JP2014521052A - 高感度細胞性免疫応答アッセイ - Google Patents
高感度細胞性免疫応答アッセイ Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【選択図】なし
Description
本開示は、一般に、細胞性免疫応答を測定するためのアッセイを含む、免疫学に基づく診断アッセイの分野に関する。本開示は、高感度の細胞性免疫応答に基づく、被験者の抗原への暴露の診断を教示する。診断レポーティングシステムを提供し、ポイントオブケア臨床管理を容易にするために、本明細書において考えられるアッセイを標準的病理学体系に組み込むことができる。
(a)対照に対する、被験者における細胞性免疫応答状態に関する相関を提供する免疫エフェクター分子であって、少なくとも2つのペプチドセットであって、第1セットが長さ約7〜14アミノ酸残基の1以上のペプチドを含み、第2セットが16アミノ酸残基以上の1以上のペプチドを含み、これらのペプチドがタンパク質抗原の全部または一部を含む前記ペプチドセットへのリンパ球の暴露後に測定される前記免疫エフェクター分子のレベルまたは濃度の形態でのデータを通信ネットワークを介して受信すること;
(b)1変量または多変量解析によってデータを処理して免疫応答値を提供すること;
(c)所定の値と比較した免疫応答値の結果に従って被験者の状態を判定すること;および
(d)通信ネットワークを介して、ユーザーに被験者の状態の徴候を送信すること
を含む前記方法もまた提供される。
本明細書を通じて、特記しない限り、単語”含む(comprise)”または”含む(comprises)”もしくは”含んでいる(comprising)”などの変異形は、記載された要素もしくは整数もしくは方法段階または要素もしくは整数もしくは方法段階のグループを含むが、任意の他の要素もしくは整数もしくは方法段階または要素もしくは整数もしくは方法段階のグループを排除しないことを意味すると解される。
表1
適切なフルオロフォアのリスト
1Ex:ピーク励起波長(nm)
2Em:ピーク発光波長(nm)
表2
フローサイトメーターによって測定されることができる例示的な光学パラメータ
*488nmの励起レーザーを用いて
†バンドパスフィルター幅
#ロングパスフィルター
(a)対照に対する、被験者における細胞性免疫応答状態としての相関を提供する免疫エフェクター分子であって、少なくとも2つのペプチドセットであって、第1セットが長さ約7〜14アミノ酸残基の少なくとも1つのペプチドを含み、第2セットが16アミノ酸残基以上の少なくとも1つのペプチドを含み、これらのペプチドがタンパク質抗原の全部または一部を含む前記ペプチドセットへのリンパ球の暴露後に測定される前記免疫エフェクター分子のレベルまたは濃度の形態でのデータを通信ネットワークを介して受信すること;
(b)1変量または多変量解析によって被験者データを処理して免疫応答値を提供すること;
(c)所定の値と比較した免疫応答値の結果に従って被験者の状態を判定すること;および
(d)通信ネットワークを介して、ユーザーに被験者の状態の徴候を送信すること
を含む前記方法を考える。
(a)遠隔エンドステーションを用いてユーザーにデータを判定させること;および
(b)エンドステーションからベースステーションに通信ネットワークを介してデータを伝送すること
を含む。
(a)データを第1処理システムに伝送すること;
(b)データを第2処理システムに伝送すること;および
(c)第1処理システムに1変量または多変量解析関数を実行させて細胞性免疫応答値を得ること
を含むことができる。
(a)1変量または多変量解析関数の結果を第1処理システムに伝送すること;および
(b)被験者の状態を第1処理システムに判定させること
を含むことができる。
(a)第1ファイアウォールを介して通信ネットワークと第1処理システムとの間でデータを伝送すること;および
(b)第2ファイアウォールを介して第1処理システムと第2処理システムとの間でデータを伝送すること
の少なくとも1つを含む。
(a)データベースに問い合わせて、少なくとも選択された所定のデータを得るか、またはデータベースからの1変量または多変量解析関数にアクセスすること;および
(b)選択された所定のデータを被験者データと比較することまたは細胞性免疫応答もしくは免疫抑制のレベルの予測される確率指数を得ること
を含む。
(a)決済情報であって、ユーザーによる決済の提供を表す決済情報を判定させること;および
(b)決済情報の判定に応じて比較を実行させること
を含むことができる。
(a)保存方法;
(b)処理システムであって、
(c)通信ネットワークを介してユーザーからの被験者データであって、免疫エフェクター分子のレベルを含む前記データにおいて、対照に関するエフェクター分子のレベルが、細胞性免疫応答状態への相関を提供し、少なくとも2つのペプチドセットであって、第1セットが長さ約7〜14アミノ酸残基の少なくとも1つのペプチドを含み、第2セットが16アミノ酸残基以上の少なくとも1つのペプチドを含み、これらのペプチドがタンパク質抗原の全部または一部を含む前記ペプチドセットへのリンパ球の暴露後に免疫エフェクター分子が判定される前記データを受信し;
(d)前記データと所定のデータとを比較することを含むアルゴリズム関数を実行し;
(e)比較を含むアルゴリズム関数の結果に従って被験者の状態を判定し;
(c)通信ネットワークを介してユーザーに被験者の状態の徴候を出力するように適合された前記処理システム
を含む前記ベースステーションを提供する。
(a)第1処理システムであって、
(i)データを受信し;
(ii)データを比較することを含む1変量または多変量解析関数の結果に従って被験者の状態を判定するするように適合された前記第1処理システム;および
(b)第2処理システムであって、
(i)処理システムからのデータを受信し;
(ii)比較を含む1変量または多変量解析関数を実行し;
(iii)第1処理システムに結果を伝送するように適合された前記第2処理システム
を含むことができる。
(a)被験者からの試料を提供し;
(b)少なくとも2つのペプチドセットであって、第1セットが長さ約7〜14アミノ酸残基の少なくとも1つのペプチドを含み、第2セットが16アミノ酸残基以上の少なくとも1つのペプチドを含み、これらのペプチドがタンパク質抗原の全部または一部を含む前記ペプチドセットによる刺激後に免疫エフェクター分子のレベルを判定し;
ここで、対照に関する免疫エフェクターのレベルが、細胞性免疫応答状態への相関を提供し、前記レベルのアルゴリズムへの入力が、特定レベルの免疫応答を有する被験者の確率指数を提供し;
(c)後の時点で段階(a)および(b)を繰り返し、段階(b)の結果と段階(c)の結果とを比較し、ここで確率指数の差が被験者における状態の進行を示すこと、
を含む前記方法を考える。
ヘパリン添加血試料を、真空チューブ(Li-Hep Vacuette[登録商標]チューブ(Greiner Bio-one社、ドイツ))に採取する。
これらの研究は、臨床的に確定された活動性結核感染を有する患者群において行われた。現行のQuantiFERON-TB管内診断テストを用いて患者を試験した。QuantiFERON-TBチューブは、CD4+T細胞(>15マーペプチド)に特異的なペプチドプールを含む。また、CD8+T細胞に特異的なペプチドプール(10マーペプチド)が添加された改変チューブを用いて患者を試験した。これらの追加のペプチドを、91のペプチドの完全プールおよび2つのより小さなプールで試験した。対照として、これらのペプチド単独へのバックグラウンド応答を評価するために、これらのプールをQuantiFERON-Nilチューブに添加した。
本実施例の目的は、CD8+T細胞によって認識されるように設計されたTB抗原(10マーペプチド)が、活動性TB感染を有する患者からの血液中に検出可能レベルのIFN-γの産生を誘導することができるかどうかを試験することであった。MHCクラスI拘束性ペプチド("CD8+ペプチド"と称する)単独の使用または現行のペプチドとの併用がTBの診断の感度を改善することが提案された。このことは、特に、CD4+T細胞数が減少しているHIV感染個体において意味がある。
患者情報:
TB疾患:31名(1例は培養では確定されず)
TB疑い例:19名
HHC:13名
患者総数:63名
表3
TB 疾患患者(n=31):
表4
TB疑い例(n=19):
表5
HHC患者(n=3):
表6
評価可能TB疾患患者(n=24):
表7
評価可能なTB疑い例(n=6):
本実施例の目的は、QFT-TB GoldチューブへのCFP10 CD8+ペプチドの添加がアッセイの特異性の低下をもたらすかどうかを調べることであった。従って、TB発生率の低い国(メルボルン、オーストラリア)から採用した健常対照ドナーの集団において、QFT-TB Gold 管内アッセイ(CD4+ペプチドを含んでいる)と併用してペプチドプールを用いた。
表8
CD8+ペプチドの添加が、CMV抗原pp65からの16マーペプチドを用いるQFT-CMVアッセイにおける応答を増強するかどうかをしらべるために本実施例を行った。
Claims (24)
- 被験者における細胞性免疫応答活性を測定する方法であって、被験者からのリンパ球を、少なくとも2つのペプチドセットであって、第1セットが長さ約7〜14アミノ酸残基の少なくとも1つのペプチドを含み、第2セットが16アミノ酸残基以上の少なくとも1つのペプチドを含み、これらのペプチドがタンパク質抗原の全部または一部を含む前記ペプチドセットと接触させて、免疫細胞からの免疫エフェクター分子のレベルの存在または上昇を測定することを含み、ここで免疫エフェクター分子の存在またはレベルが、被験者の細胞性応答のレベルを示す前記方法。
- 被験者がヒトである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 7〜14アミノ酸のペプチドがCD4+リンパ球によって認識され、16アミノ酸以上のペプチドがCD8+リンパ球によって認識される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 試料が無希釈の全血である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 試料が、アッセイされる試料の約10容量%〜100容量%を含む全血である、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 全血が、アッセイされる試料の約50容量%〜100容量%を含む、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 全血が、アッセイされる試料の約80容量%〜100容量%を含む、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 全血が、ヘパリンを含むチューブに採取される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 免疫エフェクター分子がサイトカインである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- サイトカインがIFN-γである、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 免疫エフェクターが、該免疫エフェクターに特異的な抗体で検出される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 免疫エフェクターがELISAを用いて検出される、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 免疫エフェクターがエリスポットを用いて検出される、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 被験者がマイコバクテリウム種、スタフィロコッカス種、ストレプトコッカス種、ボレリア種、エシェリキア・コリ、サルモネラ種、クロストリジウム種、シゲラ種、プロテウス種、バチルス種、ヘルペスウイルス、B型もしくはC型肝炎ウイルスおよびヒト免疫不全ウイルス(HIV)から選択される病原体による感染症またはそれらに起因する疾患を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 病状が、マイコバクテリウム・ツベルクローシスまたは結核(TB)による感染症である、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 抗原が、CFP10、ESAT-6、TB7.7およびTB37.6から選択される、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 被験者が、円形脱毛症、強直性脊椎炎、抗リン脂質抗体症候群、自己免疫性アジソン病多発性硬化症、副腎自己免疫疾患、自己免疫性溶血性貧血、自己免疫性肝炎、自己免疫性卵巣炎および精巣炎、ベーチェット病、類天疱瘡、心筋症、セリアックスプルー皮膚炎、慢性疲労症候群(CFIDS)、慢性炎症性脱髄性、慢性炎症性ポリニューロパチー、チャーグ・ストラウス症候群、瘢痕性類天疱瘡、クレスト症候群、寒冷凝集素病、クローン病、疱疹状皮膚炎、円板状エリテマトーデス、本態性混合クリオグロブリン血症、線維筋痛症、糸球体腎炎、グレーブス病、ギラン・バレー、橋本甲状腺炎、特発性肺線維症、特発性血小板減少紫斑病(ITP)、IgA腎症、インスリン依存型糖尿病(I型)、扁平苔癬、狼瘡、メニエール病、混合性結合組織病、多発性硬化症、重症筋無力症、心筋炎、尋常性天疱瘡、悪性貧血、結節性多発動脈炎、多発性軟骨炎、多腺性症候群、リウマチ性多発筋痛、多発性筋炎および皮膚筋炎、原発性無ガンマグロブリン血症、原発性胆汁性肝硬変、乾癬、レイノー現象、ライター症候群、リウマチ熱、関節リュウマチ、サルコイドーシス、強皮症、シェーグレン症候群、スティフマン症候群、全身性エリテマトーデス、高安動脈炎、側頭動脈炎/巨細胞性動脈炎、潰瘍性大腸炎、ブドウ膜炎、血管炎、尋常性白斑ならびに炎症性腸疾患から選択される病状を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 疾患がセリアック病である、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 疾患が自己免疫性糖尿病である、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 被験者が、ABL1癌原遺伝子、エイズ関連癌、聴神経腫、急性リンパ性白血病、急性骨髄性白血病、腺様嚢胞癌、副腎皮質癌、原因不明骨髄化生、脱毛症、胞巣状軟部肉腫、肛門癌、血管肉腫、再生不良性貧血、星状細胞腫、毛細血管拡張運動失調症、基底細胞癌(皮膚)、膀胱癌、骨癌、腸癌、脳幹神経膠腫、脳およびCNS腫瘍、乳癌、CNS腫瘍、カルチノイド腫瘍、子宮頚癌、小児脳腫瘍、小児癌、小児白血病、小児軟部組織肉腫、軟骨肉腫、絨毛癌、慢性リンパ性白血病、慢性骨髄性白血病、大腸癌、皮膚のT細胞リンパ腫、隆起性皮膚線維肉腫、線維形成性小円形細胞腫瘍、乳管癌、内分泌癌、子宮内膜癌、上衣腫、食道癌、ユーイング肉腫、肝外胆管癌、眼癌、眼球メラノーマ、網膜芽細胞腫、ファロピウス管癌、ファンコニー貧血、線維肉腫、胆嚢癌、胃癌、消化器癌、消化管カルチノイド腫瘍、泌尿生殖器癌、生殖細胞腫瘍、妊娠性絨毛疾患、神経膠腫、婦人科癌、血液悪性腫瘍、有毛細胞白血病、頭頸部癌、肝細胞癌、遺伝性乳癌、組織球症、ホジキン病、ヒトパピローマウイルス、胞状奇胎、高カルシウム血症、下咽頭癌、眼内黒色腫、島細胞癌、カポジ肉腫、腎癌、ランゲルハンス細胞組織球症、喉頭癌、子宮平滑筋肉腫、白血病、リー・フラウメニ症候群、口唇癌、脂肪肉腫、肝臓癌、肺癌、リンパ浮腫、リンパ腫、ホジキンリンパ腫、非ホジキンリンパ腫、男性乳癌、腎横紋筋肉腫様腫瘍、髄芽腫、黒色腫、メルケル細胞癌、中皮腫、転移癌、口腔癌、多発性内分泌腺腫、菌状息肉症、骨髄異形成症候群、骨髄腫、脊髄増殖性疾患、鼻腔癌、上咽頭癌、腎芽細胞腫、神経芽細胞腫、神経線維腫症、ナイミーヘン症候群、非黒色腫皮膚癌、非小細胞肺癌(NSCLC)、眼癌、食道癌、口腔癌、中咽頭癌、骨肉腫、オストミー卵巣癌、膵臓癌、副鼻腔癌、副甲状腺癌、耳下腺癌、陰茎癌、末梢性神経外胚葉性腫瘍、下垂体癌、真性赤血球増加症、前立腺癌、稀少癌および関連障害、腎細胞癌、網膜芽細胞腫、横紋筋肉腫、ロトムンド・トムソン症候群、唾液腺癌、肉腫、神経鞘腫、セザリー症候群、皮膚癌、小細胞肺癌(SCLC)、小腸癌、軟部組織肉腫、脊髄腫瘍、扁平上皮癌(皮膚)、胃癌、滑膜肉腫、精巣癌、胸腺癌、甲状腺癌、移行細胞癌(膀胱)、移行細胞癌(腎盂/尿管)、絨毛癌、尿道癌、泌尿器系癌、ウロプラキン、子宮肉腫、子宮癌、膣癌、外陰癌、ワルデンストレームマクログロブリン血症ならびにウイルムス腫瘍から選択される癌を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 被験者がタンパク毒素に暴露された、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 細胞性免疫応答の強さが、病状の状態、進行および/または重症度と相関する、請求項1〜21のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 少なくとも2つのペプチドセットであって、第1セットが長さ約7〜14アミノ酸残基の少なくとも1つのペプチドを含み、第2セットが16アミノ酸残基以上の少なくとも1つのペプチドを含み、これらのペプチドがタンパク質抗原の全部または一部を含む前記ペプチドセットの使用であって、前記ペプチドをリンパ球とインキュベートして、エフェクター分子の存在または上昇を検出する方法による細胞性免疫応答の診断アッセイの作成における、前記使用。
- 被験者の細胞性免疫応答状態の判定をユーザーに可能にする方法であって、
(a)対照に対する、ユーザーからの細胞性免疫応答状態に関する相関を提供する免疫エフェクター分子であって、少なくとも2つのペプチドセットであって、第1セットが長さ約7〜14アミノ酸残基の少なくとも1つのペプチドを含み、第2セットが16アミノ酸残基以上の少なくとも1つのペプチドを含み、これらのペプチドがタンパク質抗原の全部または一部を含む前記ペプチドセットへのリンパ球の暴露後に測定される前記免疫エフェクター分子のレベルまたは濃度の形態でのデータを通信ネットワークを介して受信すること;
(b)1変量または多変量解析によって被験者データを処理して免疫応答値を提供すること;
(c)所定の値と比較した免疫応答値の結果に従って被験者の状態を判定すること;および
(d)通信ネットワークを介して、ユーザーに被験者の状態の徴候を送信すること
を含む前記方法。
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