JP2014151396A - Non-circular working method with turning - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a working method that achieves non-circular working with turning.SOLUTION: A non-circular working method with turning is provided for applying non-circular working to a workpiece 14 by using a lathe including a spindle loaded with chuck means and a tool table to which a cutting tool 32 is fitted and which is supported freely movably in the X-axis direction and Z-axis direction with respect to the spindle. The working peripheral surface of the workpiece 14 is divided into a first working area and a second working area. When the first working area B1 of the workpiece 14 is worked, the spindle is rotated in a prescribed rotation direction (arrow 36) and the blade tip of the cutting tool 32 is caused to act on the first working area B1 from one side of the workpiece 14, so that the first working area B1 is turned into a prescribed shape. When the second working area B2 of the workpiece 14 is worked, the spindle is rotated in a direction reverse to the prescribed rotation direction and causes the blade tip of the cutting tool 32 to act on the second working area B2 from the other side of the workpiece 14, so that the second working area B2 is turned into a prescribed shape.

Description

  The present invention relates to a non-circular machining method by turning that performs non-circular machining on a workpiece using cutting by an NC lathe or the like.

  As a machining method for machining a workpiece into a non-circular shape by turning, a spindle provided with chuck means for holding the workpiece, a tool table provided with a cutting tool, and the spindle and the tool table are arranged in a first straight line. A first support mechanism for supporting the main shaft and the tool table in a second linear direction perpendicular to the first linear direction. There is a non-circular machining method by turning that uses a lathe provided with two support mechanisms and performs a non-circular machining by causing the cutting edge of a cutting tool to act at a machining position offset upward or downward in the vertical direction from the center axis of the main spindle. It has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In this non-circular machining method, machining shape data corresponding to the final machining shape of the workpiece is read, and the rake face of the cutting tool and the final machining shape of the workpiece are exchanged at every predetermined rotation angle of the workpiece. Create a line, create a cutting tool trajectory point sequence considering the feed amount of the cutting tool on the spline curve corresponding to the created intersection line, and based on this tool trajectory point sequence, set the movement reference point of the cutting tool. Create a trajectory point sequence. Then, based on the locus point sequence connection data obtained by connecting the created reference point locus point sequences, the turning data is created by calculating the feed amounts in the first and second linear directions for each predetermined rotation angle of the workpiece. However, non-circular machining is performed by moving the cutting tool relative to the workpiece via the first and second support mechanisms based on the turning data, and according to such a machining method, High-precision non-circular machining can be performed by turning using a lathe. Throughout this specification, the “non-circular machining method” refers to a machining method in which the distance from the spindle rotation center to the machining point changes during spindle rotation, for example, machining into a shape such as a non-circular shape or an eccentric circular shape. A processing method.

JP 2012-71381 A

  However, in such a machining method, depending on the final machining shape of the workpiece, the moving acceleration of the cutting tool may increase and exceed the machining capability of the lathe. The non-circular machining by cannot be performed. For these reasons, it is desired to realize a machining method capable of machining with high accuracy by turning corresponding to various non-circular shapes.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a machining method capable of performing various non-circular shapes by turning.

In the non-circular machining method by turning according to claim 1 of the present invention, a spindle equipped with chuck means for holding a workpiece and a cutting tool for cutting the workpiece are attached. A tool table, a first support mechanism for movably supporting one of the spindle and the tool table relative to the other in a first linear direction, and the spindle and the tool table. A lathe comprising: a second support mechanism for movably supporting one of the other relative to the other in a second linear direction substantially perpendicular to the first linear direction; A non-circular machining method by turning that performs a non-circular machining by acting on the workpiece at a machining position where the cutting edge of the cutting tool is offset by a predetermined distance above or below the central axis of the main shaft. And
The machining peripheral surface of the workpiece is divided into a first machining area and a second machining area, and when machining the first machining area of the workpiece, the spindle is rotated in a predetermined rotation direction, When the cutting edge of the cutting tool is applied to the first machining area from one side of the workpiece to cut it into a predetermined shape, and when the second machining area of the workpiece is machined, the main shaft is moved to the predetermined area. While rotating in the direction opposite to the rotation direction, the cutting edge of the cutting tool is applied to the second processing region from the other side of the workpiece to perform cutting into a predetermined shape.

  In the non-circular machining method by turning according to claim 2 of the present invention, the cutting edge section of the cutting tool is circular, and when the first machining area of the workpiece is cut, the cutting is performed. When the tool is rotated in a predetermined direction and the second processing region of the workpiece is cut, the cutting tool is rotated in the predetermined direction or in a direction opposite to the predetermined direction.

  In the non-circular machining method by turning according to claim 3 of the present invention, when the workpiece is rotated at a constant rotation speed in a predetermined rotation direction, the final machining shape of the workpiece is used as a reference. Thus, a region where the moving speed and moving acceleration of the cutting tool at the processing position of the workpiece is small is defined as the first processing region, and a region where the moving speed and / or moving acceleration of the cutting tool is large is defined as the first processing region. When the first machining area is cut, the main shaft is rotated in the predetermined rotation direction. When the second machining area is cut, the main shaft is in a direction opposite to the predetermined rotation direction. It is characterized by being rotated.

  Further, in the non-circular machining method by turning according to claim 4 of the present invention, a plurality of division reference lines extending radially at predetermined angles around the rotation center of the workpiece are assumed, and the cutting tool Assuming a reference circle whose radius is the predetermined distance in which the cutting edge is offset in the vertical direction, a first intersection where each of the plurality of division reference lines and the reference circle intersect, and the cutting tool from the first intersection The tangential distance decreases when the workpiece rotates in the predetermined rotation direction based on a tangential distance between a tangential line extending to the side and a second intersection where the final machining shape of the workpiece intersects. The region is the first processing region, and the region where the tangential distance is increased is the second processing region.

  Further, in the non-circular machining method by turning according to claim 5 of the present invention, the area where the tangential distance does not change when the workpiece is rotated in the predetermined rotation direction is the first machining area and When the second machining area is included and included in the first machining area, the cutting tool is cut into a predetermined shape when the main shaft is rotated in the predetermined rotation direction, and the second machining area is When included, the cutting tool is cut into a predetermined shape when the main shaft is rotated in a direction opposite to the predetermined rotation direction.

  Furthermore, in the non-circular machining method by turning according to claim 6 of the present invention, first and second final machining shape data corresponding to final machining shapes of the first and second machining regions of the workpiece are read. The final shape reading step, and the rake face of the cutting tool and the final machining shapes of the first and second machining regions of the workpiece for each predetermined rotation angle of the first and second machining regions of the workpiece. And a first line corresponding to the first and second lines of intersection with respect to the first and second processing regions created in the intersection line creation step. A tool trajectory point sequence creating step for creating first and second trajectory point sequences of the cutting tool in consideration of the feed amount of the cutting tool on a second spline curve, and a trajectory point sequence creating step created by the trajectory point sequence creating step 1 and 2 based on the tool trajectory point sequence A reference point locus point sequence creating step for creating first and second locus point sequences of the first and second movement reference points of the tool, and the first and second points created in the reference point locus point sequence creating step. Based on the first and second trajectory point sequence connection data obtained by connecting the reference point trajectory sequence, the first and second linear feed amounts for the predetermined rotation angle of the workpiece are calculated to be the first. And a turning data creation step of creating second turning data.

  According to the non-circular machining method by turning according to claim 1 of the present invention, when machining the first machining area, the cutting edge of the cutting tool is rotated from one side of the workpiece while rotating the spindle in a predetermined rotation direction. Is applied to the first machining area and when the second machining area of the workpiece is machined, the main shaft is rotated in the direction opposite to the predetermined rotation direction, and cutting is performed from the other side of the workpiece. Since cutting is performed by causing the cutting edge of the tool to act on the second processing region, for example, the first processing is performed in consideration of the moving speed (and / or moving acceleration) of the cutting edge of the cutting tool when processing the workpiece. By cutting into the region and the second processing region, even if the cross-sectional shape is non-circular, it can be turned into a predetermined shape.

  Further, according to the non-circular machining method by turning according to claim 2 of the present invention, since the cross-sectional shape of the cutting edge of the cutting tool is circular, the cutting tool is used when machining the first machining area of the workpiece. Can be applied from one side of the workpiece, and when the second machining area is machined, the cutting tool can be applied from the other side of the workpiece. And the second machining region can be turned. When the first machining area of the workpiece is machined, the cutting tool is rotated in a predetermined direction, and when the second machining area is machined, the cutting tool is rotated in a predetermined direction (or a direction opposite to the predetermined direction). Can be turned.

  According to the non-circular machining method by turning according to claim 3 of the present invention, when the workpiece is rotated at a constant rotation speed in a predetermined rotation direction, the final machining shape of the workpiece is used as a reference. Turning a region where the moving speed and moving acceleration of the cutting tool are small at the processing position of the workpiece as a first working region and a region where the moving speed (and / or moving acceleration) of the cutting tool is large as a second working region By machining, when turning into a non-circular shape, it is possible to suppress the moving speed (and / or acceleration) of the cutting tool from exceeding the cutting ability of the lathe and to suppress the workpiece to a predetermined shape with high accuracy. Can be turned.

  According to the non-circular machining method by turning according to claim 4 of the present invention, a plurality of division reference lines extending radially at predetermined angles around the rotation center of the workpiece are assumed, and the cutting tool A reference circle whose radius is a predetermined distance in which the cutting edge is offset in the vertical direction is assumed. And the tangent distance between the 1st intersection which each of a some division | segmentation reference line and a reference | standard circle cross, and the 2nd intersection which the tangent extended from the 1st intersection to the cutting tool side and the final process shape of a workpiece cross Therefore, the region where the tangential distance decreases is a region where the moving speed and the moving acceleration of the cutting tool are small, this region becomes the first processing region, and the region where the tangential distance increases is the moving speed of the cutting tool (and Turning in a region where the moving speed (and / or moving acceleration) of the cutting tool is increased by selecting the processing region in this manner. Cutting can be performed with high accuracy as required by avoiding machining.

  According to the non-circular machining method by turning according to claim 5 of the present invention, the movement acceleration of the cutting tool is increased in the region where the tangential distance does not change when the workpiece is rotated in the predetermined rotation direction. The region does not change substantially at zero, and such a region can be included in the first processing region and / or the second processing region, for example, depending on the final processing shape of the workpiece.

  Furthermore, according to the non-circular machining method by turning according to claim 6 of the present invention, the first turning of the final machining shape of the first machining area corresponding to the final machining shape of the first machining area of the workpiece. Machining data is created, and second turning data of the turning shape of the second machining area corresponding to the final machining shape of the second machining area is created, so the first and second turning data are used. The workpiece can be turned into a non-circular shape with high accuracy. Further, when creating the first and second turning data, the first and second rake surfaces of the cutting tool and the surface of the final machining shape for each of the predetermined rotation angles with respect to the first and second machining regions of the workpiece. Since two intersecting lines are created, it is possible to perform processing while maintaining the action state of the cutting tool on the workpiece during processing in a predetermined relationship. Further, first and second trajectory point sequences of the cutting tool are generated on the first and second spline curves corresponding to the first and second intersecting lines in consideration of the feed amount of the cutting tool. First and second trajectory point sequences of the first and second movement reference points of the cutting tool are created based on the two tool trajectory point sequences, and the first and second first and second reference point trajectory point sequences connected to each other. Since the feed amounts in the first and second directions for each predetermined rotation angle of the workpiece are calculated based on the two locus point sequence connection data, the first and second cutting tools used when cutting the workpiece. An accurate feed amount in the direction can be calculated.

The perspective view which shows simply one Embodiment of the lathe for enforcing the non-circular machining method according to this invention. The partial expansion perspective view which expands and shows the vicinity of the cutting tool and workpiece in the state which processes a 1st process area | region using the lathe of FIG. The partial expansion perspective view which expands and shows the vicinity of the cutting tool and workpiece in the state which processes a 2nd process area | region using the lathe of FIG. The flowchart which shows the flow of the operation | work which produces the process data for turning. The flowchart which shows the flow of the operation | work which produces 1st cutting process data. The figure which shows simply the offset positional relationship of a workpiece and a cutting tool when turning a workpiece. The figure which shows simply the relationship of the process position which the cutting tool acts when turning the 1st process area. The figure which shows simply the state which the to-be-processed object rotated from the state shown in FIG. The figure which shows the tangent in each process position of the cutting tool when rotating a workpiece in a predetermined direction and processing. The figure which shows the tangent in each process position of the cutting tool at the time of turning when processing by rotating a workpiece in the direction opposite to a predetermined direction. The figure for demonstrating the movement acceleration of the cutting tool when turning and processing a workpiece in a predetermined direction. The figure for demonstrating the movement acceleration of the cutting tool when rotating a workpiece in the direction opposite to a predetermined direction and processing. The figure for demonstrating the movement acceleration of the cutting tool when rotating the workpiece of another form to a predetermined direction, and processing. The figure for demonstrating the movement acceleration of the cutting tool when processing the workpiece of FIG. 14 by rotating in the direction opposite to a predetermined direction. The perspective view which shows simply other embodiment of the lathe for enforcing the non-circular machining method according to this invention.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a non-circular machining method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, with reference to FIGS. 1-3, one Embodiment of the lathe processed using the non-circular machining method according to this invention is described.

  1 to 3, a lathe (for example, an NC lathe, a CNC lathe) 2 shown in FIG. 1 includes a bed main body 4 installed on a floor surface of a factory or the like. An auxiliary support portion 8 provided on the rear side of the main body support portion 6 is provided. The main body support portion 6 and the auxiliary support portion 8 may be configured integrally, but may be configured separately and connected and fixed to each other.

  In this embodiment, the main shaft portion 10 is provided on one side portion (upper right portion in FIG. 1) of the main body support portion 6. A main shaft (not shown) is rotatably supported by the main shaft portion 10, chuck means 12 is attached to the main shaft, and a workpiece 14 to be processed is detachably held by the chuck means 12.

  In addition, a moving table 16 is provided in the auxiliary support portion 8 via a first support mechanism (not shown) in the first linear direction (the Z-axis direction, which is the axial direction of the main shaft). ) In such a way that it can reciprocate freely. Although not shown, the first support mechanism has a pair of first guide support portions extending in the first linear direction (Z-axis direction), and the pair of first guide support portions is the auxiliary support portion 8. Arranged on the upper surface, the moving table 16 is supported by a pair of guide support portions of the first support mechanism, and can reciprocate along the first linear direction, that is, the direction indicated by the arrows 18 and 20. In this embodiment, the moving table 16 is moved in the Z-axis direction with respect to the main shaft (not shown), but instead of such a configuration, the main table (that is, the main shaft portion 10) is moved with respect to the moving table 16. ) May be moved in the Z-axis direction.

  The moving table 16 has a tool table 22 in a second linear direction (X axis direction substantially perpendicular to the axial direction of the main shaft) via a second support mechanism (not shown). 1 is supported so as to be reciprocally movable from the lower right to the upper left. Although not shown, the second support mechanism has a pair of second guide support portions extending in the second linear direction (X-axis direction), and the pair of second guide support portions is the upper surface of the moving table 16. The tool table 22 is supported by a pair of second guide support portions of the second support mechanism, and is reciprocally movable along the second linear direction, that is, the direction indicated by the arrows 24 and 26 along these. . In this embodiment, the tool table 22 is moved in the X-axis direction with respect to the spindle (not shown). However, instead of such a configuration, the spindle (that is, the spindle portion 10) with respect to the tool table 22. ) May be moved in the X-axis direction.

  The tool table 22 is provided with a support arm 28 extending upward from the main shaft, and a tool unit 30 is attached to the tip of the support arm 28. The tool unit 30 includes a cutting tool 32 for cutting the workpiece 14. The cutting tool 32 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and the cross-sectional shape of the cutting edge (the portion where the workpiece 14 is turned) is circular. The cutting tool 32 is provided in a predetermined direction (for example, a direction indicated by an arrow 34 in FIGS. 2 and 3) by a tool drive source (for example, an electric motor) (not shown) built in the tool unit 30. ) And the cutting edge of the turning tool 32 that rotates in a predetermined direction acts on the workpiece 14 to perform a required turning process.

  In this lathe 2, a spindle drive source (not shown) constituted by, for example, an electric motor is provided in association with the spindle (not shown) of the spindle unit 10, and when the spindle drive source rotates forward, The spindle and chuck means 12 are rotated in a predetermined rotational direction (counterclockwise in FIG. 2) indicated by an arrow 36 in FIG. 2, and when the spindle drive source is reversed, the spindle and chuck means 12 are It is rotated in the direction opposite to the predetermined rotation direction indicated by the arrow 38 (clockwise in FIG. 3).

  In addition, a moving table drive source (not shown) composed of, for example, a linear motor is provided in association with the moving table 16, and when a current in a predetermined direction is supplied to the moving table drive source, the moving table 16 moves. The table 16 (and the tool table 22 and tool unit 30 attached thereto) is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow 18 (the lower left direction in FIG. 1), and the current in the direction opposite to the predetermined direction is applied to the moving table drive source. Is moved, the moving table 16 (and the tool table 22 and the tool unit 30 attached thereto) is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow 20 (upper right direction in FIG. 1).

  In addition, a tool table drive source (not shown) composed of, for example, a linear motor is provided in association with the tool table 22, and when a current in a predetermined direction is supplied to the tool table drive source, The table 22 (and the tool unit 30 attached thereto) is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow 24 (the upper left direction in FIG. 1), and a current in a direction opposite to the predetermined direction is supplied to the tool table drive source. Then, the tool table 22 (and the tool unit 30 attached thereto) is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow 26 (the lower right direction in FIG. 1).

  The lathe 2 is configured as follows so that the workpiece 14 can be cut into a non-circular shape as required. Referring to FIG. 6 together with FIGS. 2 and 3, first, the cutting tool 32 (specifically, its cutting edge) is the center axis (in other words, the work piece held by the chuck means 12) of the main shaft (not shown). It is attached to the tool table 22 as required so as to be offset by a predetermined distance H above the central axis O) of the object 14 as described above, and by cutting the cutting tool 32 in this way, cutting is performed. The interference range in which the cutting tool 32 and the workpiece 14 interfere with each other during processing is narrowed, and various non-circular processing is possible.

  The predetermined distance H (ie, the offset amount H) at which the cutting tool 32 is offset upward depends on the final machining shape of the workpiece 14 to be cut, but depends on the central axis of the main shaft (the central axis O of the workpiece 14). ) On the basis of the axis L1 (that is, the X axis line in FIG. 6) passing through the rake face 40 of the cutting edge of the cutting tool 32 and the intersection of the basic circle 42 of the workpiece 14 with this as A. An angle α with the line M connecting the intersection A and the center O of the base circle, in other words, an offset angle α (see FIG. 6) related to the offset amount H is an angle range of about 20 to 70 degrees, preferably 40 to 60 degrees. It is preferable that the angle range is as follows. The cutting tool 32 may be offset upward in the vertical direction as in this embodiment. On the contrary, the cutting tool 32 may be offset downward in the vertical direction as will be described later. The following effects can be obtained.

  Further, based on the final machining shape of the workpiece 14, it is divided into a first machining area B1 and a second machining area B2 as described later (see FIGS. 11 and 12), and the first machining area B1 is turned. When machining, as shown in FIG. 2, the main shaft (that is, the chuck means 12 and the workpiece 14 attached thereto) is rotated in a predetermined rotation direction indicated by an arrow 36, and at this time, the machining tool is rotated. The machining tool 32 is from one side of the workpiece 14 (in this embodiment, on the back side of the lathe 2 and on the right side in FIG. 6) so that the rake face 40 of the cutting edge 32 bites into the surface of the workpiece 14. When the turning is performed and the second machining area B2 is turned, the spindle (that is, the chuck means 12 and the workpiece 14 attached thereto) is indicated by an arrow 38 as shown in FIG. Opposite to the specified direction of rotation The tool 32 is moved to the other side of the work piece 14 (in this embodiment, the lathe 2) so that the rake face 40 of the cutting edge of the work tool 32 bites into the surface of the work piece 14 during this rotation. Turning is performed from the front side (left side in FIG. 6) (see FIG. 10).

  Next, with reference to FIGS. 4 to 10 together with FIG. 1, a procedure for creating turning machining data used when machining using the lathe 2 described above will be described. In this embodiment, the creation of turning machining data for performing the above-described turning is performed using a computer (for example, a personal computer) (not shown) separate from the controller (not shown) of the lathe 2. The first and second turning data are created using a computer, and then the first and second turning data are synthesized and then added to the machining command when reading into the controller of the lathe 2 to add NC machining data. Is created.

  4 to 10 will be described in detail. In order to create the machining data for turning, first, data on the final machining shape of the workpiece 14 (for example, the three-dimensional cam shown in FIGS. 1 to 3) ( That is, the design data of the workpiece 14 is read, and this data is read using a computer (final machining shape reading step S1 of the workpiece).

  Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the offset amount of the cutting edge of the cutting tool 32 is set, and the processing peripheral surface of the workpiece 14 is divided into first and second processing regions B1 and B2 as follows (first And a second processing region selection step S2). The sorting procedure of the first and second processing regions B1 and B2 is performed as follows. For easy understanding, the rake face 40 of the cutting tool 32 is a plane parallel to the X axis, and the flank face 46 is a plane parallel to the Y axis.

First, as shown in FIG. 7, the shape of the angular position shown in FIG. 7 of the workpiece 14 is P _0, and the coordinates Cp ₀ (x ₀ , y ₀₎ of the machining position Cp ₀ of the cutting edge of the cutting tool 32 at this time are set. )
X-axis coordinate value x ₀ = R ₀ cos θ ₀ (1)
Y axis coordinate value y ₀ = R ₀ sin θ ₀ (2)
Thus, this Y-axis coordinate value y ₀ coincides with the offset amount H of the cutting tool 32.

Next, a machining position Cp of the workpiece 14 is set for each predetermined rotation angle of the workpiece 14 (that is, a predetermined rotation angle of the main shaft). The predetermined rotation angle can be set to, for example, an angle of about 0.5 to 2 degrees, for example, an angle of 1 degree. When the rotation angle is 1 degree, the entire circumference of the workpiece 14 is set to 360. Will be divided. When the shape of the workpiece 14 when rotated to the angular position shown in FIG. 8, _{P n,} the coordinates _Cp n processing position Cp _n of the cutting edge of the cutting tool 32 at this time _{(x n, y} n) Is
X-axis coordinate value x _n = R _n cos θ _n (3)
Y axis coordinate value y _n = R _n sin θ _n (4)
It becomes.

  When the workpiece 14 is turned, the turning is generally performed with the number of revolutions of the spindle (that is, the chuck means 12 and the workpiece 14) being constant, and in such a turning, the workpiece is processed. The rotational angular velocity of the object 14 is constant. Further, the workpiece 14 is turned with the feeding speed of the cutting tool 32 in the Z-axis direction (direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIGS. 6 to 10) being constant.

  For this reason, when the non-circular workpiece 14 is turned, the amount of movement of the cutting tool 32 that varies depending on the final machining shape of the workpiece 14 is the X-axis direction of the cutting tool 32 (ie, the cutting tool 32). This is the direction of approaching and separating from the workpiece 14 and the direction indicated by arrows 24 and 26 (see FIG. 1). If the amount of moving speed and / or moving acceleration exceeds the performance of the lathe 2 itself, the workpiece 14 cannot be turned into the required non-circular shape.

For this reason, when a region in which the moving speed and / or moving acceleration of the cutting tool 32 is increased from the amount of movement in the X-axis direction of each rotational angle position of the workpiece 14 is as follows. In FIG. 9, when the main shaft (that is, the workpiece 14) rotates in the predetermined rotation direction indicated by the arrow 36, the division reference line M _n (M ₀ , M ₁ , The point where M ₂ ... Intersects the reference circle 48 whose radius is the offset amount H of the cutting edge of the cutting tool 32 is defined as a first intersection Q _n (Q ₀ , Q ₁ , Q ₂ ...) The tangent line L _n (L ₀ , L ₁ , L ₂ ...) Extending from the first intersection point Q _n (Q ₀ , Q ₁ , Q ₂ ...) To the cutting tool 32 side and the final machining shape of the workpiece 14. the point where the P intersects the second intersection point _{R n (R 0, R 1} , R 2 ···) If that, the processing position of the cutting edge of the cutting tool _{32 Cp n (Cp 0, Cp} 1, Cp 2 ···) The value of the X-axis coordinate is x _n (x ₀ , x ₁ , x ₂ ...), And the value of the Y-axis coordinate is y _n (y ₀ , y ₁ , y ₂ ), and the value x _n of the X-axis coordinate is the tangential distance D _n (| x _n |) (D ₀ , D ₁ , D ₂ ) between the first intersection Q _n and the second intersection R _n. The tangential distance D _n varies, but the value y _n of the y-axis coordinate is a constant value (y = offset amount H). In FIG. 9, for easy understanding, the workpiece 14 is divided into 18 in the circumferential direction, and the angular interval between the division reference lines M (M ₀ , M ₁ , M ₂ ...) Is 20 degrees. As shown.

As understood from FIG. 9, the coordinate value x _n (x ₀ , x ₁ , x ₂ ...) Of the X-axis coordinate indicates the cutting position of the cutting edge of the cutting tool 32, and the coordinate value of the X-axis coordinate. x _n of variation [Delta] x _n (i.e., the change amount [Delta] D _n tangent distance _{D n)} is
Change amount Δx _n = | x _n | − | x _n−1 | (5)
Change amount ΔD _n = D _n −D _n−1 (6)
The change amount Δx _n (ΔD _n ) is a positive value (Δx _n > 0) region, a negative value (Δx _n <0) region, and a zero (zero) region (Δx _n = 0). Exists. When the final processed shape of the workpiece 14 is the substantially egg-shaped shape P shown in FIG. 9, the change amount Δx _n is a positive value (Δx _{n) in} the region V in the range of 90 to 180 degrees in the XY coordinates of FIG. > 0), the change amount Δx _n is a negative value (Δx _n <0) in the region U in the range of 0 to 90 degrees, and the region W in the range of 180 to 360 degrees is the zero region (Δx _n = 0). It becomes.

In the region V where the change amount Δx _n is a positive value, as can be understood from FIG. 9, the workpiece 14 is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow 36 at a predetermined rotation angle (that is, a constant angular velocity). When the turning is performed, the turning region on the peripheral surface of the workpiece 14 is long, which indicates that the moving speed and / or the moving acceleration of the cutting tool 32 is increased, and this positive value region V ( In other words, the moving speed and / or moving acceleration of the cutting tool 32 may exceed the performance of the lathe 2 in a region where the tangential distance increases, and if a machining failure occurs during turning, this positive value region. V often.

On the other hand, in the region U where the amount of change Δx _n is negative, the workpiece 14 is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow 36 as can be easily understood by comparing with the positive region V in FIG. When turning with a predetermined rotation angle and turning, the turning region of the peripheral surface of the workpiece 14 is shorter than the positive region V, which means that the moving speed and moving acceleration of the cutting tool 32 are reduced. In this negative value region U (in other words, the region where the tangential distance decreases), the moving speed and the moving acceleration of the cutting tool 32 do not exceed the performance of the lathe 2, and the workpiece 14 is moved. It can be turned as required. Even in the region W where the amount of change Δx _n is zero, as is easily understood from FIG. 9, the workpiece 14 is turned by a predetermined rotation angle in the direction indicated by the arrow 36 to perform turning. In this case, the moving acceleration of the cutting tool 32 is constant and the moving speed is not large, and the moving speed and movement of the cutting tool 32 are also in this zero value area W (in other words, the tangential distance is constant and does not change). The acceleration does not exceed the performance of the lathe 2, and the workpiece 14 can be turned as required.

  Here, a case where the workpiece 14 is rotated in the direction opposite to the predetermined rotation direction (the direction indicated by the arrow 38) will be considered. In this case, the offset amount of the cutting tool 32 does not change, and the cutting tool 32 acts on the peripheral surface of the workpiece 14 from the opposite side to the case described above. In this case, the drawing corresponding to FIG. 9 is FIG. 10, and the contents of FIG. 10 can be drawn in the same manner as FIG.

In the XY coordinates of FIG. 10, this change amount Δx _n becomes a positive value (Δx _n > 0) in the region V ′ in the range of 0 to 90 degrees which was a negative value in FIG. 9, and a positive value in FIG. The change amount Δx _n is a negative value (Δx _n <0) in the region U ′ in the range of 90 to 180 degrees, and in the region W ′ in the range of 180 to 360 degrees that is zero in FIG. The change amount Δx _n is a zero value (Δx _n = 0) as it is.

In the region V ′ where the change amount Δx _n is a positive value, when the workpiece 14 is turned at a predetermined rotation angle (that is, a constant angular velocity) in the direction indicated by the arrow 38, the workpiece 14 is turned. The turning region of the peripheral surface of the workpiece 14 is long, which indicates that the moving speed and / or moving acceleration of the cutting tool 32 increases, and this positive value region V ′ (in other words, the tangential distance increases). The moving speed and / or moving acceleration of the cutting tool 32 may exceed the performance of the lathe 2.

On the other hand, in the region U ′ in which the change amount Δx _n is negative, the workpiece 14 is turned when the workpiece 14 is turned by a predetermined rotation angle in the direction indicated by the arrow 38. The turning area of the circumferential surface of the cutting tool 32 is shorter than the positive area V ′, which indicates that the moving speed and / or moving acceleration of the cutting tool 32 is reduced, and this negative value area U ′ (in other words, Then, the moving speed and the moving acceleration of the cutting tool 32 do not exceed the performance of the lathe 2 in a region where the tangential distance decreases, and this is caused by rotating in a predetermined direction (for example, the direction indicated by the arrow 36). For regions that are difficult to turn, it means that turning can be performed by rotating in a direction opposite to the predetermined rotation direction (for example, the direction indicated by arrow 38). Further, even in a region W 'of the value of the change amount [Delta] x _n is zero, when it is rotated with a predetermined rotational angle in the direction indicated by the workpiece 14 by the arrows 38 and turning, the moving speed of the cutting tool 32 The moving acceleration does not exceed the performance of the lathe 2.

  Summarizing the above (contents of FIG. 9 and FIG. 10), when the workpiece 14 is rotated in a predetermined rotation direction (the direction indicated by the arrow 36), as shown in FIG. Cutting can be performed as required for the region U in the range and the region W in the range of 180 to 360 degrees, but it is desirable to avoid cutting in the region V in the range of 90 to 180 degrees. When the workpiece 14 is rotated in the direction opposite to the predetermined rotation direction (the direction indicated by the arrow 38), as shown in FIG. 10, the region U ′ in the range of 90 to 180 degrees and the region in the range of 180 to 360 degrees. W ′ can be cut as required, but it is desirable to avoid cutting for the region V ′ in the range of 0 to 90 degrees.

  For this reason, in this processing method, as shown in FIG. 11, in the first processing region B1 including the region U in the range of 0 to 90 degrees, the workpiece 14 is rotated in a predetermined rotational direction (indicated by an arrow 36). And the cutting edge of the cutting tool 32 is turned from one side (right side in FIGS. 11 and 12) of the workpiece 14 to perform turning, while the region U ′ in the range of 90 to 180 degrees. For the second processing region B2 including the range, as shown in FIG. 12, the workpiece 14 is rotated in the direction opposite to the predetermined rotation direction (direction indicated by the arrow 38), and the cutting edge of the cutting tool 32 is processed. Turning is performed by acting from the other side of the workpiece 14 (left side in FIGS. 11 and 12), and the workpiece 14 is thus machined into a non-circular shape.

  In the region W (W ′) in the range of 180 to 360 degrees, the workpiece 14 is turned in a predetermined rotation direction, and the cutting edge of the cutting tool 32 is applied from one side of the workpiece 14 to perform turning. Alternatively, the workpiece 14 may be turned in a direction opposite to the predetermined rotation direction, and the cutting edge of the cutting tool 32 may be turned from the other side of the workpiece 14 to perform turning. In the embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, in consideration of the final processed shape of the workpiece 14, for example, the region W1 in the range of 270 to 360 degrees out of the region W (W ′) is the first. For example, the region W2 of 180 to 270 in the region W (W ′) is included in the second processing region B2 in the processing region B1.

  Returning to FIG. 4, after dividing the peripheral surface of the workpiece 14 into the first and second machining regions B1 and B2 so that the peripheral surface of the workpiece 14 can be turned into a required non-circular shape, First turning data for the first machining area B1 is created (first turning data creation step S3), and then second turning data for the second machining area B2 is created (of the second turning data). Creation step S4).

  In the first turning data creation step S3, as shown in FIG. 11, the first machining region B1, that is, the region of 0 to 90 degrees (region U) and the region of 270 to 360 degrees (region W1) are shown. Turning data is created so that the workpiece 14 is turned to the final machining shape, and the second machining area B2 (that is, an area of 90 to 270 degrees) is from the downstream end of the first machining area B1. An intermediate machining shape that has a smooth transition without affecting the final machining shape of the second machining area B2 at the upstream end (in other words, without turning beyond the final machining shape). For example, turning data is created so as to turn into a shape indicated by a solid line F in FIG.

  That is, in the first turning data creation step, the processed shape of the workpiece 14 is the final processed shape of the workpiece 14 for the first processing region B1, and the processed material 14 is the second processing region B2. The first turning data is created so as to have an intermediate machining shape (for example, a shape indicated by a solid line F).

  The first turning data can be created using the machining method disclosed in the specification and drawings of Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-218038 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-71381). Refer to JP2012-71381A. An outline of the procedure for creating the first turning data is as follows.

  Referring to FIG. 5, cutting is performed based on the shape data to be processed of workpiece 14 (the shape data that is the final processing shape for the first processing region B1 and the intermediate processing shape for the second processing region B2). A first intersection line between the rake face 40 of the tool 32 and the shape surface of the workpiece 14 is created (first intersection line creation step S3-1). This first intersection line can be represented by a spline curve, and a representative passing point or a coefficient representing the expression of the spline curve is obtained. When the spline curve X is obtained, point cloud data (xi, zi), i = 0, 1, 2,... (M−1) is obtained according to the NC lathe coordinate system. Is preferably further interpolated, and point cloud data synchronized with the spindle rotation speed and feed is generated by interpolation in this way.

  Next, on the spline curve X of the first intersection line obtained in the first intersection line creation step S3-1, a passing point considering the feed amount of the cutting tool 32 is newly created on the spline curve X (first). 1 tool locus point sequence creation step S3-2). At this time, due to the shape of the cutting tool 32, a portion that is excessively cut depending on the processing position is generated due to the influence of the radius of the cutting tool 32, so that the cutting tool 32 extends in the normal direction of the spline curve X on the rake face 40 of the cutting tool 32. The first reference point locus point sequence offset by the radius R of the first reference point locus point sequence is created (first reference point locus point sequence creation step S3-3). And the 1st locus | trajectory point sequence connection data are produced by connecting this 1st reference point locus | trajectory point sequence.

  Thereafter, the Z-axis for each predetermined rotation angle of the workpiece 14 based on the first trajectory point sequence connection data obtained by connecting the first reference point trajectory sequence generated in the first reference point trajectory sequence sequence S3-3. A first correction reference point locus point sequence in which the feed rate in the direction is constant is created (first correction reference point locus point sequence creation step S3-4). The interval of the first reference point locus point sequence is not constant, and the feed amount in the X-axis direction (that is, the cutting amount of the cutting tool 32) and the feed amount in the Z-axis direction during the machining of the workpiece 14 are changed to the main axis ( Although it is necessary to control the position according to the rotation angle of the workpiece 14), when the correction reference point locus point sequence is created so that the feed speed in the Z-axis direction for each predetermined rotation angle of the workpiece 14 is constant, The position of the feed amount in the X-axis direction (that is, the cut amount of the cutting tool 32) may be controlled, and the follow-up control becomes easy.

  First correction trajectory point sequence concatenation data (in other words, the first correction reference point trajectory sequence is obtained by connecting the first correction reference point trajectory sequence generated in the first correction reference point trajectory sequence sequence S3-4. Based on the connected spline curve), a feed amount in the X-axis direction for each predetermined rotation angle of the spindle (that is, the workpiece 14) is calculated, and a predetermined feed amount in the Z-axis direction and a calculated feed amount in the X-axis direction are calculated. Based on the above, the first turning data is completed.

  After creating the first turning data including the first machining area B1 as described above, the second turning data including the second machining area B2 is subsequently created. In the second turning data creation step S4, as shown in FIG. 12, the second machining region B2, that is, the region of 90 to 180 degrees (region U ′) and the region of 180 to 270 degrees (region W2) are used. Turning data is created so as to turn to the final machining shape of the workpiece 14, and the first machining area B1 (that is, an area of 0 to 90 degrees and an area of 270 to 360 degrees) From the downstream end of the second processing region B2 to the upstream end thereof, the final processing shape of the first processing region B1 is not affected (in other words, the processed portion can be further turned. This second turning, in which the turning data is created so that the cutting tool 32 moves without machining along a virtual machining shape that moves smoothly, for example, the shape indicated by the solid line F ′ in FIG. Processing data The creation procedure is performed in the same manner as the first turning data creation procedure described above. The “first intersection line creation step” in the first turning data creation procedure is referred to as the “second intersection line creation step”. The “first intersection point” is the “second intersection line”, the “first tool locus point sequence creation step” is the “second tool locus point sequence creation step”, and the “first reference point locus point sequence” is “ The “second reference point locus point sequence”, its “first reference point locus point sequence creation step” as “second reference point locus point sequence creation step”, and its “first locus point sequence connection data” as “second”. The “trajectory point sequence concatenated data”, its “first correction reference point trajectory point sequence” as “second correction reference point trajectory point sequence”, and its “first correction reference point trajectory sequence” as “second correction”. “Reference point trajectory point sequence creation step”, “first correction trajectory point sequence concatenated data” as “second correction trajectory point sequence concatenated data” and its “first turning process” Over data "and may be read as" the second turning data ".

  As described above, after the first and second turning data are created, the first and second turning data are combined (the first and second turning data combining step S5), and in this way. Turning data for turning the workpiece 14 is created. Then, the turning data created in this way is inputted to the controller of the lathe 2 from a computer (not shown), and at the time of such input, a command necessary for turning is added, and thus NC machining is performed. Data is created (NC machining data creation step S6), and the created NC machining data is registered in the memory of the controller.

  When turning using the NC machining data created in this way, first, the first machining area B1 is turned (at this time, the second machining area B2 is turned into an intermediate machining shape). Then, the turning process of the second machining area B2 is performed (at this time, the turning process is not performed at all for the first machining area B1). When processing the first processing region B1, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 11, the workpiece 14 is rotated at a predetermined rotational speed in a predetermined rotational direction (direction indicated by an arrow 36), and the cutting edge of the cutting tool 32 is It acts on the workpiece 14 from one side of the workpiece 14 (the right side in FIGS. 11 and 12), and the first machining area B1 of the workpiece 14 is turned so as to have a final machining shape. The machining region B2 is turned so as to have an intermediate machining shape F. When processing the second processing region B2, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 12, the workpiece 14 is rotated at a predetermined rotational speed in a direction opposite to the predetermined rotational direction (the direction indicated by the arrow 38), and cutting is performed. The cutting edge of the tool 32 acts on the workpiece 14 from the other side of the workpiece 14 (left side in FIGS. 11 and 12), and the second machining region B2 of the workpiece 14 is turned so as to have a final machining shape. (At this time, the first processing region B1 is not cut). In this way, the workpiece 14 can be processed into a predetermined non-circular shape by turning with the lathe 2, and the moving speed and / or moving acceleration of the cutting tool 32 may increase during the turning process. Thus, the workpiece 14 can be processed with high accuracy.

  Such a non-circular machining method can be applied to turning a workpiece into various non-circular shapes, and for example, can be applied to the case of machining into the shapes shown in FIGS. 13 and 14. it can. In the following description, members that are substantially the same as those in the above-described embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

In the case of machining into the shape shown in FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 as well, the moving speed and / or moving acceleration of the cutting tool is determined from the amount of movement of each rotational angle position of the workpiece 52 in the X-axis direction in the same manner as described above. A region to be enlarged is searched and divided into first and second processing regions. In FIG. 13, when the main shaft (that is, the workpiece 52) rotates in the predetermined rotation direction indicated by the arrow 54, the division reference line M _n (M ₀ , M ₁ , M) for each predetermined rotation angle of the workpiece 52. The point where M ₂ ... Intersects the reference circle 48 whose radius is the offset amount H of the cutting edge of the cutting tool 32 is defined as a first intersection Q _n (Q ₀ , Q ₁ , Q ₂ ...) The tangent line L _n (L ₀ , L ₁ , L ₂ ...) Extending from the first intersection point Q _n (Q ₀ , Q ₁ , Q ₂ ...) To the cutting tool 32 side and the final machining shape of the workpiece 52. the point where the P intersects the second intersection point _{R n (R 0, R 1} , R 2 ···) If that, the processing position of the cutting edge of the cutting tool _{32 Cp n (Cp 0, Cp} 1, Cp 2 ···) The value of the X-axis coordinate is x _n (x ₀ , x ₁ , x ₂ ...), And the value of the Y-axis coordinate is y _n (y ₀ , y ₁ , y ₂ · · ·) becomes, X amount of change in coordinate values _{x n} of axis coordinates [Delta] x _n at this time (i.e., the [Delta] D _n) variation of the tangential distance _{D n,} may be considered in the same manner as described above.

In the shape shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, for example, in the region V1 in the range of 90 to 150 degrees and the region V2 in the range of 210 to 290 degrees, the amount of change Δx _n is a positive value (Δx _n > 0). in the region U2 regions U1 and 150 to 210 degrees in the range of 0 to 90 ° range, the amount of change [Delta] x _n is a negative value (Δx _n <0), and the coverage area W is zero in the 290 to 360 degrees Region (Δx _n = 0).

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 14, when the main shaft (that is, the workpiece 52) rotates in the direction opposite to the predetermined rotation direction indicated by the arrow 56, the division reference line M for each predetermined rotation angle of the workpiece 52. _n (M ₀ , M ₁ , M ₂ ...) and a reference circle 48 whose radius is the offset amount H of the cutting edge of the cutting tool 32 are defined as first intersection points Q _n (Q ₀ , Q ₁ , Q _2). )) And a tangent line L _n (L ₀ , L ₁ , L ₂ ...) Extending from the first intersection point Q _n (Q ₀ , Q ₁ , Q ₂ ...) To the cutting tool 32 side. When the point where the final machining shape P of the workpiece 52 intersect second intersection _{R n (R 0, R 1} , R 2 ···), the processing position of the cutting edge of the cutting tool 32 _Cp n _(Cp 0, _{Cp 1} , Cp ₂ ... X-axis coordinate value is x _n (x ₀ , x ₁ , x ₂ ...), And the X-axis seat at this time The amount of change in coordinate values x _n of characteristic [Delta] x n _(i.e., [Delta] D n the amount of change in the tangential distance D _n) and may be considered in the same manner as described above.

In this case, for example, in the 'region V2 in the range of and 150 to 210 degrees' region V1 in the range of 0 to 90 degrees, the amount of change [Delta] x _n is a positive value (Δx _n> 0), and the 90 to 150 in every range of the region U1 of 'and 210 to 290 degrees in the range of areas U2', the amount of change [Delta] x _n is a negative value (Δx _n <0), and the 290-360 ° range area W 'is zero in Region (Δx _n = 0).

For this reason, when this machining method is applied to the workpiece 52 having the final machining shape shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, turning is performed by the cutting tool 32 when rotating in the direction indicated by the arrow 54. The first machining region (not shown) is a region where the change amount Δx _n becomes a negative value Δx _n <0 when rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow 54 (that is, a region in the range of 0 to 90 degrees). U2 and a region U2 in the range of 150 to 210 degrees), and a second machining region (not shown) to which turning is performed when rotating in the direction indicated by arrow 56 is in the direction indicated by arrow 56. Including regions where the amount of change Δx _n is negative (Δx _n <0) when rotated (ie, a region U1 ′ in the range of 90 to 150 degrees and a region U2 ′ in the range of 210 to 290 degrees). , The remaining region (that is, in the range of 290 to 360 degrees where the change Δx _n is zero) The region W) is included in the first processing region or the second processing region, or a part thereof (portion following the region U1) is included in the first processing region as described above. The remaining portion (portion following the region V2) may be included in the second processing region.

  In this way, when the peripheral surface of the workpiece 52 is divided into the first machining area and the second machining area, and the first machining area described above is machined, the workpiece 52 is set to a predetermined shape as shown in FIG. While rotating in the rotation direction (direction shown by the arrow 54), the cutting tool 32 is acted from one side (the right side in FIGS. 13 and 14) of the workpiece 52 to perform the machining so as to have a final machining shape (this) When the second machining area is processed, the workpiece 52 is rotated by a predetermined amount as shown in FIG. 14 when the second machining area is processed. While rotating in the direction opposite to the direction (the direction indicated by the arrow 56), the cutting tool 32 is applied from the other side of the workpiece 52 (left side in FIGS. 13 and 14) so as to obtain a final machining shape. Perform (At this time, the first machining area For, the cutting tool 32 will not be turning by), can this way be turning of the workpiece 52 the required non-circular.

  Although the embodiment of the non-circular machining method according to the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and various modifications and corrections can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the workpiece 14 (52) is rotated in a predetermined rotation direction to process the first processing region B1 (at this time, the second processing region B2 is processed into an intermediate processing shape). Then, the workpiece 14 (52) is rotated in the direction opposite to the predetermined rotation direction to process the second processing region B2, but on the contrary, the workpiece 14 (52) Is rotated in the direction opposite to the predetermined rotation direction to process the second processing region B2 (at this time, the first processing region B1 is processed into an intermediate processing shape), and then the workpiece 14 (52) The first processing region B1 may be processed by rotating in a predetermined rotational direction.

  Further, as a lathe for applying this non-circular machining method, the one shown in FIG. 15 can be used, and various types of lathes can be considered. In FIG. 15, in the lathe 2A of this embodiment, the main shaft is rotatably supported by the main shaft portion 10A of the bed body, and a workpiece 14A is mounted on the main shaft via the chuck means 12A. Although not shown, a movable table is supported on the bed body via a first support mechanism so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction (axial direction of the main shaft), and the tool table is supported on the movable table via a second support mechanism. 22A is supported to be movable in the X-axis direction (direction substantially perpendicular to the Z-axis direction), and a tool unit 30A is attached to the tool table 22A. The tool unit 30A includes a cutting tool 32A, and the cutting tool 32A extends upward toward the workpiece 14A. A tool drive source (not shown) is built in the tool unit 30A, and is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow 62 by the tool drive source.

  In this lathe 2A, the tool unit 30A is disposed below the workpiece 14A. In this connection, the cutting edge of the cutting tool 32A is offset downward in the vertical direction, and thus the vertical direction. This non-circular machining method can be applied in the same manner as described above even when offset downward. In this case, when the workpiece 14A is rotated and processed in the direction indicated by the arrow 64 (clockwise in FIG. 15), the tool unit 30A is positioned as indicated by the solid line in FIG. Machining is performed by acting from one side (right side in FIG. 15) of the workpiece 14A. At this time, for example, the first machining area of the workpiece 14A is turned as described above, and the workpiece 14A is indicated by an arrow 66. When turning and machining in the direction shown (counterclockwise in FIG. 15), the tool unit 30A is positioned as shown by a one-dot chain line in FIG. 15, and the cutting tool 32A is located on the other side of the workpiece 14A (FIG. 15). In this case, for example, the second machining area of the workpiece 14A is turned as described above.

2,2A Lathe 10 Spindle part 14, 52, 14A Workpiece 16 Moving table 22, 22A Tool table 30, 3A Tool unit 32, 32A Cutting tool B1 First machining area B2 Second machining area

Claims (6)

A spindle having chuck means for holding the workpiece, a tool table to which a cutting tool for cutting the workpiece is attached, and either the spindle or the tool table are attached to them. A first support mechanism for supporting the other in a relatively movable manner in the first linear direction, and either the main shaft or the tool table in the first linear direction with respect to the other of them. A lathe provided with a second support mechanism for movably supporting in a second linear direction substantially perpendicular to the cutting tool, wherein the cutting edge of the cutting tool is positioned in a vertical direction with respect to the central axis of the main shaft A non-circular machining method by turning that performs non-circular machining by acting on the workpiece at a machining position offset by a predetermined distance upward or downward,
The machining peripheral surface of the workpiece is divided into a first machining area and a second machining area, and when machining the first machining area of the workpiece, the spindle is rotated in a predetermined rotation direction, When the cutting edge of the cutting tool is applied to the first machining area from one side of the workpiece to cut it into a predetermined shape, and when the second machining area of the workpiece is machined, the main shaft is moved to the predetermined area. Non-rotating by turning, characterized in that it is rotated in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation, and the cutting edge of the cutting tool is applied to the second machining area from the other side of the workpiece to be cut into a predetermined shape. Circular machining method.   The cutting edge section of the cutting tool is circular, and when the first machining area of the workpiece is cut, the cutting tool is rotated in a predetermined direction, and the second machining area of the workpiece is 2. The non-circular machining method by turning according to claim 1, wherein when cutting the workpiece, the cutting tool is rotated in the predetermined direction or in a direction opposite to the predetermined direction.   When the workpiece is rotated at a constant rotation speed in a predetermined rotation direction, the moving speed of the cutting tool at the machining position of the workpiece, with reference to the final machining shape of the workpiece, and When the area where the movement acceleration is small is the first machining area, the area where the moving speed and / or movement acceleration of the cutting tool is large is the second machining area, and when the first machining area is cut, the spindle is 3. The turning according to claim 1, wherein the main shaft is rotated in a direction opposite to the predetermined rotation direction when turning in the predetermined rotation direction and cutting the second machining region. Non-circular processing method.   Assuming a plurality of divided reference lines extending radially at predetermined angles around the rotation center of the workpiece, a reference circle having a radius of the predetermined distance where the cutting edge of the cutting tool is offset in the vertical direction Assuming, a first intersection point where each of the plurality of division reference lines and the reference circle intersect, a second intersection point where a tangent line extending from the first intersection point toward the cutting tool and a final machining shape of the workpiece intersect The area where the tangent distance decreases when the workpiece rotates in the predetermined rotation direction is the first processing area, and the area where the tangential distance increases is the second The non-circular machining method by turning according to claim 3, wherein the machining area is a machining area.   The region where the tangential distance does not change when the workpiece is rotated in the predetermined rotation direction is the first processing region and / or the second processing region, and when included in the first processing region, When the main shaft is rotated in the predetermined rotation direction, it is cut into a predetermined shape by the cutting tool, and when included in the second processing region, the main shaft is rotated in a direction opposite to the predetermined rotation direction. 5. The non-circular machining method by turning according to claim 4, wherein the cutting tool cuts into a predetermined shape with the cutting tool. A final shape reading step of reading first and second final machining shape data corresponding to final machining shapes of the first and second machining regions of the workpiece; and the first and second machining regions of the workpiece. An intersecting line creating step of creating first and second intersecting lines between the rake face of the cutting tool and the final machining shape of the first and second machining regions of the workpiece at each predetermined rotation angle; The cutting tool considering the feed amount of the cutting tool on the first and second spline curves corresponding to the first and second intersecting lines related to the first and second machining regions created in the intersecting line creating step. A tool trajectory point sequence creating step for creating first and second trajectory point sequences, and the first and second tool trajectory point sequences created in the trajectory point sequence creating step based on the first and second tool trajectory point sequences. Create first and second trajectory point sequences of second movement reference points Based on the reference point locus point sequence creation step and the first and second locus point sequence connection data obtained by connecting the first and second reference point locus point sequences created in the reference point locus point sequence creation step. A turning data creating step of creating first and second turning data by calculating feed amounts in the first and second linear directions for each predetermined rotation angle of the workpiece; A non-circular machining method by turning according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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