direction with the tip 121 of the ripper 12 cutting into the object to be crushed.

Description

  The present invention relates to a crushing technique for crushing an object to be crushed, such as a rock, a rock, a concrete structure, a ripper used in the crushing technique, and a crushing attachment that is attached to a work machine and crushes with the ripper. is there.

  Conventionally, it has been proposed to attach a crushing attachment to an arm of a work machine such as a backhoe in order to crush objects to be crushed, such as bedrock, rocks, and concrete structures. For example, in Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1, an eccentric gear pair is operated by a hydraulic motor attached to a crushing attachment to generate a vibration force. Then, the tooth attached to the ripper arm by the vibration force (corresponding to the “tip portion of the ripper” of the present invention) is hit against the object to be crushed and the object to be crushed is cracked, and the tooth is put inside the object to be crushed. I have entered. And it is possible to rip the surface part of a to-be-crushed object by drawing the arm of a working machine to the working machine side in the state where the tooth entered the inside of the to-be-crushed object.

Special table 2012-532765 gazette

Kengo Tobe “Innovative Crusher“ Eccentric Ripper ”” Construction Machinery July 2013 p. 66-72

  By the way, as described above, in the conventional crushing attachment, cracks are generated in the object to be crushed by the tooth. However, ripping of the cracked object to be crushed is performed by a work machine, and the crushing attachment is essential. In particular, it is not significantly different from conventional hydraulic breakers. Therefore, when considering the efficiency of the crushing work, there is still much room for improvement with respect to the crushing attachment. Moreover, in order to further improve the crushing operation, there is sufficient room for improvement in the ripper used in the crushing attachment.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said subject, and it aims at providing the technique which can crush efficiently to-be-crushed objects, such as a bedrock, a rock, and a concrete structure, with a ripper.

  A first aspect of the present invention is a crushing attachment that is attached to a work machine and crushes an object to be crushed, an attachment main body part that is detachable from the work machine, and a tip part from the attachment main body part in a first direction. The attachment main body can be reciprocated in the first direction with respect to the attachment main body in a state of projecting to the attachment main body, and can be rotated in the second direction around the rear end in the virtual plane including the first direction. A ripper that is attached to the crusher, a first drive unit that causes the ripper to reciprocate in the first direction with the tip of the ripper being in contact with the object to be crushed, and the tip of the ripper to be crushed And a second drive unit that rotates the ripper in the second direction in a state of entering the object.

  Further, the second aspect of the present invention is a ripper that is attached to the attachment main body and crushes the object to be crushed by the front end portion, and the rear end portion is attached in a state where the front end portion protrudes from the attachment main body portion in the first direction. While being engaged with the main body, it can be reciprocally moved in the first direction with respect to the attachment main body, and the first direction is set with the engagement position between the rear end portion and the attachment main body as the center of rotation. It is characterized in that it is rotatable in the second direction with respect to the attachment main body within the imaginary plane.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a crushing method for crushing a periphery of a hole formed in an object to be crushed by the crushing attachment, wherein the tip of the ripper is brought into contact with the inner wall of the hole. An approach step of causing the tip of the ripper to enter the deep part of the drilling hole while reciprocating the ripper in the first direction by one drive unit, and rotating the ripper in the second direction by the second drive unit after the entry step And a ripping step for removing the object to be crushed on the second direction side around the hole.

  Furthermore, a fourth aspect of the present invention is a crushing method for crushing an object to be crushed by an attachment for crushing, wherein the ripper is moved by the first drive unit in a state where the tip of the ripper is in contact with the surface of the object to be crushed. An entry step for reciprocating in the first direction to allow the tip of the ripper to enter the inside of the object to be crushed, and a ripping for removing the object to be crushed by rotating the ripper in the second direction by the second drive unit after the entry step. And a process.

  In the invention configured in this way, the ripper moves back and forth in the first direction, the tip of the ripper abuts on the object to be crushed, cracks and enters the object to be crushed, and enters the object to be crushed. The ripper rotates in the second direction around the rear end in the virtual plane including the first direction to rip the object to be crushed.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the ripper can execute the reciprocating operation in the first direction and the rotating operation in the second direction, and excellent crushing efficiency can be obtained.

It is a figure which shows 1st Embodiment of the attachment for crushing concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows the internal structure of the attachment for crushing of FIG. It is the elements on larger scale of the 2nd drive part. It is a figure which shows typically the crushing method using the attachment for crushing of FIG. It is a figure which shows 2nd Embodiment of the attachment for crushing concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows 3rd Embodiment of the attachment for crushing concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows 4th Embodiment of the attachment for crushing concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows 5th Embodiment of the attachment for crushing concerning this invention.

<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a view showing a first embodiment of a crushing attachment according to the present invention. Moreover, FIG. 2 is a figure which shows the internal structure of the attachment for crushing of FIG. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the second drive unit. As shown in FIG. 1, the crushing attachment 1 is attached to an arm 21 of a work machine 2 such as a backhoe through a bracket 22, and a drilling hole 31 formed in an object to be crushed 3 such as a rock, a rock, or a concrete structure. It is used to crush the surroundings.

  The main configuration of the crushing attachment 1 includes an attachment body 11, a ripper 12 with a tip 121 finished in a tapered shape, and a direction in which the ripper 12 is formed with a drilling hole 31 (hereinafter referred to as a “drilling hole forming direction”) X. A first drive unit 13 that reciprocates in a parallel direction, a second drive unit 14 that rotates the ripper 12 in the rotation direction R within the plane of FIG. 1, and two compression springs 15. Among these, the ripper 12 is supported so as to be capable of reciprocating in the hole forming direction X with respect to the attachment main body 11 with the tip 121 protruding in the direction (+ X).

  The ripper 12 has a shaft body structure having an axis AX (see FIG. 2A) parallel to the direction (+ X) in which the hole 31 is formed. The tip 121 of the ripper 12 has a so-called tapered shape in which the outer diameter decreases as it advances toward the tip, (+ X). More specifically, the rear end position of the front end portion 121 has an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter d of the hole 31, while the outer end diameter is smaller than the inner diameter d of the hole 31 at the front end position. As described above, the side surface of the tip 121 is an inclined surface 123. For this reason, when the tip of the ripper 12 is pushed into the hole 31 as will be described later, the inclined surface 123 moves the inner wall of the hole 31 in the hole forming direction (+ X) while a part of the tip 121 enters the hole 31. ) In a direction orthogonal to the above, and cracks are formed around the hole 31 to break the object 3 to be crushed. Further, two cutouts 124 are formed on the side surface of the tip 121 so as to be symmetric with respect to the axis AX along the axis AX, and the inclined surface 123 is formed with the two contact surfaces 123a and 123b (see FIG. 4). ). As described above, the two contact surfaces 123a and 123b are provided on the inclined surface 123 of the ripper 12 substantially symmetrically with respect to the axis AX.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the rear end portion 122 of the ripper 12 is provided with a through hole 128 that penetrates from the (+ Z) side surface to the (−Z) side surface. The size of the through hole 128 in the Y direction (hereinafter referred to as “Y direction size”) is relatively narrow, whereas the size in the X direction is slightly longer than the distance that the ripper 12 reciprocates by the first drive unit 13. As shown in FIG. 2B, when viewed from the Z direction, the opening of the through hole 128 has a slit shape.

  The engagement pin 16 is inserted into the through hole 128 and both ends of the engagement pin 16 are fixed to the attachment body 11. The engaging pin 16 has a cylindrical shape having an outer diameter slightly smaller than the size of the through hole 128 in the Y direction. For this reason, when driving the ripper 12 by the first drive unit 13, the through hole 128 is always engaged with the engagement pin 16, and the movement of the ripper 12 is restricted in the X direction. That is, the ripper 12 is reciprocally movable while being guided in the X direction by the engagement pin 16. Further, when the ripper 12 is driven by the second driving unit 13, the engaging pin 16 includes the X direction as shown in FIG. It is rotatable in the R direction on the virtual surface (the paper surface in FIGS. 1 and 2B). As described above, in the present embodiment, it is movable in the X direction and the R direction, and the reciprocating movement in the X direction by the first driving unit 13 and the rotational movement in the R direction by the second driving unit 14 are performed. Can be executed.

  The first drive unit 13 is provided on the (−X) side of the ripper 12 in the internal space of the attachment body 11. In the internal space of the attachment main body 11, a hydraulic motor support unit 111 is provided in the vicinity of the ceiling, and supports the vibration hydraulic motor 131 and the rotation support bracket 132 that are the drive sources of the first drive unit 13. The vibration hydraulic motor 131 is connected to the vibration hydraulic circuit 23 (FIG. 1) of the work machine 2, and the rotation start, rotation stop, rotation speed, and the like can be controlled by the operator of the work machine 2. The rotation shaft of the vibration hydraulic motor 131 extends in the Z direction, and the tip end portion thereof is rotatably supported by a rotation support bracket 132. A pulley 133 is fixed at the center of the rotating shaft.

  At the center of the hydraulic motor support 111, an opening is provided, and a shaft support 112 is suspended from the (+ Z) side edge and the (−Z) side edge of the opening in the (+ X) direction. And the rotating shaft 134 of the 1st drive part 13 is rotatably supported with respect to the shaft support part 112 in the state extended in the Z direction. Two annular notches are provided in a central portion of the rotating shaft 134 sandwiched between the shaft support portions 112. Two V belts 135 are stretched between the pulley 133 and the notch of the rotary shaft 134. For this reason, when the vibration hydraulic motor 131 operates, the rotational driving force generated by the vibration hydraulic motor 131 is transmitted to the rotation shaft 134 via the V-belt 135, and the rotation shaft 134 rotates about the axis AX1.

  One end portion of a thick plate member 136 is fixed to each end portion of the rotating shaft 134 and can be rotated integrally with the rotation of the rotating shaft 134. In addition, one end of the link member 137 is rotatably connected to each plate member 136 at a position deviated from the fixing position between the rotary shaft 134 and the plate member 136. On the other hand, the other end of the link member 137 is rotatably connected to the ripper 12 on the (−X) side of the through hole 128. Thus, as shown in FIG. 2A, the two link members 137 are arranged so as to sandwich the ripper 12 from both sides in the Z direction and support the ripper 12 in a suspended state. As described above, when the pair of plate members 136 rotate around the axis AX1 as the rotary shaft 134 rotates, one end of the link member 137 rotates around the axis AX2 and the other end of the link member 137 rotates around the axis AX3. And the ripper 12 is reciprocated in the Z direction. Thus, in the present embodiment, the ripper 12 is vibrated using a so-called eccentric mechanism. Further, when the ripper 12 vibrates, the through hole 128 of the ripper 12 is always engaged with the engagement pin 16 as described above, so that the vibration of the ripper 12 can be stabilized.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the “hydraulic hydraulic motor 131, the rotation support bracket 132, the pulley 133, the rotation shaft 134, the V belt 135, the plate member 136, and the link member 137 constitute the“ first drive unit ”of the present invention. ing. However, the configuration for reciprocating the ripper 12 is not limited to this, and may be arbitrary. For example, an eccentric gear described in Non-Patent Document 1 may be used. Further, when the ripper 12 is reciprocated by the vibration hydraulic motor 131, the rotation hydraulic motor 141 of the second drive unit 14 to be described below is maintained in a free state and the rotation hydraulic pressure during the reciprocation of the ripper 12 is maintained. The motor 141 is prevented from becoming a resistance.

  The second drive unit 14 includes a rotating hydraulic motor 141, a disk-shaped rotating plate 142 attached to the rotating shaft of the motor 14, and a link member 143. The rotation hydraulic motor 141 is connected to the rotation hydraulic circuit 24 of the work machine 2, and the rotation start, rotation stop, rotation speed, and the like can be controlled by the operator of the work machine 2. A rotating plate 142 is attached to the rotating shaft of the rotating hydraulic motor 141 via a speed reducer (not shown), and rotates according to the operation of the rotating hydraulic motor 141. As shown in FIG. 3, one end of the link member 143 is attached to the rotary plate 142 so as to be rotatable around the axis AX <b> 5 at a connection position deviated from the rotary axis AX <b> 4 of the rotary plate 142. Further, the other end of the link member 143 is rotatably attached to the intermediate portion of the ripper 12. Therefore, when the rotation hydraulic motor 141 is operated with the vibration hydraulic motor 131 being free, the ripper 12 rotates in the R direction according to the rotation angle of the rotation plate 142. Note that reference numeral 144 in FIG. 3 denotes a weight portion, which is on the surface in the (−Z) direction of the rotating plate 142 on the side opposite to the connection position (the rotation support position at one end of the link member 143) with respect to the axis AX4. It is attached and suppresses fluctuations in the load applied to the hydraulic motor 141 when the ripper 12 is rotated. As a result, the rotation operation can be stabilized.

  In the ripper 12, as shown in FIG. 2B, two support pins 129 are erected in the (+ Z) direction at an intermediate position between the attachment position of the link member 143 and the through hole 128. The spring receiving plate 17 is supported by the support pins 129 and moves together with the movement of the ripper 12 in the X direction. The surface of the spring receiving plate 17 on the (−X) side faces a spring receiving portion 113 extending from the inner wall of the attachment main body 11 toward the internal space, and between the spring receiving plate 17 and the spring receiving portion 113. The compression springs 15 are arranged in the Y direction. In the drawing, the compression springs 15 are arranged only in the (+ Z) direction. However, two compression springs 15 are similarly arranged in the (−Z) direction, and a total of four compression springs 15 are arranged. Is provided so as to surround the periphery of the ripper 12. For this reason, when the spring receiving plate 17 moves in the (−X) direction as the ripper 12 moves in the (−X) direction, each compression spring 15 contracts and the spring force is stored. As the first driving unit 13 moves the (+ X) direction of the ripper 12, the above-described spring force pushes the ripper 12 in the (+ X) direction and pushes down the ripper 12, and the driving force by the first driving unit 13 and the compression spring The spring force of 15 is added, and the ripper 12 can be pressed against the object to be crushed 3 with a large force.

  Next, a method of crushing the periphery of the hole 31 with the crushing attachment 1 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. Note that “ON” and “OFF” in FIG. 7 (and FIG. 7 described later) indicate that the hydraulic motors 131 and 141 are in an operating state and a stopped state, respectively.

  In the present embodiment, the crushing attachment 1 is mounted after the drilling hole 31 having the inner diameter d is formed in the (+ X) direction with respect to the object 3 at a position away from the free surface 32 in the (−Y) direction. The work machine 2 performs the split rock process and the ripping process on the periphery of the hole 31. The operator operates the work implement 2 to insert the tip 121 of the ripper 12 into the hole 31 as shown in FIG. 2, and the contact surfaces 123 a and 123 b formed on the tip 121 are respectively locked to the inner wall of the hole 31. The Further, before and after inserting the ripper 12 into the hole 31, the operator starts the operation of the vibration hydraulic motor 131 to vibrate the ripper 12 in the X direction (reference numeral α in FIG. 4). At this time, the rotating hydraulic motor 141 is kept stopped.

  Then, the operator operates the work machine 2 and pushes the ripper 12 vibrating in the X direction into the deep part of the hole 31 as shown in FIG. At this time, a tensile stress in the Y direction from the hole 31 acts on the inner wall of the hole 31 as indicated by a white arrow in the figure, and the tip is a distance determined by the pushing amount of the ripper 12 and the inclination angle of the inclined surface 123. The portion 121 pushes the free surface side of the inner wall of the hole 31, that is, the (+ Y) side, and a crack K is generated in the Z direction from the hole 31.

  When the pushing amount reaches a certain value, as shown in FIG. 4B, the crack K further extends in the Z direction, and the crack K enters the free surface 32 from the drilled hole 31 inside the object 3 to be crushed. As a result, the crushing portion 33 is separated from the object to be crushed 3 in a block shape, and the crushing and removal from the object to be crushed 3 becomes easy. At this point, the operator stops the vibration hydraulic motor 131 to stop the vibration of the ripper 12.

Following this, the operator operates only the rotating hydraulic motor 141. As a result, the attachment main body 11 is located within the virtual plane (paper surface in FIG. 4) including the vibration direction X with the engagement position where the through hole 128 of the ripper 12 and the engagement pin 16 are engaged as the rotation center. Thus, the ripper 12 rotates in the R direction (reference symbol β in FIG. 4). At this time, the contact surface 123b located on the crushing part 33 side pushes the crushing part 33 to the free surface side and removes it from the object to be crushed 3 (rip process). Of course, the operator may move the crushing attachment 1 to the free surface 32 side in the same manner as the crushing method described in Non-Patent Document 1 during the ripping process by the second drive unit 14.
By repeating such processing, the area to be crushed on the free surface 32 side can be crushed to the deep part of the object 3 to be crushed.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, as an operation mode of the ripper 12, not only the split rock operation that vibrates in the hole forming direction (+ X) and gives the crack K to the periphery of the hole 31 but also the crack K A limping operation for rimming the given crushing portion 33 can also be performed, and excellent crushing efficiency can be obtained.

  Thus, in the first embodiment, the X direction corresponds to the “first direction” of the present invention, and the R direction corresponds to the “second direction” of the present invention.

Second Embodiment
By the way, in 1st Embodiment, after making the tensile stress of the Y direction act on the to-be-crushed material 3 from the drilling hole 31 using the ripper 12, the crushing part 33 is rimping removed. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently crush the object to be crushed 3 with less energy. Here, in order to generate a tensile stress sufficient to split rock, it is desirable to set the inclination angle of the inclined surface 123 to a relatively small value. This is because there are two types of stress that the inclined surface 123 gives to the periphery of the drilling hole 31, tensile stress and compressive stress. However, when the inclination angle is relatively small, tensile stress is mainly applied, and excellent efficiency is achieved. Although the crack K can be given to the material 3 to be crushed, the compression stress gradually increases as the angle increases, the ratio of tensile stress decreases, and the split rock efficiency decreases.

  On the other hand, as the inclination angle becomes smaller, the inclined surface 123 (the contact surfaces 123a and 123b) of the ripper 12 becomes easier to bite into the hole 31. Therefore, the inventors of the present application manufactured rippers 12 having different inclination angles and crushed various objects to be crushed 3 with these rippers 12, and performed crushing work using the ripper 12 having the tip shape shown in FIG. As long as it is carried out, there is a possibility that sudden biting may occur during the operation of giving the crack K, that is, during the split rock treatment, regardless of the amount of pushing.

  Further, it was confirmed that the biting does not occur when the inclination angle is equal to or larger than a certain angle. In this specification, the critical angle at which the biting does not occur is referred to as “the biting critical angle θcr”. The biting critical angle θcr is the property (hardness, weathered state, consolidated state) of the object 3 to be crushed. , The status of joints, etc.).

  Furthermore, it is also confirmed that if a crack is introduced around the hole 31 before splitting at the tip 121, even if the ripper 12 has an inclination angle smaller than the biting critical angle θcr, no biting occurs. It was done.

  Therefore, based on the above knowledge, the inventor of the present application suppresses the biting of the ripper 12 into the drilling hole by providing a crack introduction portion on the tip side rather than the so-called split rock portion that gives the crack K by the contact surfaces 123a and 123b. I got the conclusion that it was possible. And the ripper 12 with the crack introduction part demonstrated below was created. Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 5 is a view partially showing a second embodiment of the crushing attachment according to the present invention. The difference between the ripper 12 and the ripper shown in FIG. 2 is that cracks are introduced on the tip side, that is, on the (+ X) side of the split rock portion 125 that exhibits the same function (split rock function) corresponding to the tip portion of the ripper 12. A portion 126 is provided, and is located at the foremost position of the ripper 12. The other configuration is basically the same as that of the ripper 12. Therefore, the configuration of the crack introducing portion 126 will be mainly described, and the same or corresponding configurations are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  The crack introduction portion 126 has an outer diameter Df smaller than the inner diameter d of the drilling hole 31 and the outer diameter increases as it advances toward the rear end, and the outer diameter Dr on the rear end side is larger than the inner diameter d of the drilling hole 31. And the crack introduction surface 127 is separated into two contact surfaces 127a and 127b in the same manner as the side surface of the split rock portion 125, that is, the inclined surface 123, by the two notches 124. Has been. In this way, the contact surfaces 127a and 127b are also provided substantially symmetrically with the same arrangement as the contact surfaces 123a and 123b of the inclined surface 123 with respect to the axis AX.

  Next, when crushing the periphery of the drilling hole 31 using the crushing attachment 1 equipped with the ripper 12 configured as described above, the inner diameter d is separated from the free surface 32 in the (−Y) direction. After forming the hole 31 (drilling step), the tip of the ripper 12 is inserted into the hole 31, and the contact surfaces 127 a and 127 b of the crack introduction surface 127 located at the foremost position of the ripper 12 are formed in the hole 31. And the vibration hydraulic motor 131 is operated to introduce a crack around the hole 31 by the crack introduction part 126. After that, similarly to the first embodiment, the rock formation process is performed by further pushing in the drilling formation direction (+ X) while vibrating the ripper 12 in the X direction, and then the ripping process is performed.

  As described above, in the second embodiment, the crushing process is performed using the ripper 12 in which the crack introducing part 126 is provided on the tip side (+ X side) of the chisel from the split rock part 125 that performs the split rock process. Cracks are sequentially introduced around the hole 31 in parallel with the pushing of the ripper 12 into the hole 31 while suppressing the crack introduction surface 127 of the portion 126 from biting into the hole 31. Then, the split rock treatment is performed by the split rock portion 125 in a state where the crack is introduced in this way. For this reason, the possibility that the inclined surface 123 of the split rock portion 125 bites into the drilling hole 31 is greatly reduced. As a result, the crushing operation by the ripper 12 can be efficiently performed while effectively suppressing the ripper 12 from biting into the hole 31.

  The crack introduction part 126 is mainly intended to prevent cracking of the ripper 12 by introducing a crack around the hole 31 before performing the split rock treatment by the split rock part 125 as described above. Therefore, it is not always necessary to provide the crack introducing portion 126 large, but rather, the crack introducing portion 126 in the direction X of the axis AX is set short, for example, about several tens [mm], and the split rock portion 125 is set relatively long. Is desirable. For example, it is desirable to set the ratio of the crack introduction part 126 and the split rock part 125 in the direction X of the axis AX to about 1: 5 to 1:10. In addition, the above-mentioned effects can be obtained by setting the inclination angle θ127 of the crack introduction surface 127 with respect to the direction X to be larger than the inclination angle θ123 of the side surface (inclined surface 123) of the swarf portion 125. It is preferable to set a value larger than the critical angle θcr. As a result, the crack introduction surface 127 can be reliably prevented from biting into the hole 31, the occurrence of biting of the ripper 12 can be reliably prevented, and work efficiency can be further improved.

  As described above, in the second embodiment, the contact surfaces 123a and 123b of the split rock portion 125 of the inclined surface of the tip portion 121 function as the “crack expansion surface” of the present invention, and the contact surface 127a of the crack introduction portion 126. 127b functions as the “crack introduction surface” of the present invention. The Y direction corresponds to the “third direction” of the present invention. Furthermore, the numbers of the crack expansion surface and the crack introduction surface may be different from each other.

<Third Embodiment>
FIG. 6 is a view showing a third embodiment of the crushing attachment according to the present invention. The third embodiment is greatly different from the first embodiment in the structure of the tip 121 of the ripper 12. In the third embodiment, the tip 121 of the ripper 12 has a two-part structure. That is, the front end portion 121 is connected to and integrated with the rear end portion 122 continuously, and the tip main body portion 1211 and the tip portion 1212 detachably attached to the (+ X) side end portion of the front end main body portion 1211. The tip portion 1212 can be fixed to the distal end main body portion 1211 by the connecting member 1213. In the third embodiment, the tip portion 1212 is finished in an inverted conical shape.

<Fourth embodiment>
In the said 1st thru | or 3rd embodiment, when the drilling hole 31 is formed in the to-be-crushed object 3, and the periphery of the drilling hole is crushed using the said drilling hole 31, and the hardness of the to-be-crushed object 3 is comparatively low Needless to say, the crushing operation can be effectively performed even when the height is high. Here, when the hardness of the material 3 to be crushed is relatively low, the material 3 to be crushed can be crushed by the ripper 12 without forming the hole 31. Hereinafter, a method of performing a crushing operation using the crushing attachment 1 shown in FIG. 6 will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 7 is a view showing a fourth embodiment of the crushing attachment according to the present invention. In the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7A, the tip of the ripper 12, that is, the tip portion 1212 is brought into contact with the surface of the object to be crushed 3 at a position away from the free surface 32 in the (−Y) direction. And the vibration hydraulic motor 131 is operated. The vibration start timing of the ripper 12 is not limited to this, and the vibration of the ripper 12 may be started before and after contact.

  In this way, when the ripper 12 is oscillated by the vibration of the ripper 12 and the ripper 12 is pushed into the crushing object 3 and the amount of pushing reaches a certain value ((b) in the figure), the operation of the vibration hydraulic motor 131 is activated. The vibration of the ripper 12 is stopped by stopping. After that, only the rotating hydraulic motor 141 is operated as in the first embodiment. As a result, the attachment main body 11 is located within the virtual plane (the paper surface of FIG. 7) including the vibration direction X with the engagement position where the through hole 128 of the ripper 12 and the engagement pin 16 are engaged as the rotation center. Thus, the ripper 12 rotates in the R direction (symbol β in FIG. 7). Thereby, the front-end | tip part 121 of the ripper 12 pushes the crushing part 33 to the free surface side, and removes it from the to-be-crushed object 3 (rip process). By repeating such processing, the area to be crushed on the free surface 32 side can be crushed to the deep part of the object 3 to be crushed.

  As described above, according to the fourth embodiment, the split rock treatment and the ripping treatment can be continuously performed without forming the drilling hole 31, and the crushing efficiency can be further increased.

<Others>
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications other than those described above can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the first to fourth embodiments, the tip 121 of the ripper 12 has a tapered shape, but the shape of the tip 121 is not limited to this, and for example, as shown in FIG. Moreover, you may use what has the shape bent in reverse J shape.

  In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the two notches 124 are provided on the tip portion 121 to form two contact surfaces. However, the number, size, and shape of the contact surfaces are different. Is not limited to this. For example, the inclined surface 123 and the crack introduction surface 127 may each be a single contact surface without providing a notch.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the center part and the rear-end part 122 of the ripper 12 have a cylindrical shape, a shape is not limited to this, For example, similarly to patent document 1, YZ cross-sectional shape is You may comprise so that it may become a substantially rectangular shape.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the ripper 12 is vibrated in the X direction by the eccentric mechanism using the hydraulic motor 131 as a drive source. However, the configuration of the first drive unit 13 that reciprocates the ripper 12 in the X direction is limited to this. It is not what is done. Further, the second drive unit 14 that rotates the ripper 12 in the R direction may be configured other than the combination of the hydraulic motor 141 and the eccentric mechanism, similarly to the first drive unit 13. In the above embodiment, the first drive unit 13 is configured to transmit the rotational force of the hydraulic motor 131 as it is, while the second drive unit 14 is configured to transmit the rotational force of the hydraulic motor 141 via a speed reducer. However, it is optional whether or not the rotational force from the hydraulic motor is transmitted via the speed reducer.

  The present invention can be applied to all crushing techniques for crushing objects to be crushed, such as rocks, rocks, and concrete structures.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Attachment for crushing 2 ... Working machine 3 ... Object to be crushed 11 ... Attachment main-body part 12 ... Ripper 13 ... 1st drive part 14 ... 2nd drive part 31 ... Drilling hole 121 ... Tip part of (ripper) 122 ... (Ripper) ) Rear end portion 123 ... inclined surfaces 123a and 123b ... contact surface (crack expansion surface)
127a, 127b ... contact surface (crack introduction surface)
128 ... Through hole 131 ... Hydraulic hydraulic motor 141 ... Rotating hydraulic motor K ... Crack R ... Rotating direction (second direction)
X ... Drilling direction (first direction)
θ123… Inclination angle (of crack expansion surface) θ127… Inclination angle (of crack introduction surface)

Claims (9)

A crushing attachment that is attached to a work machine and crushes an object to be crushed,
An attachment main body detachable from the working machine;
With the front end protruding from the attachment main body in the first direction, it can reciprocate in the first direction with respect to the attachment main body and rotate the rear end in a virtual plane including the first direction. A ripper attached to the attachment main body so as to be rotatable in the second direction as a moving center;
A first drive unit that reciprocally moves the ripper in the first direction with the tip of the ripper being in contact with the object to be crushed to crack the object to be crushed;
A crushing attachment, comprising: a second drive unit that rotates the ripper in the second direction in a state in which a tip portion of the ripper enters the object to be crushed. It is a ripper that is attached to the attachment body and crushes the object to be crushed by the tip,
The rear end portion engages with the attachment main body portion in a state where the front end portion protrudes from the attachment main body portion in the first direction, and can be reciprocally attached to the attachment main body portion in the first direction. And
The engagement position between the rear end portion and the attachment main body is pivotable in the second direction with respect to the attachment main body within a virtual plane including the first direction. Ripper to do. A ripper according to claim 2,
The tip is a ripper having a tapered shape. The ripper according to claim 2, wherein the periphery of the hole formed in the object to be crushed is crushed.
The front end portion has a front end surface having a first outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the drilling hole and an outer diameter that increases from the front end surface toward the rear end portion, and is larger than the inner diameter of the drilling hole. A ripper having an inclined surface serving as a second outer diameter. A ripper according to claim 4,
The inclined surface of the tip has a crack expansion surface and a crack introduction surface,
The crack enlargement surface presses the inner wall of the drilling hole in a third direction orthogonal to the first direction by the tip portion being pushed into the drilling hole, and splits the periphery of the drilling hole,
The crack introduction surface is provided on the front end side with respect to the crack expansion surface, the outer diameter on the front end side is smaller than the inner diameter of the drilling hole, and the outer diameter increases toward the rear end side, and the outer diameter on the rear end side Is inclined to be larger than the inner diameter of the hole,
A ripper having an inclination angle of the crack introduction surface with respect to the first direction larger than an inclination angle of the crack expansion surface with respect to the first direction. A crushing method for crushing the periphery of a hole formed in an object to be crushed by the crushing attachment according to claim 1,
While the tip of the ripper is in contact with the inner wall of the drilling hole, the tip of the ripper is advanced toward the deep part of the drilling hole while the ripper is reciprocated in the first direction by the first driving unit. An entry process;
A ripping step of rotating the ripper in the second direction by the second driving unit after the entering step to remove the object to be crushed on the second direction side around the hole. Crushing method. The crushing method according to claim 6,
The crushing method is a crushing method in which the approaching step is a step of cracking the periphery of the drilling hole by advancing the tip of the ripper finished in a tapered shape toward the deep part of the drilling hole. A crushing method for crushing an object to be crushed by the crushing attachment according to claim 1,
With the front end of the ripper in contact with the surface of the object to be crushed, the first drive unit reciprocates the ripper in the first direction so that the front end of the ripper is placed inside the object to be crushed. An entry process to enter,
A crushing method comprising: a ripping step of removing the object to be crushed by rotating the ripper in the second direction by the second driving unit after the entering step. The crushing method according to claim 8,
The approach step includes cracking the object to be crushed by causing the tip of the ripper to enter the object to be crushed while bringing the tip of the ripper finished in a tapered shape into contact with the object to be crushed. The crushing method which is a process to give.

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