JP2014206311A - Device and method for cooling steam condenser - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device and method for cooling a steam condenser that does not require chlorination of seawater all the time, contributes to environmental conservation and eliminates leakage of seawater from the steam condenser.SOLUTION: A device for cooling a steam condenser includes: a cooling water tank 24 for storing cooling water 11; an introduction passage 12 for introducing the cooling water 11; an inlet water chamber 13 connected to the introduction passage 12 to introduce the cooling water 11; the steam condenser 18 having a plurality of cooling water condenser tubes 17 through which the cooling water 11 introduced from the inlet water chamber 13 passes and that cool steam 15 from a steam turbine 14 to produce steam condensate 16; an outlet water chamber 20 for discharging the cooled cooling water 11 from the cooling water condenser tubes 17; a discharge passage 21 connected to the outlet water chamber 20 to discharge the cooling water 11; an intake pump Pinterposed in the introduction passage 12 or the discharge passage 21 to take in the cooling water 11 from the cooling water tank 24; and a pipe line 41 that is connected to the discharge passage 21 to return the cooling water 11 to the cooling water tank 24 and disposed in a cold water temperature region 42 on the seabed.

Description

  The present invention relates to a condenser cooling apparatus and method.

  Conventionally, in thermal power generation facilities and the like, steam generated in a boiler furnace is cooled and condensed by a condenser to form condensate, which is circulated and used as boiler feed water. Here, in the condenser, a plurality of cooling water thin tubes (for example, 4000 to 5000) for cooling the steam are provided, and cooling seawater is introduced into the cooling water thin tubes as cooling water.

  Here, in the condenser (condenser) that cools the turbine steam, the internal steam pressure is a low pressure close to vacuum (for example, a degree of vacuum of −720 mmHg) and the temperature thereof is increased. Since it is 30-40 degreeC, seawater turns into hot waste_water | drain by heat exchange.

  Conventionally, since seawater is constantly taken, sodium hypochlorite is supplied from a chlorine generator to sterilize marine products (microorganisms, barnacles, etc.) contained in seawater ( For example, see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-300377

  However, in the case of electrolyzing seawater with the chlorine generator according to Patent Document 1, since water is always taken, there is a problem that the power for electrolysis is always applied and the running cost increases.

  Conventionally, the warm drainage that is the cooling water heated by the condenser is discharged as it is to the sea, so that the temperature of the sea surface rises due to this warm drainage, and there is concern about environmental conservation.

  In addition, if a crack such as a gap, a crack, or a pinhole occurs in the cooling water thin tube, a seawater leak from which the seawater that is the cooling water leaks occurs, so the seawater leak is resolved even if a crack occurs. The emergence of condenser cooling devices and methods is eagerly desired.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a condenser cooling device and method that does not constantly sterilize seawater, contributes to environmental conservation, and eliminates seawater leaks in the condenser. And

  The first invention of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a cooling water tank for storing cooling water, an introduction passage for introducing the cooling water, and an inlet connected to the introduction passage for introducing the cooling water. A condenser having a water chamber, a plurality of cooling water tubes through which the cooling water introduced from the inlet water chamber passes and cools the steam from the steam turbine to form condensate, and the bottom of the condenser A condensate water chamber for storing the condensate, an outlet water chamber for discharging the cooled cooling water from the cooling water capillary, and an outlet for discharging the cooling water connected to the outlet water chamber. A passage, and an intake pump interposed in the introduction passage or the discharge passage, and connected to the intake pump for taking the cooling water from the cooling water tank; and the discharge passage, and returns the cooling water to the cooling water tank, A pipeline disposed; and In the cooling device that condenser.

  According to the first invention, the cooling water condensed in the steam in the condenser passes through the pipeline arranged in the cold / hot water area of the seabed, is cooled, returned to the cooling water tank, and returned. By recirculating the cooling water, it is no longer necessary to take water from seawater. This eliminates the need to constantly take water from seawater and sterilize with chlorine.

  In addition, the cooling water heated by the condenser is not discharged into the sea, but is cooled and reused in the cold / hot water area, which eliminates the rise in sea surface temperature due to hot drainage and contributes to environmental conservation. .

  A second invention is characterized in that, in the first invention, when the cooling water is seawater, the intake pump is interposed in the discharge passage, and is a reduced-pressure suction pump that absorbs the cooling water under reduced pressure. It is in the condenser cooling system.

  According to the second invention, even when a crack such as a gap, a crack, a pinhole, or a crack occurs in the cooling water thin tube, it is drawn inward as a result of being suctioned under reduced pressure by the intake pump that absorbs the reduced pressure. Since the condensate that is the steam drain after the turbine passes through the crack and enters the cooling water side, the seawater is prevented from leaking to the condensate side.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the condenser cooling device according to the second aspect of the present invention, further comprising an auxiliary pump that is interposed in the introduction passage and fills the cooling water to the inlet water chamber.

  According to the third aspect of the invention, the auxiliary pump can fill the cooling water into the large number of cooling water tubes in the condenser, and can reduce the load on the intake pump.

  According to a fourth invention, in the first invention, when the cooling water is river water or city water, the intake pump is a discharge pump that is interposed in the introduction passage and sucks and discharges the cooling water. It is in the condenser cooling device.

  According to the fourth aspect of the invention, river water or city water is used as the cooling water instead of seawater, so that no seawater leak occurs.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pipe installed in a cold water area of the seabed in which the cooling water is circulated on a cooling water discharge passage side of a condenser for supplying cooling water to a plurality of cooling water thin tubes and condensing steam. A condenser cooling method is characterized by providing a line and circulating and reusing cooling water.

  According to the fifth aspect of the invention, the cooling water having condensed the steam in the condenser is cooled by passing through the pipeline arranged in the cold / hot water area of the seabed, and returned to the cooling water tank. By recirculating the cooling water, it is no longer necessary to take water from seawater. This eliminates the need to constantly take water from seawater and sterilize with chlorine.

  In a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the fifth aspect, when seawater is used as the cooling water, the cooling water is supplied to the cooling water discharge passage side of the condenser that supplies steam to condensate by supplying a plurality of cooling water tubes. The condenser cooling method is characterized by providing a water intake pump for absorbing water under reduced pressure, suctioning the cooling water under reduced pressure, and supplying it to a cooling water capillary in the condenser.

  According to the sixth invention, even when a crack such as a gap, a crack, a pinhole or a crack occurs in the cooling water thin tube, it is drawn inward as a result of being sucked under reduced pressure by the intake pump that absorbs the reduced pressure. Since the condensate that is the steam drain after the turbine passes through the crack and enters the cooling water side, the seawater is prevented from leaking to the condensate side.

  A seventh aspect of the present invention is the fifth aspect of the invention, in the case where river water or city water is used as the cooling water, the cooling water introduction passage side of the condenser that supplies steam to condensate by supplying water to a plurality of cooling water tubes And a discharge pump for discharging and absorbing the cooling water, and supplying the cooling water to a cooling thin tube in the condenser.

  According to the seventh aspect, since river water or city water is used as cooling water instead of seawater, seawater leakage does not occur.

  According to the present invention, the cooling water having condensed the steam in the condenser is cooled by passing through a pipeline arranged in the cold / hot water area of the seabed, and returned to the cooling water tank. By reusing water, it is no longer necessary to take water from seawater. This eliminates the need to constantly take water from seawater and sterilize with chlorine. The cooling water warmed by the condenser is not discharged into the sea, but is cooled and reused in cold and hot water areas, so that the rise in sea surface temperature due to hot drainage is eliminated, contributing to environmental conservation. As a result, since the cooling water is reused, the seawater is not constantly sterilized with chlorine. Moreover, since it does not discharge warm wastewater, seawater does not rise and can contribute to environmental conservation.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the condenser cooling device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a thermal power generation boiler facility including the condenser cooling device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the condenser. FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a state when a crack occurs in the cooling water thin tube. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the condenser cooling device according to the second embodiment. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a thermal power generation boiler facility having the condenser cooling device according to the third embodiment. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a thermal power generation boiler facility having another condenser cooling device according to the third embodiment.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by this Example, Moreover, when there exists multiple Example, what comprises combining each Example is also included.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the condenser cooling device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a thermal power generation boiler facility including the condenser cooling device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the condenser. FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a state when a crack occurs in the cooling water thin tube.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the condenser cooling device according to the first embodiment includes a cooling water tank 24 that stores the cooling water 11, an introduction passage 12 that introduces the cooling water 11, and the introduction passage 12. An inlet water chamber 13 connected to introduce cooling water 11 and a plurality of coolings that allow the cooling water 11 introduced from the inlet water chamber 13 to pass therethrough and cool the steam 15 from the steam turbine 14 to form condensed water 16. A condenser 18 having a thin water pipe 17, a condensate water chamber 19 for storing the condensate 16, and outlet water for discharging the cooled cooling water 11 from the cooling water thin pipe 17. the chamber 20 is connected to the outlet water chamber 20, the discharge passage 21 to discharge water to the cooling water 11 is interposed the inlet passage 12 or exhaust passage 21, intake pump P ₁ for intake of cooling water 11 from the cooling water tank 24 And the discharge passage 21, and the cooling water in the cooling water tank 24. With return 1, in which includes a pipeline 41 which is disposed cold water 42 of seabed, the. 1 and 2, reference numeral 22 is the sea, 23 is the intake passage, 30 is the condensate passage, 31 is the boiler, 32 is the chimney, G is the generator, P ₁₀ is the condensate pump, 43 is the sluice, 44 is Each of the rotary screen means is illustrated.

In the cooling system of the condenser 18, seawater, which is the cooling water 11 introduced from the sea 22 to the cooling water tank 24 via the intake passage 23, is sucked by the intake pump P ₁ and then recovered via the introduction passage 12. It is introduced into the inlet water chamber 13 of the water bottle 18. In this condenser 18, the cooling water 11, which is disposed in the condenser 18 and guided from the inlet water chamber 13 circulates the steam 15 that has worked in the steam turbine 14 that is coaxially connected to the generator G. Cooled by a large number of cooling water tubes 17 to be condensed water 16.

  Here, the cooling water 11 is chlorinated by, for example, sodium hypochlorite in a cooling water tank 24 by a chlorine treatment means (not shown), for example, to prevent adhesion of marine products contained in seawater in the system. I have to.

  The cooling water 11 that has flowed through the cooling water thin tube 17 is discharged from the outlet water chamber 20 of the condenser 18 through the discharge passage 21, using a pipeline 41 connected to the discharge passage 21. It is returned to 24 and recycled.

At this time, since the cooling water heat-exchanged by the condenser 18 is hot drainage, the pipeline 41 is immersed in the low-temperature cold / hot water area 42 on the seabed, so that the cooling water is cooled.
The cold / hot water area 42 is a deep low-temperature seawater, preferably 15 ° C. or less, more preferably 10 ° C. or less.

  The water temperature in the ocean is most affected by solar radiation, and the change in the surface water temperature is large, but the vertical distribution of the water temperature has almost no change from the surface to several tens of meters, and it tends to decrease rapidly as the depth increases. There is. Although there is no particular limitation on the depth, it is preferable to use seawater of a deep water layer having an annual average water temperature of 15 ° C. or less, more preferably seawater of a deep water layer having an annual average water temperature of 10 ° C. or less. Moreover, if seawater on the ocean surface is used, daily fluctuations and seasonal fluctuations in temperature are large, but these fluctuations can be suppressed by using deep seawater. If the power plant is located near Oyashio, Kuroshio and other ocean currents, it is possible to collect cooling water from Oyashio. The sea surface temperature of Oyashio changes to about 20 ° C around August and about 2 ° C around February, but at a water depth of 50m, it maintains a stable low temperature of about 2-6 ° C in summer and winter.

  By disposing the pipeline 41 in the cold / hot water region 42, when the hot waste water is cooled and returned to the cooling water tank 24, it is cooled to a temperature suitable for reuse as cooling water.

  Therefore, in the present invention, the cooling water heated by the conventional condenser is not discharged into the sea, but is cooled and reused in the cold / hot water area 42, so the rise in the temperature of the sea surface due to the hot drainage is eliminated. It will contribute to environmental conservation.

  Further, since the seawater is once introduced into the cooling water tank 24 as the cooling water and sterilized with chlorine, the circulating cooling water does not need to be sterilized with chlorine.

  In addition, when the water level of the cooling water 11 in the cooling water tank 24 is lowered, the water gate 43 is opened and a necessary amount of seawater is introduced. In this case, chlorine sterilization is required. However, as in the past, seawater is not always introduced and chlorinated, so that the running cost can be reduced by reducing the frequency of chlorine sterilization. Further, the floating means in the seawater introduced when the sluice 23 is opened is removed by the screen means (for example, a rotary screen) 44. However, since the frequency of seawater introduction decreases, the screen means 44 must be replaced. The frequency can be reduced.

Further, in this embodiment, since the reduced pressure water is absorbed by the intake pump P ₁ interposed in the discharge passage 21, the inside of the cooling water thin tube 17 is depressurized.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3 and 4, even when a crack such as cooling water onto a capillary 17 for example gaps 27a and pinhole cracks 27b occurs, the result is vacuum sucked by the intake pump P _1, it is drawn inwardly Therefore, the condensate 16 that is the steam drain after the turbine passes through the crack and enters the cooling water 11 side (see FIG. 4). As a result, the seawater is prevented from leaking to the condensate 16 side, and the seawater leak does not occur.

On the other hand, conventionally, the pump installed on the cooling water tank 24 side uses a discharge pump that once sucks seawater and discharges it to the condensate side. Pressurized water feeding ( ^{2 to 3} kg / cm ² ) is performed. As a result, when a crack such as a pinhole occurs, the pressurized water supply action blows out to the inside of the condenser (vacuum degree: -720 mmHg), which is a vacuum condition. (A so-called seawater leak) occurs, causing a salt damage in boiler water supply.

Thus, according to the condenser cooling device of the present embodiment, the intake pump P _{1 that} absorbs the cooling water 11 under reduced pressure into the discharge passage 21 that discharges the cooling water 11 from the outlet water chamber 20 of the condenser 18. Therefore, even if a crack or the like occurs in the cooling water thin tube 17, the condensate 16 only passes through the crack and enters the cooling water 11 side, and seawater leaks to the condensate 16 side. Occurrence is prevented.

  According to the present embodiment, the cooling water 11 condensed with the steam in the condenser 18 is cooled and returned to the cooling water tank 24 by passing through the pipeline 41 disposed in the cold / hot water area 42 on the seabed. By circulating and using the returned cooling water, it is no longer necessary to take water from seawater. Thereby, the chlorine sterilization in the case of always taking water from seawater becomes unnecessary.

  In addition, the cooling water 11 warmed by the condenser 18 is not discharged into the sea as hot wastewater, but is cooled and reused in the cold / hot water area 42, so that the rise in sea surface temperature due to hot wastewater is eliminated, and the environment It will contribute to conservation.

Further, according to the condenser cooling device of the embodiment, the intake pump P ₁ for absorbing the cooling water 11 under reduced pressure is installed in the discharge passage 21 for discharging the cooling water 11 from the outlet water chamber 20 of the condenser 18. Therefore, even when a crack or the like occurs in the cooling water thin tube 17, the condensate 16 only passes through the crack and enters the cooling water 11 side, and seawater leakage to the condensate 16 side is eliminated. Is done.

  In this way, it contributes to environmental conservation and there is no occurrence of seawater leak in the condenser 18, so that the stoppage of power generation or the like when seawater leak occurs as in the prior art is eliminated.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the condenser cooling device according to the second embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member which overlaps with the structure of the cooling device of the condenser which concerns on Example 1, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.
As shown in FIG. 5, the condenser cooling device according to the present embodiment is interposed in the introduction passage 12 in the condenser cooling device of the first embodiment, and the cooling water 11 is fully filled up to the inlet water chamber 13. An auxiliary pump P ₂ is provided.
A large number of the cooling water thin tubes 17 of the condenser 18 are arranged on the tube plates 26 and 26 in a direction orthogonal to the vertical direction. When the cooling water thin tubes 17 are filled with water, the suction type water intake pump P ₁ is used. It takes more power than necessary. In particular, the introduction passage 12 and the discharge passage 21 is inverted U-shaped tube 12a, as 21a, used when rises in height (H) as it takes head pressure, in order to full water, an auxiliary pump P ₂ ing.

Then, after the auxiliary pump P ₂ was spread inside until the cooling water 11 of the cooling water capillary 17 in the condenser 18, the auxiliary pump P ₂ is stopped, depressurized water only intake pump P _1.

Further, during the boiler operation, the discharge pressure of the auxiliary pump P ₂ may be adjusted so that the cooling water is supplied to such an extent that the auxiliary pump P ₂ is not pushed in, so that the load on the intake pump P ₁ may be reduced.

Further, the sensor that manages the water supply water quality of the water supply system, when the seawater leakage is confirmed, an auxiliary pump P ₂ may be stopped.
Thus, since the discharge of the auxiliary pump P ₂ is not a pressurized pumping water condenser is a vacuum condition (vacuum degree: -720MmHg) is prevented from blown inward leakage into condensate 16 (so-called seawater leak) No longer occurs.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a thermal power generation boiler facility having the condenser cooling device according to the third embodiment. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a thermal power generation boiler facility having another condenser cooling device according to the third embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member which overlaps with the structure of the cooling device of the condenser which concerns on Example 1 and 2, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.
As shown in FIG. 6, the condenser cooling device according to the present embodiment uses river water from the river 45 as the cooling water 11, unlike the condenser cooling device according to the first embodiment.
River water is taken from the river 45 into the cooling water tank 24 through the water passage 23.

In this embodiment, since river water is used as the cooling water 11, water can be taken by a discharge pump similar to the conventional one.
That is, a discharge pump P ₃ that sucks river water in the cooling water tank 24 once and discharges it to the condenser 18 side is used, and pressurized water supply (2 for pushing the cooling water 11 to the cooling water thin tube 17 side). ~3kg / cm ²⁾ as, a crack is not seawater occurs, no that sea water leak.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 7, it is good also as the cooling water 11 using the city water 46 instead of river water.

  According to the present embodiment, river water 45 or city water 46 is used instead of seawater as the cooling water 11 as in the first embodiment, so that seawater leak does not occur.

  Also, since no seawater is used, chlorination for marine products can be omitted.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Cooling water 12 Introductory passage 13 Inlet water chamber 14 Steam turbine 15 Steam 16 Condensate 17 Cooling water thin tube 18 Condenser 19 Condensate water chamber 20 Outlet water chamber 21 Discharge passage 24 Cooling water tank 41 Pipeline 42 Cold / hot water area 45 River 46 City water P ₁ intake pump P ₂ auxiliary pump P ₃ discharge pump

Claims (7)

A cooling water tank for storing cooling water;
An introduction passage for introducing the cooling water;
An inlet water chamber connected to the introduction passage and introducing the cooling water;
A condenser having a plurality of cooling water tubes that allow the cooling water introduced from the inlet water chamber to pass through and cool the steam from the steam turbine to condense;
A condensate water chamber provided at the bottom of the condenser and storing the condensate;
An outlet water chamber for discharging the cooling water after cooling from the cooling water capillary;
A discharge passage connected to the outlet water chamber and discharging the cooling water;
A water intake pump that is interposed in the introduction passage or the discharge passage and takes the cooling water from the cooling water tank;
A condenser cooling device, comprising: a pipeline connected to the discharge passage, returning the cooling water to the cooling water tank, and disposed in a cold / hot water area of the seabed. In claim 1,
When the cooling water is seawater,
The condenser cooling device according to claim 1, wherein the intake pump is a vacuum suction pump that is interposed in the discharge passage and absorbs the cooling water under reduced pressure. In claim 2,
A condenser cooling device having an auxiliary pump interposed in the introduction passage and filling the cooling water to the inlet water chamber. In claim 1,
When the cooling water is river water or city water,
The condenser cooling device, wherein the intake pump is a discharge pump that is interposed in the introduction passage and sucks and discharges cooling water.   A pipeline installed in the cold and warm water area of the seabed that circulates the cooling water is provided on the cooling water discharge passage side of the condenser that supplies the cooling water to a plurality of cooling water tubes and condenses the steam. A condenser cooling method characterized by recirculating and reusing water.   In claim 5, when seawater is used as cooling water, a water intake pump for depressurizing and absorbing the cooling water is provided on the cooling water discharge passage side of the condenser that supplies steam to condensate to a plurality of cooling water thin tubes. A method for cooling a condenser, wherein the cooling water is sucked under reduced pressure and supplied to a cooling water thin tube in the condenser.   In Claim 5, when river water or city water is used as cooling water, cooling water is discharged and absorbed into the cooling water introduction passage side of the condenser that supplies steam to condensate to a plurality of cooling water capillaries. A condenser cooling method, comprising a discharge pump, and supplying the cooling water to a cooling thin tube in the condenser.

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