JP2014506565A - ダイニンのキナゾリノン阻害剤 - Google Patents
ダイニンのキナゾリノン阻害剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014506565A JP2014506565A JP2013550547A JP2013550547A JP2014506565A JP 2014506565 A JP2014506565 A JP 2014506565A JP 2013550547 A JP2013550547 A JP 2013550547A JP 2013550547 A JP2013550547 A JP 2013550547A JP 2014506565 A JP2014506565 A JP 2014506565A
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- C07D239/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings
- C07D239/70—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D239/72—Quinazolines; Hydrogenated quinazolines
- C07D239/86—Quinazolines; Hydrogenated quinazolines with hetero atoms directly attached in position 4
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- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
- A61K31/517—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems, e.g. quinazoline, perimidine
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Abstract
Description
以下の発明は、米国国立がん研究所及び国立衛生研究所によって授与された契約番号R01_CA136574、R01_GM71772、及びR01_GM65933の下で、米国政府支援によりなされたものである。米国政府は、この発明において一定の権利を有する。
本発明は、AAA+ATPaseファミリーのメンバーの選択的阻害剤である4−オキソ−3,4−ジヒドロキナゾリン−2(1H)−イリデン誘導体に関する。本化合物は、抗腫瘍剤として、そしてダイニンに依存するシステムの機能のプローブとして有用である。
AAA+ファミリー(多様な細胞の活動に関係するATPase)に属する酵素は、ATPの加水分解によって、原核生物と真核生物の生物学上の多様な側面を調節するための機械的な力を発生させる。これらの複合タンパク質は、一般的にはリングの形状をし、中心孔を有する6量体を形成しており、これらの分子機械を増加させるATP依存性配座転移は、DNAの複製、オルガネラの発生及び小胞輸送の間の膜融合複合体の分解、微小管に沿った細胞内物質の運搬、及びタンパク質分解のためのタンパク質アンフォールディングの促進を行うことができる。AAA+ATPaseファミリーのサブクラスの一つは、ダイニン1及びダイニン2を含む。細胞質ダイニン1は、ダイナクチン及び核タンパク質であるNuMAと複合体を形成し、有糸分裂の紡錘体の内部に微小管のマイナス末端を集中させるという働きを行う。これらの働きが、紡錘状の形状を形成し、γ−チューブリン及び微小管と核の複合体を紡錘体極へ局在させる。抗体のブロック又はドミナントネガティブ構築を原因とする細胞質内ダイニン1の阻害は、有糸分裂を攪乱し、γ−チューブリンの漸増が止まり、微小管末端の規則正しさが失われる結果となる。ダイニン2は、一次繊毛内のタンパク質輸送メカニズムに不可欠であり、一次繊毛において軸糸に沿った高分子の動きに関係している。繊毛内の逆行性輸送に、細胞質ダイニン2とIFTA複合体が利用されている。小分子AAA+ATPase阻害剤は、迅速かつ可逆的に作用することができるものが、ダイニンの機能のプローブとしても、将来的な抗腫瘍剤としても特に必要とされている。
或る観点においては、本発明は、式I:
R1及びR2は、それぞれ、独立して、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、(C1〜C10)炭化水素基、−O−(C1〜C6)アルキル基、フルオロ(C1〜C6)アルキル基、−O−(C1〜C6)フルオロアルキル基、水酸基、メチレンジオキシ基、エチレンジオキシ基、−CN、ニトロ基、−S−(C1〜C6)アルキル基、(C1〜C6)アルコキシカルボニル基、(C1〜C6)アシル基、アミノ基、(C1〜C6)アルキルアミノ基、ジ(C1〜C6)アルキルアミノ基、(C1〜C6)アシルアミノ基、及び−A-R10から選択され;;、ここで、Aは、(C1〜C6)炭化水素であり、R10は、−O−(C1〜C6)アルキル基、フルオロ(C1〜C6)アルキル基、−O−(C1〜C6)フルオロアルキル基、水酸基、−CN、ニトロ基、−S−(C1〜C6)アルキル基、(C1〜C6)アルコキシカルボニル基、(C1〜C6)アシル基、アミノ基、(C1〜C6)アルキルアミノ基、ジ(C1〜C6)アルキルアミノ基及び(C1〜C6)アシルアミノ基から選択され;;
R3は、水素原子、シアノ基、ニトロ基、アセチル基及び−C(=O)NH2から選択され;
R4及びR5は、それぞれ、独立して、水素原子及びメチル基から選択され;
Yは、O又はNR8であり;
R8は、水素原子及び(C1〜C7)炭化水素から選択され、
Arは、場合により置換されていることのある単環式又は二環式アリール基又はヘテロアリール基である]
で表される化合物に関する。
R1aは、水素原子又はハロゲン原子であり;
R6及びR7は、ハロゲン原子である)
で表される化合物を接触させることを含むダイニンを阻害する方法に関する。
本発明による抗腫瘍性化合物は、2つの主要な種類に分類される:一般式(1)で表される化合物は、ヘッジホッグシグナル伝達を阻害することにより、腫瘍の成長を阻害する。亜属(II)は、ダイニンを選択的に阻害し、腫瘍の成長も阻害するが、異なったメカニズムを有する。ヘッジホッグシグナル伝達の阻害は、インビボにおける固形腫瘍、特に基底細胞癌、悪性腫瘍及び髄芽腫の治療に有効であることが示されてきた。例えば、Rudin et al.[N.Engl.J.Med 361,1173−1178(2009)]が示すところによると、ヘッジホッグ経路の小分子阻害剤であるGDC−0449を患者に投与すると、髄芽腫が退縮する結果となる。同様に、Von Hoff et al.[N.Engl.J.Med 361,1164−1172(2009)]は、基底細胞癌を有する33名のヒト患者にGDC−0449を投与して、臨床的に有意な応答を観察した。
で表される化合物は、ダイニン阻害に関して選択的である。
この明細書の全体にわたり、用語及び置換基は、その定義を保持する。
Ac = アセチル
Boc = t−ブチルオキシカルボニル
BOP = ベンゾトリアゾール−1−イルオキシトリス(ジメチルアミノ)
ホスホニウムヘキサフルオロホスフェート
Bu = ブチル
BSA = ウシ血清アルブミン
c− = シクロ
DCM = ジクロロメタン=塩化メチレン=CH2Cl2
DIEA = ジイソプロピルエチルアミン
DMEM = ダルベッコ変法イーグル培地
DMF = N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド
DMSO = ジメチルスルホキシド
DTT = ジチオトレイトール
EtOH = エタノール
GC = ガスクロマトグラフィー
HOAc = 酢酸
Me = メチル
MTBE = メチルt−ブチルエーテル
PBS = リン酸緩衝水溶液
PEG = ポリエチレングリコール
PMSF = フッ化フェニルメタンスルホニル
Ph = フェニル
PhOH = フェノール
PVDF = ポリフッ化ビニリデン
rt = 室温
sat’d = 飽和
s− = 第二級
SDS = ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム
t−又はtert−= 第三級
TBDMS = t−ブチルジメチルシリル
TFA = トリフルオロ酢酸
THF = テトラヒドロフラン
TMS = トリメチルシリル
tosyl = p−トルエンスルホニル
実施例24のベンゾイルジヒドロキナゾリノンは、Chembridgeから購入し;他の全ての構造誘導体は、下記の方法によって合成された。有機合成に使用された全ての化学物質は、Sigma−Aldrich又はAcrosから購入し、さらに精製をせずに使用された。無水条件は、シュレンクライン技術とオーブン乾燥ガラスを用いて、窒素条件下で維持された。1H NMRスペクトルは、Varian Inova 300、400及び500スペクトラメーターを用いて、重溶媒としてDMSO−d6を使用して得られた。化学シフトは、溶媒であるDMSOのピークのダウンフィールドとして、百万分率(ppm)単位で報告された。高分解能質量分析(HRMS)データは、スタンフォード大学の質量分析施設において、MicromassのQ−TOF型ハイブリッド四重極液体クロマトグラフィー質量分析装置により得られた。
Claims (17)
- 式:
R1及びR2は、それぞれ、独立して、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、(C1〜C10)炭化水素基、−O−(C1〜C6)アルキル基、フルオロ(C1〜C6)アルキル基、−O−(C1〜C6)フルオロアルキル基、水酸基、メチレンジオキシ基、エチレンジオキシ基、−CN、ニトロ基、−S−(C1〜C6)アルキル基、(C1〜C6)アルコキシカルボニル基、(C1〜C6)アシル基、アミノ基、(C1〜C6)アルキルアミノ基、ジ(C1〜C6)アルキルアミノ基、(C1〜C6)アシルアミノ基、及び−A-R10から選択され、ここで、Aは、(C1〜C6)炭化水素基であり、R10は、−O−(C1〜C6)アルキル基、フルオロ(C1〜C6)アルキル基、−O−(C1〜C6)フルオロアルキル基、水酸基、−CN、ニトロ基、−S−(C1〜C6)アルキル基、(C1〜C6)アルコキシカルボニル基、(C1〜C6)アシル基、アミノ基、(C1〜C6)アルキルアミノ基、ジ(C1〜C6)アルキルアミノ基及び(C1〜C6)アシルアミノ基から選択され;;
R3は、水素原子、シアノ基、ニトロ基、アセチル基及び−C(=O)NH2から選択され;
R4及びR5は、それぞれ、独立して、水素原子及びメチル基から選択され;
Yは、O又はNR8であり;
R8は、水素原子及び(C1〜C7)炭化水素基から選択され、
Arは、場合により置換されていることのある単環式又は二環式アリール基又はヘテロアリール基であり;
YがOである場合には、Arは、2,4−ジクロロフェニルであり、R1、R2、R4及びR5が水素原子であり、R3がシアノ基ではないものとする]
で表される化合物。 - Arが、フェニル基、ナフチル基、チオフェニル基、フラニル基、ピロリル基及びピリジニル基から選択され、それらのうちのいくつかは場合により置換基がハロゲン原子、(C1〜C10)炭化水素基、フルオロ(C1〜C6)アルキル基、−O−(C1〜C6)フルオロアルキル基、−CN、ニトロ基、(C1〜C6)アルコキシカルボニル基及び(C1〜C6)アシル基から独立して選択された置換基1〜3個で置換されていることができる、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- Arが、ハロゲン原子1〜3個で置換されたフェニル基である、請求項4に記載の化合物。
- Arが、2,4−ジクロロフェニル又は3,4−ジクロロフェニルである、請求項5に記載の化合物。
- R4及びR5が、水素原子である、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R3が、H又はCNである、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R2が、Hであり、R1が、H、ハロゲン原子、メトキシ基、アミノプロパルギル基及びアセトアミドプロパルギル基から選択される、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R1が、H又はハロゲン原子である請求項9に記載の化合物。
- R3が、CNであり;R2、R4及びRが、Hであり;R1が、H及びハロゲン原子から選択される、請求項6に記載の化合物。
- 前記阻害方法が、インビトロにおける方法である、請求項12又は13のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- 前記阻害方法が、インビボにおける方法である、請求項12又は13のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- 式:
R1及びR2は、それぞれ、独立して、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、(C1〜C10)炭化水素基、−O−(C1〜C6)アルキル基、フルオロ(C1〜C6)アルキル基、−O−(C1〜C6)フルオロアルキル基、水酸基、メチレンジオキシ基、エチレンジオキシ基、−CN、ニトロ基、−S−(C1〜C6)アルキル基、(C1〜C6)アルコキシカルボニル基、(C1〜C6)アシル基、アミノ基、(C1〜C6)アルキルアミノ基、ジ(C1〜C6)アルキルアミノ基、(C1〜C6)アシルアミノ基、及び−A-R10から選択され、ここで、Aは(C1〜C6)炭化水素基であり、R10は−O−(C1〜C6)アルキル基、フルオロ(C1〜C6)アルキル基、−O−(C1〜C6)フルオロアルキル基、水酸基、−CN、ニトロ基、−S−(C1〜C6)アルキル基、(C1〜C6)アルコキシカルボニル基、(C1〜C6)アシル基、アミノ基、(C1〜C6)アルキルアミノ基、ジ(C1〜C6)アルキルアミノ基及び(C1〜C6)アシルアミノ基から選択され;
R3は、水素原子、シアノ基、ニトロ基、アセチル基及び−C(=O)NH2から選択され;
R4及びR5は、それぞれ、独立して、水素原子及びメチル基から選択され;
Yは、O又はNR8であり;
R8は、水素原子及び(C1〜C7)炭化水素から選択され、
Arは、場合により置換されていることのある単環式又は二環式アリール基又はヘテロアリール基であり;
YがOである場合には、Arが2,4−ジクロロフェニルであり、R1、R2、R4及びR5が水素原子であり、R3がシアノ基ではないものとする]
で表される化合物を固形腫瘍に接触させることを含む、固形腫瘍の成長を阻害する方法。 - 前記固形腫瘍が、基底細胞癌、悪性腫瘍及び髄芽腫から選択される、請求項16に記載の方法。
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