JP2014210257A - 海水脱塩システム - Google Patents
海水脱塩システム Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003011 anion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960002089 ferrous chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 23
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 salt ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011530 conductive current collector Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005115 demineralization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002328 demineralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002999 depolarising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L dimercury dichloride Chemical class Cl[Hg][Hg]Cl ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011263 electroactive material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003411 electrode reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000398 iron phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4693—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
- B01D61/46—Apparatus therefor
- B01D61/461—Apparatus therefor comprising only a single cell, only one anion or cation exchange membrane or one pair of anion and cation membranes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/4604—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods for desalination of seawater or brackish water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4691—Capacitive deionisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4693—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis
- C02F1/4695—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis electrodeionisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】処理すべき水を保持するような構成の少なくとも1つの水用チャンバと;水中の少なくとも1種の陰イオンを受け入れることができ、水中の少なくとも1種の陰イオンとの可逆性酸化還元反応を行うことができる反応剤を含む、少なくとも1つの酸化還元電極と;前記水用チャンバに浸されるか、または、任意要素の多孔性セパレータによって前記水用チャンバから分離している、水中の少なくとも1つの陽イオンを収容し、挿入することができる少なくとも1つのインターカレーション電極と;前記水用チャンバから前記酸化還元電極を分離する陰イオン交換膜とを備える、水を処理するための電気化学セル。
【選択図】なし
Description
電極反応は、以下の反応スキーム1によってあらわされてもよい。
反応スキーム1
Cl−+FeCl2→FeCl3+e−;酸化中
FeCl3+e−→Cl−+FeCl2;還元中
水と反応性のイオン(例えば、Na+、Li+、K+、Mg2+およびCa2+)を有する金属は、その高い電気化学ポテンシャルのため、水溶液中で電極にめっきすることはできない。結果として、これらの金属を電気化学セル中の負電極にめっきしようとする企てによって、金属めっきの代わりに、水と反応し、水素ガスを発生させることができる。したがって、めっきによってこのようなイオンを電気化学的に水溶液から除去することはできない。しかし、これらのI族およびII族の金属イオンの中には、適切な遷移金属化合物に挿入することができるものがあり、この場合、これらのイオンは、水から隔離される。このような有名な系の1つは、二酸化マンガン(MnO2)である。Na+およびK+のMnO2への挿入が示されている。しかし、MnO2のすべての結晶形態が、非常に良好に塩基性金属を挿入することができるわけではない。図1は、MnO2の主な結晶構造を示す模式図である。図1に示すように、MnO2のアルファ形態およびデルタ形態が、本開示の一実施形態で好ましい。
反応スキーム2
挿入の場合、Na++MnO2+e−→Nax(MnO2)y、
脱離の場合、Nax(MnO2)y→Na++MnO2+e−
第一鉄−第二鉄の塩化物酸化還元反応:
塩化第一鉄を0.1M HClに溶かした0.1M水溶液を、電位の影響下で膜を通って拡散した塩化物イオン(Cl−)を用いて塩化第二鉄に酸化した。Cl−イオンを放出することによって、エネルギー的に望ましい様式で塩化第二鉄を塩化第一鉄溶液に還元し、Cl−イオンは膜を通って拡散した。
96%を超える陰イオン選択性を有し、電気抵抗が1Ω/cm2未満であり、0〜13のpH範囲で安定であり、厚みが約0.1mmの陰イオン交換膜Fumasep(登録商標)FAB(FuMA−Tech GmbH、ドイツ)を使用した。
実験室スケールの量のMnO2のアルファ形態(「アルファ−MnO2」)を以下のように調製した。なお、他の工業プロセスを用い、大容積のアルファ−MnO2の製造を行うことができる。200mlの0.1M KMnO4および200mlの0.15M MnSO4・H2Oを調製し、個々に30℃まで加熱した。KMnO4溶液をビーカーに入れ、超音波浴中で攪拌した。KMnO4溶液にMnSO4溶液を滴下した。褐色沈殿物が生じた。すべてのMnSO4溶液を消費するまで、沈殿生成が続いた。ビーカーを超音波浴から取り出し、1時間かけて沈殿させた。沈殿物とともに溶液を9000rpmで2分間遠心分離処理した。液体を捨て、沈殿物を脱イオン(「DI」)水で洗浄し、9000rpmで2分間、再度遠心分離処理した。沈殿物を回収し、減圧下、80℃で2時間乾燥させた。最後に、得られた乾燥沈殿粉末を空気中、200℃で12時間熟成させた。
上で調製したアルファ−MnO2(70wt%)をアセチレンブラック(20wt%)およびポリフッ化ビニリデン(「PVDF」)粉末(10wt%)と混合した。必要な場合、数滴の1−メチル−2−ピロリジノンを加え、PVDF粉末を溶解し、この混合物を粉砕して粘性の高いペーストにした。このペーストをグラファイトシートに密度0.1g/cm2で塗布し、電極を作成した。その後、この電極を減圧下、温度130℃で4時間焼き上げた。
図3は、脱塩(帯電)モードでの開示された脱塩デバイスの描写である。図3に示すように、電気化学脱塩セルは、第1のグラファイト平板電極111、鉄電解質を含むチャンバ113、AEM114、メインフローチャンバ117、任意要素の多孔性膜115、MnO2層116を備え、すでに第2のグラファイト平板電極112にすでに取り付けられているスタックによって作られた。チャンバ117は、入口119と出口118とを備え、これらを通って、必要な場合に塩水が流れた。
Claims (4)
- 水を処理するための電気化学セルであって、
処理すべき水を保持するような構成の少なくとも1つの水用チャンバと;
水中の少なくとも1種の陰イオンを受け入れることができ、水中の少なくとも1種の陰イオンとの可逆性酸化還元反応を行うことができる反応剤を含む、少なくとも1つの酸化還元電極と;
前記水用チャンバに浸されるか、または、任意要素の多孔性セパレータによって前記水用チャンバから分離している、水中の少なくとも1つの陽イオンを収容し、挿入することができる少なくとも1つのインターカレーション電極と;
前記水用チャンバから前記酸化還元電極を分離する陰イオン交換膜と;
場合により、前記インターカレーション電極よりも前記酸化還元電極を正にするのに十分な電圧を加えることができる電源と;
場合により、前記処理した水を除去するための少なくとも1つの出口と;
場合により、塩を集めるための少なくとも1つのチャンバとを備え、
前記酸化還元電極は、好ましくは、塩化第一鉄の塩酸溶液を含み、
前記インターカレーション電極は、好ましくは、二酸化マンガンを、好ましくは、αまたはδの結晶形態で含む、電気化学セル。 - 処理すべき水を含む構成の前記チャンバは、塩度が少なくとも500mg/Lである脱塩すべき水を含む、請求項1に記載の電気化学セル。
- 処理すべき水を含む構成の前記チャンバは、塩度が500mg/L未満である再塩化すべき水を含む、請求項1に記載の電気化学セル。
- 水を脱塩する方法であって、この方法は、
塩度が少なくとも500mg/Lである水を、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の電気化学脱塩セルに流すことと、
場合により、アルゴリズムにしたがって、前記セルに出入りする反応剤、脱塩すべき水、または脱塩した水の流れのうち、少なくとも1つの流れを制御することと;
場合により、前記酸化還元電極と前記インターカレーション電極を電子負荷装置に接続することによって、すでに脱塩した水を再塩化することと;
場合により、前記インターカレーション電極よりも前記酸化還元電極を正にするのに十分な電圧を電源を用いて加えることと;
場合により、前記脱塩によって除去された塩を集めることと;
場合により、その後で、集めた塩を工業用塩水に加えることとを含み、
前記水が、500mg/L未満、好ましくは、10〜250mg/Lの範囲の塩度を有する状態で前記陰イオン交換膜を出て、
前記脱塩すべき水は、好ましくは、塩度が1000〜35,000mg/Lの範囲であり、
前記の場合により再塩化することによって、好ましくは、前記電子負荷装置にエネルギーを供給する、方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/863,948 US9340436B2 (en) | 2013-04-16 | 2013-04-16 | Sea water desalination system |
US13/863,948 | 2013-04-16 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2014210257A true JP2014210257A (ja) | 2014-11-13 |
JP6482769B2 JP6482769B2 (ja) | 2019-03-13 |
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EP (1) | EP2792644B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6482769B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102070243B1 (ja) |
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JP2018151256A (ja) * | 2017-03-13 | 2018-09-27 | 一般財団法人電力中央研究所 | 放射性汚染水処理装置、放射性汚染水処理システム |
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US20140197034A1 (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2014-07-17 | Israel Yaar | Capacitive Conveyor-Belt Desalination |
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US9673472B2 (en) | 2015-06-15 | 2017-06-06 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Redox desalination system for clean water production and energy storage |
CN105800744A (zh) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-07-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 便携式海水淡化装置及包括该装置的净水杯 |
KR101872125B1 (ko) * | 2016-11-29 | 2018-06-27 | 서울대학교산학협력단 | 탈염 및 산화제 제조가 가능한 수처리 시스템 |
US10550014B2 (en) | 2017-08-11 | 2020-02-04 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Electrochemical desalination system with coupled electricity storage |
KR101997877B1 (ko) * | 2017-10-12 | 2019-07-08 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | 전기 생산과 지하수 처리가 동시에 가능한 농도차 발전 수처리 장치 |
IL264680B (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2022-09-01 | Palo Alto Res Ct Inc | Electrochemical desalination system |
US11648506B2 (en) | 2018-02-07 | 2023-05-16 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Electrochemical desalination system |
DE102019102977A1 (de) | 2018-02-07 | 2019-08-08 | Palo Alto Research Center Inc. | Elektrochemisches system zur flüssigtrockenmittelregeneration |
US11834354B2 (en) | 2018-10-22 | 2023-12-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Anion insertion electrode materials for desalination water cleaning device |
US11884560B2 (en) | 2018-10-22 | 2024-01-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Conversion materials for electrochemical water softening |
US11884561B2 (en) | 2018-10-22 | 2024-01-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Conversion materials for electrochemical removal of chloride-containing salts from water |
US11597661B2 (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2023-03-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Intercalation-based materials and processes for softening water |
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US10988391B2 (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2021-04-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Desalination electrode |
US11015875B2 (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2021-05-25 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Electrochemical heat pump |
US20200399149A1 (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2020-12-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Desalination device |
US20210039970A1 (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2021-02-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Desalination device electrode activation |
DE102020210205A1 (de) | 2020-08-12 | 2022-02-17 | BSH Hausgeräte GmbH | Entkalken von Wasser in einem wasserführenden Elektrohaushaltsgerät |
US11925903B2 (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2024-03-12 | Xerox Corporation | Electrodialysis heat pump |
US20220223885A1 (en) | 2021-01-14 | 2022-07-14 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Electrochemical device with efficient ion exchange membranes |
US12085293B2 (en) | 2021-03-17 | 2024-09-10 | Mojave Energy Systems, Inc. | Staged regenerated liquid desiccant dehumidification systems |
US11532831B1 (en) | 2021-07-30 | 2022-12-20 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Redox-active compounds and uses thereof |
US11872528B2 (en) | 2021-11-09 | 2024-01-16 | Xerox Corporation | System and method for separating solvent from a fluid |
US11944934B2 (en) | 2021-12-22 | 2024-04-02 | Mojave Energy Systems, Inc. | Electrochemically regenerated liquid desiccant dehumidification system using a secondary heat pump |
WO2024129618A1 (en) | 2022-12-12 | 2024-06-20 | Mojave Energy Systems, Inc. | Liquid desiccant air conditioning system and control methods |
CN115893602B (zh) * | 2022-12-23 | 2024-10-01 | 燕山大学 | 一种能够借助电解质强化其电极材料的电容去离子系统 |
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- 2014-03-26 CN CN201410116716.8A patent/CN104108771B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-03-31 JP JP2014071459A patent/JP6482769B2/ja active Active
- 2014-04-02 IL IL231870A patent/IL231870B/en active IP Right Grant
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SA114350441B1 (ar) | 2016-01-14 |
EP2792644B1 (en) | 2019-02-20 |
CN104108771A (zh) | 2014-10-22 |
US9340436B2 (en) | 2016-05-17 |
EP2792644A1 (en) | 2014-10-22 |
CN104108771B (zh) | 2017-06-06 |
KR102070243B1 (ko) | 2020-03-02 |
KR20140124324A (ko) | 2014-10-24 |
IL231870A0 (en) | 2014-08-31 |
JP6482769B2 (ja) | 2019-03-13 |
IL231870B (en) | 2020-03-31 |
US20140305800A1 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
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