JP2014204944A - Feeding water heating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To utilize heat of a dialysis waste fluid for heating feeding water while preventing contamination by the dialysis waste fluid.SOLUTION: A feeding water heating device comprises a primary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger, a secondary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger and a heat pump to heat feeding water supplied for a dialysis equipment side. The primary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger collects heat from a dialysis waste fluid by the heat exchange between a first refrigerant which is gas in ordinary temperature and normal pressure and the dialysis waste fluid discharged from a dialyzer. The secondary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger heats the feeding water by the heat exchange between the feeding water and a second refrigerant which is gas in ordinary temperature and normal pressure. A primary side refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger of the heat pump is linked to the primary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger through a primary side refrigerant piping. A secondary side refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger of the heat pump is linked to the secondary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger through a secondary side refrigerant piping.

Description

  The present invention relates to a supply water heating apparatus configured to heat supply water supplied toward a dialysis apparatus (also referred to as an artificial dialysis apparatus or a hemodialysis apparatus).

  As is well known, in a dialysis machine, blood derived from a patient is returned to the patient's body after the waste and the like are removed by facing the dialysate through a semipermeable membrane or the like. Here, the blood returned to the patient's body after removal of the waste and the like needs to be at a temperature substantially equal to the body temperature of the patient. For this reason, it is necessary to appropriately adjust the temperature of the dialysate or the feed water inside and outside the dialyzer.

  In this regard, in the water treatment apparatus (apparatus for producing purified water for artificial dialysis) described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-144389, tap water which is raw water is pretreated (softening water, removing chlorine and removing organic substances). A heating device for heating the treated water is provided. Such a warming device keeps the temperature in the soft water tank at a predetermined temperature by heating while circulating the treated water between the soft water tank storing the treated water. Moreover, in this apparatus, the heater apparatus which heats the purified water which refine | purified the above-mentioned treated water with the reverse osmosis membrane (RO membrane: RO is abbreviation for Reverse Osmosis) is provided. Such a heater device is attached to a purified water tank that stores purified water (also referred to as RO water).

  On the other hand, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-17492, raw water is obtained by utilizing a temperature difference between raw water (RO raw water) supplied to a water treatment device (RO tank) and dialysis waste liquid (used dialysate). A method for efficiently heating is disclosed. In such a conventional technique, heat exchange between raw water and dialysis waste liquid is performed in a heat exchanger.

JP 2005-144389 A JP 2013-17492 A

  In the water treatment apparatus described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-144389 described above, there is a problem from the viewpoint of energy saving because power consumption by the heating device and the heater device is large. On the other hand, in the technique described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-17492 described above, there is a concern that pitting corrosion or the like occurs inside the heat exchanger, so that raw water is contaminated by dialysis waste liquid. The present invention has been made to cope with such a problem. That is, an object of the present invention is to effectively use the heat of the dialysis waste liquid while suppressing contamination by the dialysis waste liquid.

  The supply water warming device of the present invention is configured to warm the supply water supplied toward the dialyzer side. This “feed water” is typically raw water supplied to a water treatment device (provided with an RO membrane or the like) provided on the upstream side of the dialysis machine, and is, for example, tap water. The supply water warming device includes a primary water-heat medium heat exchanger, a secondary water-heat medium heat exchanger, and a heat pump.

  The primary side water-heat medium heat exchanger heats the dialysis waste liquid by heat exchange between the first heat medium (for example, a gaseous refrigerant at normal temperature and normal pressure) and the dialysis waste liquid discharged from the dialyzer. It is provided to collect. The secondary water-heat medium heat exchanger is provided to heat the supply water by heat exchange between the supply water and a second heat medium (for example, a gaseous refrigerant at normal temperature and normal pressure). .

  The heat pump includes a primary heat medium-heat medium heat exchanger, a secondary heat medium-heat medium heat exchanger, a compressor, and an expansion valve. The primary heat medium-heat medium heat exchanger is connected to the primary water-heat medium heat exchanger via a primary heat medium pipe (circulation pipe through which the first heat medium flows). . The primary heat medium-heat medium heat exchanger is provided so as to exchange heat between the first heat medium and the third heat medium (a gaseous refrigerant at normal temperature and normal pressure). The secondary heat medium-heat medium heat exchanger is connected to the secondary water-heat medium heat exchanger via a secondary heat medium pipe (circulation pipe through which the second heat medium flows). Has been. The secondary heat medium-heat medium heat exchanger is provided so as to exchange heat between the second heat medium and the third heat medium. The compressor and the expansion valve are interposed in an intermediate heat medium pipe. The intermediate heat medium pipe is a circulation pipe through which the third heat medium flows, and connects the primary heat medium-heat medium heat exchanger and the secondary heat medium-heat medium heat exchanger. It is provided as follows.

  The supply water warming device of the present invention may further include a primary heat medium storage unit and a primary heat medium delivery pump. The primary heat medium reservoir is interposed in the primary heat medium pipe. The primary heat medium storage section is provided so as to store the liquid first heat medium. The primary heat medium delivery pump is a sealless pump interposed in the primary side heat medium pipe. The primary heat medium delivery pump is provided so as to deliver the liquid first heat medium stored in the primary heat medium storage section toward the primary water-heat medium heat exchanger.

  In the supply water warming apparatus having such a configuration, heat is recovered from the dialysis waste liquid by heat exchange between the dialysis waste liquid and the first heat medium by the primary side water-heat medium heat exchanger. The first heat medium that has recovered heat from the dialysis waste liquid passes through the primary heat medium pipe and reaches the primary heat medium-heat medium heat exchanger in the heat pump.

  In the heat pump, heat exchange between the first heat medium and the third heat medium is performed in the primary heat medium-heat medium heat exchanger. Specifically, by heat exchange between the first heat medium and the third heat medium subjected to an expansion action by an expansion valve provided on the upstream side of the primary heat medium-heat medium heat exchanger, In the primary heat medium-heat medium heat exchanger, heat transfer occurs from the first heat medium to the third heat medium.

  The third heat medium that has passed through the primary heat medium-heat medium heat exchanger is compressed by the compressor and then reaches the secondary heat medium-heat medium heat exchanger. In the secondary heat medium-heat medium heat exchanger, heat exchange between the third heat medium and the second heat medium is performed. Thereby, the second heat medium is heated by the secondary heat medium-heat medium heat exchanger.

  The second heat medium heated by heat exchange between the third heat medium and the second heat medium in the secondary heat medium-heat medium heat exchanger in the heat pump is the secondary side By passing the heat medium pipe, the secondary side water-heat medium heat exchanger is reached. The supply water is heated by heat exchange between the second heat medium and the supply water in the secondary side water-heat medium heat exchanger.

  Thus, in the feed water warming device of the present invention, the feed water is warmed by the heat recovered from the dialysis waste liquid. Thereby, the electric power consumption for heating for obtaining the dialysis water (purified water used for preparation of a dialysate) of predetermined temperature is reduced favorably. Moreover, even if pitting corrosion or the like occurs inside the primary side water-heat medium heat exchanger, the supply water is well prevented from being contaminated. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to effectively use the heat of the dialysis waste liquid for heating the supply water while suppressing contamination of the supply water by the dialysis waste liquid.

1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a dialysis system to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied. It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of the modification of the dialysis system shown by FIG. It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of the other modification of the dialysis system shown by FIG.

<Configuration>
DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the invention is embodied will be described with reference to the drawings (variation examples are described at the end). As shown in FIG. 1, the dialysis system 10 includes a dialysis device 11, a water treatment device 12, and a feed water warming device 13.

  The dialysis apparatus 11 is connected to the water treatment apparatus 12 via a dialysis water introduction path 14. In this embodiment, the dialysis apparatus 11 is a multi-person dialysis apparatus including a large number of dialysis monitoring apparatuses (not shown), and uses dialysis water received from the water treatment apparatus 12 via the dialysis water introduction path 14. The dialysate is prepared (manufactured) and sent to each dialysis monitoring device, and the dialysis solution is temperature-adjusted by each dialysis monitoring device to perform dialysis treatment (such a dialysis device for multiple people and dialysis monitoring). The configuration of the apparatus is well known as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-310749, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-296158, and the like, and description thereof will be omitted in this specification. The dialysis machine 11 collects the dialysis waste liquid after dialysis treatment by each of the above dialysis monitoring apparatuses, temporarily stores it in a waste liquid tank (not shown), and discharges the dialysis waste liquid from the waste liquid tank to the waste liquid flow path 15. It is configured.

  A raw water introduction path 16 is connected to the water treatment device 12. This water treatment device 12 is supplied from the raw water supply port 17 and supplied via the raw water introduction path 16 to the tap water as raw water (filtering, ion exchange, reverse osmosis treatment, etc.). ) To purify dialysis water. In addition, the water treatment device 12 is provided so as to supply the dialysis device 11 with dialysis water whose temperature is adjusted to a predetermined temperature (for example, 27 to 29 ° C.). That is, the water treatment device 12 is disposed on the upstream side of the dialysis device 11 with respect to the flow direction of the dialysis water.

  Specifically, the water treatment device 12 includes a treatment module 21 and a warmer 22. The treatment module 21 includes an RO membrane that is a water treatment unit for performing the above-described water treatment. The warmer 22 includes an electric heater and is provided to heat the raw water supplied to the processing module 21. In addition, since the structure of this water treatment apparatus 12 is known as disclosed by Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2005-144389 etc., the description about this is abbreviate | omitted in this specification.

  The supply water warming device 13 uses the heat recovered from the dialysis waste liquid flowing through the waste liquid flow path 15 to heat the tap water as “supply water” of the present invention flowing through the raw water introduction path 16. It is configured as follows. Specifically, the supply water warming device 13 includes a primary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31, a primary side refrigerant pipe 32, a secondary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33, and a secondary side refrigerant pipe 34. The heat pump unit 35 is provided.

  The primary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31 is connected to the heat pump unit 35 via a primary side refrigerant pipe 32 which is a circulation pipe through which the first refrigerant C1 flows. The primary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31 is interposed in the waste liquid flow path 15. The primary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31 is a so-called brazing plate heat exchanger, and recovers heat from the dialysis waste liquid by heat exchange between the dialysis waste liquid flowing in the primary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31 and the first refrigerant C1. It is configured as follows. Here, the 1st refrigerant | coolant C1 is a gaseous refrigerant | coolant at normal temperature normal pressure, Comprising: In this embodiment, it is R134a.

  In the present embodiment, the primary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31 is provided near the dialysis apparatus 11 (that is, a position corresponding to the upstream portion in the waste liquid flow path 15) from the viewpoint of heat recovery efficiency from the dialysis waste liquid. On the other hand, it is provided in the position away from the heat pump unit 35 from a hygienic viewpoint. Moreover, the primary side refrigerant | coolant piping 32 is comprised so that favorable heat insulation may arise between the internal space through which the 1st refrigerant | coolant C1 flows, and the external space of the said primary side refrigerant | coolant piping 32. FIG.

  The secondary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33 is connected to the heat pump unit 35 via a secondary side refrigerant pipe 34 which is a circulation pipe through which the second refrigerant C2 flows. The secondary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33 is interposed in the raw water introduction path 16. The secondary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33 is configured to heat the tap water by exchanging heat of the tap water with the second refrigerant C2 that flows therethrough. Here, the 2nd refrigerant | coolant C2 is a gaseous refrigerant | coolant at normal temperature normal pressure, Comprising: In this embodiment, it is R134a. That is, in the present embodiment, the second refrigerant C2 is the same type of refrigerant as the first refrigerant C1.

  In the present embodiment, the secondary water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33 is disposed at a position not far from the heat pump unit 35. Moreover, in this embodiment, the secondary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33 is a brazing plate type heat exchanger made of stainless steel (nickel brazing type) that does not cause elution of copper ions into flowing tap water. It is. Note that, similarly to the primary side refrigerant pipe 32, the secondary side refrigerant pipe 34 also has good heat insulation between the internal space through which the second refrigerant C2 flows and the external space of the secondary side refrigerant pipe 34. It is configured as follows.

  A bypass flow path 36 is provided so as to connect the inflow portion to the secondary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33 and the outflow portion from the secondary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33 in the raw water introduction path 16. It has been. A bypass control valve 37 that is an on-off valve is interposed in the bypass flow path 36. Further, in the raw water introduction path 16, at a portion between the branch position of the bypass flow path 36 and the secondary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33 (on the tap water inflow side to the secondary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33). Is provided with a bypass control valve 38 which is an on-off valve. Similarly, a portion of the raw water introduction passage 16 between the joining position of the bypass passage 36 and the secondary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33 (tap water outflow side from the secondary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33). A bypass control valve 39, which is an on-off valve, is interposed.

  In the present embodiment, a primary refrigerant storage unit 321, a primary refrigerant delivery pump 322, and a check valve 323 are interposed in the primary side refrigerant pipe 32. The primary refrigerant reservoir 321, the primary refrigerant delivery pump 322, and the check valve 323 are arranged in this order along the same direction on the downstream side in the refrigerant flow direction from the heat pump unit 35 in the primary refrigerant pipe 32. .

  The primary refrigerant storage unit 321 is provided so as to store the liquid first refrigerant C1. The primary refrigerant delivery pump 322 is a so-called sealless pump, and is provided so as to deliver the liquid-state first refrigerant C1 stored in the primary refrigerant storage unit 321 toward the primary water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31. It has been. The check valve 323 is provided so as to allow the flow of the first refrigerant C1 from the primary refrigerant delivery pump 322 toward the primary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31 while preventing the reverse flow. Yes.

  In addition, a check valve 341 is interposed in the flow portion of the second refrigerant C2 in the liquid state in the secondary refrigerant pipe 34. The check valve 341 allows the second refrigerant C2 condensed and liquefied by heat exchange in the secondary water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33 to flow into the heat pump unit 35, while the liquid state in the opposite direction is in the reverse direction. It is provided to prevent the second refrigerant C2 from flowing therethrough.

  The heat pump unit 35 is configured to perform the function of moving the heat recovered from the dialysis waste liquid in the primary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31 to the secondary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33. Specifically, the heat pump unit 35 includes a primary side refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 351, a secondary side refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 352, a compressor 353, an expansion valve 354, and an intermediate refrigerant pipe 355. I have.

  The primary side refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 351 is connected to the primary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31 via the primary side refrigerant pipe 32. This primary side refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 351 is provided so as to exchange heat between the first refrigerant C1 and the third refrigerant C3. Here, the third refrigerant C3 is a gaseous refrigerant at a normal temperature and a normal pressure, and is R134a in the present embodiment. That is, in the present embodiment, the third refrigerant C3 is the same type of refrigerant as the first refrigerant C1 and the second refrigerant C2.

  The secondary side refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 352 is connected to the secondary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33 via the secondary side refrigerant pipe 34. In the present embodiment, the secondary refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 352 has the action of gravity without using the pump of the second refrigerant C2 condensed and liquefied in the secondary water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33. It is arranged below the secondary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33 so as to flow in. The secondary side refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 352 is connected to the primary side refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 351 via an intermediate refrigerant pipe 355 that is a circulation pipe through which the third refrigerant C3 flows. The secondary refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 352 is provided so as to exchange heat between the second refrigerant C2 and the third refrigerant C3.

  The compressor 353 and the expansion valve 354 are interposed in the intermediate refrigerant pipe 355. The compressor 353 is provided so as to compress the third refrigerant C3 vaporized (evaporated) through the primary-side refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 351 and send it to the secondary-side refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 352. . The expansion valve 354 is provided to expand the third refrigerant C3 condensed through the secondary side refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 352.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the position near the primary refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 351 in the primary refrigerant pipe 32 and the position near the secondary refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 352 in the secondary refrigerant pipe 34 are: Each is provided with a service port 356. The service port 356 is provided for discharging the first refrigerant C1 and the second refrigerant C2 during maintenance work in the supply water warming device 13.

<Action and effect>
Hereinafter, the operation, action, and effect of the configuration of this embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. First, the basic operation of the dialysis system 10 will be described.

  The tap water that is the raw water is subjected to various water treatments (cleaning treatments) by the treatment module 21 to generate dialysis water. Specifically, first, “pretreatment” is performed in which foreign substances and hardness components (magnesium, calcium, etc.) in tap water are removed. Next, the water for dialysis is purified by subjecting the treated water generated by the pretreatment to reverse osmosis treatment by the RO membrane.

  Here, as is well known, the amount of permeated water of the RO membrane decreases as the water temperature decreases. For this reason, the load of RO membrane is reduced favorably by heating the above-mentioned treated water (RO raw water) sent toward the RO membrane. Therefore, in the dialysis system 10, the water treatment device 12 has a built-in heater 22 and a supply water heating device 13 is provided so as to heat tap water supplied to the water treatment device 12. ing. In this embodiment, RO raw water is heated so that it may become 27-29 degreeC.

  The dialysis water purified as described above is temporarily stored in a RO water tank (not shown) provided in the processing module 21 and maintained at a temperature of 27 to 29 ° C. by an electric heater (not shown) attached to the RO water tank. Is done. The temperature-adjusted 27 to 29 ° C. dialysis water is introduced into the dialysis machine 11 via the dialysis water introduction path 14.

  In the dialysis machine 11, the dialysis fluid is prepared by mixing the introduced dialysis water and the stock solution of the dialysis fluid, and the prepared dialysis fluid is sent to each of the dialysis monitoring devices described above. In each dialysis monitoring device, the dialysate is heated to a temperature substantially the same as the patient's body temperature by a built-in electric heater and used for dialysis treatment, and then discharged from each dialysis monitoring device as dialysis waste fluid. The dialysis waste liquid discharged from each dialysis monitoring device is once collected in a waste liquid tank (not shown) and then discharged to the waste liquid flow path 15.

  Next, the detail of operation | movement of the feed water heating apparatus 13 of this embodiment is demonstrated.

  When the dialysis system 10 is activated, the dialysis waste liquid (a sufficient amount) does not flow through the waste liquid flow path 15 and the primary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31. Therefore, when the dialysis system 10 is started, the bypass control valve 37 is opened while the bypass control valves 38 and 39 are closed. As a result, the tap water supplied to the raw water supply port 17 bypasses the secondary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33 and is supplied to the water treatment device 12. In this case, the tap water is heated only by the heater 22.

  When a predetermined amount of dialysis waste liquid is stored in the above-described waste liquid tank (not shown) in the dialyzer 11, the discharge of the dialysis waste liquid from the dialyzer 11 to the waste liquid flow path 15 starts. Then, the flow state of the dialysis waste liquid in the primary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31 reaches a level at which heat exchange between the dialysis waste liquid and the first refrigerant C1 can be effectively performed. At this time, the bypass control valves 38 and 39 are opened while the bypass control valve 37 is closed. Then, the operation of the heat pump unit 35 is started.

  When the operation of the heat pump unit 35 is started, the water is recovered in the secondary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33 by using heat recovered from the dialysis waste liquid in the primary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31 as follows. Water is warmed.

  The liquid first refrigerant C1 stored in the primary refrigerant storage unit 321 is sent out toward the primary water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31 by the primary refrigerant delivery pump 322. In the primary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31, heat is recovered from the dialysis waste liquid by heat exchange between the dialysis waste liquid having a temperature approximately equal to the body temperature of the human body and the first refrigerant C1. At this time, the first refrigerant C1 is heated and vaporized by heat transfer from the dialysis waste liquid to the first refrigerant C1. Thus, the 1st refrigerant | coolant C1 vaporized by collect | recovering heat | fever from a dialysis waste liquid flows in the primary side refrigerant | coolant piping 32, and reaches the primary side refrigerant | coolant heat exchanger 351.

  In the heat pump unit 35, heat exchange is performed between the first refrigerant C1 and the liquid third refrigerant C3 that is expanded by the expansion valve 354 in the primary refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 351. Is called. At this time, the third refrigerant C3 is heated and vaporized by heat transfer from the first refrigerant C1 to the third refrigerant C3. The vaporized third refrigerant C <b> 3 reaches the compressor 353 by flowing through the intermediate refrigerant pipe 355. On the other hand, the first refrigerant C1 is condensed and liquefied. The condensed first refrigerant C <b> 1 in the liquid state is stored in the primary refrigerant storage unit 321.

  The third refrigerant C3 that has passed through the primary-side refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 351 reaches the secondary-side refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 352 by flowing through the intermediate refrigerant pipe 355 after being compressed by the compressor 353. . In the secondary side refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 352, heat exchange between the third refrigerant C3 and the second refrigerant C2 is performed. At this time, the second refrigerant C2 is heated and vaporized by heat transfer from the third refrigerant C3 to the second refrigerant C2. On the other hand, the third refrigerant C3 is condensed and liquefied. The condensed third refrigerant C3 in the liquid state flows through the intermediate refrigerant pipe 355 toward the expansion valve 354.

  Thus, the second refrigerant C2 heated by heat exchange in the secondary-side refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 352 in the heat pump unit 35 flows through the secondary-side refrigerant pipe 34, whereby the secondary side The water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33 is reached. And tap water is heated by heat exchange with the 2nd refrigerant | coolant C2 and tap water in this secondary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33. FIG. The tap water heated in the secondary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33 is supplied to the water treatment device 12.

  As described above, in the supply water warming device 13 of the present embodiment, the tap water supplied to the water treatment device 12 is warmed by the heat recovered from the dialysis waste liquid. For this reason, it becomes possible to suppress the usage-amount of the existing warmer (electric heater) with which the existing dialysis system (from the water treatment apparatus 12 to the dialysis apparatus 11) is equipped. On the other hand, the power consumption for the circulation of the first refrigerant C1, the second refrigerant C2, and the third refrigerant C3 during the operation of the heat pump unit 35 is achieved when the same thermal effect is realized by an electric heater, This value is much smaller than when water is used instead of the refrigerant. Therefore, according to the structure of this embodiment, the power consumption for heating for obtaining the dialysis water of predetermined temperature is reduced favorably.

  Further, in the supply water warming device 13 of the present embodiment, the primary water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31 for recovering heat from the dialysis waste liquid is located near the dialysis apparatus 11 (that is, the upstream portion in the waste liquid flow path 15). At a position corresponding to). Thereby, good heat recovery efficiency is obtained.

  Further, in the supply water warming device 13 of the present embodiment, the medium flowing through the primary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31 in which heat is recovered from the dialysis waste liquid is a first refrigerant C1 that is gaseous at normal temperature and pressure. It is. Moreover, the primary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31 is provided in the position away from the heat pump unit 35 from a sanitary viewpoint as mentioned above. Furthermore, the medium flowing through the inside of the heat pump unit 35 is the first refrigerant C1, the second refrigerant C2, and the third refrigerant C3 that are gaseous at normal temperature and pressure. Therefore, even if pitting corrosion or the like occurs inside the primary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31, the tap water flowing through the secondary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33 is contaminated. Is well prevented.

  In the dialysis system 10, the feed water warming device 13 of the present embodiment includes a raw water introduction path 16 on the upstream side in the flow path of tap water relative to the water treatment apparatus 12, and a flow path of dialysis waste liquid from the dialysis apparatus 11. Are provided corresponding to the waste liquid flow path 15 on the downstream side. For this reason, when applying the supply water heating apparatus 13 of this embodiment to the existing dialysis system, it is not necessary to change the internal structure in the existing dialysis system (or the minimum change is sufficient). . Therefore, the supply water warming device 13 of the present embodiment can be easily applied to an existing dialysis system simply by connecting to the tap water introduction path and the dialysis waste liquid drainage path.

  Moreover, in the supply water heating apparatus 13 of this embodiment, the 1st refrigerant | coolant C1 is discharged | emitted from the primary side refrigerant | coolant piping 32 via the service port 356 (specifically, a refrigerant recovery machine is connected to the service port 356). Thereby, the removal and replacement | exchange of the primary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31 are performed easily. Similarly, the secondary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33 can be easily removed or replaced by discharging the second refrigerant C2 from the secondary side refrigerant pipe 34 via the service port 356.

<Modification>
It should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely examples of typical embodiments of the present invention that the applicant has considered to be the best at the time of filing of the present application. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. Therefore, it goes without saying that various modifications can be made to the above-described embodiment within the scope not changing the essential part of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, some typical modifications will be exemplified. In the following description of the modified examples, the same reference numerals as those in the above embodiment can be used for members having the same configuration and function as those described in the above embodiment. And about description of this member, the description in the above-mentioned embodiment shall be used in the range which is not technically consistent. Needless to say, the modifications are not limited to those listed below. In addition, all or a part of the configuration of the above-described embodiment and the plurality of modified examples may be applied in a composite manner as appropriate within a technically consistent range.

  The heat pump unit 35 may be provided with a primary refrigerant reservoir 321, a primary refrigerant delivery pump 322, a check valve 323, and a check valve 341.

  The “supply water” of the present invention is not limited to tap water. That is, for example, the present invention can be suitably applied to the heating of water that has been pretreated before being supplied to the RO membrane (the above-mentioned “treated water”, that is, RO raw water). In addition, the water discharged from the water treatment device 12 (particularly, RO drainage generated during reverse osmosis treatment using an RO membrane) often has a higher temperature than tap water. For this reason, the heat exchanger for performing heat exchange with this RO drainage and tap water may be added separately.

  In the dialysis machine 11, the above-described waste liquid tank (not shown) may be omitted. The dialysis machine 11 may be a personal small machine.

  As described above, when the primary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31 and the heat pump unit 35 are close to each other due to the dialysis machine 11 being a personal small machine, the primary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31 is By disposing at a position higher than the primary refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 351, the primary refrigerant storage unit 321 and the primary refrigerant delivery pump 322 can be omitted. On the other hand, depending on the positional relationship between the secondary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33 and the heat pump unit 35 (secondary side refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 352), a pump for sending refrigerant is provided in the secondary side refrigerant pipe 34. It may be. FIG. 2 shows a configuration corresponding to such a modification.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the position of the secondary-side refrigerant pipe 34 between the secondary-side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 33 and the check valve 341 (that is, the refrigerant passage more than the check valve 341). A secondary refrigerant delivery pump 342 and a secondary refrigerant reservoir 343 may be provided at a position upstream in the flow direction. The secondary refrigerant delivery pump 342 is provided at a position downstream of the secondary refrigerant reservoir 343 in the refrigerant flow direction, and delivers the second refrigerant C2 in the direction toward the check valve 341. . The secondary refrigerant storage unit 343 is provided so as to store the second refrigerant C2 in a liquid state.

  The first refrigerant C1, the second refrigerant C2, and the third refrigerant C3 may be different types of refrigerants. Alternatively, the type of the refrigerant may be different between any one of the first refrigerant C1, the second refrigerant C2, and the third refrigerant C3 and the remaining two. As the refrigerant, carbon dioxide gas or the like can be used in addition to R134a in the specific example described above. However, if water quality management is sufficiently performed, one or both of the first refrigerant C1 and the second refrigerant C2 may be water. In this case, the configuration around the water circulation pipe used instead of the refrigerant can be adjusted as appropriate (for example, with a pump attached).

  FIG. 3 shows a configuration corresponding to such a modification. The modification shown in FIG. 3 shows a case where a first heat medium C1 'that is water is used in place of the first refrigerant C1 in FIGS. In this case, it replaces with the primary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31 in FIG.1 and FIG.2, and the primary side water-heat medium heat exchanger 31 'for exchanging heat with a dialysis waste liquid and 1st heat medium C1'. Is provided. Further, instead of the primary refrigerant pipe 32, a primary heat medium pipe 32 'that is a flow path of the first heat medium C1' that is water is used.

  A first heat medium storage tank 321 ′, a first heat medium delivery pump 322 ′, and a check valve 323 ′ are provided along the flow path of the first heat medium C1 ′ in the primary heat medium pipe 32 ′. Is provided. The first heat medium storage tank 321 ′, the first heat medium delivery pump 322 ′, and the check valve 323 ′ are arranged in the same direction on the downstream side of the heat pump unit 35 in the flow direction of the first heat medium C1 ′. Are arranged in this order.

  The first heat medium storage tank 321 'is connected to one pipe branched from the primary side heat medium pipe 32'. The first heat medium storage tank 321 ′ is a well-known sealed expansion tank (more specifically, a diaphragm expansion tank), and absorbs the volume change accompanying the temperature change of the first heat medium C1 ′ that is water. However, it is comprised so that storage is possible. That is, the first heat medium storage tank 321 ′ exchanges the first heat medium C1 ′ with the primary heat medium pipe 32 ′ in accordance with the volume change of the first heat medium C1 ′ accompanying the temperature change. It is like that.

  The first heat medium delivery pump 322 'is provided to deliver the first heat medium C1' toward the primary side water-heat medium heat exchanger 31 '. The check valve 323 ′ allows the flow of the first heat medium C1 ′ from the first heat medium delivery pump 322 ′ toward the primary water-heat medium heat exchanger 31 ′, while flowing in the opposite direction. Is provided to prevent. Further, the heat pump unit 35 is provided with a primary heat medium-refrigerant heat exchanger 351 ′ for exchanging heat between the first heat medium C <b> 1 ′ and the third refrigerant C <b> 3.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the feed water warming device 13 may be provided with a dialysis waste liquid heat recovery tank 401. The dialysis waste liquid heat recovery tank 401 includes a first tank 401a, a second tank 401b, and a partition plate 401c for partitioning both. The first tank 401 a is provided so that the dialysis waste liquid flows from the waste liquid flow path 15. The second tank 401b is taken out from the first tank 401a by the waste liquid heat recovery pipe 402 and the waste liquid delivery pump 403, and is used in the primary side water-heat medium heat exchanger 31 '(or the primary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 31). The dialysis waste liquid subjected to heat exchange is provided so as to be stored. Moreover, the partition plate 401c is provided so that a part of the dialysis waste liquid overflowing from the upper end portion of the second tank 401b may be returned to the first tank 401a while the remaining portion is discharged to the outside.

  The waste liquid heat recovery pipe 402 forms a flow path (circulation path) for dialysis waste liquid from the first tank 401a in the dialysis waste liquid heat recovery tank 401 to the second tank 401b through the primary water-heat medium heat exchanger 31 ′. It is provided as follows. The waste liquid delivery pump 403 is interposed in the waste liquid heat recovery pipe 402 so that the dialysis waste liquid flows along the dialysis waste liquid flow path.

  Needless to say, the configuration shown in FIG. 3 can also be changed as appropriate. That is, for example, when water is used instead of the second refrigerant C2, an expansion tank similar to the above-described first heat medium storage tank 321 'is used instead of the secondary refrigerant storage unit 343.

  Further, it goes without saying that “brine” is equivalent to “water” at the time of filing of the present application.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Dialysis system, 11 ... Dialysis apparatus, 12 ... Water treatment apparatus, 13 ... Supply water heating apparatus, 14 ... Dialysis water introduction path, 15 ... Waste liquid flow path, 16 ... Raw water introduction path, 17 ... Raw water supply port, 21 ... processing module, 22 ... warmer, 31 ... primary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger, 32 ... primary side refrigerant piping, 321 ... primary refrigerant reservoir, 322 ... primary refrigerant delivery pump, 323 ... check valve, 33 ... Secondary side water-refrigerant heat exchanger, 34 ... secondary side refrigerant piping, 341 ... check valve, 35 ... heat pump unit, 351 ... primary side refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger, 352 ... secondary side refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchange 353 ... Compressor 354 ... Expansion valve 355 ... Intermediate refrigerant piping 356 ... Service port 36 ... Bypass flow path 37 ... Bypass control valve 38 ... Bypass control valve 39 ... Bypass control valve C1 One refrigerant, C2, second refrigerant, 3 ... the third refrigerant.

Claims (4)

A supply water heating device configured to heat supply water supplied toward the dialyzer side,
A primary water-heat medium heat exchanger provided to recover heat from the dialysis waste liquid by heat exchange between the dialysis waste liquid discharged from the dialyzer and the first heat medium;
A secondary water-heat medium heat exchanger provided to heat the supply water by heat exchange between the supply water and a second heat medium that is a gaseous refrigerant at normal temperature and normal pressure;
The first heat medium is connected to the primary side water-heat medium heat exchanger through a primary heat medium pipe that is a circulation pipe through which the first heat medium flows, and is a gas heat medium at normal temperature and normal pressure with the first heat medium. A primary side heat medium-heat medium heat exchanger provided to exchange heat with the third heat medium, and a secondary side heat medium pipe that is a circulation pipe through which the second heat medium flows. The secondary side heat medium-heat is connected to the secondary side water-heat medium heat exchanger via the heat exchanger and is provided to exchange heat between the second heat medium and the third heat medium. A medium heat exchanger, a circulation pipe provided to connect the primary side heat medium-heat medium heat exchanger and the secondary side heat medium-heat medium heat exchanger, wherein the third heat medium is A heat pump provided with a compressor and an expansion valve interposed in a flowing intermediate heat medium pipe;
A feed water warming device comprising:   The supply water warming device according to claim 1, wherein the supply water is raw water supplied to a water treatment device provided on the upstream side of the dialysis device. A primary heat medium storage unit that is interposed in the primary heat medium pipe and provided to store the first heat medium in a liquid state;
A sealless pump interposed in the primary heat medium pipe, the liquid first heat medium stored in the primary heat medium storage unit being directed toward the primary water-heat medium heat exchanger. A primary heat medium delivery pump provided for delivery;
The supply water warming device according to claim 1, further comprising:   The supply water warming device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first heat medium and / or the second heat medium is a gaseous refrigerant at normal temperature and pressure. .

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