JP2014185242A - Heat storage material for soil modification and contaminated soil modification method using the heat storage material for soil modification - Google Patents
Heat storage material for soil modification and contaminated soil modification method using the heat storage material for soil modification Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
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本発明は、油分などで汚染された汚染土壌を改質する際に汚染土壌の温度を保持するための土壌改質用蓄熱材およびこの土壌改質用蓄熱材を用いた汚染土壌の土壌改質方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a soil heat storage material for maintaining the temperature of contaminated soil when the contaminated soil contaminated with oil or the like is modified, and soil modification of contaminated soil using the heat storage material for soil modification. It is about the method.
近年、工場やガソリンスタンドなどの跡地を再利用する際に、跡地の土壌が鉱物油やその他の化学物質に汚染されている場合があり、これら汚染土壌への対策が必要になっている。
そして、このような汚染土壌の浄化方法の１つに、微生物が有する汚染物質の分解能を利用したバイオレメディエーション法があり、さらにその中の工法の１つとして、栄養塩や水分（場合によっては微生物も）を混合した汚染土壌を高さ１ｍ程度の畝に盛り上げ、定期的に撹拌を行うことによって浄化を行うランドファーミング工法があることが知られている。かかるランドファーミング工法は、汚染土壌を取り扱いがしやすい状態にして改質を行う工法であることから、設備が簡素であるとともに低コストである点などにおいて優れた改質方法ということができる。
In recent years, when a site such as a factory or a gas station is reused, the soil in the site is sometimes contaminated with mineral oil or other chemical substances, and countermeasures against these contaminated soils are required.
One of the methods for remediating such contaminated soil is a bioremediation method that utilizes the resolution of pollutants contained in microorganisms. Further, as one of the methods, nutrient salts and moisture (sometimes microorganisms) It is known that there is a land farming method in which the contaminated soil mixed with 1) is piled up to a height of about 1 m and cleaned by periodically stirring. Such a land farming method is a method for reforming in a state in which contaminated soil is easy to handle, and thus can be said to be an excellent reforming method in that the equipment is simple and the cost is low.
一方、ランドファーミング工法に代表されるような微生物を用いたバイオレメディエーション法においては、いずれの工法においても汚染土壌中における微生物の活性を維持させることが重要であり、その要素の１つに汚染土壌の温度が挙げられる。
すなわち、汚染土壌の温度を微生物の活性が維持できる温度に保持することができなければ、如何に微生物の種類に応じた栄養塩を選択し、かかる栄養塩や酸素などの供給量を適正なものにしたとしても、微生物の活性は低下したままとなり汚染土壌の改質は進まないということになる。そして、かかる問題は雨天時や冬期または寒冷地において汚染土壌の改質を行わなければならない際に特に顕著なものとなる。
On the other hand, in the bioremediation method using microorganisms represented by the land farming method, it is important to maintain the activity of microorganisms in the contaminated soil in any method, and one of the elements is the contaminated soil. Temperature.
That is, if the temperature of the contaminated soil cannot be maintained at a temperature at which the activity of microorganisms can be maintained, a nutrient salt corresponding to the type of microorganism is selected and the supply amount of such nutrient salt and oxygen is appropriate. Even if this is done, the activity of the microorganisms will remain lowered, and the modification of the contaminated soil will not proceed. Such a problem becomes particularly prominent when it is necessary to improve contaminated soil in rainy weather, winter, or cold regions.
ここで、微生物の活性維持という観点からは異なるものの、土壌の温度を保持するための方法が各種開発されている。具体的には、土壌中に通電式のフィルム状のヒータを埋設する方法（特許文献１参照）、土壌中にパイプを埋設してかかるパイプに温水や高温空気を供給する方法（特許文献２参照）、土壌に遠赤外線を照射する方法（特許文献３参照）などが開示されている。
しかしながら、これらの方法はいずれもヒータなどの加温装置を要するものであり、また、これらの加温装置を制御する手段も必要となることから、設備が大規模になってしまうという問題がある。
Here, although it is different from the viewpoint of maintaining the activity of microorganisms, various methods for maintaining the temperature of the soil have been developed. Specifically, a method of embedding an energized film heater in the soil (see Patent Document 1), a method of embedding a pipe in the soil and supplying hot water or hot air to the pipe (see Patent Document 2) ), A method of irradiating far-infrared rays to the soil (see Patent Document 3), and the like.
However, each of these methods requires a heating device such as a heater, and also requires a means for controlling these heating devices, resulting in a problem that the facility becomes large-scale. .
そこで、糟糠類を用いた土壌の加温方法が開示されている（特許文献４参照）。この方法は糟糠類を土壌に混合するだけであることから、上記特許文献１〜３に記載の方法のような設備が不要であるというメリットがある。
しかしながら、かかる方法は土壌を加温すること自体は可能であっても、［表１］や［表２］に記載されているように経時的に発熱量が低下してしまうことから、かかる方法を微生物の活性を利用するバイオレメディエーション法において適用する場合には、定期的に糟糠類を汚染土壌に追加しなければならないという問題がある。ここで、このような糟糠類には油分を含むものもあることから、汚染土壌が油分によって汚染されている種類のものである場合には、かかる糟糠類を添加してしまうと汚染土壌中における油分濃度が上昇してしまい、微生物の活性を逆に低下させてしまうという問題もある。
さらに、汚染土壌の温度低下を防止するために糟糠類の混合量を多くしてしまうと汚染土壌の温度が上昇しすぎてしまい、かえって微生物の活性を低下させてしまうという問題もある。
Therefore, a method for heating soil using moss has been disclosed (see Patent Document 4). Since this method only mixes moss with soil, there is a merit that facilities like the methods described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 are unnecessary.
However, even if such a method can heat the soil itself, the calorific value decreases with time as described in [Table 1] and [Table 2]. Is applied in the bioremediation method using the activity of microorganisms, there is a problem that moss must be periodically added to the contaminated soil. Here, some of these moss contain oil, so if the contaminated soil is of a type contaminated with oil, adding such moss in the contaminated soil There is also a problem that the oil concentration is increased and the activity of the microorganism is decreased.
Furthermore, if the amount of moss mixed is increased in order to prevent the temperature of the contaminated soil from decreasing, the temperature of the contaminated soil will increase too much, and the activity of microorganisms may be decreased.
そこで、糟糠類をバイオレメディエーション法に適用することを目的とした汚染土壌の加温方法が開発されている（特許文献５参照）。具体的には糟糠類を含有する発酵助剤を添加するとともに通気量を制御することによって、汚染土壌の温度を１０〜５０℃に保持する汚染土壌の浄化方法が開示されている。 Then, the heating method of the contaminated soil aiming at applying moss to the bioremediation method is developed (refer patent document 5). Specifically, a method for purifying contaminated soil in which the temperature of the contaminated soil is maintained at 10 to 50 ° C. by adding a fermentation aid containing moss and controlling the aeration rate is disclosed.
しかしながら、かかる特許文献５の汚染土壌の浄化方法は、［００３３］や［００３６］に記載されているように、糟糠類による土壌温度の過上昇の防止や汚染土壌の温度の調節を行うための通気量を調整するための制御手段を設けることを特徴とするものである。すなわち、特許文献５の加温方法は、特許文献４に記載した糟糠類を用いる加温方法の長所である特段の設備が不要であるというメリットを潰してしまうものであり、いわば本末転倒なもの（特許文献１〜３に記載の従前の問題点が依然として顕在するもの）となってしまうのである。 However, as described in [0033] and [0036], the method for purifying contaminated soil of Patent Document 5 is for preventing excessive increase in soil temperature due to moss and adjusting the temperature of contaminated soil. A control means for adjusting the air flow rate is provided. In other words, the heating method of Patent Document 5 destroys the merit that special equipment, which is an advantage of the heating method using the moss described in Patent Document 4, is unnecessary. The conventional problems described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 still appear).
また、バイオレメディエーション法においては、改質が終了した際や改質を行っている期間中に気候が変化して温度の保持の必要がなくなった際などには使用している蓄熱材などの添加物を回収しなければならない場合がある。特に、ランドファーミング工法においては、定期的に行う汚染土壌の撹拌を行う必要があることから、蓄熱材など汚染土壌に添加するものについては容易に汚染土壌から回収できるものであることが好ましいのである。
しかしながら、特許文献４および特許文献５の汚染土壌の浄化方法に用いられる発酵助剤はこのような場合に汚染土壌から発酵助剤のみを除去することは困難であるという問題点がある。
In the bioremediation method, when the reforming is completed or when it is no longer necessary to maintain the temperature during the period of reforming, it is necessary to add heat storage materials used. You may have to collect things. In particular, in the land farming method, since it is necessary to stir the contaminated soil periodically, it is preferable that the heat storage material added to the contaminated soil can be easily recovered from the contaminated soil. .
However, the fermentation aid used in the contaminated soil purification methods of Patent Literature 4 and Patent Literature 5 has a problem that it is difficult to remove only the fermentation aid from the contaminated soil in such a case.
本発明は、上記した従来の問題点に鑑みてなされたものであって、蓄熱材料の一部または全部を被覆材で被覆するという特徴を有することによって、冬期や雨天時、または寒冷地においても汚染土壌の温度を保持することができ、さらに汚染土壌の撹拌の際や改質が終了した際などに容易に汚染土壌から除去することができる土壌改質用蓄熱材およびこの土壌改質用蓄熱材を用いた汚染土壌の土壌改質方法の提供を目的とするものである。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and has a feature that a part or all of a heat storage material is covered with a covering material, so that it can be used in winter, rainy weather, or even in a cold region. A heat storage material for soil modification that can maintain the temperature of the contaminated soil and that can be easily removed from the contaminated soil when the contaminated soil is agitated or when the modification is completed, and the heat storage for this soil modification The purpose is to provide a soil improvement method for contaminated soil using wood.
上記目的を達成するために、本発明の請求項１に係る土壌改質用蓄熱材は、液状および／または固体状の蓄熱材料の一部または全部を、金属および／またはプラスチックを用いた被覆材で被覆することで、土壌への適用および土壌からの回収が可能な形態に形成したことを特徴とする。
なお、本発明における「適用」の意は、本発明に係る土壌改質用蓄熱材を汚染土壌に埋設または敷設する形態以外に、汚染土壌中に挿入する形態や、汚染土壌と混合する形態等、汚染土壌と本発明に係る土壌改質用蓄熱材とが接触する各種の形態を総称するものである。
In order to achieve the above object, the soil storage heat storage material according to claim 1 of the present invention is a coating material using metal and / or plastic as a part or all of a liquid and / or solid heat storage material. It is characterized by being formed into a form that can be applied to soil and recovered from soil.
In addition, the meaning of “application” in the present invention is not only the form of embedding or laying the soil reforming heat storage material according to the present invention in the contaminated soil, the form of inserting into the contaminated soil, the form of mixing with the contaminated soil, etc. Various forms of contact between the contaminated soil and the heat storage material for soil modification according to the present invention are generically named.
本発明の請求項２に係る土壌改質用蓄熱材は、土壌改質用蓄熱材の形状が、カプセル状、シームレスカプセル状、棒状、チューブ状、板状、あるいはこれら形状の組合せであることを特徴とする。 In the heat storage material for soil modification according to claim 2 of the present invention, the shape of the heat storage material for soil modification is a capsule shape, a seamless capsule shape, a rod shape, a tube shape, a plate shape, or a combination of these shapes. Features.
本発明の請求項３に係る土壌改質用蓄熱材は、土壌改質用蓄熱材の形状が、立設した複数の、棒状の土壌改質用蓄熱材および／または板状の土壌改質用蓄熱材の上端部間に、別の、棒状の土壌改質用蓄熱材および／または板状の土壌改質用蓄熱材を連結したものであることを特徴とする。 The soil reforming heat storage material according to claim 3 of the present invention is a plurality of rod-shaped soil reforming heat storage materials and / or plate-shaped soil reforming materials in which the shape of the soil reforming heat storage material is erected. It is characterized by connecting another rod-shaped soil reforming heat storage material and / or plate-shaped soil reforming heat storage material between the upper end portions of the heat storage material.
本発明の請求項４に係る土壌改質用蓄熱材は、土壌改質用蓄熱材にフック部を設けたことを特徴とする。 The soil reforming heat storage material according to claim 4 of the present invention is characterized in that a hook portion is provided in the soil modification heat storage material.
本発明の請求項５に係る土壌改質用蓄熱材は、土壌改質用蓄熱材が、磁性を有するものであることを特徴とする。 The soil reforming heat storage material according to claim 5 of the present invention is characterized in that the soil reforming heat storage material has magnetism.
本発明の請求項６に係る汚染土壌の土壌改質方法は、請求項１から５のいずれか一項に記載の土壌改質用蓄熱材を汚染土壌に適用する工程と、定期的に土壌改質用蓄熱材を汚染土壌から回収する工程と、土壌改質用蓄熱材を回収した後の汚染土壌を撹拌する工程と、撹拌後の汚染土壌に土壌改質用蓄熱材を再度適用する工程とを備えることを特徴とする。 A soil reforming method for contaminated soil according to claim 6 of the present invention includes a step of applying the heat storage material for soil reforming according to any one of claims 1 to 5 to the contaminated soil, and periodic soil modification. Recovering the heat storage material for quality from the contaminated soil, stirring the contaminated soil after recovering the heat storage material for soil modification, reapplying the heat storage material for soil modification to the contaminated soil after stirring, and It is characterized by providing.
本発明の請求項７に係る汚染土壌の土壌改質方法は、さらに、汚染土壌の上部を光透過性シートで覆うこと特徴とする。 The soil modification method for contaminated soil according to claim 7 of the present invention is further characterized in that the upper portion of the contaminated soil is covered with a light-transmitting sheet.
本発明に係る土壌改質用蓄熱材およびこの土壌改質用蓄熱材を用いた汚染土壌の土壌改質方法によれば、液状や固体状の蓄熱材料の一部または全部を金属やプラスチックを用いた被覆材で被覆した形態とすることによって、雨天時や気温の低下時などにおいても汚染土壌の温度を保持することができ、微生物の活性を維持することができる。
また、定期的に汚染土壌の撹拌を行う際や改質が終了した際などには、汚染土壌から容易に回収することができ、再利用をすることができる。
また、回収した土壌改質用蓄熱材を加温して再び汚染土壌に適用することもできることから、汚染土壌の温度が低下した場合でも容易に汚染土壌の温度調節を行うことができる。
さらに、従来の糟糠類を利用した蓄熱材を用いた場合に起こる糟糠類の追加投入による汚染土壌中の油分濃度の上昇の問題を解決することができ、微生物の活性を維持し、安定した土壌改質を行うことができる。
According to the soil reforming heat storage material and the soil reforming method for contaminated soil using the soil reforming heat storage material according to the present invention, a part or all of the liquid or solid heat storage material is made of metal or plastic. By adopting the form covered with the covering material, the temperature of the contaminated soil can be maintained even in rainy weather or when the temperature is lowered, and the activity of microorganisms can be maintained.
In addition, when the contaminated soil is periodically agitated or when the reforming is completed, it can be easily recovered from the contaminated soil and reused.
In addition, since the recovered heat storage material for soil modification can be heated and applied again to the contaminated soil, the temperature of the contaminated soil can be easily adjusted even when the temperature of the contaminated soil decreases.
In addition, it can solve the problem of oil concentration increase in contaminated soil due to additional inputs of moss that occurs when using conventional heat storage materials using moss, maintaining the activity of microorganisms, stable soil Modification can be performed.
本発明の請求項２ないし請求項５に係る土壌改質用蓄熱材によれば、土壌改質用蓄熱材を特定の形状としたり、フック部を設けたり、磁性を有する材料で被覆したりすることによって、より汚染土壌からの回収を容易にすることができ、再利用をすることができる。この効果は特に定期的な汚染土壌の撹拌が必要となるランドファーミング工法において顕著なものとなり、より効率的な汚染土壌の温度管理ができることになる。 According to the soil reforming heat storage material according to claims 2 to 5 of the present invention, the soil reforming heat storage material has a specific shape, is provided with a hook portion, or is coated with a magnetic material. Thus, the recovery from the contaminated soil can be facilitated and reused. This effect becomes remarkable especially in the land farming method that requires periodic agitation of the contaminated soil, and the temperature of the contaminated soil can be controlled more efficiently.
本発明の請求項７に係る汚染土壌の土壌改質方法によれば、本発明の土壌改質用蓄熱材を汚染土壌に混合または挿入するとともに汚染土壌の上部を光透過性シートで覆うことによって、汚染土壌が雨風に曝されることを防止することができるとともに、太陽光を用いて土壌改質用蓄熱材の蓄熱を行うことができる。 According to the soil modification method for contaminated soil according to claim 7 of the present invention, by mixing or inserting the heat storage material for soil modification of the present invention into the contaminated soil and covering the upper part of the contaminated soil with a light transmissive sheet. The contaminated soil can be prevented from being exposed to rain and wind, and the heat storage material for soil reforming can be stored using sunlight.
本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。なお、以下に述べる実施形態は本発明を具体化した一例に過ぎず、本発明の技術的範囲を限定するものでない。
図１は本発明に係る土壌改質用蓄熱材の実施形態の一例を示す模式図であり、図２は本発明に係る土壌改質用蓄熱材の実施形態の別の例を示す模式図であり、図３は本発明に係る土壌改質用蓄熱材の実施形態のさらに別の例を示す模式図である
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiment described below is merely an example embodying the present invention, and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an embodiment of a heat storage material for soil reforming according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing another example of an embodiment of a heat storage material for soil reforming according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing still another example of the embodiment of the heat storage material for soil modification according to the present invention.
まず、本発明に係る土壌改質用蓄熱材１は、液状および／または固体状の蓄熱材料２の一部または全部を、金属製および／またはプラスチック製の被覆材３で被覆した構造を基本的な構造としている。従って、このような構造を有しているものであれば、本発明に係る土壌改質用蓄熱材の技術的範囲に属することとなる。そして、このような土壌改質用蓄熱材の例示として、図１〜図３に示すような土壌改質用蓄熱材１ａ〜１ｃが挙げられる。 First, the soil storage heat storage material 1 according to the present invention basically has a structure in which a part or all of a liquid and / or solid heat storage material 2 is covered with a coating material 3 made of metal and / or plastic. It has a simple structure. Therefore, if it has such a structure, it will belong to the technical scope of the heat storage material for soil improvement which concerns on this invention. And as an illustration of such a heat storage material for soil modification, the heat storage materials 1a to 1c for soil modification as shown in FIGS.
具体的には、図１に示す土壌改質用蓄熱材１ａは、蓄熱材料２ａ（本実施形態においてはパラフィン系蓄熱材料）を被覆材３ａ（本実施形態においてはフェライト系ステンレス）でカプセル状またはシームレスカプセル状に被覆した構造となっている。 Specifically, the soil reforming heat storage material 1a shown in FIG. 1 includes a heat storage material 2a (paraffinic heat storage material in the present embodiment) encapsulated with a covering material 3a (ferritic stainless steel in the present embodiment) or The structure is a seamless capsule.
次に、図２に示す土壌改質用蓄熱材１ｂは、図５に示す通り蓄熱材料２ｂ（本実施形態においては塩化カルシウム水和物）を被覆材３ｂ（本実施形態においては黄銅）で棒状に被覆した土壌改質用蓄熱材１ｃを複数本用い、立設した複数の土壌改質用蓄熱材１ｃの上端部間に別の土壌改質用蓄熱材１ｄを連結した構造となっている。また、土壌改質用蓄熱材１ｂは上部にバックホウ等で吊り上げすることができるように上部にフック部４が設けられている構造となっている。 Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the heat storage material 1b for soil reforming shown in FIG. 2 is a rod-shaped heat storage material 2b (calcium chloride hydrate in this embodiment) with a covering material 3b (brass in this embodiment). A plurality of soil reforming heat storage materials 1c covered with a plurality of soil reforming heat storage materials 1c are provided, and another soil reforming heat storage material 1d is connected between the upper ends of the standing soil reforming heat storage materials 1c. Further, the soil reforming heat storage material 1b has a structure in which a hook portion 4 is provided at the upper portion so that the soil reforming heat storage material 1b can be lifted by a backhoe or the like.
さらに、図３に示す土壌改質用蓄熱材１ｅは、立設した複数の土壌改質用蓄熱材１ｃの上端部間に、図２と同様の蓄熱材料２ｂおよび被覆材３ｂを用いて板状に形成した土壌改質用蓄熱材１ｆを連結した構造となっている。また、本実施形態も土壌改質用蓄熱材１ｂと同様に上部にフック部４が設けられている構造となっている。 Furthermore, the soil reforming heat storage material 1e shown in FIG. 3 is plate-shaped using the same heat storage material 2b and covering material 3b as those in FIG. 2 between the upper ends of the plurality of standing soil reforming heat storage materials 1c. It has the structure which connected the heat storage material 1f for soil improvement formed in this. Moreover, this embodiment also has a structure in which the hook portion 4 is provided on the upper portion, like the heat storage material 1b for soil reforming.
なお、図２（図５）および図３に示す土壌改質用蓄熱材１ｂ、１ｅは、棒状の土壌改質用蓄熱材１ｃ、１ｄや板状の土壌改質用蓄熱材１ｆを連結した構造となっているが、これに限定されるものではなく、蓄熱材料２ｂおよび被覆材３ｂを用いて一体成型によって土壌改質用蓄熱材１ｂ、１ｅと同じ外形の土壌改質用蓄熱材とすることもできる。 2 (FIG. 5) and FIG. 3, the soil reforming heat storage materials 1 b and 1 e are connected to rod-shaped soil reforming heat storage materials 1 c and 1 d and plate-shaped soil reforming heat storage materials 1 f. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the soil reforming heat storage material having the same outer shape as the soil reforming heat storage materials 1b and 1e is formed by integral molding using the heat storage material 2b and the covering material 3b. You can also.
次に、本発明に係る土壌改質用蓄熱材の各構成要件およびその他本発明に係る汚染土壌の土壌改質方法に使用される構成要件を説明する。 Next, each structural requirement of the heat storage material for soil reforming according to the present invention and other structural requirements used in the soil reforming method for contaminated soil according to the present invention will be described.
（蓄熱材料）
本発明に用いられる蓄熱材料２は、汚染土壌の温度を一定範囲の温度に保持するための熱源となるものである。ここで、蓄熱材料２は汚染土壌の温度を９〜４０℃に保持することができる材料であれば特に形態を問わず、公知の材料を含めて、液体状、固体状（後記する被覆材によって使用時における支障がないように被覆することができるのであれば気体状）など各種の材料を単独または併用して用いることができる。そして、このような材料の中でも上記の温度域を得やすいことから、塩化カルシウム水和物、硫酸ナトリウム水和物、チオ硫酸ナトリウム水和物、酢酸ナトリウム水和物などの無機水和塩やパラフィンを合成樹脂などに練り込んだパラフィン系蓄熱材料を用いることが好ましい。
(Heat storage material)
The heat storage material 2 used in the present invention is a heat source for maintaining the temperature of the contaminated soil in a certain range. Here, as long as the heat storage material 2 is a material that can maintain the temperature of the contaminated soil at 9 to 40 ° C., the heat storage material 2 is not limited to a particular form, and includes liquid materials and solid materials (including coating materials described later). Various materials such as a gas) can be used singly or in combination as long as they can be coated so as not to hinder the use. And since it is easy to obtain the above temperature range among such materials, inorganic hydrate salts such as calcium chloride hydrate, sodium sulfate hydrate, sodium thiosulfate hydrate, sodium acetate hydrate and paraffin It is preferable to use a paraffin-based heat storage material that is kneaded into a synthetic resin.
（被覆材）
本発明に用いられる被覆材３は、汚染土壌に使用した際の外部要因（風雨や塩害、汚染土壌中の油分、水分、微生物、アルカリ成分、酸性成分など）から蓄熱材料２を保護するためのものである。ここで、被覆材３は蓄熱材料２をこれら外部要因から保護できるものであれば特に材質は問わず、金属やプラスチックなど各種の材料を単独または併用して用いることができる。また、被覆材３は蓄熱材料２が発する熱を効率よく汚染土壌に伝えるものであることが好ましい。そして、このような材料としては、黄銅や白銅などの銅合金が挙げられる。
また、被覆材３に磁性を有する材料を用いれば、汚染土壌からの土壌改質用蓄熱材の回収が容易となることから好適であり、定期的な汚染土壌の撹拌が必要となるランドファーミング工法に使用する場合においては特に好適なものとなる。そしてこのような材料としては、磁性を有しつつ水分による腐食の恐れが低いフェライト系ステンレスやプラスチックに鉄粉を混合した複合材料などが挙げられる。
さらに、被覆の形態についても、上記の外部要因から蓄熱材料２を保護できるものであれば、蓄熱材料２の全部を被覆するのではなく蓄熱材料２の一部のみを被覆するものでもよい。なお、蓄熱材料２自体が上記の外部要因に対する保護性能を有している場合には被覆材３そのものを省略することもできる。
(Coating material)
The covering material 3 used in the present invention protects the heat storage material 2 from external factors (such as wind and rain, salt damage, oil in the contaminated soil, moisture, microorganisms, alkali components, acidic components, etc.) when used on the contaminated soil. Is. Here, the covering material 3 is not particularly limited as long as it can protect the heat storage material 2 from these external factors, and various materials such as metal and plastic can be used alone or in combination. Moreover, it is preferable that the coating | covering material 3 is what conveys the heat | fever which the thermal storage material 2 emits efficiently to contaminated soil. And as such a material, copper alloys, such as brass and white copper, are mentioned.
Further, if a magnetic material is used for the covering material 3, it is preferable because the heat storage material for soil modification from the contaminated soil can be easily recovered, and a land farming method that requires periodic agitation of the contaminated soil is required. It is particularly suitable for use in. Examples of such a material include ferrite-based stainless steel having a magnetism and low risk of corrosion due to moisture, and a composite material in which iron powder is mixed with plastic.
Furthermore, as for the form of coating, as long as the heat storage material 2 can be protected from the above external factors, the heat storage material 2 may not be covered entirely but only a part of the heat storage material 2 may be covered. In addition, when the heat storage material 2 itself has a protection performance against the above external factors, the covering material 3 itself can be omitted.
（形状）
本発明に係る土壌改質用蓄熱材の形状としては、汚染土壌の温度を保持することができれば特に限定されるものではなく、適用する汚染土壌の状態に合わせて図１に示すようなカプセル状またはシームレスカプセル状以外に、棒状、チューブ状、板状、あるいはこれら形状の組合せなど、各種の形状を選択することができる。
また、図２や図３に示すように、棒状や板状の土壌改質用蓄熱材１ｃ、１ｆを組み合わせることによって、いわゆる机状に形成した形状とすることもでき、さらに上部にフック部４を設けることで、後記するように汚染土壌からの土壌改質用蓄熱材の回収を容易なものとすることができる。
(shape)
The shape of the heat storage material for soil modification according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the temperature of the contaminated soil can be maintained, and the capsule shape as shown in FIG. 1 according to the state of the contaminated soil to be applied. In addition to the seamless capsule shape, various shapes such as a rod shape, a tube shape, a plate shape, or a combination of these shapes can be selected.
Moreover, as shown in FIG.2 and FIG.3, it can also be set as the shape formed in what is called a desk shape by combining the heat storage materials 1c and 1f for soil modification | reformation of rod shape or plate shape, and also hook part 4 in the upper part. As described later, it is possible to easily recover the heat storage material for soil modification from the contaminated soil.
（光透過性シート）
本発明に係る汚染土壌の土壌改質方法に使用する光透過性シートは、上記した土壌改質用蓄熱材を汚染土壌に適用した後に、汚染土壌を風雨から保護することによって微生物の活性を維持しつつ、透過した太陽光を汚染土壌に当てることによって汚染土壌の温度低下を防止し、さらに透過した太陽光で土壌改質用蓄熱材の蓄熱を行うために用いられるものである。なお、光透過性シートは、光を透過することができるものであれば材質は特に限定されず、ポリ塩化ビニルやポリエチレンなど各種の材料を用いることができる。また、光透過性シートの厚みも使用時に破損しない程度（０．０４ｍｍ以上）であれば特に限定されないが、耐久性や保湿性などの点から０．２５ｍｍ以上であることが好ましい。
(Light transmissive sheet)
The light-transmitting sheet used in the soil modification method for contaminated soil according to the present invention maintains the activity of microorganisms by applying the above-described heat storage material for soil modification to the contaminated soil and then protecting the contaminated soil from wind and rain. However, it is used for preventing the temperature of the contaminated soil from decreasing by applying the transmitted sunlight to the contaminated soil, and further storing the heat storage material for soil reforming with the transmitted sunlight. The material of the light transmissive sheet is not particularly limited as long as it can transmit light, and various materials such as polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene can be used. Further, the thickness of the light transmissive sheet is not particularly limited as long as it does not break during use (0.04 mm or more), but is preferably 0.25 mm or more from the viewpoint of durability and moisture retention.
次に、上記のように構成された土壌改質用蓄熱材の使用方法（汚染土壌の改質方法）および作用を説明する。なお、以下の使用方法はいずれもランドファーミング工法における使用方法であるが、これに限定されるものではなく各種のバイオレメディエーション法に使用することができる。
図４は図１の土壌改質用蓄熱材を用いた汚染土壌の土壌改質方法を示す断面模式図であり、図５は図３または図４の土壌改質用蓄熱材を用いた汚染土壌の土壌改質方法を示す断面模式図である。
Next, the usage method (contaminated soil reforming method) and action of the soil reforming heat storage material configured as described above will be described. In addition, although the following usage methods are all the usage methods in a land farming method, it is not limited to this but can be used for various bioremediation methods.
4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a soil reforming method for contaminated soil using the soil reforming heat storage material of FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a contaminated soil using the soil reforming heat storage material of FIG. 3 or FIG. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the soil reforming method.
まず、図１に示すカプセル状またはシームレスカプセル状の土壌改質用蓄熱材１ａを用いた汚染土壌の土壌改質方法について説明する。 First, a soil modification method for contaminated soil using the capsule-shaped or seamless capsule-shaped heat storage material 1a for soil modification shown in FIG. 1 will be described.
まず、図４に示すように、栄養塩や水分（場合によっては微生物も、なお栄養塩、水分、微生物については図示せず）と土壌改質用蓄熱材１ａを混合した汚染土壌５を高さ１ｍ程度の畝に盛り上げ、その上を光透過性シート６で覆う。 First, as shown in FIG. 4, the height of the contaminated soil 5 in which the nutrient salt and water (in some cases, microorganisms are still not shown) is mixed with the soil reforming heat storage material 1a. Raise it to a ridge of about 1 m and cover it with a light transmissive sheet 6.
次に、一定の期間後に、光透過性シート６を外して汚染土壌５中の汚染物質の量の分析を行い、目標値に達していない場合には必要に応じて栄養塩や水分（場合によっては微生物）を供給するとともに、バックホウなどを用いて汚染土壌５を撹拌し、汚染土壌５に新鮮な空気などを供給した後、再び光透過性シート６で覆って改質を継続する。
なおこの際、土壌改質用蓄熱材１ａからの放熱量が低下している場合には、汚染土壌から大型磁石を用いて土壌改質用蓄熱材１ａを回収し、太陽光等に曝すことによって蓄熱を行い、再度汚染土壌に適用することもできる。
Next, after a certain period of time, the light-transmitting sheet 6 is removed and the amount of pollutants in the contaminated soil 5 is analyzed. If the target value is not reached, nutrient salts and moisture (if necessary) In addition to supplying microorganisms), the contaminated soil 5 is agitated using a backhoe or the like, fresh air or the like is supplied to the contaminated soil 5, and then covered with the light-transmitting sheet 6 again to continue the modification.
At this time, if the amount of heat released from the soil reforming heat storage material 1a is reduced, the soil reforming heat storage material 1a is recovered from the contaminated soil using a large magnet and exposed to sunlight or the like. It can also store heat and reapply to contaminated soil.
そして、かかる分析および汚染土壌５の撹拌を一定の期間ごとに行い、汚染物質の量が目標値に達したことが確認できた場合には改質が終った土壌から大型磁石を用いて土壌改質用蓄熱材１ａを回収し、その後、かかる土壌を所定の場所に戻すことによって土壌改質を終了する。 Then, the analysis and the agitation of the contaminated soil 5 are performed at regular intervals, and when it is confirmed that the amount of the pollutant has reached the target value, the soil is improved from the soil after the modification using a large magnet. The quality heat storage material 1a is collected, and then the soil reforming is completed by returning the soil to a predetermined place.
次に、図３または図４に示すいわゆる机状の土壌改質用蓄熱材１ｂ、１ｆを用いた汚染土壌の土壌改質方法について説明する。 Next, a soil reforming method for contaminated soil using the so-called desk-shaped soil reforming heat storage materials 1b and 1f shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 will be described.
まず、図５に示すように、栄養塩や水分（場合によっては微生物も、なお栄養塩、水分、微生物については図示せず）を混合した汚染土壌５を高さ１ｍ程度の畝に盛り上げた後、その上から土壌改質用蓄熱材１ｂ、１ｆを挿し込み、さらにその上を光透過性シート６で覆う。 First, as shown in FIG. 5, after the contaminated soil 5 mixed with nutrient salts and moisture (sometimes microorganisms are still not shown for nutrient salts, moisture, microorganisms) is raised to a height of about 1 m. Then, the heat storage materials 1b and 1f for soil modification are inserted from above, and the light-transmissive sheet 6 is further covered thereon.
次に、一定の期間後に、光透過性シート６を外し、さらに土壌改質用蓄熱材１ｂ、１ｆの上部に設けたフック部４にバックホウの爪などを引っ掛けることによって土壌改質用蓄熱材１ｂ、１ｆを汚染土壌５から抜き取る。その後、汚染土壌５中の汚染物質の量の分析を行い、目標値に達していない場合には必要に応じて栄養塩や水分（場合によっては微生物）を供給するとともに、バックホウなどを用いて汚染土壌５を撹拌し、汚染土壌５に新鮮な空気などを供給した後、再び土壌改質用蓄熱材１ｂ、１ｆを挿し込み、光透過性シート６で覆って改質を継続する。
なお、土壌改質用蓄熱材１ｂ、１ｆにおいても、［００３６］の記載と同様に土壌改質用蓄熱材１ｂ、１ｆからの放熱量が低下している場合には、汚染土壌から土壌改質用蓄熱材１ｂ、１ｆを抜き取り、太陽光等に曝すことによって蓄熱を行い、再度汚染土壌に適用することもできる。
さらに、図３または図４に示すいわゆる机状の土壌改質用蓄熱材１ｂ、１ｆについては、図５に示すように汚染土壌中に挿入されずに汚染土壌の外部に出ている部分があり、かかる部分は太陽光の照射を受けることになる。従って、いわゆる机状の土壌改質用蓄熱材１ｂ、１ｆを用いた場合には、汚染土壌に適用した状態で蓄熱も行うことができることになり、上記した太陽光等に曝すことによる蓄熱作業を省くこともできる。特にこの効果は［００２７］に記載したような、一体成型によって作製した机状の土壌改質用蓄熱材において顕著なものとなる。
Next, after a certain period of time, the light transmissive sheet 6 is removed, and the hooks 4 provided on the soil reforming heat storage materials 1b and 1f are hooked with backhoe claws and the like, thereby making the soil reforming heat storage material 1b. 1f is extracted from the contaminated soil 5. After that, the amount of pollutants in the contaminated soil 5 is analyzed, and if the target value is not reached, nutrient salts and moisture (in some cases, microorganisms) are supplied as needed, and contamination using backhoe or the like After the soil 5 is agitated and fresh air or the like is supplied to the contaminated soil 5, the soil reforming heat storage materials 1 b and 1 f are inserted again and covered with the light transmissive sheet 6 to continue the reforming.
In addition, in the soil reforming heat storage materials 1b and 1f, when the amount of heat released from the soil reforming heat storage materials 1b and 1f is reduced in the same manner as described in [0036], the soil reforming is performed from the contaminated soil. Heat storage materials 1b and 1f can be extracted and exposed to sunlight or the like to store heat and be applied again to contaminated soil.
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, the so-called desk-shaped heat storage materials for soil reforming 1 b and 1 f shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 are not inserted into the contaminated soil and have portions that are outside the contaminated soil. This part will receive sunlight. Therefore, in the case of using so-called desk-shaped soil reforming heat storage materials 1b and 1f, heat storage can be performed in a state applied to the contaminated soil, and the above-described heat storage work by exposure to sunlight or the like can be performed. It can be omitted. In particular, this effect is remarkable in a desk-shaped heat storage material for soil reforming produced by integral molding as described in [0027].
そして、かかる分析および汚染土壌５の撹拌を一定の期間ごとに行い、汚染物質の量が目標値に達したことが確認できた場合には、改質が終った土壌から土壌改質用蓄熱材１ｂ、１ｆを抜き取り、その後、かかる土壌を所定の場所に戻すことによって土壌改質を終了する。 And when this analysis and the agitation of the contaminated soil 5 are performed at regular intervals and it is confirmed that the amount of the pollutant has reached the target value, the heat storage material for soil reforming from the soil after the reforming is completed. 1b and 1f are extracted, and then the soil reforming is finished by returning the soil to a predetermined place.
以上の通り、本発明にかかる土壌改質用蓄熱材を用いた汚染土壌の土壌改質方法は、蓄熱材料の一部または全部を被覆材で被覆するという特徴を有していることから、冬期や雨天時、または寒冷地においても汚染土壌の温度を保持することができ、汚染土壌の撹拌の際や改質が終了した際などに容易に汚染土壌から除去することができるという技術的効果を発現することができる。 As described above, the soil reforming method for contaminated soil using the heat storage material for soil reforming according to the present invention has a feature that a part or all of the heat storage material is covered with a coating material. The technical effect is that the temperature of the contaminated soil can be maintained even in rainy weather or in cold regions, and it can be easily removed from the contaminated soil when the contaminated soil is stirred or modified. Can be expressed.
本発明の土壌改質用蓄熱材は、汚染土壌や汚染地下水の改質に用いることができる。 The heat storage material for soil reforming of the present invention can be used for reforming contaminated soil or contaminated groundwater.
１ 土壌改質用蓄熱材
１ａ 土壌改質用蓄熱材
１ｂ 土壌改質用蓄熱材
１ｃ 土壌改質用蓄熱材
１ｄ 土壌改質用蓄熱材
１ｅ 土壌改質用蓄熱材
１ｆ 土壌改質用蓄熱材
２ 蓄熱材料
２ａ 蓄熱材料
２ｂ 蓄熱材料
３ 被覆材
３ａ 被覆材
３ｂ 被覆材
４ フック部
５ 汚染土壌
６ 光透過性シート
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Soil reforming heat storage material 1a Soil reforming heat storage material 1b Soil reforming heat storage material 1c Soil reforming heat storage material 1d Soil reforming heat storage material 1e Soil reforming heat storage material 1f Soil reforming heat storage material 2 Thermal storage material 2a Thermal storage material 2b Thermal storage material 3 Coating material 3a Coating material 3b Coating material 4 Hook part 5 Contaminated soil 6 Light transmissive sheet
Claims (7)
金属および／またはプラスチックを用いた被覆材で被覆することで、
土壌への適用および土壌からの回収が可能な形態に形成したことを特徴とする土壌改質用蓄熱材。 Part or all of the liquid and / or solid heat storage material
By coating with a coating material using metal and / or plastic,
A heat storage material for soil modification characterized by being formed into a form that can be applied to and recovered from soil.
カプセル状、シームレスカプセル状、棒状、チューブ状、板状、あるいはこれら形状の組合せであることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の土壌改質用蓄熱材。 The shape of the heat storage material for soil modification is
The heat storage material for soil reforming according to claim 1, wherein the heat storage material is a capsule shape, a seamless capsule shape, a rod shape, a tube shape, a plate shape, or a combination of these shapes.
立設した複数の、前記棒状の土壌改質用蓄熱材および／または前記板状の土壌改質用蓄熱材の上端部間に、
別の、前記棒状の土壌改質用蓄熱材および／または前記板状の土壌改質用蓄熱材を連結したものであることを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２に記載の土壌改質用蓄熱材。 The shape of the heat storage material for soil modification is
Between the upper ends of a plurality of the above-mentioned rod-shaped soil reforming heat storage materials and / or the plate-shaped soil reforming heat storage materials,
3. The soil reforming material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rod-shaped soil reforming heat storage material and / or the plate-shaped soil reforming heat storage material are connected. Thermal storage material.
磁性を有するものであることを特徴とする請求項１から４のいずれか一項記載の土壌改質用蓄熱材。 The heat storage material for soil modification is
The heat storage material for soil reforming according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the storage material has a magnetism.
定期的に前記土壌改質用蓄熱材を前記汚染土壌から回収する工程と、
前記土壌改質用蓄熱材を回収した後の汚染土壌を撹拌する工程と、
撹拌後の汚染土壌に前記土壌改質用蓄熱材を再度適用する工程とを備えることを特徴とする汚染土壌の土壌改質方法。 Applying the heat storage material for soil modification according to any one of claims 1 to 5 to contaminated soil;
A step of periodically collecting the heat storage material for soil modification from the contaminated soil;
Stirring the contaminated soil after recovering the heat storage material for soil modification;
And a step of re-applying the heat storage material for soil modification to the contaminated soil after stirring.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2018071939A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2018-05-10 | 株式会社デンソー | Latent heat storage body and manufacturing method of latent heat storage body |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01141526A (en) * | 1987-11-26 | 1989-06-02 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Plant culture soil |
| JPH01291727A (en) * | 1988-05-19 | 1989-11-24 | Mitsubishi Kakoki Kaisha Ltd | Culture of plant and culture device therefor |
| JP2010132845A (en) * | 2008-12-08 | 2010-06-17 | Nitto Sangyo Kk | Hybrid heat storage agent, heat storage material using the same, and heat retention and storage system utilizing the same |
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2013
- 2013-03-22 JP JP2013061104A patent/JP6081252B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01141526A (en) * | 1987-11-26 | 1989-06-02 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Plant culture soil |
| JPH01291727A (en) * | 1988-05-19 | 1989-11-24 | Mitsubishi Kakoki Kaisha Ltd | Culture of plant and culture device therefor |
| JP2010132845A (en) * | 2008-12-08 | 2010-06-17 | Nitto Sangyo Kk | Hybrid heat storage agent, heat storage material using the same, and heat retention and storage system utilizing the same |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2018071939A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2018-05-10 | 株式会社デンソー | Latent heat storage body and manufacturing method of latent heat storage body |
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