JP2014510830A - 燃料組成物 - Google Patents
燃料組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014510830A JP2014510830A JP2014505233A JP2014505233A JP2014510830A JP 2014510830 A JP2014510830 A JP 2014510830A JP 2014505233 A JP2014505233 A JP 2014505233A JP 2014505233 A JP2014505233 A JP 2014505233A JP 2014510830 A JP2014510830 A JP 2014510830A
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 5
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002816 fuel additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
- C10L1/023—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for spark ignition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
- F02B1/12—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with compression ignition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
(a)55体積%以下の飽和物含量;(b)約88〜約91のRON;(c)約0〜約5体積%のオレフィン含量;
(d)約32〜約40体積%の芳香族化合物含量;(e)約8〜約16体積%のエタノール含量;(f)約8〜約11のオクタン感度;を含み、該燃料組成物がHCCIエンジンに用いられるものである上記燃料組成物。
【選択図】図1
Description
(a)55体積%以下の飽和物含量;
(b)約88〜約91のRON;
(c)約0〜約5体積%のオレフィン含量;
(d)約32〜約40体積%の芳香族化合物含量;
(e)約8〜約16体積%のエタノール含量;
(f)約8〜約11のオクタン感度;
を含み、該燃料組成物がHCCIエンジンに用いられるものである上記燃料組成物に関する。
(a)55体積%以下の飽和物含量;
(b)約88〜約91のRON;
(c)約0〜約5体積%のオレフィン含量;
(d)約32〜約40体積%の芳香族化合物含量;
(e)約8〜約16体積%のエタノール含量;
(f)約8〜約11のオクタン感度;
を含み、該燃料組成物がHCCIエンジンに用いられるものである上記方法に関する。
RON−リサーチオクタン価は、600rpmのエンジン速度と、気圧に依存する特定の吸気温度での特別に設計された一気筒CFRエンジンにおいて測定する。それは、報告によれば低過酷度エンジン運転の下での燃料性能をシミュレートするとされている。
本発明の一つの態様は、燃料添加剤を任意に含み、HCCIエンジンに用いることができる燃料組成物に関する。本願の特許請求の範囲に記載の発明の燃料組成物はHCCI運転範囲にまで拡張し、HCCI運転範囲内でHCCI燃焼の効率を上昇させ、HCCI燃焼を用いたエンジンの燃料経済と性能を改善する。
本願の特許請求の範囲に記載の発明に使用される燃料は商業的な精製施設から得られたものであり、n−ヘプタン又はエタノールを添加されたこともある。少なくとも2つの精製流がブレンドされ、上述の燃料組成を有する燃料を得た。これらの燃料を製造するための典型的なプロセスと条件についての情報は、ウィリアム レフラー(William Leffler)(PennWell Corp, 2000)による「石油精製」(“Petroleum Refining”)において得られる。
本発明の燃料は予混合圧縮着火(HCCI)型の先進燃焼エンジン環境で用いられた。エンジンは少なくとも一気筒を有する。エンジンは全体的な又は部分的なHCCIエンジン環境で運転してもよい。エンジンは典型的には、排ガスがエンジンに再循環される排気リサイクルバルブ配置を有している。典型的には、排気バルブは少なくとも二回開く。二回目以降の開放の間、吸気ストロークが開き、熱い残渣ガスがエンジンのシリンダーに戻される。
−吸気バルブ開/吸気バルブ閉:346°ATDC/128°BTDC
−排気バルブ開/吸気バルブ閉:130°ATDC/352°BTDC
−2回目排気バルブ開/排気バルブ閉:326°BTDC/189°BTDC
エンジンは対の吸排気バルブ付きのベルト駆動式ダブルオーバーヘッドカムを備えた片流れ屋根形のアルミニウムヘッドを有していた。
エンジンは排気リブリージングバルブ戦略を利用した。典型的には、このような戦略により排気バルブは吸気ストロークで二度目に開いて、シリンダー内に熱い残渣給気(即ち噴射燃料)を戻して再誘導する。
圧縮比: 12.5
ボア(孔): 86.0mm
ストローク: 94.6mm
排気量: 0.549リットル
連接棒長さ: 152.2mm
バルブタイミング:
・吸気バルブ開/吸気バルブ閉: 346°ATDC/128°BTDC。
・排気バルブ開/排気バルブ閉: 130°ATDC/352°BTDC。
・2回目排気バルブ開/排気バルブ閉: 326°BTDC/189°BTDC。
表1 燃料とその特性
燃料と空気をエンジンの燃焼室に噴射した。燃料は、わずかではあるが異なる組成により典型的には様々なエネルギー含量を有しているので、噴射する燃料の体積を調整することにより、各燃料のサイクル当たりエンジンの燃焼室に同じエネルギー総量を噴射した。
エンジン速度と負荷を変化させた。燃焼室に噴射した燃料の量を調整することにより負荷を変えた。負荷はブレーキ平均有効圧(BMEP)の従来からの単位を用いて報告される。
図1は1200〜2400rpmの速度範囲に亘って試験した燃料の運転の許容可能な上限と下限を示す。図1に教示されるように、運転範囲がより広くなるほど、燃料はより効率的になる。具体的には、燃料Cに関して、ブレーキ効率平均圧力の高負荷は少なくとも約2.5バールよりも高く、ブレーキ効率平均圧力の低負荷は少なくとも約1.75バールよりも低い。燃料Cは試験した燃料の最も広い運転範囲を示す。
ここで、表示出力=負荷*π*(ボア/2)2*ストローク*速度
Claims (17)
- 華氏95〜440度の沸騰範囲を有する燃料組成物であって、該燃料組成物が:
(a)55体積%以下の飽和物含量;
(b)約88〜約91のRON;
(c)約0〜約5体積%のオレフィン含量;
(d)約32〜約40体積%の芳香族化合物含量;
(e)約8〜約16体積%のエタノール含量;
(f)約8〜約11のオクタン感度;
を含み、該燃料組成物がHCCIエンジンに用いられるものである上記燃料組成物。 - HCCIエンジンが、HCCIモードで、又は火花点火モードで、又はHCCIモードと火花点火モードの両方で運転されるパートタイムHCCIエンジンである、請求項1記載の燃料組成物。
- 飽和物含量が52体積%以下である、請求項1記載の燃料組成物。
- 飽和物含量が50体積%以下である、請求項3記載の燃料組成物。
- オレフィン含量が約2〜約5体積%である、請求項1記載の燃料組成物。
- オレフィン含量が約3〜約4.5体積%である、請求項5記載の燃料組成物。
- 芳香族化合物含量が約34〜約40体積%である、請求項1記載の燃料組成物。
- 芳香族化合物含量が約35〜約39体積%である、請求項7記載の燃料組成物。
- エタノール含量が約9〜約12体積%である、請求項1記載の燃料組成物。
- エタノール含量が約9〜約11体積%である、請求項9記載の燃料組成物。
- 華氏95〜440度の沸騰範囲を有する燃料組成物をHCCIエンジンに噴射することを含む、HCCIエンジンにおける燃料効率を改良する方法であって、該燃料組成物が:
(a)55体積%以下の飽和物含量;
(b)約88〜約91のRON;
(c)約0〜約5体積%のオレフィン含量;
(d)約32〜約40体積%の芳香族化合物含量;
(e)約8〜約16体積%のエタノール含量;
(f)約8〜約11のオクタン感度;
を含む、上記方法。 - HCCIエンジンが、HCCIモードで、又は火花点火モードで、又はHCCIモードと火花点火モードの両方で運転されるパートタイムHCCIエンジンである、請求項11記載の方法。
- 低負荷ブレーキ平均有効圧が1.7バール未満である、請求項11記載の方法。
- 高負荷ブレーキ平均有効圧が2.5バールを超える、請求項11記載の方法。
- 高負荷ブレーキ平均有効圧が2.5バールを超え、低負荷ブレーキ平均有効圧が1.7バール未満である、請求項11記載の方法。
- 体積燃料消費が0.71gal/KW−hr未満である、請求項11記載の方法。
- 重量燃料消費が200g/KW−hr未満である、請求項11記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201161475544P | 2011-04-14 | 2011-04-14 | |
US61/475,544 | 2011-04-14 | ||
PCT/US2012/033001 WO2012142079A2 (en) | 2011-04-14 | 2012-04-11 | A fuel composition |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2014510830A true JP2014510830A (ja) | 2014-05-01 |
JP5902289B2 JP5902289B2 (ja) | 2016-04-13 |
Family
ID=47005435
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2014505233A Active JP5902289B2 (ja) | 2011-04-14 | 2012-04-11 | 燃料組成物 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9732293B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2697340B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5902289B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20140035905A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2012242964C1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2833123C (ja) |
MX (1) | MX2013011983A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012142079A2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP6071695B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-27 | 2017-02-01 | コスモ石油株式会社 | 予混合圧縮自己着火エンジン用燃料油組成物 |
US9562206B2 (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2017-02-07 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Method for increasing the high load (knock) limit of an internal combustion engine operated in a low temperature combustion mode |
US20240141844A1 (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2024-05-02 | Deere & Company | Work vehicle compression ignition power system having thermally stratified engine combustion chambers |
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JP2006077179A (ja) * | 2004-09-10 | 2006-03-23 | Nippon Oil Corp | 予混合圧縮自己着火方式・火花点火方式併用エンジン用燃料 |
JP2007291310A (ja) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-11-08 | Nippon Oil Corp | 予混合圧縮自己着火式エンジン用燃料 |
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US6230683B1 (en) * | 1997-08-22 | 2001-05-15 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Premixed charge compression ignition engine with optimal combustion control |
US20050022446A1 (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2005-02-03 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Blending of economic, ether free winter gasoline |
US6290734B1 (en) | 1999-07-28 | 2001-09-18 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Blending of summer gasoline containing ethanol |
US7981170B1 (en) * | 2000-04-21 | 2011-07-19 | Shell Oil Company | Gasoline-oxygenate blend and method of producing the same |
US6565617B2 (en) | 2000-08-24 | 2003-05-20 | Shell Oil Company | Gasoline composition |
US7128046B1 (en) | 2005-03-29 | 2006-10-31 | Sandia National Laboratories | Fuel mixture stratification as a method for improving homogeneous charge compression ignition engine operation |
WO2008071628A1 (en) * | 2006-12-11 | 2008-06-19 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Improvements in or relating to gasoline compositions |
-
2012
- 2012-04-11 EP EP12771458.2A patent/EP2697340B1/en active Active
- 2012-04-11 WO PCT/US2012/033001 patent/WO2012142079A2/en active Application Filing
- 2012-04-11 AU AU2012242964A patent/AU2012242964C1/en active Active
- 2012-04-11 CA CA2833123A patent/CA2833123C/en active Active
- 2012-04-11 KR KR1020137030260A patent/KR20140035905A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-04-11 JP JP2014505233A patent/JP5902289B2/ja active Active
- 2012-04-11 US US13/443,983 patent/US9732293B2/en active Active
- 2012-04-11 MX MX2013011983A patent/MX2013011983A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
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JP2006077179A (ja) * | 2004-09-10 | 2006-03-23 | Nippon Oil Corp | 予混合圧縮自己着火方式・火花点火方式併用エンジン用燃料 |
JP2007291310A (ja) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-11-08 | Nippon Oil Corp | 予混合圧縮自己着火式エンジン用燃料 |
JP2009167398A (ja) * | 2007-12-17 | 2009-07-30 | Nippon Oil Corp | 予混合圧縮自己着火式エンジン用燃料 |
WO2010109754A1 (ja) * | 2009-03-26 | 2010-09-30 | 新日本石油株式会社 | 予混合圧縮自己着火式エンジン用燃料 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US9732293B2 (en) | 2017-08-15 |
KR20140035905A (ko) | 2014-03-24 |
WO2012142079A3 (en) | 2013-01-17 |
EP2697340B1 (en) | 2019-01-16 |
EP2697340A2 (en) | 2014-02-19 |
AU2012242964A1 (en) | 2013-10-31 |
CA2833123C (en) | 2018-04-10 |
WO2012142079A2 (en) | 2012-10-18 |
MX2013011983A (es) | 2013-11-04 |
AU2012242964C1 (en) | 2017-08-24 |
US20120260877A1 (en) | 2012-10-18 |
EP2697340A4 (en) | 2014-10-22 |
AU2012242964B2 (en) | 2017-05-25 |
JP5902289B2 (ja) | 2016-04-13 |
CA2833123A1 (en) | 2012-10-18 |
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