JP2014151405A - Cylindrical drilling blade - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cylindrical drilling blade, being high in mechanical strength, applicable to a single acting type and also autorotation type drilling device, also advantageous even to productivity and manufacturing cost, excellent in sharpness, and smaller in drilling resistance, by solving the problem on a conventional sheet metal hollow blade.SOLUTION: The cylindrical drilling blade is formed with a cylindrical part of combining a recessed part formed by butting of two side edges of a metal plate and formed on one side edge of the metal plate and a projection part formed on the other side edge of te metal plate in response to the recessed part, in a cylindrical surface and an edge part formed on one end in the axial direction of the cylindrical part. Desirably, the recessed part and the projection part become a dovetail joint, and the edge part is formed as two or more of pointed head blades or the edge part is formed as a waveform blade.

Description

  The present invention relates to a perforating apparatus that perforates a paper, a resin film, a metal foil, or a laminate of these (hereinafter collectively referred to as “perforated object”) with a perforating blade. The present invention relates to a cylindrical drilling blade applicable to the above.

  Conventionally, a single-acting drilling device (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2) that drills by touching an object to be drilled without rotating the drilling blade around its own axis, or a drilling blade that rotates around its own axis (rotation) A solid-type blade formed in a columnar shape or a hollow blade formed in a cylindrical shape is applied to a rotation-type punching device (for example, Patent Documents 3 and 4) that punches in contact with an object to be drilled. ing. Since these punching blades receive a drag force from the drilled object during drilling, the mechanical strength against the axial load and circumferential load of the drilling blade becomes a problem. However, if the outer diameter is the same, the solid blade is superior.

  However, from the viewpoint of material yield, processing man-hours, or lead time, a hollow blade that can be produced exclusively by outer peripheral cutting of a hollow pipe is more advantageous than a solid blade that cuts out its appearance exclusively from a steel bar for blades. In particular, in the case of the single-acting type, the cutting edge that is thin because it is solid and the cutting edge that becomes a surface presses the object to be drilled, and the cutting edge that is thin because it is hollow is easily attached to the object to be drilled. A hollow blade that bites in is advantageous because of low drilling resistance.

  An example of a hollow blade is shown in FIG. This hollow blade is disclosed in Patent Document 5, and has one end edge of a cylindrical sleeve 110 sharpened to form an inclined blade edge 112 (one pointed blade). Then, it is considered that a drag force at the time of drilling is received in the cylindrical surface of the sleeve 110. Further, both ends of the sheet metal bent into a cylindrical shape are abutted so that a gap 115 can be formed in the longitudinal direction (axial direction), and an annular rib 113 is formed on the outer periphery of the sleeve 110. The gap 115 of the sleeve 110 is formed when the diameter of the sleeve 110 is increased by the wedge effect during drilling, and the rib 113 is pressed and the gap 115 is closed. As a result, friction between the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 110 and the object to be drilled is reduced. It is described that the hollow blade pierced into the drilled object can be easily pulled out.

  In addition, this hollow blade is made of sheet metal that can be produced by punching with a press machine, for example, without using a hollow pipe that cuts the outer periphery, etc., so that the production efficiency is better than using a hollow pipe, and the material and production cost are also reduced. It is advantageous. Furthermore, many thin metal plates circulate more than hollow pipes, and by using the thickness of the metal plate, a sharp thin blade can be formed, and a cutting edge having a good sharpness can be obtained.

JP 2000-301495 A JP 2000-141294 A JP 2006-943 A JP-A-5-138599 Special table 2009-505849

This inventor examined applying the technical idea of the sheet metal hollow blade disclosed in Patent Document 5 to a hollow blade having two or more pointed blades.
For example, a sheet metal hollow blade having two pointed blades at the blade edge portion may receive an uneven axial load (drag) from the drilled object against the blade edge during drilling. At this time, the hollow blade receives an axial load in the cylindrical surface of the sleeve, and the mechanical strength of the hollow blade is considered to be affected by the material, thickness (plate thickness), and length of the sleeve.

  In such a sheet metal hollow blade, if there is a gap in the longitudinal direction (axial direction) of the sleeve, it is easy to cause an axial displacement such that the two edges forming the gap are relatively displaced. . If this load is excessively larger than expected, one pointed blade is greatly displaced in the axial direction relative to the other pointed blade and plastically deformed and cannot be used as a drilling blade. It is possible to receive the axial load by supporting the end opposite to the blade edge of the sleeve, but since the mechanical strength decreases as the sleeve becomes longer, the sleeve does not stop near the blade edge. Overall deformation is likely to occur.

  Similarly, when a hollow blade having two or more pointed blades or wavy blades is used in a rotation type in which a large circumferential load is applied during drilling, the peripheral edge from the drilled object generated by rotation with respect to the blade edge A directional load is received in the cylindrical surface. Due to this circumferential load, the sleeve is likely to be displaced such that one edge of the sheet metal continuing from the cutting edge forming the gap expands the gap. If this load is excessively larger than expected, the sleeve is plastically deformed and cannot be used as a drilling blade.

  Also, if there is a gap in the longitudinal direction (axial direction) of the sleeve, drilling debris that has entered the inside of the sleeve (hollow part) will not easily fall off due to the reduced diameter of the sleeve, and the inside of the sleeve will be There is a possibility of clogging due to the residue, resulting in a solid blade and increasing the perforation resistance.

  The present invention solves the above-described problems related to the sheet metal hollow blade disclosed in Patent Document 5, has high mechanical strength against axial loads and circumferential loads, and is applied to a single-acting or self-rotating drilling device. The present invention provides a cylindrical drilling blade which is a hollow blade which can be configured as possible, and is advantageous in terms of productivity and manufacturing cost, and has a good sharpness and a smaller punching resistance.

  The present inventor has studied in detail a drilling mechanism using a hollow blade, and in bending the metal plate to form the drilling blade into a cylindrical shape, a novel configuration relating to joining two edges of the metal plate abutting each other. The headline, the present invention has been reached.

  That is, the present invention is formed by abutting two edges of a metal plate, formed on one edge of the metal plate, and formed on the other edge of the metal plate corresponding to the recess. The projecting portion is a cylindrical perforated blade having a cylindrical portion combined in the cylindrical surface and a cutting edge portion formed at one end of the cylindrical portion in the axial direction.

  In this invention, it is preferable that the said recessed part and the said convex part are dovetail joints. Moreover, it is preferable that the said blade edge part is formed in two or more pointed blades. Moreover, it can be set as the drilling blade by which the said blade edge | tip part is formed in the waved blade.

  According to the present invention, the mechanical strength against the axial load and the circumferential load is high, and it can be applied to a single-acting or rotating drilling device. Further, it is advantageous in terms of productivity and manufacturing cost, and has a good sharpness. A cylindrical drilling blade having a lower drilling resistance can be obtained.

It is a perspective view which shows an example of the cylindrical drilling blade of this invention. It is a front view of the cylindrical drilling blade shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows another example of the cylindrical drilling blade of this invention. It is a front view of the cylindrical drilling blade shown in FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the example of a combination structure of the recessed part and convex part except being shown in FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the example of a combination structure of the recessed part and convex part except being shown in FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. FIG. 10 is a front view of a drilling blade portion extracted from FIG. 9 of Patent Document 5.

  The present invention has a technical feature in a combined structure in which two edges of a metal plate of a perforated blade formed in a cylindrical shape are joined together. The cylindrical perforated blade of the present invention has a cylindrical portion formed by butting two edges of a metal plate, and a blade edge portion formed at one end in the axial direction of the cylindrical portion. In forming the cylindrical portion, a concave portion formed on one edge of the metal plate and a convex portion formed on the other edge corresponding to the concave portion are provided. Are combined in the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical part to be formed.

  The combined structure of the concave portion and the convex portion for joining the two edges of the metal plate is an important technical idea in the present invention that is not recognized in the sheet metal hollow blade disclosed in Patent Document 5. Due to the combined structure of the concave and convex portions, the deformation of the sleeve can be effectively prevented. For example, even if an uneven axial load is applied to the cutting edge and the two edges of the metal plate are relatively displaced and try to move in the axial direction, the concave and convex portions in the cylindrical surface are Since they are combined with each other like parts, the above-described axial displacement can be reliably suppressed, and undesirable plastic deformation of the sleeve can be prevented.

  In addition, for example, when a large circumferential load is applied to the cutting edge and the gap on the side closer to the cutting edge is larger than that on the side far from the cutting edge, the corner of the convex portion Are in contact with the recesses and act so as to prevent the rotational movement in the cylindrical surface from each other, so that the deformation due to the diameter expansion of the cylindrical portion that is large enough to hinder the drilling can be suppressed. Regarding the mutual action of the concave and convex portions so as to prevent rotational movement in the circumferential surface, the circumferential load that closes the gap on the edge closer to the blade edge than the edge on the side far from the blade edge is applied. The same applies when receiving.

  In the present invention, the concave and convex portions described above are preferably selected in consideration of the load on the drilling blade and the use conditions. For example, the rectangular shape shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the trapezoidal shape shown in FIG. 5A, the semicircular shape or semielliptical shape shown in FIG. 5B, or the triangular shape shown in FIG. be able to. If it is such a shape, by forming in the convex part corresponding to a recessed part, a recessed part and a convex part can mutually prevent the displacement of an axial direction within a cylindrical surface. Also, for example, the inverted trapezoidal shape shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the T shape shown in FIG. 6A, the balloon shape or the saddle shape shown in FIG. 6B, the notched balloon shown in FIG. If it is a shape such as a shape or a saddle shape, in addition to preventing the above-mentioned axial well, each other can act so as to prevent rotational movement in the circumferential surface.

  In addition, if the combination part of the concave part and the convex part and the joint part of the two edges of the metal plate are structured so that the sleeve can be elastically deformed so as not to interfere with perforation, the flexibility of the metal plate can be improved. It is preferable because it can be used more effectively. For example, it is easy to provide an appropriate gap between the concave portion and the convex portion, and not to fix the butt portion by welding or adhesion. Further, the concave portion and the convex portion can be combined with an intermediate fit or an interference fit, and the mechanical strength against the diameter expansion or contraction of the sleeve can be increased.

Hereinafter, an example of the cylindrical perforation blade in the present invention will be specifically described and described in detail.
The perforating blade 11 shown in FIG. 3 (perspective view) and FIG. 4 (front view) is a hollow blade made of a metal plate, and is formed by bending a metal plate punched into a predetermined shape by a press device into a cylindrical shape. A sleeve 11a (cylindrical portion) is formed. Further, one end of the sleeve 11a in the longitudinal direction (axial direction) is formed at the blade edge portion, and has two sharp blade edges 11b (pointed blades). The cutting edge portion may be a single pointed blade or a wavy blade.

  For example, in the case of having two cutting edges 11b, if the butted portion 11f is made to correspond to the position of the valley bottom formed by the two cutting edges 11b, it is easy to avoid catching the edge of the metal plate during drilling. In addition, when making a blade edge into one pointed blade, it is preferable to make a butt | matching part (corresponding | compatible part of the butt | matching part 11f) correspond to the position most distant from the blade front-end | tip in a blade edge | tip part. As a result, in addition to the above-described catch avoidance effect, the cylindrical portion is unlikely to be deformed like buckling even when subjected to a large axial load during drilling.

  Further, the two edges of the bent metal plate are combined at the locations of the butted portions 11e and 11f. The structure of the butting portion 11e of the sleeve 11a that connects the two edges of the metal plate is an important feature in the present invention. In this abutting portion 11e, one side edge of the metal plate provided with the rectangular groove-like concave portion 11d and the other side edge of the metal plate provided with the square convex-shaped convex portion 11c so as to correspond to the concave portion 11d. Are combined in the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical sleeve 11a.

  This combination structure may be provided at only one location in the axial direction of the sleeve 11a, but may be provided at a plurality of locations so as to suit various conditions such as the overall length of the drilling blade and the drilling load. The phrase “in the cylindrical surface” refers to an aspect in which the concave portion and the convex portion do not protrude outward beyond the outer diameter of the cylinder (sleeve 11a) to the extent that obstruction of perforation occurs.

  Due to the combined structure of the convex portion 11c and the concave portion 11d, even when an unequal axial load is applied to the cutting edge 11b of the drilling blade 11, relative displacement of both edges of the metal plate can be suppressed, and the sleeve 11a. Can be prevented from being deformed. For example, when the drag force from the drilled object acts on the cutting edge 11b on the side where the convex portion 11c is present (the sharp blade shown on the right side in FIG. 4), the edge of the metal plate on the side where the convex portion 11c is present Tries to move in the axial direction.

  However, the concave portion 11d combined with the convex portion 11c continues to lock the convex portion 11c, and the concave portion 11d and the convex portion 11c try to be displaced integrally in the surface of the sleeve 11a. For this reason, only the edge of the metal plate on the side where the convex portion 11c is present is prevented from being displaced in the axial direction. Therefore, the punching blade 11 having the sleeve 11a is not easily deformed by a normal unequal axial load because it is difficult to be deformed in the axial direction even if it receives an axial load.

  In the combination of the concave portion 11d and the convex portion 11c described above, the angle of the real part (hereinafter referred to as “groove angle”) formed by intersecting the edge of the concave portion 11d with the edge of the metal plate, shown as θ in FIG. In other words, it is the angle of the imaginary part formed by the edge of the convex portion 11c intersecting the edge of the metal plate, but 90 degrees (perpendicular to the axial direction) is the most mechanically resistant to the axial load. As the angle approaches 0 degrees (perpendicular to the circumferential direction), it becomes difficult to resist the axial load.

  When the groove angle θ is 90 degrees or more, the circumferential load that reduces the diameter of the sleeve 11a can be resisted, but the circumferential load that increases the diameter of the sleeve 11a cannot be mechanically resisted. Therefore, as a drilling blade provided in a single-acting drilling apparatus whose main drag is an axial load, a recess 11d formed with a groove angle θ of 90 degrees, and a protrusion formed corresponding to the recess 11d The drilling blade 11 having a combined structure with 11c is preferable.

  Further, in the drilling blade 11, it is preferable to form the sleeve 11a so that the diameter can be increased if the wedge effect at the time of drilling does not make it difficult to pull out the drilling blade. For example, in the butt portions 11e and 11f, as described above, the two edges of the metal plate are formed so as not to be fixed by welding or adhesion. As a result, the flexibility of the metal plate can be utilized. For example, in the case of trying to discharge the perforated waste that has entered the inside (hollow part) of the sleeve 11a from the end opposite to the blade edge part, the sleeve 11a is elastically deformed. Since the diameter can be increased, the drilling waste can be easily discharged.

Next, an example of a combination of a concave portion and a convex portion, which is considered suitable when a circumferential load that expands the diameter of a cylindrical drilling blade, is described.
The punching blade 31 shown in FIG. 7 (perspective view) and FIG. 8 (front view) is formed with a sleeve 31a (cylindrical portion) and two sharp cutting edges 31b (pointed blades) in the same manner as the punching blade 11 described above. A cutting edge portion. The cutting edge portion may be a single pointed blade or a wavy blade. In addition, the drilling blade provided in the rotation-type drilling apparatus that drills while cutting the object to be drilled preferably has a plurality of pointed blades or a wavy blade in consideration of the number of blades that perform the cutting.

  In addition, the perforation blade 31 is formed by combining two edges of the bent metal plate at the locations of the abutting portions 31e and 31f. In this abutting portion 31e, one edge of a metal plate provided with a dovetail-shaped concave portion 31d and a metal provided with a dovetail-shaped convex portion 31c corresponding to the concave portion 31d The other edge of the plate is combined in the cylindrical surface of the sleeve 31a. As with the perforating blade 11, it is preferable to allow the sleeve 31a to be slightly elastically displaced and expanded in diameter at the butting portions 31e and 31f.

  The combined structure of the convex portion 31c and the concave portion 11d in the drilling blade 31 belongs to a joining mode called a dovetail joint. This dovetail joint is generally a convex part called an ant-shape formed so as to correspond to this dovetail groove with respect to a concave part (female type) called an ant groove whose groove shape is formed in an inverted C shape or a trapezoidal shape. By inserting and combining (male type), it is a kind of joint structure that connects the side with the concave portion and the side with the convex portion.

  In the above-described combined structure of the concave portion and the convex portion belonging to the dovetail joint, the concave portion and the convex portion act so as to relatively restrain the horizontal position and the vertical position on each side. In the drilling blade 31, the two edges of the metal plate are relatively displaced in the axial direction and the circumferential direction within the surface of the sleeve 31a by the combined structure of the concave portion 31d and the convex portion 31c using the properties of the dovetail joint. Is hindering.

  That is, the concave portion 31d and the convex portion 31c continue to engage with each other, and try to displace each other integrally in the surface of the sleeve 31a, or try to cancel moments in the surface of the sleeve 31a. For this reason, only one of the edges of the metal plate is prevented from being displaced in the axial direction or the circumferential direction within the surface of the sleeve 31a. Therefore, even if it receives an axial load or a circumferential load, the drilling blade 31 having the sleeve 31a is not easily deformed by a normal axial load generated by a single acting type or a normal circumferential load generated by a rotation type. It becomes.

  In the dovetail-shaped recess 31d described above, the groove angle θ, which is indicated by θ in FIG. 8 and forms the inclination of the inverted C shape or the trapezoidal shape, is an axial load or a circumferential load acting during drilling, and It should be determined in consideration of the mechanical strength of the recesses and protrusions. This groove angle θ is preferably 40 to 85 when the drilling blade 31 is provided in a rotating manner in which the circumferential load is more important than the axial load because the mechanical strength decreases if it is too close to 0 degrees. Degree, more preferably 50 to 75 degrees. Moreover, when it comprises in the single acting system which attaches importance to an axial load rather than a circumferential load, it is preferable to make groove angle (theta) 70-85 degree | times larger.

  The perforating blade in the present invention is a hollow blade using a metal plate, and has advantages in many points such as production efficiency, material cost, market distribution, and sharpness as compared with the hollow blade using a hollow pipe as described above. In particular, the effect of reducing the drilling resistance due to the thinning of the blade edge is important, and this contributes greatly to improving the lifetime of the drilling blade, making the drilling device more compact, and saving energy. For example, the thickness of the metal plate that is thinner than the hollow pipe can be used, and the slope forming the edge angle related to the sharpness of the edge can be narrowly formed. Although the mechanical strength decreases as the slope forming the edge of the blade becomes narrower, the punching resistance due to the cutting of the blade edge against the drilled object becomes smaller than this, and the resistance due to the biting of the cutting edge portion can be reduced. .

  Therefore, the piercing blade using the metal plate in the present invention can reduce the piercing resistance and obtain a good sharpness. In the present invention, the thickness of the metal plate is preferably 0.2 to 1.0 mm. The thinner the metal plate, the lower the perforation resistance, and the thicker, the mechanical strength can be improved. When the perforated material is soft or thin, a plate thickness of 0.05 to 0.2 mm is preferable, and when it is hard or thick, a plate thickness of 1.0 mm or more can be applied.

11. Drilling blade, 11a. Sleeve, 11b. Cutting edge, 11c. Convex part, 11d. Recess, 11e. Butting part, 11f. Butt section, 31. Drilling blade, 31a. Sleeve, 31b. Cutting edge, 31c. Convex part, 31d. Recess, 31e. Butt, 31f. Butt section, 110. Sleeve, 112. Cutting edge, 113. Ribs, 115. Clearance, θ: groove angle

Claims (4)

  A recess formed on the two edges of the metal plate and formed on one edge of the metal plate, and a protrusion formed on the other edge of the metal plate corresponding to the recess. A cylindrical perforated blade having a cylindrical portion combined in a cylindrical surface and a blade edge portion formed at one end in the axial direction of the cylindrical portion.   The cylindrical perforated blade according to claim 1, wherein the concave portion and the convex portion are dovetail joints.   The cylindrical perforated blade according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cutting edge portion is formed on two or more pointed blades.   The cylindrical perforated blade according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cutting edge portion is formed in a waved blade.