JP2014156755A - Excavation rod - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rod that secures a predetermined load bearing capacity by enabling excavated soil to be further firmly compacted around a steel pipe pile left behind, when the rod is inversely rotated and extracted.SOLUTION: A rod 1 for excavating the ground includes a hollow rod body 2, and a plurality of blades 81 that are attached with a predetermined inclination to an outer peripheral surface of the rod body 2. In the rod 1, the plurality of blades 81 are arranged to form a virtual spiral blade 82 continuing into the outer peripheral surface of the rod body 2.

Description

  The present invention relates to a drilling rod, and more particularly to a drilling rod for drilling a pile hole when constructing a foundation of a building.

  As a foundation provided in the ground when building a building, there are various types such as a solid foundation, a cloth foundation, and a pile foundation. These are selected according to various conditions such as the type of building, ground conditions, and necessary costs, but pile foundations should be used in areas where the soft surface soil is relatively deep. There are many. And as a pile used for a pile foundation, there are a steel pipe pile and a concrete pile, and as for the installation method, there are many examples in which the rotary press-in method is used in the former and the on-site placement method is used in the latter.

  Of these, in the rotary press-in method for steel pipe piles, fins (wings) should be attached to the ground side end of the steel pipe piles in order to facilitate press-fitting by rotation during construction and to increase the support capacity of the ground after construction. Is known as an effective means. This is because during construction, the rotational force of the rotary motor becomes a propulsive force by the fins, and after construction, the ground support force is received not only by the main body of the steel pipe pile but also by the fins. As a result, the construction period can be shortened and the number of piles can be reduced, which is a useful means for cost reduction.

  However, in the range where a predetermined support force can be obtained after construction, when using steel pipe piles as thin as possible to reduce costs, the rotary press-in method receives a reaction force from the ground. If a steel pipe pile with a diameter less than a certain value is used, depending on the condition of the ground, distortion may occur due to the rotational force of the rotary motor and the reaction force from the ground, and in the worst case, the pipe may be broken. In order to solve such a situation, the present inventors have provided a fin detachably on the rod side, and after excavation, a steel pipe pile with a small diameter is inserted into the rod and engaged with the fin in the ground. There is a history of proposing a means for collecting rods with finned steel pipe piles.

  In this proposal, for example, a spiral wing that is continuous from the fins is provided on the outer periphery of the rod to improve efficiency during excavation, and after the finned steel pipe pile is formed, When pulling out, the earth and sand excavated around the steel pipe piles are compacted to increase the support capacity of the steel pipe piles. However, depending on conditions such as the geology of the excavation site, it has been found that the excavated earth and sand may not necessarily be sufficiently compacted, and the present inventor has been eagerly working on the improvement. As described below, it has been found that a corresponding effect can be obtained by providing a predetermined notch in the spiral blade provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rod.

  By the way, about a steel pipe pile, as shown to Fig.15 (a) and (b), for example in Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 11-140869 (patent document 1), (1) Large ground supporting force is utilized using a wing | blade. To be obtained, (2) the labor and cost of attaching the wing to the steel pipe can be reduced, (3) the bending moment transmitted from the wing does not cause excessive stress to the steel pipe pile, and (4) to a solid ground There is disclosed a winged screw-type steel pipe pile for the purpose of embedding a steel pipe pile by screwing. As shown in FIG. 15, this steel pipe pile is an imaginary surface of the outer peripheral surface of the steel pipe 2 constituting the steel pipe pile 1 in the steel pipe pile 1 buried in the ground by screwing using a blade attached to the outer peripheral surface of the steel pipe 2. A plurality of steel blades 10a and 10b are attached along the spiral 3 at a predetermined interval. In addition, the code | symbol attached | subjected to each element in this paragraph and FIG. 15 is what was described in FIG.1 and FIG.16 of patent document 1, and is only this paragraph in this specification.

  However, as described above, the invention described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-140869 (Patent Document 1) relates to a steel pipe pile instead of a rod, and relates to a spiral blade provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rod according to the present invention. is not. That is, the steel pipe pile is left in the ground after the excavation of the ground and supports the upper structure, whereas the rod is pulled out to the ground after the excavation of the ground. Therefore, it is still desired to improve the spiral blade for effectively compacting the earth and sand around the steel pipe pile when the rod is reversely rotated and pulled out.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and when the rod is reversely rotated and pulled out, the excavated soil can be more firmly compacted around the remaining steel pipe pile. An object is to provide a rod that secures a supporting force.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides the following rods.
(1) A rod for excavating the ground, comprising a hollow rod main body and a plurality of blades attached to the outer peripheral surface of the rod main body with a predetermined inclination, and the plurality of blades on the outer peripheral surface of the rod main body Provided is a rod characterized in that it is arranged to form a continuous virtual spiral wing.

(2) The rod according to (1) above, wherein the front blade is pivotally supported by a hinge so as to be folded upward or downward.

(3) The rod body is provided on the inner side of the first end, and has a male part having a connecting pin biased in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rod body, and the opposite side of the first end A rod portion provided inside the second end portion, and having a female portion having an insertion hole for the connecting pin, and engaging the connecting pin with the insertion hole by fitting the male portion and the female portion. Are connected to each other, and the rod according to (1) or (2) is provided.

(4) Furthermore, the 1st fin arrange | positioned in the predetermined position of the 1st or 2nd end part located in the ground side of a rod main body, and the 1st or 2nd end located in the ground side of a rod main body And a second fin detachably engaged with the bottom surface of the portion so as to cover the opening, and at least one hook mechanism for detachably engaging the second fin with the rod body. The rod according to any one of (1) to (3) above is provided.

(5) The rod according to (4) above, wherein the first fin is attached to the rod body so as to be foldable upward or downward via a hinge.

  According to the present invention, when a rod is reversely rotated and pulled out, the excavated soil can be more firmly compacted around the remaining steel pipe pile, and a rod that secures a predetermined supporting force is provided. Can do.

It is a front view of the rod used for the 1st Embodiment of the present invention. (A) has a substantially rectangular blade, and (b) has a substantially half-moon shaped blade. It is a front view of the rod used for the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. (A) has a substantially rectangular blade, and (b) has a substantially half-moon shaped blade. It is a front view which shows the state in which the rod used for the 3rd Embodiment of this invention is connected. It is a front view of the rod used for the 4th Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a first example in which the hook mechanism is provided at the lower surface of the first fin, and (b) is a second example in which the hook mechanism is provided extending from the inside of the rod body to the outside. Show. It is an expansion perspective view of the front-end | tip of the rod used for the 4th Embodiment of this invention. (A) and (b) show a first example in which the hook mechanism is provided at the lower surface of the first fin, and (c) and (d) show that the hook mechanism extends from the inside of the rod body to the outside. The 2nd example provided is shown. (A) And (c) is a figure before each hook mechanism is cancelled | released, (b) And (d) is a figure which shows the state after each hook mechanism is cancelled | released. It is a method of installing a steel pipe pile with a fin using the rod which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: It is sectional drawing which shows the aspect which the blade | wing of a fin and a rod opens and closes downward. (A) is a figure which shows the state which rotationally press-fitted the rod to the predetermined position, (b) is a figure which shows the state which reversely rotates the rod and is pulling out. It is a method of installing a finned steel pipe pile using the rod which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: It is sectional drawing which shows the aspect which the blade | wing of a fin and a rod opens and closes upwards. (A) is a figure which shows the state which rotationally press-fitted the rod to the predetermined position, (b) is a figure which shows the state which reversely rotates the rod and is pulling out. It is a front view of the rod used for the 3rd example of the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the method of installing the steel pipe pile with a fin using the rod which concerns on the 4th example of the 4th Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: (a) is a figure which shows the state under excavation, (b) It is a figure which shows the state which reversely rotates the rod and is drawing out. It is a perspective view of the 2nd fin which concerns on the 4th example of the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the method of installing the steel pipe pile with a fin using the rod which concerns on the 5th example of the 4th Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the state under excavation. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the method of installing the steel pipe pile with a fin using the rod which concerns on the 6th example of the 4th Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the state under excavation. It is a figure which shows the state which has extracted the 2nd fin using the rod which concerns on the 7th example of the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the 2nd fin concerning the 4th thru / or 6th embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows an example of a prior art.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

1. First Embodiment FIGS. 1A and 1B show a first embodiment according to the present invention. The rod 1 includes a hollow rod body 2 and a plurality of blades 81 attached to the outer peripheral surface of the rod body with a predetermined inclination. The plurality of blades 81 are arranged so that a virtual spiral blade 82 continuous with the outer peripheral surface of the rod body 2 is formed when they are connected. Here, the blade | wing 81 is being fixed to the rod main body 2, and can be made into arbitrary shapes according to the soil condition of the ground of excavation object, the manufacturing conditions of the rod 1, etc. FIG. For example, a substantially rectangular shape as shown in FIG. 1A or a substantially half-moon shape as shown in FIG. Although not shown in the figure, it may be a substantially fan-shaped part with a notch. Further, the inclination to which the blades are attached is not particularly limited. The slope can be arbitrarily set according to the soil quality of the ground to be excavated, the manufacturing conditions of the rod 1, and the like.

  Furthermore, various modifications are possible for the interval at which the plurality of blades 81 are attached. In FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, each blade 81 is formed by cutting out a virtual spiral blade 82 along a longitudinal direction of the rod body 2 at a certain location for each turn. On the other hand, you may make it shift the notch location for every round, for example.

  The plurality of blades 81 form a continuous virtual spiral wing 82, but the pitch in the longitudinal direction may be arbitrarily set. 1A and 1B show a case where the pitch in the longitudinal direction of the spiral wing is uniform over the entire length of the rod body 2, it is not necessary to be limited to this, and it may be non-uniform. . For example, a relatively dense section and a relatively sparse section may be mixed, and the direction from the first end 2a to the second end 2b may be mixed. In addition, the pitch may change from sparse to dense.

  A virtual three-dimensional shape formed by connecting the outer peripheral edge of the virtual spiral wing 82 in the longitudinal direction of the rod body 2 can be selected according to conditions such as the ground using the rod 1. 1A and 1B show a case where the virtual three-dimensional shape forms a cylinder. For example, the linear distance from the rod body 2 to the outer peripheral edge of the virtual spiral blade 82 is gradually increased. By changing the shape, a cone may be formed.

  As described above, by having the plurality of blades 81 formed by cutting out the virtual spiral blade 82, when inserting the rod 1 into the ground while rotating forward, the plurality of blades 81 excavate the earth and sand. Is smoothly performed, and at the time of reverse rotation, the earth and sand excavated from the space provided between the blades 81 falls into the ground, and the earth and sand is scraped to the ground. can do. In the case of the continuous spiral blade 82, the area of the spiral blade to which the excavated earth and sand adhere is large, or the excavated earth and sand is sandwiched between the adjacent spiral blades at a pitch. A considerable amount of excavated earth and sand is scraped to the ground as the rod 1 is pulled out, but the rod 1 according to the first embodiment can alleviate such a problem.

2. Second Embodiment Next, a second embodiment will be described with a focus on differences from the first embodiment based on FIG. In FIG. 2, a plurality of blades 81 are attached to the outer peripheral surface of the rod body 2 via hinges 83. The hinge 83 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface so that the blade 81 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the rod body 2 with a predetermined inclination. And the opening degree is what is called a half-opening, and the blade | wing 81 is a plane along the inclination axis | shaft, and a plane orthogonal to the plane, either 1st edge part 2a or 2nd edge part 2b. It is pivotally supported so that it can be folded freely between the two sides (the underground side when excavating the ground).

  The direction in which the blades 81 are folded may be upward or downward. Either can be adopted according to the geological structure of the excavation site. For example, when the blade 81 is attached so that it can be folded upward, when the rod body 2 is reversely rotated and pulled out after the excavation, the blade 81 is in an open state, and the excavated earth and sand are compacted in the ground. Can contribute. In this case, at the time of excavation, the blades 81 are folded upward due to the pressure of the earth and sand. On the other hand, when the blades 81 are attached so as to be foldable downward, the blades 81 are opened when the rod 1 is inserted into the ground, contributing to excavation of the ground. In this case, when the blade 81 is pulled out while being excavated and rotating the rod 1 in the reverse direction, the blade 81 is released from the pressure of the ground and is folded downward. Thereby, it is reduced that the excavated soil adheres to the blades 81 and is scraped to the ground.

3. Third Embodiment Next, a third embodiment will be described with a focus on differences from the first embodiment based on FIG. In FIG. 3, the rod main body 2 includes a male portion 23 having a connecting pin 23 a biased in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the rod main body 2 inside the first end 2 a, and the first end 2 a. And a female portion 24 having an insertion hole 24b for the connecting pin 23a inside the second end portion 2b on the opposite side. By fitting the male part 23 of another rod body into the female part 24 of a certain rod body 2 and engaging the connecting pin 23a with the insertion hole 24b, the rod bodies 2 are connected to each other.

  The connecting pin 23 a is urged outward in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the rod body 2 by an urging member (not shown), and within the range of the outer edge of the female portion 24, that is, the outer edge of the rod body 2. It is formed so as to be locked where it protrudes from the portion 23. When the male part 23 is fitted to the female part 24, the connecting pin 23a is pushed inward by the outer edge of the female part 24, and when the connecting pin 23a reaches the position of the insertion hole 24b provided in the female part 24, the connecting pin 23a is moved outward by the biasing member. The protrusion returns and engages with the insertion hole 24b.

  By configuring in this way, the length of the rod 1 is adjusted according to the depth by inserting the next rod body 2 into the ground even when a certain rod body 2 exists in the ground. can do.

4). 4th Embodiment The form at the time of attaching the various fins for excavating the ground to the rod 1 which concerns on the above-mentioned 1st thru | or 3rd embodiment is demonstrated hereafter.

(First example and second example)
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the rod 1 according to the fourth embodiment is fixed to the rod body 2 that is a hollow tube and the outer periphery of the ground side end of the rod body 2. The fin 3, the second fin 4 detachably engaged with the bottom surface of the ground side end of the rod body so as to cover the opening, and the second fin 4 are detachably engaged with the rod body 2. And at least one hook mechanism 5. Although details of the hook mechanism 5 will be described later, FIG. 4A and FIGS. 5A and 5B are diagrams showing a first example in which the hook mechanism 5 is provided at the lower surface of the first fin 3. 4 (b) and FIGS. 5 (c) and (d) show a second example in which the hook mechanism 5 is provided to extend from the inside of the rod body 2 to the outside. In FIGS. 4A and 5A and 5B, only the near side where the hook mechanism 5 can be seen is shown in order to avoid complexity, but the first fin 3 on the opposite side is also shown. A similar hook mechanism 5 is provided in pairs. In addition, as the plurality of blades 81 forming the virtual spiral wing 82, a blade having a substantially rectangular shape and attached to the outer peripheral surface of the rod main body 2 via a hinge 83 is illustrated here. However, it is not meant to be limited to this type. What fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rod main body 2, a half-moon shape, or a fan shape may be sufficient. This is the same in that each of the third to eighth examples described later is not limited to the illustrated one.

  Here, the rod body 2 has a cylindrical shape, but the cross section of the rod body 2 is not limited to a circle as long as it has a hollow cylindrical shape. For example, it may be a rounded square. The material forming the rod body 2 may be made of metal (for example, steel) or vinyl chloride. The strength of the vinyl chloride rod body 2 is slightly lower than the strength of the rod body 2 made of, for example, a steel pipe, but a material suitable for the ground conditions at the construction site may be selected.

  In the first fin 3, two substantially fan-shaped wing-like portions 31 and 32 are arranged symmetrically around the rod body 2 at a predetermined angle on the outer periphery of the ground side end of the rod body 2. The shape of the 1st fin 3 is not limited to this, For example, you may provide the ring-shaped thing of 1 leaf in a spiral. Furthermore, you may provide over several steps up and down. The material forming the first fin 3 may be made of metal (for example, steel) or vinyl chloride, and an appropriate material may be selected in consideration of the material of the rod body 2. Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the first fin 3 may be foldably attached to the outer periphery of the ground side end of the rod body 2 via a hinge 35 (FIG. ) And FIG. 5 (a) and (b)) may be fixed (see FIG. 4 (b) and FIG. 5 (c) and (d)). A more suitable mode can be adopted depending on the condition of the excavated ground. However, when it is foldable, it cooperates with the foldable blade 81 provided around the rod body 2 described above. It is possible to obtain a more favorable effect depending on the geological conditions of the excavation site. The direction in which the first fin 3 is folded may be upward or downward. Either can be adopted according to the geological structure of the excavation site. For example, when the first fin 3 is attached so that it can be folded upward, when the rod body 2 is reversely rotated after being excavated and pulled out, the first fin 3 is in an open state, and the excavated earth and sand are removed. Contribute to compaction in the ground. In this case, at the time of excavation, the 1st fin 3 receives the pressure of earth and sand, and will be in the state folded up. On the other hand, when the first fin 3 is attached so as to be foldable downward, the first fin 3 is opened when the rod 1 is inserted into the ground, contributing to excavation of the ground. In this case, when the first fin 3 is excavated and pulled out while rotating the rod 1 in the reverse direction, the first fin 3 is released from the pressure of the ground and is folded downward. Thereby, it is reduced that the excavated soil adheres to the blades 81 and is scraped to the ground. The first fin 3 via the hinge 35 is shown in FIGS. 4A and 5A and 5B according to the first example, and FIGS. 4B and 5 according to the second example. Although not shown in (c) and (d), this is intended to show that various modes are possible, and is not intended to limit the mode shown in the drawings. In this respect, the first fins 3, 3 ′, 33 in the third to eighth examples described later are described with reference to the drawings, but these are also attached via hinges 35. Of course we can adopt things.

  The second fin 4 includes a central portion 41 that forms a substantially square shape that contacts the bottom surface of the ground side end of the rod body 2 and covers the opening, and four pieces that extend outward from each of the four sides of the central portion 41. The wing-like part 42 is comprised. A substantially triangular projecting portion 43 projects from the center of the surface of the central portion 41 on the rod body side. As will be described later, the protrusion 43 serves as a guide when inserting the steel pipe pile 6 having a small diameter into the rod body 2.

  Each of the four wings 42 is alternately bent upward and downward with respect to the central part 41. However, in more detail, the first wings 42a are first upward with respect to the central part 41. The second wing-like portion 42b adjacent to the wing-like portion 42a is downward with respect to the central portion 41, the third wing-like portion 42c opposite to the second wing-like portion 42b is upward with respect to the central portion 41, and the third The fourth wing-like portion 42d facing the wing-like portion 42c is bent downward with respect to the central portion 41, respectively. In other words, the wings 42 located diagonally are in the same direction, that is, the first and third wings 42a, 42c are both upward with respect to the central part 41, the second and fourth wings 42b, Both 42 d are bent downward with respect to the central portion 41.

  According to experiments conducted by the inventors, the angle at which the wing-like portion 42 bends with respect to the central portion 41 is preferably within a range of 15 degrees to 45 degrees, and preferably within a range of 15 degrees to 30 degrees. More preferred. Note that the shape of the second fin 4 is not limited to the shape described here. For example, the central portion 41 may have any shape as long as the opening of the rod body 2 can be covered even if the central portion 41 is not square. There is no problem. The wing-shaped portion 42 may not be a shape obtained by bending a rectangle obliquely, but may be a fan shape or a ring shape, and the number of wing-shaped portions can be appropriately determined. The material forming the second fin 4 may be made of metal (for example, steel) or vinyl chloride, and an appropriate material may be selected in consideration of the material of the rod body 2.

  The hook mechanism 5 is for detachably engaging the rod body 2 and the second fin 4, and as described above, two examples are described here. That is, FIGS. 5A and 5B show a first example in which the hook mechanism 5 is provided at the lower surface of the first fin 3, and FIGS. The 2nd example extended from the inside of the rod main body 2 to the exterior is shown.

  In the first example, the hook mechanism 5 is composed of a base part 55 attached to the lower surface of the first fin 3 and a claw part 56 provided at the tip of the base part 55 and engaging the second fin 4. Has been. When the rod 1 is rotationally press-fitted into the ground by the rotational press-fitting method, the claw portion 56 automatically engages with the second fin 4 by the forward rotation, and the rod 1 is pulled out to the ground so that it rotates backward. In this case, the claw portion 56 is automatically detached from the second fin 4.

  On the other hand, in the second example, a joint is formed between the first arm portion 51 that is pivotally supported by the fulcrum 54 inside the rod body 2 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction, and the end portion 51a outside the first arm portion. A second arm portion 52 that is coupled and extends to the outside of the rod body, and a claw portion 53 that is provided at the tip of the second arm portion and engages with the second fin are configured. When the rod 1 is rotationally press-fitted into the ground by the rotational press-fitting method, and when the rod 1 is reversely rotated and pulled out for some reason, the second fin 4 engaged by the hook mechanism 5 is a rod. It will rotate with the main body 2 in the same direction.

  In the second example, the inner end portion 51b of the first arm portion 51 is guided when the steel pipe pile 6 having a small diameter is guided by the protruding portion 43 protruding from the central portion 41 of the second fin 4. The circumferential portion of the steel pipe pile 6 is positioned so as to contact. Therefore, when the rod 1 reaches a predetermined position in the ground and the steel pipe pile 6 is inserted into the hollow portion of the rod body 2, the circumferential portion of the steel pipe pile 6 is the end 51 b on the inner side of the first arm portion 51. , The second arm portion 52 is lifted, and the claw portion 53 is detached from the second fin 4.

  Here, an example in which there are two hook mechanisms 5 in both the first example and the second example is shown, but the hook mechanism 5 is set to 1 in consideration of the ground condition, the shape of the second fin 4 and the like. It is good also as one or three or more.

  Next, a method of installing a finned steel pipe pile using the finned rod 1 according to the present embodiment and improving the ground will be described.

  First, the rod 1 having the first fin 3 attached or fixed to the outer periphery of the ground side end of the rod body 2 via a hinge 35 is prepared. In fixing, a method such as welding can be appropriately selected according to the materials of the rod body 2 and the first fin 3.

  Next, the second fin 4 is brought into contact with the bottom surface of the ground side end portion of the rod body 2 so that the central portion 41 covers the opening of the rod body 2. Then, the claw portion 53 of the hook mechanism 5 is engaged with the wing-like portion 42 of the second fin 4.

  Next, the pile head of the rod 1 is connected to a rotary press-fitting device B (not shown) mounted on the heavy machine A (not shown). This is the preparatory action.

  Based on the above configuration and preparation, the finned steel pipe pile is installed using the finned rod by the following method. The case where the hook mechanism 5 is the second example will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. 6 and 7, unlike FIGS. 4 and 5, a second example is shown in which both the blade 81 and the first fin 3 are attached to the rod body 2 via hinges 83 and 35, respectively. Yes. Here, FIG. 6 shows a case where the first fins 3 and the blades 81 are provided so as to be foldable in the upward direction, and FIG. 7 shows a case where they are provided in the downwardly folding effect. First, FIG. 6 will be described. The rod main body 2 which is a hollow tube, the first fin 3 attached via a hinge 35 to a predetermined position of the ground side end of the rod main body 2, and the bottom surface of the ground side end of the rod main body 2 The rod 1 is provided with a second fin 4 detachably engaged so as to cover the opening, and at least one hook mechanism 5 for detachably engaging the second fin 4 with the rod body 2. Rotate and press fit inside (step (a)). The state at this time is shown in FIG. At the time of screwing, since the bottom surface of the ground side end portion of the rod body 2 is covered by the central portion 41 of the second fin 4, earth and sand hardly penetrate into the hollow portion of the rod body 2. At this time, since the plurality of blades 81 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rod body 2 with the virtual spiral blade 82 cut out, the excavation is performed in order to rotate forward while cutting the earth and sand to be excavated. Can be done effectively. In this respect, the blade 81 opens upward by the pressure of earth and sand from the lower side, not only when the blade 81 is fixedly provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rod body 2 but also when supported by the hinge 83. When the opening limit of 83 is reached, a predetermined inclination is maintained, and excavation can be effectively advanced.

  Then, after reaching the predetermined position and stopping the rotary press-fitting, the steel pipe pile 6 is inserted from the opening at the end of the ground side of the rod main body 2 and the rod of the second fin 4 is brought into contact with the second fin 4. Projecting at the center of the surface on the main body side and inserting into the protruding portion 43 penetrating into the rod main body (step (b)). The steel pipe pile is not particularly limited as long as it has a diameter that can be inserted into a rod and can maintain the strength after construction. For example, a single pipe can be used as a suitable example. Then, in the process of step (b), the steel pipe pile 6 releases the hook mechanism 5 to release the second fin 4 from the rod body 2 (step (c)).

  Next, with the second fin 4 and the steel pipe pile 6 in contact therewith remaining, the rod body 2 is pulled out while rotating in the reverse direction (step (d)). In the process of step (d), earth and sand are backfilled in the space between the rod body 2 and the steel pipe pile 6 (step (e)). The state at this time is shown in FIG. The drawn rod 1 can be reused. At this time, since the plurality of blades 81 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rod body 2 in a state where the virtual spiral blades 82 are notched, the excavated earth and sand are moved downward from the space between the blades 81. Since it rotates backward while being dropped, the amount of earth and sand discharged to the ground can be reduced. Further, the blade 81 is pivotally supported by a hinge 83. In this process, the blade 81 is released from the pressure from the earth and sand and is folded downward by its own weight, so that a further effect can be exhibited. Furthermore, since the first fin 3 is similarly folded downward by its own weight, the excavated earth and sand easily fall into the ground.

  Here, the process of releasing the hook mechanism 5 is as follows. In the process in which the steel pipe pile 6 is inserted into the projecting portion 43, the inner end portion 51 b of the first arm portion 51 positioned in the vicinity of the projecting portion 43 is pushed into the second arm portion by the circumferential portion. 52 is lifted and the claw portion 53 is detached from the second fin 4.

  In FIG. 6, the case where the hook mechanism 5 is the above-described second example is illustrated, but also in the case of the first example, a specific configuration related to the engagement and disengagement between the hook mechanism 5 and the second fin 4 is described. Except for this, the state in which the rod 1 is rotationally press-fitted and pulled out is the same. That is, when the hook mechanism 5 is the first example, the claw portion 56 is automatically detached from the second fin 4 by the reverse rotation of the rod body 2 and the hook mechanism 5 is released. Then, the second fin 4 is released from the rod body 2 (step (c)).

  Thereby, the 2nd fin 4 left in the ground and the steel pipe pile 6 of the small diameter contact | abutted to it act as a steel pipe pile with a fin.

  Next, FIG. 7 will be described. FIG. 7 shows a case where the first fin 3 and the blade 81 are provided so as to be foldable upward as described above. In this case, as shown in FIG. 7A, when the rod body 2 rotates forward and enters the soil, both the first fin 3 and the blade 81 receive the pressure of the earth and sand and move upward. Folded (step (a)). Therefore, excavation of earth and sand is performed by the second fin 4. Then, after reaching the predetermined position and stopping the rotary press-fitting, the steel pipe pile 6 is inserted from the opening at the end of the ground side of the rod main body 2 and the rod of the second fin 4 is brought into contact with the second fin 4. The steel pipe pile 6 releases the hook mechanism 5 so that the second fin 4 is inserted into the rod by inserting it into the projecting portion 43 protruding from the center of the main body side surface and penetrating into the inside of the rod main body (step (b)). The rod body 2 is released (step (d)) while being released from the body 2 (step (c)), while leaving the second fin 4 and the steel pipe pile 6 in contact therewith remaining. FIG.7 (b) shows the state at the time of backfilling earth and sand (step (e)) in the space between the rod main body 2 and the steel pipe pile 6 in the process of this step (d).

  As shown in FIG. 7B, in this case, when the rod body 2 is rotated backward and pulled out, both the first fin 3 and the blades 81 provided on the outer periphery of the rod body 2 are opened. It becomes a state. In the soil, there is excavated earth and sand around the rod body 2, but the excavated earth and sand are pressed downward by the action of the first fin 3 and the blades 81 in the open state, The remaining second fins 4 and steel pipe piles 6 will be compacted. Even if the geology at the excavation site is relatively low in supporting force, the supporting force can be improved by such means.

(Third example)
In the above-described fourth embodiment, the first fin 3 is fixed to the bottom surface of the ground side end of the rod body 2, and the through hole 3 a corresponding to a predetermined range in the center of the opening of the rod body 2. The first embodiment is the same as the fourth embodiment except that the first fin 3 ′ is provided. Only differences from the fourth embodiment will be described below.

  In this form, the first fin 3 ′ can be fixed to the rod body 2 at the site. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the bolt 21 is attached to the bottom surface of the ground side end portion of the rod body 2, and the first fin 3 ′ having a hole 34 through which the bolt 21 is passed is penetrated through the bolt 21. The other side can be fixed by tightening with the nut 22.

  The tightening of the nut 22 with respect to the bolt 21 is much easier as work and can be performed in a shorter time than welding. The rod 1 according to the present invention itself is not left in the ground as a steel pipe pile, and can be used many times in principle, and the number required per site is smaller than that of the steel pipe pile. However, when the construction site requires many rods, the rod body 2 and the first fin 3 ′ can be separately conveyed in the present embodiment, rather than the rod having fins fixed beforehand on the outer periphery. The transportation efficiency can be improved.

  The through hole 3 a provided in the first fin 3 ′ is provided so as not to obstruct the insertion of the protrusion 43 of the second fin 4 into the hollow portion of the rod body 2. .

  The shape of the first fin 3 ′ can be set as desired and is not particularly limited. For example, it may be the same shape as the second fin 4 described above. Also, the means for fixing the first fin 3 'to the rod body 2 is not particularly limited as long as it is a means that does not fall off from the rod body 2 when it is rotationally press-fitted or pulled out by reverse rotation. In addition to tightening with bolts and nuts, suitable males and females may be provided and fitted.

(Fourth example)
Next, a fourth example will be described. In the fourth example, in the above-described fourth embodiment, the second fin 4 is a second fin 4 ′ that is a substantially rectangular flat plate, and the first fin 3 can be rotated via a hinge 71. A third fin 7 that is pivotally supported is arranged. Only differences from the fourth embodiment will be described below.

  In this embodiment, the third fin 7 excavates the soil in cooperation with other fins instead of or in addition to the second fin 4 '. That is, as shown in FIG. 9 (a), the third fin 7 has a first end 7a attached to the first fin 3 so as to be rotatable via a hinge 71, and the opposite side of the third fin 7 It arrange | positions so that the front-end | tip of the 2nd edge part 7b may be located below 2nd fin 4 '. As will be described later, the second fin 4 ′ is engaged with the third fin 7, and when the rod 1 rotates, the second fin 4 ′ is rotated together by being pushed by the third fin 7. . The mounting angle of the third fin 7 can be set in consideration of the geological conditions of the place to be excavated, but is preferably set to approximately 60 degrees with respect to the horizontal direction. A convex portion 72 for engaging the second fin 4 ′ is provided at a predetermined position of the third fin 7, and constitutes a hook mechanism of this form.

  FIG. 9B shows a state in which the rod 1 is reversely rotated and pulled out. By reverse rotation, the second fin 4 ′ is detached from the third fin 7 and remains in the soil together with the inserted steel pipe pile 6. In the state of being pulled out, the third fin 7 takes a substantially horizontal position because the hinge 71 is rotatable. At this time, the first fin 3 serves to compact the soil around the steel pipe pile 6 downward.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the second fin 4 ′ has a protrusion 45 at the center 44. The protrusion 45 is inserted into the opening of the rod 1. The protrusion 45 of this embodiment is used to lock the steel pipe pile 6 when the steel pipe pile 6 having a small diameter is inserted into the rod 1 from above. An inverted L-shaped locking portion 45a is provided. If a steel pipe pile 6 having a pin extending in the inner diameter direction at a predetermined position inside is used, the pin can be fitted to the locking portion 45a. Although the steel pipe pile 6 provided with the pin is not shown in the figure, a generally known one may be used. By this fitting, after excavating to a predetermined depth, the steel pipe pile 6 is inserted into the rod 1, and the rod 1 is rotated in the reverse direction from the excavation while being pulled out with the steel pipe pile 6 remaining in the soil. The steel pipe pile 6 does not come off the protruding portion 45 by reversely rotating in the same direction as the extending direction of the reverse L-shaped lateral side.

  The second fin 4 'is provided with an extending portion 46 in a predetermined direction. By engaging the extending portion 46 with the convex portion 72 of the third fin 7, the second fin 4 ′ rotates together without dropping from the rod 1. In FIG. 10, the extending portion 46 is provided by extending a rod-shaped member in the short side direction on the bottom surface side, but the forming method is not limited to this. For example, a similar extending portion 46 may be provided by integrally molding a part of the second fin 4 ′. In FIG. 10, the extending portion 46 is inclined with respect to the horizontal direction. This is because the extending portion 46 is easily detached from the convex portion 72 of the third fin 7 when rotated backward. . Although it will come off without providing an inclination, it may be set according to the geological condition of the excavation target.

(Fifth example)
Next, a fifth example will be described. As shown in FIGS. 11 and 14, the fifth example is an intersection with the second fin 4 ′ in the longitudinal direction of the lower surface of the second fin 4 ′ that is a substantially rectangular flat plate in the fourth example described above. The vertical plate 47 is arranged so that the state is substantially T-shaped. Only differences from the fourth example will be described below.

  In this embodiment, as in the fourth example, the third fin 7 excavates the soil in cooperation with other fins instead of or in addition to the second fin 4 ′. Depending on the soil quality, the second fin 4 'may be bent. That is, the vicinity of the short side of the second fin 4 ′ may exhibit a state in which it is plastically deformed due to the pressure of the soil and turned up. If it becomes so, it will become difficult to scratch soil by the short side of 2nd fin 4 ', and it will not only have a bad influence on excavation efficiency, but it will also be negative in the bearing capacity by 2nd fin 4' after excavation completion. It becomes a factor.

  Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 14, in order to prevent or suppress the bending of the second fin 4 ′, the crossing state with the second fin 4 ′ is substantially T-shaped in the longitudinal direction of the lower surface thereof. In this manner, the vertical plate 47 is arranged. In FIG. 11, the vertical plate 47 is disposed so as to contact two short sides along the longitudinal center line of the second fin 4 ′. The shape is substantially rectangular, and the central portion of the upper end surface that is in contact with the second fin 4 ′ is notched and straddles the extending portion 46 of the second fin 4 ′. FIG. 14 shows a perspective view of the second fin 4 ′ in which the vertical plate 47 is arranged.

  As a means for fixing the upper end surface of the vertical plate 47 to the lower surface of the second fin 4 ', welding is suitable. However, the implementation is not limited to welding. For example, the vertical plate 47 is provided with a flange, May be attached to the second fin 4 'by bolts. Further, the shape and quantity of the vertical plate 47 are not limited to a substantially rectangular shape or one piece, respectively, and a shape and quantity sufficient to prevent the bending of the second fin 4 ′ are appropriately selected according to the situation of the excavation site. be able to. Further, here, in order to straddle the extending portion 46 of the second fin 4 ′, a notch is provided in the upper end surface of the vertical plate 47, but the extending portion 46 is integrally formed with the second fin 4 ′ and its lower surface. When it is not overhanging, it is not necessary to provide a notch in the vertical plate.

(Sixth example)
Next, a sixth example will be described. As shown in FIG. 12, in the sixth example, the first fin 3 composed of a plurality of separate spiral pieces is used as one continuous spiral first fin 33 in the fifth example described above. The lower end is disposed in contact with at least one of the plurality of third fins 7. Only the differences from the fifth example will be described below.

  Even in this form, as in the fifth example, the third fin 7 excavates the soil in cooperation with other fins instead of or in addition to the second fin 4 ′. Depending on the soil quality, the excavation speed may decrease.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 12, in order to promote the cooperation between the first fin 33 and the third fin 7 in accordance with the soil quality of the formation, the first fin 33 is larger than the fifth example. This is a continuous spiral shape. By configuring in this way, even in an excavation site that is relatively difficult in the fifth example, the force of pushing the rod body 2 toward the lower end is reinforced by the spiral shape of the first fin 33, and consequently the third The excavation force of the fin 7 is also strengthened. The final size of the first fin 33, the spiral angle, and the like can be appropriately adapted to the situation at the excavation site, but the size is such that the rod body 2 makes one round, and the spiral angle is 40 ° to 50 °. Is preferred.

  Based on the above configuration, a finned steel pipe pile is installed using a finned rod by the following method. This will be described with reference to FIG. The rod main body 2 that is a hollow tube, the first fin 3 fixed at a predetermined position on the ground side end of the rod main body 2, and the bottom surface of the ground side end of the rod main body 2 so as to cover the opening The second fin 4 ′ detachably engaged with the first end is pivotally supported by the first fin 3 via a hinge 71, and the tip of the second end on the opposite side A third fin 7 disposed so as to be positioned below the second fin 4 ', and at least one hook mechanism for detachably engaging the second fin 4' with the rod body 2; The rod provided with is rotationally press-fitted into the ground (step (f)). At the time of screwing, since the bottom surface of the ground side end portion of the rod body 2 is covered by the central portion 44 of the second fin 4 ′, earth and sand hardly penetrate into the hollow portion of the rod body 2. At this time, since the plurality of blades 81 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rod body 2 with the virtual spiral blade 82 cut out, the excavation is performed in order to rotate forward while cutting the earth and sand to be excavated. Can be done effectively. In this respect, the blade 81 opens upward by the pressure of earth and sand from the lower side, not only when the blade 81 is fixedly provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rod body 2 but also when supported by the hinge 83. When the opening limit of 83 is reached, a predetermined inclination is maintained, and excavation can be effectively advanced.

  Next, after reaching a predetermined position and stopping the rotary press-fitting, the steel pipe pile 6 is inserted from the opening of the end on the ground side of the rod body 2 and until the second fin 4 ′ comes into contact with the second fin 4 ′. The steel pipe pile 6 is fitted into a locking part 45a provided in the protruding part 45 and inserted into a protruding part 45 protruding from the center of the surface of the rod body 2 and penetrating into the inside of the rod body 2 (step ( g)). The steel pipe pile 6 is not particularly limited as long as it has a diameter that can be inserted into a rod and can maintain the strength after construction. For example, a single pipe pipe can be used as a suitable example.

  Next, the second fin 4 ′ is released from the rod body 2 by releasing the hook mechanism, and the rod body 2 is rotated in the reverse direction while leaving the second fin 4 ′ and the steel pipe pile 6 in contact therewith. Pulling out while letting go (step (h)). In the process of step (h), earth and sand are backfilled in the space between the rod body 2 and the steel pipe pile 6 (step (i)). At this time, the third fin 7 takes a substantially horizontal position by the action of the hinge 71 by releasing the hook mechanism. At this time, since the plurality of blades 81 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rod body 2 in a state where the virtual spiral blades 82 are notched, the excavated earth and sand are moved downward from the space between the blades 81. Since it rotates backward while being dropped, the amount of earth and sand discharged to the ground can be reduced. Further, when the blade 81 is pivotally supported by the hinge 83, in this process, the blade 81 is released from pressure from the earth and sand and is folded downward by its own weight, so that a further effect is exhibited. it can.

  The process of releasing the hook mechanism is as follows. The hook mechanism has a extending portion 46 that is horizontally extended to a predetermined position of the second fin 4 ′, and a convex portion 72 that is provided at a predetermined position of the third fin 7 to engage the extending portion 46. The extending portion 46 and the projecting portion 72 are detached by the reverse rotation of the rod.

  Thereby, the 2nd fin 4 'left in the ground and the steel pipe pile 6 of a small diameter which contact | abutted to it act as a steel pipe pile with a fin.

(Seventh example)
As described above, the second fin 4 ′ left in the ground provides support as a foundation for a building or the like, but it is not necessary to change the installation location due to changes in ground conditions. In some cases, it may be necessary to collect the waste for reuse. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 13, the rod body 9 having the leg portion 91 having the distal end portion 92 configured to be inserted into the lower surface of the second fin 4 ′ in the ground is utilized. Can do. The second fin 4 ′ is connected to the ground via the steel pipe pile 6 and the ground, and the rod body 9 is inserted while rotating in the ground so as to cover the steel pipe pile 6, and the distal end portion of the leg portion 91 is inserted. Even after 92 is inserted into the lower surface of the second fin 4 ', the second fin 4' can be recovered by continuing to rotate.

  In FIG. 13, the second fin 4 ′ employed in the third to sixth examples is illustrated as being collected, but the seventh example employs the first and third examples. Of course, the present invention can also be applied to collect the two fins 4. That is, after step (e) according to the first and third examples or step (i) according to the third to sixth examples, the second fin 4 or 4 ′ using the rod body 9 according to the seventh example. Step (j) can be performed.

(Eighth example)
In the first to seventh examples described above, the foundation ground is improved by leaving the steel pipe pile 6 in the ground together with the second fins 4 or 4 '. By the way, for this purpose, when the rod body 2 is reversely rotated and pulled out from the ground, the steel pipe pile 6 is detached from the second fin 4 or 4 ′ due to, for example, contamination of foreign matter, and the rod A situation where the main body 2 is collected on the ground must be avoided. This is because there is no meaning of ground improvement, and the second fin 4 or 4 'is also wasted. In order to confirm that the steel pipe pile 6 has not detached from the second fin 4 or 4 ', for example, it is conceivable to confirm by inserting a CCD camera into the inside, but the cost and labor are considered. And it is not realistic to adopt such means at the construction site.

  Therefore, for example, as schematically illustrated in FIGS. 5B and 5D, the confirmation rod 61 is placed on the ground side end surface of the steel pipe pile 6 through the inside of the rod body 2, and the steel pipe pile 6 is If the check rod 61 is rotated together with the rod body 2 when the rod body 2 is rotated with the reverse rotation of the rod body 2 and the rod body 2 is rotated, the worker on the ground can move the steel pipe pile 6 and the second fin 4 or The presence or absence of separation from 4 ′ can be easily visually confirmed. When the confirmation rod 61 is not rotating, it can be determined that the steel pipe pile 6 is not rotating and is not detached from the second fin 4 or 4 '. If it does in this way, as shown in FIG.6 (b) and FIG.7 (b), since the ground side end surface of the steel pipe pile 6 and the surface of a ground have a substantially flush relationship, it will be obstruct | occluded by the rod main body 2. FIG. The movement of the steel pipe pile 6 that cannot be visually confirmed can be confirmed through the confirmation rod 61, and it is possible to avoid in advance a situation where it becomes clear that the steel pipe pile 6 has also been collected after the rod body 2 is pulled out. The confirmation rod 61 can employ the same material and diameter as the steel pipe pile 6, but is not limited thereto, and may be any one that is configured to rotate in synchronization with the steel pipe pile 6. . It is more preferable that the head of the confirmation rod 61 is covered with, for example, a cap 61a having a different color and / or a different size / shape so that an operator can easily see it. Here, the confirmation rod 61 is illustrated and described only in FIGS. 5B and 5D, but as described above, the confirmation rod 61 is naturally applicable to all embodiments.

  The rod according to the present invention can be used for installing small-diameter finned steel pipe piles in order to improve the foundation ground of buildings, particularly ordinary houses and relatively small buildings. As a result, a safe living environment can be provided at a low cost.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rod 2 Rod main body 2a 1st end part 2b 2nd end part 21 Bolt 22 Nut 23 Male part 23a Connecting pin 24 Female part 24a Insertion hole 3 1st fin 31, 32 Wing-like part 3 of 1st fin 3 'First fin 3a Through hole 33 of first fin 3' First fin 35 Hinge 4 of first fin 3 Second fin 41 Central portion 42 of second fin 4 Wing shape of second fin 4 Part 43 Projection part 4 ′ of second fin 4 Second fin 44 Center part 45 of second fin 4 ′ Projection part 46 of second fin 4 ′ Extending part 5 of second fin 4 ′ Hook mechanism 51 First arm portion 51a of the hook mechanism 5 An end portion 51b outside the first arm portion of the hook mechanism 5 An end portion 52 inside the first arm portion of the hook mechanism 5 The second arm portion 53 of the hook mechanism 5 Claw portion 54 of hook mechanism 5 Support point 55 of hook mechanism 5 Base portion of hook mechanism 5 6 Claw portion 6 of hook mechanism 5 Steel pipe pile 61 having a small diameter 61 Confirmation rod 61a Cap 7 Third fin 71 Hinge of third fin 7 72 Convex portion of third fin 7 Blade 82 Virtual spiral wing 83 Hinge 9 Rod body 91 Leg portion 92 of rod body 9 Distal end A of leg portion 91 Heavy machine B

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-140869

Claims (5)

A rod for excavating the ground,
A hollow rod body;
A plurality of blades attached to the outer peripheral surface of the rod body with a predetermined inclination;
The rod, wherein the plurality of blades are arranged so as to form a virtual spiral wing continuous with the outer peripheral surface of the rod body.   The rod according to claim 1, wherein the blade is pivotally supported by a hinge so as to be foldable upward or downward. The rod body is
A male part having a connecting pin provided inside the first end part and biased in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the rod body;
A female portion provided inside the second end opposite to the first end and having an insertion hole for the connecting pin;
The rod according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rod main bodies are connected to each other by fitting the male part and the female part and engaging the connecting pin with the insertion hole. . Furthermore, a first fin disposed at a predetermined position of the first or second end located on the ground side of the rod body,
A second fin detachably engaged with the bottom surface of the first or second end located on the ground side of the rod body so as to cover the opening;
The rod according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising at least one hook mechanism for detachably engaging the second fin with the rod body.   The rod according to claim 4, wherein the first fin is attached to the rod body so as to be foldable upward or downward via a hinge.

Images