JP2014531550A - Bypass steam line - Google Patents

Bypass steam line Download PDF

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JP2014531550A
JP2014531550A JP2014527565A JP2014527565A JP2014531550A JP 2014531550 A JP2014531550 A JP 2014531550A JP 2014527565 A JP2014527565 A JP 2014527565A JP 2014527565 A JP2014527565 A JP 2014527565A JP 2014531550 A JP2014531550 A JP 2014531550A
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mixing
mixing unit
flow
steam
laval
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JP5739070B2 (en
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ペーター・ベレンブリンク
フランク・ダイドヴィヒ
ホルガー・ゲダニッツ
ディルク・ハックリーデ
マリオ・ケーベー
ベルント・プラデ
ホルスト・ウーヴェ・ラウ
シュテファン・シェスターク
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シーメンス アクティエンゲゼルシャフト
シーメンス アクティエンゲゼルシャフト
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
    • F22G5/00—Controlling superheat temperature
    • F22G5/12—Controlling superheat temperature by attemperating the superheated steam, e.g. by injected water sprays
    • F22G5/123—Water injection apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
    • F01D25/12—Cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/21—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media
    • B01F23/213—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids
    • B01F23/2132—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids using nozzles
    • B01F23/21321—High pressure atomization, i.e. the liquid is atomized and sprayed by a jet at high pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/312—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof
    • B01F25/3123—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof with two or more Venturi elements
    • B01F25/31232—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof with two or more Venturi elements used simultaneously
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/312—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof
    • B01F25/3124—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof characterised by the place of introduction of the main flow
    • B01F25/31242—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof characterised by the place of introduction of the main flow the main flow being injected in the central area of the venturi, creating an aspiration in the circumferential part of the conduit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
    • B01F35/91—Heating or cooling systems using gas or liquid injected into the material, e.g. using liquefied carbon dioxide or steam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
    • F02C3/30—Adding water, steam or other fluids for influencing combustion, e.g. to obtain cleaner exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
    • F02C7/14—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel
    • F02C7/141—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel of working fluid
    • F02C7/143—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel of working fluid before or between the compressor stages
    • F02C7/1435—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel of working fluid before or between the compressor stages by water injection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
    • F02C7/16—Cooling of plants characterised by cooling medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
    • F22G5/00—Controlling superheat temperature
    • F22G5/12—Controlling superheat temperature by attemperating the superheated steam, e.g. by injected water sprays
    • F22G5/123—Water injection apparatus
    • F22G5/126—Water injection apparatus in combination with steam-pressure reducing valves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
    • B01F2035/98—Cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/31—Application in turbines in steam turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/60—Fluid transfer
    • F05D2260/601—Fluid transfer using an ejector or a jet pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/96—Preventing, counteracting or reducing vibration or noise

Abstract

本発明は、バイパスステーションにおいて水を蒸気に混合するための混合ユニット（１）に関し、複数のラバルノズル（５，５ａ，５ｂ，．．．）が混合ユニット（１）に配置され、ラバルノズル（５，５ａ，５ｂ，．．．）が互いに対して水蒸気方向において軸方向に移動し、その結果騒音放射が全体的に低減される。The present invention relates to a mixing unit (1) for mixing water with steam in a bypass station, wherein a plurality of Laval nozzles (5, 5a, 5b, ...) are arranged in the mixing unit (1), 5a, 5b,.

Description

本発明は、流れ媒体を冷却媒体と混合するための混合ユニットに関連し、該混合ユニットは、混合部が流体的に連結されたパイプ導管部を備え、混合部は、複数のラバルノズルを備え、それらを通り流れ媒体が流れることができ、冷却媒体が流れる噴射ダクトがラバルノズルに形成され、それにより流れ媒体と冷却媒体の混合が行われる。   The present invention relates to a mixing unit for mixing a flow medium with a cooling medium, the mixing unit comprising a pipe conduit part to which the mixing part is fluidly connected, the mixing part comprising a plurality of Laval nozzles, A flow medium can flow therethrough, and an injection duct through which the cooling medium flows is formed in the Laval nozzle, whereby the flow medium and the cooling medium are mixed.

蒸気発電所において、蒸気が蒸気発生器で生成され、蒸気発生器に流体的に連結されたターボセットで蒸気の熱エネルギーを回転エネルギーに変換する。回転エネルギーは、最後に電気エネルギーに変換される。蒸気発電所が連続的に運転し、かつ発電機への負荷が比較的一定である限り、熱力学的条件は、長期間にわたり比較的一定である。   In a steam power plant, steam is generated by a steam generator, and the heat energy of the steam is converted into rotational energy by a turbo set fluidly connected to the steam generator. The rotational energy is finally converted into electrical energy. As long as the steam power plant operates continuously and the load on the generator is relatively constant, the thermodynamic conditions are relatively constant over time.

しかし、蒸気発電所が負荷状態を迅速に変更するよう適合されなければならないという状況がある。例えばある事態が発生し、かつネットワークから発電機が突然分離されなければならないということがある。また蒸気発電所が予期せず全負荷から部分負荷に変更しなければならないということが起こる場合がある。このような負荷変化は、蒸気発電所全体を制御するための技術に対する挑戦である。負荷変化の状況に迅速に従う、または対抗する１つの可能性は、蒸気発生器によって発生し、かつ連続運転または全負荷運転中に高圧サブタービンに直接流れる蒸気を、バイパスステーションを介して凝縮器に直接送るということである。このバイパスステーションにおいて、非常に熱い蒸気を水と混合し、それにより蒸気の熱力学的条件を変更する装置が設けられる。従来技術によると、これは、水が蒸気に噴出される噴射ダクトを有するラバルノズルに配置されるバイパスステーションにおいて行われる。   However, there are situations in which steam power plants must be adapted to change load conditions quickly. For example, a situation may occur and the generator must be suddenly disconnected from the network. It may also happen that a steam power plant has to unexpectedly change from full load to partial load. Such load changes are a challenge to technology to control the entire steam power plant. One possibility to quickly follow or counter the load change situation is that the steam generated by the steam generator and flowing directly to the high pressure sub-turbine during continuous or full load operation is passed to the condenser via the bypass station. Send directly. In this bypass station, a device is provided for mixing very hot steam with water, thereby changing the thermodynamic conditions of the steam. According to the prior art, this is done in a bypass station arranged in a Laval nozzle with an injection duct through which water is jetted into steam.

しかしこれにより、騒音放射が比較的高いということが示される。さらに、温度分配が十分な一様でなく、それにより部分負荷下において非最適な運転状態をまねくことが示されている。   However, this indicates that the noise emission is relatively high. Furthermore, it has been shown that the temperature distribution is not sufficiently uniform, thereby leading to non-optimal operating conditions under partial loads.

今日使用されるバイパスステーションは、基本的にバイパス弁およびバイパス蒸気送込みから成る。バイパス蒸気送込みは、隔壁、水噴射装置および混合パイプを備える。蒸気発電所が起動する時、またはトリップの後、蒸気タービンにおいて生じる蒸気は、バイパスステーションを通り水の噴射によって冷却され、かつ凝縮器に直接導入される。   The bypass station used today basically consists of a bypass valve and a bypass steam feed. The bypass steam feed includes a partition wall, a water injection device and a mixing pipe. When the steam power plant starts up or after a trip, the steam generated in the steam turbine is cooled by a water jet through a bypass station and introduced directly into the condenser.

本発明の目的は、運転中の水と蒸気のより良好な混合と同時に騒音放射を低減することを可能にすることである。   The object of the present invention is to make it possible to reduce noise radiation simultaneously with better mixing of water and steam during operation.

この目的は、流れ媒体を冷却媒体と混合するための混合ユニットによって達成され、該混合ユニットは、混合部が流体的に連結されたパイプ導管部を備え、混合部は、それを通り流れ媒体が流れることができる複数のラバルノズルを備え、冷却媒体が流れる噴射ダクトがラバルノズルに形成され、それにより流れ媒体と冷却媒体の混合が行われ、互いに隣接するラバルノズルは、流れ媒体の流れ方向において互いに対してオフセットされるように配置される。   This object is achieved by a mixing unit for mixing the flow medium with the cooling medium, said mixing unit comprising a pipe conduit part to which the mixing part is fluidly connected, through which the mixing part passes the flow medium. A plurality of Laval nozzles that can flow and an injection duct through which a cooling medium flows are formed in the Laval nozzle, whereby mixing of the flow medium and the cooling medium is performed, and the adjacent Laval nozzles are relative to each other in the flow direction of the flow medium. Arranged to be offset.

好都合な発展形は、サブクレームに規定されている。   Convenient developments are defined in the subclaims.

したがって本発明は、蒸気が単一の隔壁開口部のみを通り流れるという既存の概念に反して、複数の隔壁開口部を用いる経路を達成しようとするものである。単一の隔壁開口部を使用することによって生じる欠点は、特に混合部の縁において混合が最適ではないということである。複数の隔壁開口部を用いることにより、より良好な混合および騒音放射の低減が達成される。   Thus, the present invention seeks to achieve a path that uses multiple partition openings, contrary to the existing concept that steam flows only through a single partition opening. The disadvantage caused by using a single septum opening is that mixing is not optimal, especially at the edges of the mixing section. By using multiple septum openings, better mixing and noise emission reduction is achieved.

本発明の必須の発想は、互いに隣接する２つのラバルノズルが、流れ方向において互いに対してオフセットするように配置されるということである。蒸気を冷却するために、バイパスモードにおいて水がバイパス蒸気ラインに射出される。水の良好な噴霧化を達成し、それにより冷却を有効にするために、混合される前の蒸気がラバルノズルを通り、または多孔隔壁を通り送られることにより、流速が急激に上昇するという結果になる。蒸気および水滴の間の相対的に速い速度は、良好な噴霧化につながるが、水滴が蒸気流のコアに到達せず、それにより蒸気流の内部または内部コアが十分冷却されないという欠点を有する。ラバルノズルは、この場合、流れ媒体の流れ方向において軸方向に移動する。流れがラバルノズルを通過すると、音波が発生する。音波は、ラバルノズルの後ろに発生する。ラバルノズルがそのうえ互いに対してある長さ分軸方向に移動することにより、互いに隣接する異なるラバルノズルの音波ピークおよび音波の谷は、互いに打ち消し合い、全体として音放射は著しく低減される。   The essential idea of the present invention is that two Laval nozzles adjacent to each other are arranged to be offset with respect to each other in the flow direction. In order to cool the steam, water is injected into the bypass steam line in the bypass mode. In order to achieve good atomization of water and thereby enable cooling, the result is that the steam before mixing is passed through a Laval nozzle or through a porous partition, resulting in a rapid increase in flow rate. Become. The relatively fast speed between the steam and the water droplets leads to good atomization, but has the disadvantage that the water droplets do not reach the core of the steam flow and thereby the internal or inner core of the steam flow is not sufficiently cooled. In this case, the Laval nozzle moves axially in the flow direction of the flow medium. As the flow passes through the Laval nozzle, sound waves are generated. Sound waves are generated behind the Laval nozzle. As the Laval nozzles are further moved axially relative to each other, the acoustic peaks and troughs of the different Laval nozzles adjacent to each other cancel each other, and the overall sound emission is significantly reduced.

したがってここでの必須の機構は、互いに隣接して配置された個々のラバルノズルが軸方向に互いに移動するということである。   Therefore, the essential mechanism here is that the individual Laval nozzles arranged adjacent to each other move relative to each other in the axial direction.

ラバルノズルは、移動装置に連結され、運転中にラバルノズルの移動が可能である。したがって、電気的または液圧的に、または他の手段によって行うことが可能な能動的な移動を提供することが提案され、それにより運転中に異なる周波数帯が影響受けることができるようにラバルノズル平面が互いに対して移動することができる。したがって騒音放射は、異なる運転状態において積極的に低減されることができる。   The Laval nozzle is connected to a moving device, and the Laval nozzle can be moved during operation. It is therefore proposed to provide an active movement that can be performed electrically or hydraulically or by other means, so that different frequency bands can be affected during operation. Can move relative to each other. Thus, noise emission can be actively reduced in different operating conditions.

第１の好都合な発展形において、ラバルノズルは、互いに同一に設計される。これは、音波の谷および音波ピークのより良好な計算可能性につながり、したがってどのくらい軸方向移動を行わなければならないかを音放射からの計算によってより効果的に予め決定することができる。   In a first advantageous development, the Laval nozzles are designed identical to each other. This leads to better computability of the sonic valleys and sonic peaks, so that how much axial movement must be made can be more effectively pre-determined by calculation from the sound radiation.

さらに好都合な発展形において、ラバルノズルは、移動装置に連結され、運転中のラバルノズルの移動が可能となる。したがって、電気的または液圧的、または他の手段によって行うことが可能な能動的な移動を提供することが提案され、それにより運転中に異なる周波数帯に影響を与えることができるようにラバルノズル平面が互いに対して移動することができる。したがって異なる運転状態においても騒音放射を積極的に低減することができる。   In a further advantageous development, the Laval nozzle is connected to a moving device, allowing the Laval nozzle to move during operation. It is therefore proposed to provide active movement that can be performed electrically or hydraulically or by other means, so that different frequency bands can be affected during operation so that the Laval nozzle plane Can move relative to each other. Therefore, noise emission can be actively reduced even in different operating conditions.

そして本発明は、例示的な実施形態によってより詳細に説明される。   The invention is then described in more detail by way of exemplary embodiments.

従来の混合ユニットの横断面図を示す。A cross-sectional view of a conventional mixing unit is shown. 本発明による混合ユニットの横断面図を示す。Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a mixing unit according to the present invention. 混合ユニットの一部の横断面図を示す。Fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a part of the mixing unit.

図１は、従来技術による混合ユニット１を示す。このような混合ユニット１は、流れ媒体３が混合部４の方向に流れるパイプ導管部２によって特徴付けられる。この混合部４において、その中で流れ媒体が加速されるラバルノズル５が配置される。ラバルノズル５に配置されるのは、噴射ダクト６であり、これを通り水などの冷却媒体が流れる。冷却媒体は、混合ユニット４に流体的に接続されたパイプ部７において流れ媒体３と混合される。   FIG. 1 shows a mixing unit 1 according to the prior art. Such a mixing unit 1 is characterized by a pipe conduit part 2 in which the flow medium 3 flows in the direction of the mixing part 4. In this mixing part 4, a Laval nozzle 5 is arranged in which the flow medium is accelerated. Arranged in the Laval nozzle 5 is an injection duct 6 through which a cooling medium such as water flows. The cooling medium is mixed with the flow medium 3 in a pipe part 7 fluidly connected to the mixing unit 4.

図２は、本発明による混合ユニット１の図を示す。図１による混合ユニット１との相違点は、混合部４において複数のラバルノズル５ａ，５ｂ，５ｃが配置され、これらを通り流れ媒体３が流れ、かつ各ラバルノズルに噴射ダクト６が形成され、これによって水が流れ媒体に混合される。さらに、図１および図２の混合ユニット１の相違点は、軸方向と呼ばれることもできる流れ媒体方向８において、ラバルノズル５ａ，５ｂ，５ｃが互いに対して移動することである。この移動の結果として、隣接するラバルノズルの音波ピークと一致する音波の谷が打ち消される。音放射の全体的な減少がそれにより達成される。最後に、より詳細には図示されていない凝縮器にパイプ部７が接続される。   FIG. 2 shows a diagram of a mixing unit 1 according to the invention. The difference from the mixing unit 1 according to FIG. 1 is that a plurality of Laval nozzles 5a, 5b, 5c are arranged in the mixing section 4, the flow medium 3 flows through them, and an injection duct 6 is formed in each Laval nozzle. Water is mixed into the flow medium. Furthermore, the difference between the mixing unit 1 of FIGS. 1 and 2 is that the Laval nozzles 5a, 5b, 5c move relative to each other in the flow medium direction 8, which may also be referred to as the axial direction. As a result of this movement, the trough of the sound wave that coincides with the sound wave peak of the adjacent Laval nozzle is canceled. An overall reduction in sound emission is thereby achieved. Finally, the pipe part 7 is connected to a condenser not shown in more detail.

互いに対するラバルノズル５ａ，５ｂ，５ｃの軸方向移動は、電気または液圧力による能動的な移動によって行うことができる。これは、異なる運転状態が生じる運転中に行うことができる。それにより異なる周波数帯が影響を受け、したがって運転中においても騒音放射が全体的に低減されることができる。   The axial movement of the Laval nozzles 5a, 5b, 5c relative to each other can be effected by active movement by means of electricity or hydraulic pressure. This can be done during operation where different operating conditions occur. Thereby, different frequency bands are affected, so that noise emission can be reduced overall even during operation.

周波数帯を運転中に測定することができ、かつ騒音放射が最小となるように隔壁が互いに対して移動することができる。発電所の試運転中にもっとも好ましい軸方向位置を各負荷点に対してあらかじめ決定することができ、かつこれらは、周波数スペクトルを積極的に測定することなく運転中に簡単に入力することができる。   The frequency bands can be measured during operation and the bulkheads can be moved relative to each other so that noise emission is minimized. During the power plant commissioning, the most preferred axial position can be predetermined for each load point, and these can be easily entered during operation without actively measuring the frequency spectrum.

図３は、一例としてラバルノズル５ａおよび５ｂの移動の図を示す。ラバルノズル５ａは、ラバルノズル５ｂに対して長さＬだけ移動している。１０００Ｈｚの音の周波数は、音速を約５００ｍ／ｓとすると、必要な長さ０．５ｍが得られる。この長さは、第１近似値として静的に設定することができ、または上述のように、運転中でも能動的な移動によって得ることができる。   FIG. 3 shows a diagram of the movement of the Laval nozzles 5a and 5b as an example. The Laval nozzle 5a has moved by a length L relative to the Laval nozzle 5b. As for the frequency of the sound of 1000 Hz, if the speed of sound is about 500 m / s, a necessary length of 0.5 m can be obtained. This length can be set statically as a first approximation or can be obtained by active movement even during operation, as described above.

１ 混合ユニット
２ パイプ導管部
３ 媒体
４ 混合部
５ ラバルノズル
５ａ，５ｂ，５ｃ ラバルノズル
６ 噴射ダクト
７ パイプ部
８ 媒体方向 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mixing unit 2 Pipe conduit part 3 Medium 4 Mixing part 5 Laval nozzle 5a, 5b, 5c Laval nozzle 6 Injection duct 7 Pipe part 8 Medium direction

Claims (6)

流れ媒体（３）を冷却媒体と混合するための混合ユニット（１）であって、
混合部（４）が流体的に連結されるパイプ導管部（２）を備え、
前記混合部（４）は、前記流れ媒体（３）が流れることができる複数のラバルノズル（５，５ａ，５ｂ，…）を備え、
前記ラバルノズル（５，５ａ，５ｂ，…）において噴射ダクト（６）が形成され、該噴射ダクトを通り前記冷却媒体が流れて、前記流れ媒体（３）と前記冷却媒体との混合が行われ、
互いに隣接するラバルノズル（５，５ａ，５ｂ，…）は、前記流れ媒体（３）の流れ方向において（８）互いに対してオフセットするように配置される、混合ユニットにおいて、
前記ラバルノズル（５，５ａ，５ｂ，…）は、移動装置に連結され、
運転中に、前記ラバルノズル（５，５ａ，５ｂ，…）の移動が可能であることを特徴とする混合ユニット（１）。 A mixing unit (1) for mixing the flow medium (3) with the cooling medium,
A pipe conduit part (2) to which the mixing part (4) is fluidly connected,
The mixing section (4) includes a plurality of Laval nozzles (5, 5a, 5b, ...) through which the flow medium (3) can flow.
An injection duct (6) is formed in the Laval nozzle (5, 5a, 5b,...), The cooling medium flows through the injection duct, and the flow medium (3) and the cooling medium are mixed.
In the mixing unit, Laval nozzles (5, 5a, 5b, ...) adjacent to each other are arranged (8) offset with respect to each other in the flow direction of the flow medium (3),
The Laval nozzles (5, 5a, 5b, ...) are connected to a moving device,
A mixing unit (1) characterized in that the Laval nozzle (5, 5a, 5b, ...) can be moved during operation. 前記ラバルノズル（５，５ａ，５ｂ，…）が互いに同一に設計される、請求項１に記載の混合ユニット（１）。   The mixing unit (1) according to claim 1, wherein the Laval nozzles (5, 5a, 5b, ...) are designed identical to each other. 前記噴射ダクト（６）が前記ラバルノズルの壁に対して斜めに形成される、請求項１または２に記載の混合ユニット（１）。   The mixing unit (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the injection duct (6) is formed obliquely with respect to the wall of the Laval nozzle. 前記流れ媒体（３）が蒸気である、請求項１〜３のいずれか一項に記載の混合ユニット（１）。   The mixing unit (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the flow medium (3) is steam. 前記冷却媒体が水である、請求項１〜４のいずれか一項に記載の混合ユニット（１）。   The mixing unit (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cooling medium is water. 電気または液圧手段によって移動が行われる、請求項１に記載の混合ユニット（１）。   2. Mixing unit (1) according to claim 1, wherein the movement is effected by electrical or hydraulic means.
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