JP2014528543A - Wind power plant rotor mounting method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a solution for improving rotor mounting and a solution for improving a method for removing and replacing a rotor blade. A suspension beam (1) for lifting and transporting a rotor blade (2) of a wind power generator (100), a crane mounting means (6) for connecting the suspension beam to a crane, and the suspension beam At least one blade fixing means (12) for fixing the rotor blade (2) to the rotor blade (2), and the rotor blade (2) supported by the suspension beam (1) are rotated around the long axis of the rotor blade (2). A pivoting means (18) around the long axis that supports the rotor blade (2) and / or a rotor blade (2) supported by the suspension beam (1) is rotatably supported around a horizontal axis that intersects the long axis. An axis turning means (10, 22) is provided. The present invention further relates to a method for mounting a rotor blade of a wind power plant using the suspended beam of the present invention. [Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a suspension beam for lifting and handling a rotor blade, and more particularly to a handling device including a suspension beam and a rotor blade for handling the rotor blade. The present invention also relates to a conveying apparatus that conveys a suspended beam, to a method for mounting a rotor blade, to a method for mounting a rotor, to a method for removing a rotor blade, and to a method for replacing a rotor blade.

  The wind power generator has been known for a long time, and the normal type is called a horizontal axis wind power generator as shown in FIG. A horizontal wind turbine generator or a wind power generator provided with a horizontal shaft rotor means a horizontal rotor shaft, which is different from a vertical rotor shaft type. It does not matter whether the rotor axis is in a precisely horizontal orientation, the purpose is only to show the basic form of the device. At present, a normal horizontal axis wind power generator has three rotor blades, and the present invention will be described later with a focus on it. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. As long as the detailed description given below makes the following sense only in the context of a horizontal axis rotor having three rotor blades, it should be assumed to correspond to including a rotor having three rotor blades.

  In order to construct a wind power generator, usually, a rotor having a plurality of rotor blades is pre-assembled on the ground at the construction position of the wind power generator, that is, a plurality of rotor blades are fixed to a rotor hub. This pre-assembled rotor is lifted off the ground, in particular with a plurality of rotor blades mounted on the rotor and fixed to a nacelle already mounted on the mast or tower without a rotor. The

  As wind power generators become larger, the rotor blades that fit them become longer and more difficult to install. Thus, for example, the rotor of the “Enercon E126 wind power generator” has a diameter of 126 m. Handling a rotor with this size is difficult and is particularly demanding with respect to the required crane. Furthermore, such rotors are not only huge in their geometric dimensions but also large in weight. Moreover, in such a modern large-scale wind power generator, the tower is very high, and in particular, the shaft height after construction is very high. Thus, the “Enercon E126” type wind turbine generator has an axial height of more than 130 m, which is comparable to three times the height of the sailing school ship “Gorch Fock”.

  In particular, lifting according to the height of the parts to be mounted is necessary, and the load substantially determines the required crane and its cost. Also, the addition of a few meters of height often requires a crane that belongs to another height class. For this reason, cranes used in the construction of large modern power generators such as “E126” belong to the largest category available as truck mounted cranes.

EP 2 003 333 A1 DE 10 2008 033 857 A1 DE 20 2010 003 033 U1 DE 201 09 835 U1 DE 103 05 543 C5

  When the rotor blades are individually mounted at predetermined positions on the rotor hub that is already mounted on the nacelle, the lifting weight is only one rotor blade. Thus, for example, the rotor blades can be mounted vertically from below on a suitably oriented rotor hub. In the case of three rotor blades, however, the remaining two mounting positions for the remaining two rotor blades are in the high position. Therefore, in order to mount the remaining two rotor blades, it is necessary to lift each rotor hub to a predetermined height, that is, higher than the rotor shaft, or to rotate the rotor hub. However, in order to rotate the rotor hub on which the rotor blade is mounted together with the rotor blade, a predetermined large force is required to lift the already mounted rotor blade at the time of rotational driving. Basically, such rotation can be achieved by driving the generator in motor mode. However, this requires proper installation of the generator from this initial stage of construction. Proper installation of the generator includes connecting the generator to a power grid (which should later be supplied with energy) in order for the generator to obtain power in motor mode. In addition, the generator needs to be supplied with appropriate power for its special work and proper control.

  General technical levels are disclosed in EP 2 003 333 A1, DE 10 2008 033 857 A1, DE 20 2010 003 033 U1, DE 201 09 835 U1 and DE 103 05 543 C5.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve at least one of the above problems, particularly all or a part of the above problems. In particular, the present invention should provide a solution to improve rotor mounting, and also to provide a solution to improve the method of removing and replacing the rotor blades as the case may be. An object of the present invention is to provide at least one of the solutions.

  According to the invention, a suspended beam according to claim 1 is provided. Such a hanging beam is provided for lifting and handling the rotor blades. The suspension beam comprises crane anchoring means which are attached to the crane together with the suspension beam, in particular suspended from it. In addition, at least one blade anchoring means is provided that is attached to the rotor blade (and vice versa) with the suspension beam. The suspension beam also has means for turning about the long axis, and the rotor blade supported by the suspension beam can be turned about the long axis of the rotor blade. In particular, the suspension beam having the pivoting means around the long axis is configured, for example, to hold the rotor blade in the horizontal direction and to rotate or pivot in a horizontal position around the horizontal rotor blade axis.

  In addition or alternatively, means for pivoting about a transverse axis are provided around a transverse axis that intersects the major axis to rotate the rotor blades held by the suspended beam. In this case, it is not important to arrange the horizontal axis at exactly 90 degrees with respect to the long axis, and in particular the rotor blades pivot around the horizontal axis so as to move up and down in particular so that the long axis changes It is only necessary to be able to make a swivel motion.

  The pivoting means about the long axis and the pivoting means about the horizontal axis are provided so that the rotor blade performs two different pivoting motions, and the two pivoting motions can achieve different purposes as described later.

  Preferably, the long axis turning means includes an actuator for dynamically turning the rotor blade. Such swiveling means around the long axis is driven, for example, by a motor and / or fluid pressure, and in particular contributes to the work of swiveling the rotor blade around the long axis. In one embodiment, the pivoting means about the long axis is composed of at least one such actuator and in particular can have a plurality of additional elements, such as a plurality of fixing elements.

  Preferably, the pivoting means about the horizontal axis is provided for passive pivoting, and additionally or selectively a brake for fixing or locking the suspension beam in at least two different pivot positions from each other. Means and / or mooring means. The pivoting means around the horizontal axis is a driven means that does not have an actuator that generates a driving force and does not particularly work, and permits and guides a predetermined pivoting motion. While the predetermined swivel motion occurs, the brake can brake or stop the swivel motion introduced in several forms. Thus, a turning motion is generated by an external force, for example, an external force such as a force due to weight. At this time, the turning motion is guided by the turning means around the horizontal axis, and particularly with respect to the turning motion direction and the turning motion speed. Guided, the guidance includes the choice of stopping the swivel movement. Here, the pivoting means about the transverse axis is formed at least by a pivot joint that provides a corresponding pivot axis, and may include additional elements such as those described above that brake or lock the pivoted position.

  In the embodiment, the suspended beam has an upper holding frame portion and a lower holding frame portion. The upper holding frame is connected to the crane, and the lower holding frame is connected to the rotor blade. In this case, the turning means around the horizontal axis is configured to execute a turning motion with respect to the upper holding frame portion of the lower holding frame portion. As a result, two holding frame portions that pivot with respect to each other are provided. Preferably, a fixed disk for fixing the lower holding frame portion to the upper holding frame portion at various turning positions can be provided. For example, for this reason, a brake, such as a shoe-type brake, can be engaged with a fixed disk, providing a braking or fixing of the pivoting position. Alternatively or additionally, the fixed disk can have a plurality of holes into which bolts or pins that can be introduced to fix the pivoting position.

  In the embodiment, the suspension beam is provided with three blade anchoring means, each having a holding loop releasably anchored to the rotor blade. In this respect, each retaining loop is provided in particular to cooperate with a bolt, pin or similar counterpart on the rotor blade. Thus, for each holding loop, a bolt or pin is provided through the holding loop, so that the suspension beam and the rotor blade are connected.

  Preferably, the pivoting means around the long axis has a linear actuator, in particular a hydraulic cylinder, for raising and lowering one of the plurality of blade anchoring means. In particular, the linear actuator is disposed between the corresponding one of the blade anchoring means and the lower holding frame portion. Three anchoring means are provided on the hanging beam, and in use, three anchoring points are provided on the rotor blade. In this case, the linear actuator cooperates with one of the three mooring means to lift or suspend the holding loop and the mooring point. The other two mooring points (relative to the lower holding frame of the hanging beam) do not change position. This means that the rotary motion of the rotor blade is achieved by the linear actuator. Appropriate actuation means can be placed on the hanging beam. Thus, energy storage means such as electrical energy storage means can be provided when using an electric motor, and / or pressure storage means can be provided when using a hydraulic cylinder, and the actuator system can be Remote radio wave control can be performed by workers on the ground or in a crane.

  Preferably, the crane mooring means has at least one suspension, in particular a ring, eye or shackle, for suspending the suspension beam from the crane. This achieves a simple attachment to the crane and the swivel movement can be carried out with a suitably selected suspension beam without the use of a special special crane.

  A handling structure for handling the rotor blades of a wind turbine generator is also provided. Part of this handling structure is a suspension beam, a rotor blade that can be moored to it, and a release device that releases the connection between the rotor blade and the suspension beam. The connection between the rotor blade and the suspension beam is achieved by at least one bolt, pin or similar element. In particular, this connection is formed such that the suspended beam has at least one loop or eye, in particular a plurality of loops or eyes, and the bolt passes through each loop or eye to establish a connection. . In addition, a release device for releasing the connection between the rotor blade and the suspended beam is provided. The release device comprises a drawing means having a bolt or pin that can be pulled out of the loop and can release each connection. The withdrawal means can be configured such that there is no direct need for personnel, such as the workman of the raising team, who need to participate directly in the connection position, rather the remote operation is remote from the rotor hub, for example Executed from place. For this purpose, an appropriate length of the lead wire (wire) or another remote release means or another remote control means is provided.

  Preferably, the rotor blade has an aerodynamic blade surface and an internal space disposed thereunder, the blade surface having at least one opening through which a suspended beam blade anchoring means, such as an anchoring loop, passes. In this configuration, the internal space has a fixing portion that fixes the blade fixing portion. In particular, the fixing part may include the bolt or pin and provide an axial guide for the pin. The fixings are arranged approximately correspondingly under the openings of the aerodynamic rotor blades so that the loops of the blade anchoring means can extend directly through the openings to the respective fixings.

  Moreover, the conveying apparatus which conveys the hanging beam of this invention is provided. The transfer device includes a transfer frame (frame) having a receiving portion that is adapted to the suspended beam. In particular, in this case, at least one holding frame for receiving the lower holding frame portion is provided and / or actuator receiving means for holding the actuator of the turning means around the long axis is provided. In this way, the suspended beam can be reliably transported to the use position, in particular to the construction position of the wind power generator.

  According to the present invention, a method for mounting a rotor blade according to claim 10 is also provided. That is, the rotor hub that is already mounted on the wind turbine generator or the nacelle of the wind turbine generator under construction is oriented to the first mounting position. Thus, when the rotor hub is oriented, the rotor hub has a fixing flange for fixing the first rotor blade in the lateral direction (gueraf), so that the first rotor blade can be fixed in the horizontal direction. it can. In other words, the fixing portion is oriented in the so-called three o'clock or nine o'clock direction in order to fix the first rotor blade.

  In order to fix the first rotor blade in a first fixed position oriented at the 3 o'clock or 9 o'clock position, it is lifted and fixed there by a crane and a hanging beam. Thereby, the rotor blades are oriented horizontally and correspond to the first mounting position of the rotor hub.

  After the first rotor blade is fixed to the rotor hub, i.e., in particular, after it is installed, the first rotor blade is lowered by a hanging beam attached to the crane, and the rotor hub rotates to the second mounting position. It reaches. The second mounting position is a position for mounting the second rotor blade on the rotor hub in the horizontal direction. Similarly, when a total of three rotor hubs are mounted on the rotor hub, the first rotor blade is lowered so that the rotor hub rotates 60 degrees. The rotor hub is locked in a new position, in particular by bolt engagement. At least one, usually a plurality of bolts, is located in the transition region between the rotor hub and the nacelle so that the rotor hub cannot rotate further. This provides a suitable device that can also lock the rotor hub for other purposes such as, for example, maintenance.

  The lowering of the first mounted rotor plate is preferably performed by a suspended beam capable of performing a predetermined swivel movement that intersects the longitudinal direction of the rotor blades. For this reason, the hanging beam does not have to perform the movement actively (or aktiv). This is because the rotor blade can be lowered by its own weight.

  When the rotor hub has a second mounting position and is secured thereto, the suspension beam can be released from the first rotor blade and is further used for receiving the second rotor blade. Due to the lifting of the suspended beam, it is lowered and the rotor blade's own weight is no longer applied to the suspended beam and is essentially completely retained by the rotor hub. Preferably, the release device is actuated, in particular withdrawing the bolt or pin from the retaining loop of the suspension beam blade anchoring means, whereby the connection between the suspension beam and the rotor blade is released. It is advantageous that such a release can be carried out without going to the area of the rotor blade. In particular, a carrier cage for the corresponding personnel is also not necessary here.

  Preferably, in the next step, the second rotor blade is lifted substantially horizontally by the crane and the hanging beam and fixed in a fixed position with a corresponding orientation of the rotor hub. The first rotor blade mounted at 3 o'clock is correspondingly lowered to 5 o'clock and the second rotor blade is fixed at 9 o'clock. The rotor hub is still locked here, so that after the second rotor plate is secured, the suspension beam can be released and removed from the second rotor blade.

  Preferably, after the suspension beam is released from the first rotor blade, the rotor hub is rotated 180 degrees around the vertical axis. This simplifies installation of the second rotor blade. This is because the second rotor blade is lifted and mounted when the first rotor blade is lifted and mounted. Since the rotor hub protrudes from the tower, these two positions are not exactly the same, but are almost the same. In particular, the second rotor hub can be provided on the ground as well, for example by a transport vehicle.

  Preferably, in order to mount the third rotor blade, first, the ballast arm is mounted on the rotor hub, that is, mounted on the third mounting region that is free for the third rotor blade. After the second rotor blade is mounted, the third mounting region is first at a temporary position, that is, at a position above and rotated by 30 degrees from the vertical direction. In order to mount the rotor blade, that is, the third rotor blade at that position, very high lifting is required. This requires a large crane and is expensive and should be avoided. The rotation of the rotor hub by rotating the rotor blade downward is not easy because it is performed after the first rotor blade is mounted. This is because the two rotor blades already mounted guide the movement of the rotor hub downward by their own weight. Depending on the self-weight condition, the rotor hub tries to move so that the third mounting position is positioned upward in the vertical direction. Thus, according to one embodiment, a ballast arm is provided for mounting in a third mounting region at a temporary location. The ballast arm has a fixed flange similar to the rotor blade, but is shorter than the rotor blade and can have a bent or bent shape from the fixed flange. In particular, the ballast arm can be configured such that the ballast arm can be mounted at the lowest possible crane height. Preferably, the ballast arm can be configured to be lifted directly by a crane without using the hanging beam, and may have the function or portion of the hanging beam as long as the ballast arm can rotate or pivot.

  The ballast arm is releasably attached to the locked rotor hub by bolting. Next, the ballast arm can be lowered to the third mounting position which is the third mounting region while being guided by the crane. In the third mounting position, the rotor hub is locked again, in particular by bolting and the ballast arm is removed again. Finally, the third rotor blade is mounted in the horizontal direction.

  Preferably, also in this case, the rotor hub can be rotated 180 degrees around the vertical axis, in particular after the second rotor blade is mounted and before the ballast arm is mounted or at least the third rotor blade is mounted. You can rotate back to the previous or original position.

  Also, according to one embodiment, the suspension beam is rotated around the major axis of the rotor blade that is lifted and mounted, specifically, for example, around the rotor blade axis in a region around the rotor blade axis. The rotor blades should exhibit as little wind resistance as possible. The suspended beam is preferably capable of actively performing its movement by driving the actuator of the pivoting means about the long axis.

  Preferably, as at least one of the embodiments, a suspended beam is used and / or a handling arrangement as described above is used.

  According to the present invention, a method for mounting a rotor hub is also provided. In particular, a given rotor hub for mounting has three rotor blades. Thus, first, the rotor hub is connected to the nacelle, and then a plurality of rotor blades are sequentially connected to the rotor hub. This mounting step is performed according to the rotor blade mounting method as described above, as in at least one embodiment.

  Further, there is provided a method for removing the rotor blade, which is basically executed in the reverse order to the above-described method for attaching the rotor blade. That is, first, in the locked state of the rotor hub, the third rotor blade is removed at a horizontal position, for example, at 3 o'clock. Then, the ballast arm is mounted, and then the rotor hub is unlocked while being supported by the crane. Next, the ballast arm is lifted to a temporary position by the crane, and the second rotor blade reaches the 9 o'clock position. In this position, the rotor hub is locked, the ballast arm is removed, and the second rotor blade is removed. Next, the ballast arm is mounted at the 9 o'clock position, the rotor hub is re-released and rotated by the ballast arm, and the remaining rotor blades reach the 3 o'clock position. The rotor hub is then locked and the last rotor blade is removed.

  Furthermore, a method for replacing a rotor blade is provided. In this method, after removing a plurality of rotor blades as described, a new or serviced rotor blade is installed as described.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on the embodiments with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

It is a figure which shows the horizontal axis type wind power generator which has three rotor blades. It is a perspective view which shows typically the rotor blade lifted by the hanging beam. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the suspension beam shown in FIG. 2 and the rotor blade in a position rotated around the rotor blade axis. It is a perspective view which shows the suspension beam fixed on the conveyance frame. It is a perspective view which shows the part of the internal space in the rotor blade which comprises a fixing | fixed part.

  FIG. 1 shows a wind turbine generator 100 having a tower 102 and a nacelle 104. On the nacelle 104, a rotor 106 having three rotor blades 108 and a rotor hub (spinner) 110 is provided. The rotor 106 is rotated by the wind force, and power is generated in the nacelle 104.

  FIG. 2 shows a suspended beam 1, the suspended beam 1 is provided with respect to the rotor blade 2, and the rotor blade 2 is suspended by the suspended beam 1. This figure is a perspective view, and the rotor blade 2 is arranged such that the major axis direction of the rotor blade is substantially horizontal. The suspended beam 1 has an upper holding frame portion 4 moored to a crane. Referring also to FIGS. 2 and 3, the hanging beam 1 is arranged to be anchored to the crane, which is not shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 for simplicity. A plurality of fixed eyes 6 (which can also be called suspension points) are installed for attachment to the crane.

  Below the upper holding frame part 4, a lower holding frame part 8 extending in a direction substantially transverse to the upper holding frame part 4 is provided. The lower holding frame portion 8 can swivel with respect to the upper holding frame portion 4, and more specifically, can swivel around an axis extending in a direction substantially transverse to the rotor blade major axis. Thus, the long axis of the rotor blade and the corresponding rotor blade 2 including the same can be tilted. In order to guide such tilting or swiveling movements, this arrangement has a braking device 10 that can also be referred to as a securing (or locking) device.

  In order to attach the suspension beam 1 to the rotor blade 2, there are provided three tethering means 12 (given the same reference for simplicity) having an elongated cable (wire) with an annulus (loop). These elongated cables pass through a plurality of openings 14 in the rotor blade surface 16 and an annulus is inserted inside the rotor blade 2 for mooring. One of the plurality of rotor blade anchoring means 12 has a hydraulic cylinder 18 as an actuator that actively changes the length of the predetermined rotor blade anchoring means 12. The rotor blade 2 can swivel around the rotor blade axis by such a change in length.

  FIG. 3 shows the pivoted position of such a rotor blade 2, which is supported for rotation about the rotor blade major axis. In FIG. 3, the hydraulic cylinder 18 is retracted (reduced) from the position of FIG. 2, whereby the corresponding blade anchoring means 12 is shortened, and the swiveling or rotating position of FIG. 3 is obtained.

  In this way, the rotor blade 2 is lifted by the matching crane and the hanging beam 2. At this time, the annular loop of the blade anchoring means 12 is connected to the rotor blade 2 via a lock bolt. The rotor blade 2 is rotated by a hydraulic cylinder 18 around the blade axis so that the wind acting on the surface of the rotor blade 2 becomes as small as possible.

  In FIG. 4, the suspended beam 1 is in a preparation state where it is placed on the transport frame 20 for transporting the vehicle. FIG. 4 also shows a plurality of fixed eyes 6 which are shown in detail as shackles for mooring the suspended beam 1 to the crane. The lower holding frame portion 8 can turn with respect to the upper holding frame portion 4 via a turning joint (pivot support contact) 22. In order to control such turning, the brake device 10 has a brake disk 24 and brake means 26 that can engage with the brake disk 24 and control turning. The lower holding frame 8 has two blade mooring eyes 28, one is shown and the other is hidden in the transport box 30. Both blade mooring eyes 28 are provided on a vertically long receiving beam 32 that substantially constitutes the lower holding frame portion 8.

  The third blade anchoring means 12 is directly attached to the upper holding frame 4, that is, directly below the cross beam (horizontal beam) 34 that is a substantial part of the upper holding frame 4. The blade mooring means 12 fixed to the crossing girder 34 has a hydraulic cylinder 18 which takes the conveying position here. When the suspension beam is used, the suspension beam is used by being removed from the transport frame, and the plurality of blade anchoring means 12 further includes a plurality of cables having a plurality of annular loops. These cables are shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, but are transported separately from the transport frame (frame) 20 during transport, and are accommodated in the transport box 30, for example.

  FIG. 5 shows three fixing parts 50, which are given the same reference numbers for the sake of simplicity, but in particular there are some differences with respect to the dimensions. The plurality of fixing portions 50 are fixed to an internal structure such as a stiffening rib 52. Each of the plurality of fixing portions 50 includes two holding walls 54 each having two mutual alignment holes 56. A further pair of holes 56 can be provided, for example, for position adjustment. Such a further pair of holes in each fixing part 50, however, is not absolutely necessary.

  In the area of the two holes 56, a bolt device 58 with respective prestress bolts or pins 60 is provided. A drawing device, such as a cable, can be provided on the prestress bolt 60 to release the holding loop by pulling the prestress bolt 60 in the opening direction. FIG. 5 shows an open state. Thus, a holding loop can be formed between the two holes 56 and consequently between the two holding walls 5. For fixing, the prestress bolt 60 is pushed through two holes 56 provided in each corner, so that it can now receive a holding loop. To release the bolt 60, it is only necessary to pull out the bolt 60 in the opening direction, and the corresponding holding loop is also released.

  Thus, a solution is provided that addresses the problem of the limited lifting capacity of the crane in particular and allows the rotor blades to be retrofitted after the rotor hub has been installed. From this point of view, a connection between a rotor blade and a suspended beam that can be released automatically or semi-automatically without directly involving manual work at the receiving position is also proposed.

  For this purpose, the suspended beam is suspended on a crane hook of a suitable crane. The suspension beam is connected to the rotor blade by an annular loop, and the rotor blade is lifted by the suspension beam. In this case, a plurality of guide cables can be moored to the suspension beam. After mounting the rotor blade, the corresponding lock pin or bolt at the pick-up point is released, in particular by remote operation. The suspended beam is further lifted to pull the annular loop from the rotor blade. The solution provided also contributes to the choice of suspension or lifting of the rotor blades through the angle imparted by the suspension beam. After the rotor blade is suspended, the position of the carrier for mounting the suspended beam rotated or swiveled is maintained by the brake device. Next, the pickup point (hanging action point) is unlocked, and the hanging beam is released from the rotor blade.

  It is advantageous that a reduction in crane joint item weight can be achieved by the solution provided. In addition, the installation of the wind power generator can be performed under strong winds rather than employing other solutions. Furthermore, the use of crane rod suspensions can be avoided and the orientation of the rotor blades can be manipulated when lifting, at which time only one crane hook is required at the same time.

1 Hanging beam, hanging horizontal beam
2 Rotor blade
4 Upper holding frame
6 Fixed eye, hanging point, shackle
8 Lower holding frame
10 Brake device
12 Mooring means, blade mooring means, rotor blade mooring means
14 opening
16 Rotor blade surface
18 Hydraulic cylinder
20 Transport frame (transport frame)
22 Swivel joint, pivot contact
24 Brake disc
26 Brake means
28 Blade mooring eye
30 Transport box
32 digits
34 Crossing girder
50 Fixed part (part fixed to the rotor blade)
52 Stiffening rib
54 Retaining wall
56 holes
58 bolt device
60 Prestress bolt, pin
100 wind turbine generator
102 tower
104 Nasser
106 rotor
108 rotor blade
110 Rotor hub (windshield)

According to the invention, a suspended beam according to claim 1 is provided. Note that the reference numerals of the drawings attached to the claims are for the purpose of assisting understanding only and are not intended to be limited to the illustrated embodiments.
A suspended beam according to a first aspect is a suspended beam for lifting and handling a rotor blade of a wind power generator, and includes a crane mooring means for linking the suspended beam to a crane, and at least for linking the suspended beam to the rotor blade. One blade mooring means, a long-axis turning means for rotatably supporting a rotor blade supported by the suspension beam around a long axis of the rotor blade, and / or a rotor blade supported by the suspension beam Pivoting means around the horizontal axis that supports the rotary shaft around the horizontal axis that intersects the major axis. Such a hanging beam is provided for lifting and handling the rotor blades. The suspension beam comprises crane anchoring means which are attached to the crane together with the suspension beam, in particular suspended from it. In addition, at least one blade anchoring means is provided that is attached to the rotor blade (and vice versa) with the suspension beam. The suspension beam also has means for turning about the long axis, and the rotor blade supported by the suspension beam can be turned about the long axis of the rotor blade. In particular, the suspension beam having the pivoting means around the long axis is configured, for example, to hold the rotor blade in the horizontal direction and to rotate or pivot in a horizontal position around the horizontal rotor blade axis.
In a second aspect, a handling structure for handling a rotor blade of a wind turbine generator includes a suspension beam for lifting and handling the rotor blade, a rotor blade attached via a connection to the suspension beam, the rotor blade, and the rotor blade A release device for releasing the connection between the suspension beams, wherein the rotor blade is connected to the suspension beam via at least one bolt, in particular, the suspension beam has at least one loop or eye, The bolt is connected through the loop or eye, and the release device has a pulling means for pulling out the bolt, in particular, from each loop or eye to release the connection.
In the third aspect, the transport device for transporting the suspended beam according to the first aspect is a transport frame including a receiving portion adapted to the suspended beam, in particular, a lower holding frame portion or a holding frame that receives the lower holding frame portion. Receiving means and / or actuator receiving means for receiving the actuator or the actuator of the turning means around the long axis.
In a fourth aspect, a method for mounting a rotor blade of a wind turbine generator having a rotor shaft and a horizontal axis rotor including a plurality of three rotor blades, in particular, orienting the mounted rotor hub to a first mounting position; Lifting the first rotor blade using a crane and a hanging beam; and placing the first rotor blade in a substantially horizontal orientation and securing it to the rotor hub in the first mounting position; Lowering the first rotor blade using the suspension beam so that the rotor hub rotates and the second rotor blade reaches a second mounting position where the second rotor blade can be mounted in a horizontal orientation on the rotor hub; Locking the rotor hub at the second mounting position and removing the suspension beam from the first rotor blade.
In a fifth aspect, a mounting method for mounting a rotor hub and a plurality of, in particular, three, horizontal axis rotors including rotor blades on a wind turbine generator or a nacelle of a wind turbine generator to be constructed includes mounting the rotor hub on the nacelle. And subsequently mounting the plurality of rotor blades on the rotor hub by the method.
In the sixth aspect, the rotor blade removal method of the wind turbine generator having a rotor hub and a horizontal axis rotor including a plurality of particularly three rotor blades is performed in the order reverse to the rotor blade attachment method as appropriate. Is done.
In a seventh aspect, a method for replacing a rotor blade of a wind turbine generator having a rotor hub and a horizontal axis rotor comprising a plurality of, in particular, three rotor blades is mounted according to said method and / or in advance First, the plurality of rotor blades to be replaced that have already been mounted on are removed, in particular according to the method described above.

In addition or alternatively, means for pivoting about a transverse axis are provided around a transverse axis that intersects the major axis to rotate the rotor blades held by the suspended beam. In this case, it is not important to arrange the horizontal axis at exactly 90 degrees with respect to the long axis, and in particular the rotor blades pivot around the horizontal axis so as to move up and down in particular so that the long axis changes. It is only necessary to be able to make a swivel motion.
Preferred forms are shown below.
(Mode 1) The turning means around the long axis has an actuator for actively turning the rotor blade, and / or
The pivoting means around the horizontal axis includes brake means and / or fixing means that are provided for passive pivoting and that fix the suspension beam at at least two different pivot positions.
(Mode 2) There are an upper holding frame part connected to the crane and a lower holding frame part connected to the rotor blade,
The turning means around the horizontal axis causes the lower holding frame part to turn with respect to the upper holding frame part, in particular, has a corresponding turning axis,
Optionally, it has a fixed disk for fixing the pivot position of the lower holding frame part relative to the upper holding frame part.
(Mode 3) Three blade mooring means are provided, each of the blade mooring means has a holding loop for releasably connecting the rotor blade, and / or the pivoting means around the major axis of the blade mooring means A linear actuator that raises or lowers one or a part thereof, in particular, a hydraulic cylinder;
In particular, the linear actuator is arranged between the holding loop or the holding loop of the corresponding blade mooring means and the lower holding frame or the lower holding frame.
(Mode 4) The crane mooring means has at least one suspension part for suspending a suspension beam from the crane, in particular, a ring, an eye or a shackle.
(Form 5) The rotor blade has an aerodynamic blade surface and an internal space,
The blade surface has at least one opening through which blade anchoring means or a part of the blade anchoring means of the suspended beam passes;
The internal space includes at least one fixing portion for anchoring the blade anchoring means of the suspension beam.
(Mode 6) A handling structure in which the suspended beam is used.
(Mode 7) A step of lifting the second rotor blade using the crane and the suspension beam;
Placing the second rotor blade in a substantially horizontal orientation and securing to the rotor hub in the second mounting position;
Removing the suspended beam from the second rotor blade;
Is further provided.
(Mode 8) After the suspension beam is removed from the first rotor blade, the rotor hub is rotated 180 degrees around a vertical axis.
(Embodiment 9) At the fixed position provided for the third rotor blade, attaching the ballast arm to the rotor hub, particularly by flange connection;
The step of lowering the ballast arm so that the rotor hub rotates and the third rotor blade reaches a third mounting position where it can be mounted on the rotor hub in a horizontal orientation;
Locking the rotor hub at the third mounting position;
Removing the ballast arm;
Attaching the third rotor blade; and
Is provided.
(Mode 10) Each of the rotor blades lifted by the suspension beam is rotated by the suspension beam around the long axis of the rotor blade so that wind resistance becomes as small as possible during the mounting operation.
(Mode 11) A method in which the suspended beam and / or the handling structure is used.

Claims (18)

A suspended beam (1) for lifting and handling a rotor blade (2) of a wind turbine generator (100),
Crane mooring means (6) for connecting the suspended beam to the crane;
At least one blade anchoring means (12) connecting the suspension beam to the rotor blade (2);
Long-axis turning means (18) for rotatably supporting the rotor blade (2) supported by the suspension beam (1) around the long axis of the rotor blade (2), and / or
Means for pivoting about the horizontal axis (10, 22) for supporting the rotor blade (2) supported by the suspension beam (1) so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis intersecting the major axis;
Hanging beam with (1). The turning means (18) around the long axis has an actuator (18) for actively turning the rotor blade (2), and / or
The transverse turning means (10, 22) around the horizontal axis is provided for passive turning, and the suspension means (1) is fixed to the hanging beam (1) at at least two different turning positions. (10) and / or having fixing means (10),
The suspended beam (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that There are an upper holding frame part (4) connected to the crane and a lower holding frame part (8) connected to the rotor blade (2),
The horizontal axis turning means (10, 22) causes the lower holding frame part (4) to turn with respect to the upper holding frame part (4), in particular, has a corresponding turning axis,
3. The hanging beam (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has a fixed disk (10) for fixing the pivot position of the lower holding frame part (8) relative to the upper holding frame part (4). . Three blade anchoring means (12) are provided, each blade anchoring means (12) has a holding loop that releasably connects the rotor blade (2) and / or swiveling means (18 ) Has a linear actuator (18) for raising and lowering one or a part of the blade mooring means (12), in particular, a hydraulic cylinder (18),
The linear actuator (18) is particularly arranged between the holding loop of the corresponding blade anchoring means (12) or the holding loop and the lower holding frame (8) or the lower holding frame (8). The
Suspended beam (1) according to any one of claims 1-3.   The crane mooring means (6) has at least one suspension part (6) for suspending a suspended beam (1) from the crane, in particular, a ring (6), an eye (6) or a shackle. Suspended beam (1) according to any one of the preceding claims. A handling structure for handling the rotor blade (2) of the wind turbine generator (100),
A suspended beam (1) for lifting and handling the rotor blade (2);
A rotor blade (2) attached via a connection to the hanging beam (1);
A release device for releasing the connection between the rotor blade and the suspended beam (1);
With
The rotor blade (2) is connected to the suspension beam (1) via at least one bolt (58), in particular, the suspension beam (1) has at least one loop or eye, and the bolt ( 58) is connected through the loop or eye,
The release device has pull-out means (60) for pulling out the bolt, in particular, from each loop or eye to release the connection.
Handling structure. The rotor blade (2) has an aerodynamic blade surface (1b) and an internal space;
The blade surface (1b) has at least one opening (14) through which a part of the blade anchoring means (12) or the blade anchoring means (12) of the suspended beam passes,
The internal space includes at least one fixing part (50) for anchoring the blade anchoring means (12) of the hanging beam (1).
The handling structure according to claim 6.   The handling structure according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the suspended beam (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used. A conveying device for conveying the suspended beam (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The transport device includes a transport frame (20) having a receiving part adapted to the hanging beam (1), in particular, a lower holding frame part (8) or a holding frame receiving means for receiving the lower holding frame part (8). And / or an actuator receiving means for receiving the actuator or the actuator of the turning means around the long axis. A mounting method for a rotor blade (2) of a wind turbine generator (100) having a horizontal axis rotor including a rotor hub and a plurality of three rotor blades (2) in particular,
Orienting the mounted rotor hub to a first mounting position;
Lifting the first rotor blade (2) using a crane and a hanging beam;
Arranging the first rotor blade (2) in a substantially horizontal orientation and fixing to the rotor hub in the first mounting position;
When the rotor hub rotates, the first rotor blade (2) is moved to the second mounting position where the second rotor blade (2) can be mounted in a horizontal orientation on the rotor hub. Descending using
Locking the rotor hub at the second mounting position and removing the suspended beam (1) from the first rotor blade (2);
Mounting method of the rotor blade (2). Lifting the second rotor blade (2) using the crane and the hanging beam;
Placing the second rotor blade (2) in a substantially horizontal orientation and securing to the rotor hub in the second mounting position;
Removing the suspended beam (1) from the second rotor blade (2);
The method of claim 10, further comprising:   12. A method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein after the suspension beam is removed from the first rotor blade, the rotor hub is rotated 180 degrees about a vertical axis. Mounting the ballast arm to the rotor hub, in particular by a flange connection, in a fixed position provided for the third rotor blade (2);
The step of lowering the ballast arm so that the rotor hub rotates and the third rotor blade (2) reaches a third mounting position where it can be mounted in a horizontal orientation on the rotor hub;
Locking the rotor hub at the third mounting position;
Removing the ballast arm;
Attaching the third rotor blade (2);
The method according to claim 10, comprising:   Each rotor blade (2) lifted by the suspension beam (1) is rotated by the suspension beam (1) around the long axis of the rotor blade so that the wind resistance becomes as small as possible during the mounting operation. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 13.   The method according to any one of claims 10 to 14, wherein a suspended beam (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and / or a handling structure according to any one of claims 6 to 8 is used. A mounting method for mounting a rotor hub and a plurality, particularly three, of a horizontal axis rotor including a rotor blade (2) to a wind power generator (100) or a nacelle of a wind power generator (100) to be constructed,
Attaching the rotor hub to the nacelle (104);
Subsequently, attaching the plurality of rotor blades (2) to the rotor hub by the method according to any one of claims 10 to 15,
A mounting method comprising: A method for removing a rotor blade (2) of a wind turbine generator (100) having a horizontal axis rotor comprising a rotor hub and a plurality of especially three rotor blades (2),
The removal method of a rotor blade (2), wherein the removal operation is executed in an order reverse to the rotor blade attachment method according to any one of claims 10 to 15 as appropriate. A method of replacing a rotor blade (2) of a wind turbine generator (100) having a horizontal axis rotor including a rotor hub and a plurality of especially three rotor blades (2),
A plurality of rotor blades (2) are mounted according to the method of any one of claims 10 to 15 and / or a plurality of rotor blades (2) to be replaced which have already been mounted in advance are first particularly claimed. The method for replacing the rotor blade (2) to be removed according to the method of Item 17.

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