JP2014510015A - Psma標的化デンドリマー - Google Patents
Psma標的化デンドリマー Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014510015A JP2014510015A JP2013542250A JP2013542250A JP2014510015A JP 2014510015 A JP2014510015 A JP 2014510015A JP 2013542250 A JP2013542250 A JP 2013542250A JP 2013542250 A JP2013542250 A JP 2013542250A JP 2014510015 A JP2014510015 A JP 2014510015A
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- dendrimer
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- psma
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Abstract
【選択図】図1
Description
は、世代1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9および10からなる群から選択される世代nのデンドリマーコアを表す。デンドリマーの各世代は、所定数の表面基pに関連する。置換基Xは、「遊離」または非複合化形態の−COOR’、−NR’R”、ならびに複合化形態の−NHC(O)−(CH2)a−C(O)−、−NHC(O)−(C2−C6)アルケニル−C(O)、−NHC(O)−CH2−O−NH2、−NHC(O)−(CH2)a−マレイミド、および−NR’−(CH2)a−NR”からなる群から選択される。
I.定義
便宜上、本明細書および添付の特許請求の範囲内において使用されるある特定の用語を、ここにまとめる。
本発明は、新規なPSMA標的化部分、およびPSMA標的化部分のキレート剤−デンドリマー複合体の合成に関する。具体的には、キレート剤の基は、放射線画像化用途において、および疾患状態の処置用の放射性医薬品として使用される様々な金属イオンを効果的にキレートするものである。
は、世代nのデンドリマーコアを表す。PSMA阻害剤への複合化に選択されるデンドリマーは、使用されるデンドリマーの世代に依存する固定数の表面基を有する。本発明は、世代1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、または10に属するデンドリマー等のデンドリマーの任意の世代を使用したデンドリマー複合体を説明する。
A.PSMA標的化部分−EDTA四量体の合成
スキーム1は、EDTAを使用したGlu−尿素−リシンベースの化合物(GUL)の多量体化のための一般的合成経路を示す。第1のステップは、t−ブチル保護GUL−EDTA二量体を生成する、t−ブチル保護GULと4,4’−(エタン−1,2−ジイル)ジモルホリノ−2,6−ジオンとの塩基触媒反応が関与する。過剰の市販のペプチドカップリング試薬、例えば、限定されることなく、DCC、HOBt/HBTU、またはEDCI等のいずれかを使用した、GUL−EDTA二量体の残りの2つのカルボキシル基の活性化、および、活性化された二量体と若干過剰のt−ブチル保護GULとの反応により、所望のGUL−EDTA四量体が生成し、これは弱酸性条件下で脱保護され、精製に供された。四量体の精製に好適な分析技術は、高速液体クロマトグラフィー、調製薄層クロマトグラフィー(TLC)、イオン交換クロマトグラフィーおよびサイズ排除クロマトグラフィーを含む。精製された生成物の特性決定は、1H−NMR分光法、および質量分析を使用して達成することができる。
本発明のPSMA標的化化合物、そのデンドリマーへの複合体、および放射性核種−デンドリマー錯体は、PSMAの発現および/または活性ならびに前立腺癌の転移を阻害するために有用である。式Iの複合体およびその放射性核種複合体はまた、PSMAを発現する癌組織を検出するために使用される放射線画像化用途における使用が見出される。
A.EDTA−PSMA四量体の試験
新しく調製された一般構造5の類似体を、ヒト前立腺癌細胞結合アッセイにおいて、PSMA陽性(+)、LnCap細胞を使用して、3nMの濃度でスクリーニングした。このスクリーニングの結果は、化合物がPSMA(+)細胞に対する特異的結合を示すかどうかを実証した。PSMA(+)細胞に対する特異的結合を示した化合物を、さらにPSMA阻害剤(S)−2−(3−((S)−1−カルボキシ−5−(4−ヨードベンジルアミノ)ペンチル)ウレイド)ペンタン二酸(MIP−1072)に対する競合的結合アッセイにおいて評価し、IC50値を計算した。
図1は、いくつかの本発明のPSMA標的化部分ならびにEDTAを使用した二量体化および四量体化により得られた複合体の競合的結合曲線を示す。図1に示されるように、PSMA標的化基GUL(MIP−1033)は、PSMAに対する低い親和性を有し、IC50値は、四量体MIP−1444のIC50より36倍大きい。また、GULの二量体(MIP−1046)は、MIP1033より大きなPSMAに対する結合親和性を示し、IC50値は、MIP−1033のIC50値よりも約30分の1低い。総合すると、これらの結果は、デンドリマーを使用した適切に離間したGULまたはGUG部分の多量体化が、組織分布を改善すること、腎臓による薬物吸収を低下させること、および本発明のデンドリマー複合体の改善された薬物動態プロファイルにより、放射性標識化GULおよび/またはGUG−複合体の治療有効性を増加させるための好適な戦略を提供し得ることを示唆している。
ヒト腫瘍異種移植モデルにおける111In−標識化PSMA−デンドリマー複合体の吸収は、公開されている方法に従い行われる。簡潔には、LNCaP細胞は、トリプシン処理され、計数され、50%PBS(1mg/mL D−グルコースおよび36μg/mLピルビン酸ナトリウムを含む)および50%Matrigel(BD Biosciences、Franklin Lakes、NJ)を含有する溶液中に懸濁される。NCrnu/nuマウスの後脇腹に、0.25mL懸濁液体積中2×106の細胞を皮下接種する。腫瘍が100〜200mm3のサイズに達したら、腫瘍吸収の調査を行う。組織吸収は、尾静脈から、0.05mLの一定体積中の約2μCi/マウスのボーラス注射を施すことにより分析される。注射から1、4および24時間後に、5匹の動物の群を二酸化炭素による窒息により安楽死させる。組織(腫瘍、血液、心臓、肝臓、肺、脾臓、大腸および小腸、胃、腎臓、骨格筋、骨、脂肪、睾丸および脳)を切除し、摘出し、湿重量を秤量し、プラスチック管に移し、自動γ−カウンタ(LKB Model 1282、Wallac Oy、Finland)内で計数する。組織の時間−放射能レベルは、組織のグラム当たりの注射用量の%(%ID/g)および臓器当たりの注射用量の%(%DPO)として表現される。標的に対する特異的結合を実証するために、50mg/kg PMPAの同時注射が使用される。
本発明のPSMA標的化化合物、そのデンドリマーへの複合体、および本発明の放射性核種−デンドリマー錯体は、PSMAの発現および/または活性を阻害するために、ならびに前立腺癌の転移を阻害するために有用である。式Iの複合体およびその放射性核種複合体はまた、PSMAを発現する癌組織を検出するために使用される放射線画像化用途における使用が見出される。
ある特定の実施形態を例示し説明したが、以下の特許請求の範囲において定義されるそのより広い態様における技術から逸脱せずに、当該技術分野の通常の技術に従い、変更および修正が行われてもよいことを理解されたい。
Claims (25)
- 式I:
は、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9および10からなる群から選択される世 代nのデンドリマーコアを表し、各世代は、表面基の所定数pに関連し、
Xは、「遊離」または非複合化形態の−COOR’および−NR’R”、ならびに 複合化形態の−NHC(O)−(CH2)a−C(O)−、−NHC(O)−
(C2−C6)アルケニル−C(O)、−NHC(O)−CH2−O−NH2、
−NHC(O)−(CH2)a−マレイミド、および−NR’−(CH2)a
−NR”からなる群から選択される表面基であり、
Sは、硫黄であり、
R1は、金属キレート剤であり、
pは、4、8、16、32、64、128、256、512、1024、2048および4096から選択される整数であり、
Zは、式Aに従う前立腺特異的膜抗原標的化部分であり、
−C=Jは、−CH2基または−C=Oであり、
Lは、−COOR’’’、−(CH2)−NH−C(O)−CH(O)−、−(C H2)−NH−C(O)−(CH2−CH2−O)y−NR’−、−(CH2)−NH −C(O)−(CH2)z−NR’−、および−(CH2)−NH−C(O)−
(CH2)z−SH−からなる群から選択され、
R’、R”、R’’’、R2、R3、およびR4は、それぞれ独立して、H、
および直鎖または分岐鎖C1−C6アルキルからなる群から選択され、
qは、Zに複合化した利用可能な表面基Xの割合を表し、
下付文字a、yおよびzは、それぞれ独立して、0から8の間(これらを含む)
の整数である)に従うデンドリマー複合体。 - Yは、−NHC(O)−(CH2)a−C(O)−であり、Zは、式Aの化合物であり、−C=Jは、−CH2であり、Lは、−(CH2)−NH−C(O)−(CH2)z−NR’−である、請求項1に記載のデンドリマー複合体。
- aは、2であり、zは、3である、請求項2に記載のデンドリマー複合体。
- aは、2であり、zは、6である、請求項1に記載のデンドリマー複合体。
- Yは、−NR’−(CH2)a−NR”−であり、Zは、式Aの化合物であり、−C=Jは、−C=Oであり、Lは、−COOR’’’である、請求項1に記載のデンドリマー複合体。
- aは、1から3の間(これらを含む)の整数である、請求項5に記載のデンドリマー複合体。
- aは、2である、請求項6に記載のデンドリマー複合体。
- Yは、−NH−(CH2)2−NH−であり、Lは、−COO−(C1−C6)アルキルである、請求項5に記載のデンドリマー複合体。
- Zに複合化した利用可能な表面基Xの前記割合は、約50%から約100%の範囲内である、請求項1に記載のデンドリマー複合体。
- Zに複合化した利用可能な表面基Xの前記割合は、約50%から約75%の範囲内である、請求項9に記載のデンドリマー複合体。
- (i)金属イオンと、
(ii)式I:
は、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9および10からなる群から選択される世 代nのデンドリマーコアを表し、各世代は、表面基の所定数pに関連し、
Xは、「遊離」または非複合化形態の−COOR’および−NR’R”、ならびに 複合化形態の−NHC(O)−(CH2)a−C(O)−、−NHC(O)−
(C2−C6)アルケニル−C(O)、−NHC(O)−CH2−O−NH2、
−NHC(O)−(CH2)a−マレイミド、および−NR’−(CH2)a
−NR”からなる群から選択される表面基であり、
Sは、硫黄であり、
R1は、金属キレート剤であり、
pは、4、8、16、32、64、128、256、512、
1024、2048および4096から選択される整数であり、
Zは、式Aに従う前立腺特異的膜抗原標的化部分であり、
−C=Jは、−CH2基または−C=Oであり、
Lは、−COOR’’’、−(CH2)−NH−C(O)−CH(O)−、− (CH2)−NH−C(O)−(CH2−CH2−O)y−NR’−、
−(CH2)−NH−C(O)−(CH2)z−NR’−、および
−(CH2)−NH−C(O)−(CH2)z−SH−からなる群から
選択され、
R’、R”、R’’’、R2、R3、およびR4は、それぞれ独立して、H、 および直鎖または分岐鎖C1−C6アルキルからなる群から選択され、
qは、Zに複合化した利用可能な表面基Xの割合を表し、
下付文字a、yおよびzは、それぞれ独立して、0から8の間
(これらを含む)の整数である)に従うデンドリマー複合体と、
を含む錯体。 - 前記金属は、68Ga、64Cu、67Cu、212Pb、203Pb、212Bi、213Bi、89Zr、186Re、99mTc、90Y、86Y、177Lu、111Inおよび188Reからなる群から選択される、請求項13に記載の錯体。
- 前記金属イオンは、111Inである、請求項15に記載の錯体。
- Zに複合化した利用可能な表面基Xの前記割合は、約50%から約100%の範囲内である、請求項13に記載の錯体。
- Zに複合化した利用可能な表面基Xの前記割合は、約50%から約75%の範囲内である、請求項17に記載の錯体。
- 請求項13に記載の錯体、その薬学的に許容される塩または溶媒和物、および薬学的に許容される賦形剤を含む、医薬製剤。
- 患者における前立腺癌を処置する方法であって、治療上効果的な量の請求項13に記載の錯体、またはその薬学的に許容される塩もしくは溶媒和物の薬学的組成物(Mは、68Ga、64Cu、67Cu、212Pb、203Pb、212Bi、213Bi、89Zr、186Re、90Y、86Y、177Lu、111Inおよび188Reからなる群から選択される)を、患者に投与することを含む方法。
- 患者における前立腺癌組織を画像化する方法であって、診断上効果的な量の請求項13に記載の錯体、またはその薬学的に許容される塩もしくは溶媒和物の薬学的組成物(Mは、68Ga、111In、99mTcおよび186Reからなる群から選択される)を、患者に投与することと、前記前立腺組織の画像を得ることとを含む方法。
- 前記組織は、PSMA発現前立腺癌組織である、請求項22に記載の方法。
- 前記組織は、PSMA発現前立腺癌組織である、請求項23に記載の方法。
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