JP2014198940A - Bolt untightening machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bolt untightening machine hardly causing positional deviation.SOLUTION: A bolt untightening machine 1 includes a driver tool 2 capable of fastening or loosening a bolt 82, and a conveyance vehicle 3 loading the driver tool 2 and traveling on two rails 80a and 80b. A plurality of wheels always brought into contact with upper surfaces of the two rails to be rotated are arranged on the conveyance vehicle 3, and a wheel 10 with both flanges constituted by an abutment wheel 12b loaded on the rail 80b and a large diameter flange 13a and a small diameter flange 13b arranged on both side surfaces of the abutment wheel 12b is used at least for one of the wheels. An interval between the large diameter flange 13a and the small diameter flange 13b is set to have a slight gap between a side surface of the rail 80b and thereof. Thus, in the bolt untightening machine 1, movement in a direction orthogonal to an extended direction of the rail is regulated, and positional deviation in fastening and loosening work hardly occurs.

Description

  The present invention relates to a bolt unlocking machine that performs fastening work or loosening work of bolts used to fix rails of railway tracks.

  As shown in Patent Document 1, FIG. 2, and FIG. 3, the conventional bolt tightening machines 100 and 100a include a bit 2a that can be engaged with the head of the bolt 82, and the bit 2a can be moved up and down and rotated. The driver tools 2 and 2 are configured, and a transport vehicle 300 (300a) that supports the driver tools 2 and 2 and includes a plurality of wheels. For example, when the four wheels are arranged in the transport vehicle 300 (300a), two of the wheels are loaded on one rail 80a arranged substantially in parallel, while the remaining two wheels are loaded. The wheels are loaded on the other rail 80b. Accordingly, the bolt tensioner 100, 100a is configured to be able to travel in the direction in which the two rails 80a, 80b extend.

  Also, the conventional bolt tensioning machine 100 shown in FIG. 2 includes rotatable contact wheels 53a and 53b that contact the upper surfaces of the rails 80a and 80b. It is comprised by the both-flange wheel 52 by which the collar parts 54 and 54 were distribute | arranged on both sides | surfaces. The both flange wheels 52 are loaded on the rail 80b, while the contact wheels 53a are loaded on the rail 80a. Further, in the both flange wheels 52, the interval between the two flange portions 54, 54 is set larger than the upper width dimension of the rail 80b, and both the inner sides of the two flange portions 54, 54 and the upper portion of the rail 80b. Large gaps are set on both sides.

  On the other hand, the conventional bolt tightening machine 100a shown in FIG. 3 includes single flange wheels 51a and 51b in which all the wheels are provided with the flange portion 54 on one side surface of the contact wheels 53a and 53b. The one-flange wheel 51b is loaded on the rail 80b, is rotatably arranged at the lower portion of the carrier 300a, and is directly fixed to the carrier 300a via a wheel support member 59, while the one-flange wheel 51a. Is configured so as to be always pushed outward of the rail by a floating member 55 having a spring 56. As a result, the flange portions 54, 54 of the two single flange wheels 51a, 51b are in strong contact with the inner side surfaces of the two rails 80a, 80b. For this reason, even if the space | interval of two rails changes, the bolt tensioner 100a can drive | work on the basis of one rail 80b.

  By the way, the rails 80a and 80b are for guiding the transport vehicle 300 (300a) for a longer distance, and are arranged so that the next rails abut in the direction in which the rails extend. A gap is provided at the joint between this rail and the next rail, and adjacent rails are electrically separated by this gap. A conductive member 83 shown in Patent Document 2 is attached to the joint portion by welding or the like to ensure electrical connection between the rails. Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the conductive member 83 is fixed to the upper part of the side surface of the rail 80b, and is fixed to the outside rather than the inside of the two rails arranged substantially in parallel. . As described above, the conductive member 83 is arranged on the outer side of the rail because the conductive member 83 is easily welded, and the disconnection of the conductive member 83 is more visually observed from the outside of the two rails. It is common because each operation or inspection can be performed efficiently such as easy inspection.

Registered Utility Model No. 2522880 Registered Utility Model No. 3179612

  However, in the bolt loosening machine 100 provided with the both flange wheels 52 described above, there is a large gap on both inner sides of the two flange portions 54 and 54 of the both flange wheels 52 and on the side surface of the rail 80b. It moves greatly in the direction orthogonal to the direction. As a result, particularly when the rail itself such as a curve is inclined, the driver tools 2 and 2 are greatly disengaged from the positions where the bolts 82 are fastened or loosened, and so-called work cannot be performed. Further, when the bolt 82 is tightened or loosened, a high torque is generated, so that the reaction vehicle 300 tries to rotate around the axis of the driver tool 2 by the reaction force. In other words, since the bolt disengager 100 tries to swivel by the above-described gap, there is a problem that a so-called positional deviation such as an offset between the axis of the bit 2a and the axis of the bolt 82 increases. Further, in the bolt disassembling machine 100 provided with both flange wheels 52, since the conductive member 83 is fixed to the upper part of the side surface of the rail 80b, the flange portion 54 of both flange wheels 52 interferes with the conductive member 83. However, there is also a problem that the conductive member 83 is damaged.

  On the other hand, the bolt tightening machine 100a provided with the above-described single flange wheels 51a and 51b travels on the rail because the flange portions 54 and 54 are always in strong contact with the inner side surfaces of the two rails 80a and 80b. The resistance is great. As a result, there is a problem that the single flange wheels 51a and 51b are idling and the positional accuracy in the traveling direction is deteriorated, and the driving force of the single flange wheels 51a and 51b is lost due to the resistance, so that the driving efficiency is low. It was. Further, since the single flange wheels 51a and 51b require the floating member 55 that slides smoothly in accordance with the change in the width direction of the rails 80a and 80b, there is a problem that the number of parts is increased in order to constitute this. There was also.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a bolt tensioner capable of traveling on the basis of one rail and reducing the resistance applied to the wheel during traveling. In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a wheel mounted on two rails arranged substantially in parallel, a transport vehicle in which the wheels are rotatably arranged, and a fastening part for fixing the rail. A bit that can be fitted, and a driver tool that is provided with this bit and that provides rotation to the bit and is capable of reciprocating in the direction in which the bit extends, and runs on the rail and stops at a predetermined position. In the bolt disassembling machine capable of fastening or loosening the fastening part, the wheel includes a contact wheel that is always in contact with the upper surface of the rail, and a flange portion that is disposed on both side surfaces of the contact wheel. At least one side wheel is arranged, and the flange portion is arranged with a slight gap between the side surfaces of the two flange portions facing each other so as not to interfere with the side surface of the rail.In addition, it is preferable to comprise the said both-wheels wheel so that it may distribute | arrange only on one rail. Further, the two flange portions arranged on the both side wheels are configured with different diameters, respectively, a large diameter flange having a large diameter, and a small diameter larger than the diameter of the abutting wheel and smaller than the diameter of the large diameter flange. It is preferable to comprise from a flange. Furthermore, the said both wheel may be comprised so that the said contact wheel and the flange part adjacent to this contact wheel may rotate differentially.

  In the bolt tensioning machine 1 of the present invention, a slight gap is set between the flange portion and the rail 80b, and the both wheels 10 are fitted on the upper portion of the rail 80b. It is difficult to move greatly in the orthogonal direction. Thereby, even when the rail itself such as a curve is inclined, the driver tools 2 and 2 can smoothly perform a so-called operation without greatly deviating from the position where the bolt 82 is tightened or loosened. it can. Further, even if the above-described reaction force is generated when the bolt 82 is tightened or loosened, the bolt releasing machine 1 according to the present invention does not pivot as much as in the prior art, so the positions of the bit 2a and the bolt 82 are the same. There is also an advantage that deviation is difficult to occur. Moreover, since the said both sides | wheels wheel 10 is distribute | arranged only to one rail, even if the space | interval of two rails becomes wide or becomes narrow, the bolt disengagement machine 1 of this invention is this space | interval. There is also an advantage of not derailing due to changes in Furthermore, since the diameter of the said small diameter flange 13b is set by the dimension which does not interfere with the said electroconductive member 83, the bolt loosening machine 1 of this invention does not damage the electroconductive member 83 like the past.

  Since the bolt tensioning machine 1 according to the present invention has a slight gap between the flange portion and the rail 80b as described above, the resistance during traveling as applied to the conventional single flange wheels 51a and 51b is set. Are very few. As a result, it is difficult for the both-wheel wheels 10 to run idle, and there is an advantage that the positional accuracy in the traveling direction is improved as compared to the conventional case, and an advantage that the driving efficiency is improved. Further, since the conventional floating member 55 is not necessary, there is an advantage that the number of parts can be remarkably reduced as compared with the conventional case. Further, since the large-diameter flange 13a and the small-diameter flange 13b are configured to be differentially rotated with respect to the rotation of the abutting wheel 12b, the side surface of the large-diameter flange 13a or the small-diameter flange 13b is curved, for example. Even if the side surface of the rail 80b comes into strong contact, the contact wheel 12b can rotate without being affected by this contact. Therefore, the bolt disengagement machine 1 of the present invention also has an advantage that drive efficiency can be further increased.

It is explanatory drawing which shows one Example of the bolt releasing machine which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows one conventional Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows another prior art example.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the bolt tightening machine 1 of the present invention includes a driver tool 2, 2 including a bit 2 a that can be fitted to the head of a bolt 82 that is an example of a fastening part, and the driver tool 2, 2. 2 and a transport vehicle 3 that travels on two rails 80a and 80b.

  The driver tool 2 includes a bit rotation motor (not shown) that applies rotation to the bit 2a, and an elevating unit (not shown) that supports the bit 2a so as to be raised and lowered. The bit rotation motor and the lifting unit are connected to a control device 30 to be described later, and the bit 2a rotates at a predetermined rotation speed and a predetermined torque according to a command from the control device 30. Go up and down at speed. By the way, since the tolerance of the distance between the two bolts 82 arranged side by side is relatively large, a universal joint is arranged between the bit 2a and the bit rotation motor. That is, the universal joint is arranged to make it easy to fit the bit 2a to the bolt 82 having a large tolerance, and the driver tools 2 and 2 are arranged on both sides of the rail 80b. Can be securely fastened or loosened.

  The raising / lowering unit is configured to be able to detect the raising / lowering position of the bit 2a, and is configured to be able to always transmit the information of the detected raising / lowering position to the control device 30. Thereby, the control device 30 can determine whether or not the bit 2a is fitted to the bolt 82 that is fastened at a certain height. Specifically, the raising / lowering position where the bit 2a is fitted to the head of the tightened bolt 82 is set in the control device 30 in advance, and the set raising / lowering position is compared with the raising / lowering position when the bit 2a is lowered. do it.

  The transport vehicle 3 is connected to a wheel that rotates on the rails 80a and 80b, an axle 15 that directly connects the two wheels, an axle rotation motor 20 that rotationally drives the axle 15, and the wheel rotation motor 20. The control device 30 and the driver tools 2 and 2 are provided.

  In the present embodiment, the wheel is composed of a double-wheeled wheel 10 loaded on the rail 80b and a single-wheeled wheel 11 loaded on the rail 80a.

  The both wheel 10 is composed of a contact wheel 12b rotating in contact with the upper surface of the rail 80b, and two flange portions having a larger diameter than the contact wheel 12b, and the contact wheel 12b and The flange portion is integrally formed. Each of the flange portions is disposed on both side surfaces of the abutting wheel 12b, and a slight gap is set on the opposite side surfaces of the two flange portions so as not to touch both side surfaces of the rail 80b. ing. Specifically, a gap of about 3 mm is set. Thereby, the both-wheels wheel 10 can rotate smoothly on the rail 80b by the above-mentioned clearance gap, and can suppress the moving amount | distance to the direction orthogonal to the direction where a rail is extended compared with the past. Therefore, the bolt disengaging machine 1 can increase the driving efficiency of the abutting wheel, and can suppress movement in the direction in which the rail extends and the direction orthogonal to the direction in which the rail extends to a minimum.

  Further, for example, if the universal joint is not arranged between the bit 2a and the bit rotating motor, the bolt 82 is sheared by the bit 2a fitted thereto by the above-described turning. As a result, the bolt 82 is damaged. However, since the above-described slight clearance is set in the bolt tensioning machine 1 of the present invention, even when a high torque such as fastening or loosening of the bolt 82 occurs, the bolt due to the reaction force of the torque The turning angle of the kneading machine 1 can be made smaller than before. Therefore, there is an advantage that the shearing force applied to the bolt 82 can be reduced.

  Note that one of the two flange portions of the both-wheels wheel 10 is set to have a diameter larger than that of the contact wheel 12b and not to interfere with the conductive member 83 disposed on the upper side surface of the rail 80b. You may comprise from the small diameter flange 13b and the large diameter flange 13a comprised by larger diameter than this small diameter flange 13b. Thereby, even if the bolt disengaging machine 1 travels on the rail 80b, the conductive member 83 is not damaged, and the two-wheeled wheel 10 including the large-diameter flange 13a and the small-diameter flange 13b is The rail 80b can be guided so as to cover the rail 80b. The large-diameter flange 13a and the small-diameter flange 13b may each be provided with a bearing so that the rotation of the large-diameter flange 13a and the small-diameter flange 13b does not affect the rotation of the contact wheel 12b. Good. That is, the contact wheel 12b, the large diameter flange 13a, and the small diameter flange 13b are configured to rotate in a differential manner, so that the large diameter flange 13a or the small diameter flange 13b strongly contacts the side surface of the rail 80b. However, the contact wheel 12b does not idle on the rail 80b as in the prior art. Therefore, the bolt disengaging machine 1 according to the present invention has better driving efficiency than the prior art because the driving of the axle rotation motor 20 is reliably transmitted to the abutting wheel 12b.

  The one wheel 11 rotates in contact with the upper surface of the rail 80a, and has a contact wheel 12a wider than the contact wheel 12b, and a flange portion having a diameter larger than the contact wheel 12a. The flange portion is arranged on one side surface of the contact wheel 12a. Further, the contact wheel 12a and the flange portion are integrally formed.

  Further, the both side wheel 10 and the one side wheel 11 are connected to one axle 15, and this axle 15 is configured to rotate by receiving the rotation of the axle rotation motor 20. Although the axle 15 is not shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of axles, for example, two are arranged at a predetermined interval in the rail extending direction, and one axle is provided with the both side wheels 10 and the one side wheel 11. Are arranged, and the one axle wheel 11 is arranged on the other axle. The axle and the contact wheels 12a and 12b are configured to rotate integrally, and are specifically connected by a key (not shown).

  The other axle described above may be a combination of both side wheels 10 and one side wheel 11. In this case, the both side wheels 10, (10) arranged on the two front and rear axles are both. It is loaded on one rail 80b. As a result, the bolt disengager 1 can travel on the basis of one rail 80b. For example, even if the interval between the two rails 80a and 80b is widened or narrowed, it is affected by the change in the interval. Will not cause derailment. Further, the number of the wheels is not limited to four as described above, and it goes without saying that the total number of wheels may be arranged as long as at least one of the both-wheel wheels 10 is provided. Absent.

  Next, the operation of the bolt tensioner 1 of the present application will be described. The control device 30 drives and controls the axle rotation motor 20 by the operation of an operator (not shown) and the both side wheels 10 and the one side wheel 11 rotate at a predetermined speed. At this time, the both-wheels wheel 10 covers the upper part of the rail 80b, and a slight gap is provided between the both-wheels wheel 10 and the rail 80b. Thereby, the bolt disengagement machine 1 does not move greatly in the direction orthogonal to the direction in which the rail extends, the contact wheel 12b can rotate smoothly, and can run on the rail on the basis of one rail 80b.

  Since the control device 30 controls the driving of the axle rotation motor 20 by a preset rotation angle, the both wheel 10 and the one wheel 11 are rotated by a predetermined amount together with the axle 15, and the transport vehicle 3 Stop at a predetermined position. This stop position is a work position where the bit 2a coincides with the bit 2a and the bolt 82 to be worked.

  When this working position is reached, the control device 30 first gives a lowering command to the lifting unit to lower the bit 2a. This lowering stroke is caused by the bit 2a being placed on the head of the bolt 82 that is fastened. It is set to a length sufficient to fit. Here, when fastening the bolt 82 that is lightly screwed into the female screw by about two threads, the lowered bit 2a comes into contact with the head of the bolt 82 before reaching the set stroke.

  Next, the control device 30 gives a rotation command to the bit rotation motor when a predetermined time elapses from the start of lowering of the bit 2a. As a result, the bit 2a is rotated and fitted into the head of the bolt 82, and the bolt 82 is screwed into the female screw. At this time, the bit 2a is lowered so as to continue to be lowered until reaching the aforementioned lowering stroke, and is rotated until reaching a preset tightening torque. When the tightening torque is reached, the control device 30 gives a stop command to the bit rotation motor to stop the rotation of the bit 2a, and gives a lift command to the lifting unit to raise the bit 2a. Thus, the bolt 82 is fastened with a predetermined torque and securely fixes the rail 80b.

  On the other hand, in the case of loosening the bolt 82 that has already been tightened, first, a lowering command is given from the control device 30 to the lifting unit, and the bit 2a starts to descend and hits the head of the bolt 82 that has been tightened. Touch.

  Next, the control device 30 gives a stop signal to stop the lowering operation to the elevating unit when a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of lowering of the bit 2a. As a result, the lowering of the bit 2a is stopped, but the bit 2a is not completely locked to the elevating unit and tries to press the head of the bolt 82 by its own weight. That is, at this time, the bit 2a can be slidably moved in the up-and-down direction. Subsequently, the control device 30 gives a drive command to the bit rotation motor. As a result, the bit 2a rotates and fits into the head of the bolt 82 to loosen the bolt 82.

  The operation at the so-called working position described above is performed after the predetermined time of the descent operation of the rotating operation of the bit 2a, but is not limited to this. Specifically, the rotation operation of the bit 2a is performed simultaneously with the lowering operation of the bit 2a, or the fitting between the bit 2a and the head of the bolt 82 is confirmed by a sensor (not shown) or the like. Needless to say, it may be performed immediately after.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bolt resolver 2 Driver tool 3 Car carrier 10 Double wheel 11 Single wheel 12a Contact wheel 12b Contact wheel 13a Large diameter flange 13b Small diameter flange 15 Axle 20 Axle rotation motor 30 Controller 51a Single flange wheel 51b Single flange Wheel 52 Double-flange wheel 53a Contact wheel 53b Contact wheel 54 Hut 55 Floating member 56 Spring 59 Wheel support member 80a Rail 80b Rail 82 Bolt 83 Conductive member

Claims (4)

A wheel loaded on two rails arranged substantially in parallel, a transport vehicle in which the wheel is rotatably arranged, a bit that can be fitted to a fastening part that fixes the rail, and the bit are provided. A screw tool that can rotate the bit and reciprocate in the direction in which the bit extends, and can travel on the rail and stop at a predetermined position to fasten or loosen the fastening part. In the machine
The wheel is provided with at least one double-wheeled wheel comprising a contact wheel that is always in contact with the upper surface of the rail, and flange portions that are disposed on both side surfaces of the contact wheel,
The bolt tensioner is characterized in that the flange portion is arranged with a slight gap between the side surfaces of the two flange portions facing each other so as not to interfere with the side surface of the rail.   The bolt disengaging machine according to claim 1, wherein the both side wheels are arranged only on one rail.   The two flange portions arranged on the both wheels are composed of a large-diameter flange having a large diameter and a small-diameter flange larger than the diameter of the contact wheel and smaller than the diameter of the large-diameter flange. The bolt tightening machine according to claim 1 or 2.   The said both-wheels wheel was comprised so that the said contact wheel and the flange part adjacent to this contact wheel might be differentially rotated, The Claim 1 thru | or 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Bolt cleaver.

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