JP2014143938A - Floating tank - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a floating tank which: protects larval fish from concentrating in a portion of the floating tank; enables sufficient oxygen to be supplied to all the larval fish cultured inside the floating tank; can keep water temperature low by increasing the quantity of water; and prevents a burden due to an increase in the quantity of water from being placed on the larval fish.SOLUTION: A floating tank 1 includes a hatching and cultivating chamber 10A in which a water flow is formed upward from below, within a body frame 10. In the hatching and cultivating chamber 10A, there are arranged in layers a plurality of cultivating plates 2 vertically separating the hatching and cultivating chamber 10A at set intervals and cultivating larval fish thereon. In the cultivating plate 2, there are arranged at intervals one or a plurality of passing openings 20 allowing the larval fish to pass therethrough and in which the water flow is formed.

Description

  The present invention relates to a flotation tank used for hatching and larval management in the growth of salmon and trout.

  In breeding operations such as salmon and trout, the management of hatched larvae until they emerge is generally carried out using fish ponds or levitation tanks. The fish pond is a relatively large-scale facility constructed with concrete materials, and civil engineering materials such as gravel are used for the larvae floor. On the other hand, the levitation tank is a relatively simple aquarium facility that does not require a large space like a fish pond, and can be installed indoors or outdoors, and can perform larval fish management intensively. Have advantages. In recent years, the efficiency of salmon and trout breeding operations has been demanded, and from this viewpoint, floating tanks that can perform intensive larval management have been reviewed.

  The conventional levitation tank is a rectangular water tank made of synthetic resin, metal plate, wood board, etc., divided into three rooms: a water supply room, a hatching growth room, and a drainage room. The hatching growth chamber and the drainage chamber are partitioned by a drainage-side partition plate, and water that overflows the partition plate flows into the drainage chamber.

  Such a levitation tank increases the water pressure of the water supply chamber by continuously supplying water for hatching to the water supply chamber, filling the hatching growth chamber with water through the lower side of the water supply side partition plate, and then continuing the water supply. Then, a continuous upward flow of the service water is always generated in the hatching growth chamber, and the upper end of the drainage side partition plate is allowed to overflow so that the water in the hatching growth chamber is sequentially converted to the drainage chamber. Then, an egg receiving basin having a mesh is provided in the hatching breeding chamber, and the fertilized eggs accommodated in the upper side of the egg receiving basin are placed in the irrigation water in the hatching breeding chamber maintained in the above-mentioned water exchange state. The embryo develops, hatches through the eye, and the hatched larvae fall out of the eyes of the egg receiving basin and enter the breeding floor (such as net ring) installed on the lower net and spend the rest period.

  The hatched larvae grow by ingesting internal nutrition (yolk sac) in the breeding floor, and after the resting period, they enter the fry stage that requires intake of external nutrition. When the fry stage begins, the raising floor material in the hatching and raising room is taken up, and the fry that inhabit the raising floor material is forcibly transferred to the hatching and raising room and the fry is raised (see Patent Document 1 below).

Utility Model Registration No. 3150213

  In the management of larvae performed in the levitation tank, it is important not to give excessive stimulation to the larvae and to keep the larvae from consuming excessive internal nutrients in the yolk sac through unnecessary exercise, Furthermore, it is required to supply sufficient oxygen to the larvae while ensuring its importance.

  In a conventional levitation tank, oxygen is supplied to the larvae that are lurking in the growth floor material by forming an upward flow from the bottom to the top in the growth floor material (such as a net ring) in the hatching growth room. In such a conventional levitation tank, hatched larvae are lined up for oxygen supply with their heads facing upstream (downward) against the flow of water, and a water flow containing sufficient oxygen is secured. The larvae will be crowded in a good environment. For this reason, the lower layer of the breeding floor becomes a dense zone of larvae, the flow of water supplied from under the breeding floor becomes worse, and there arises a problem that larvae that cannot sufficiently obtain oxygen are generated.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the temperature of the water which flows through the raising floor material of a levitation tank is low temperature. If the water temperature rises, the movement of the larvae will become active and useless energy will be consumed, so that the internal nutrients in the yolk sac will be excessively consumed, and it will be easy to cause growth defects. To keep the water temperature low, you can increase the amount of water, but if you increase the amount of water in the conventional levitation tank, the larvae will always be swimming so that they will not be washed away, which also consumes unnecessary energy. It becomes easy to cause deficiency of growth. In order to solve this problem, there is a need for a breeding bed structure that does not burden the larvae even when the amount of water used is increased. Simply trying to support the larvae with the mesh size of the breeding floor will cause the fish to pierce the mesh and block the flow of water, leading to oxygen deficiency.

  Salmon and trout natural fish are all born and raised in river water, but fish grows on the spot, instinctively learning the smell of river water from the time they were born from eggs, and when they grow up to their parents, There is a habit of returning to the same river. In salmon and trout breeding, during the egg season, fish season, and breeding season, the water used during the egg season may be either well water or river water, but when well water is used during the fish season, it smells different from river water The odor required for the return does not develop soundly, and there is a possibility of producing lost fish. For this reason, it is desirable to use river water not only in the breeding season but also in the fish farming season. However, in conventional levitation tanks, clogging of dust contained in river water becomes a problem, and only well water can be used as water. It is. If you can develop a floating tank that does not cause the problem of clogging even when using river water containing dust, you can develop the olfaction required for regression soundly and contribute to the improvement of the regression rate. Can do.

  Moreover, in the conventional levitation tank, the larvae in the breeding material are lined up with the head toward the upstream side with respect to the flow of water from the bottom to the top, so the posture of the larva is in a vertical state with the head down. . However, since larvae grown in nature do not maintain such a posture, there is a concern that the maintenance of this posture may adversely affect the growth of larvae managed in the levitation tank.

  The present invention aims to address such problems, prevents the larvae from concentrating in a part of the levitation tank, and supplies sufficient oxygen to all larvae grown in the levitation tank. It is possible to keep the temperature of the water low by increasing the amount of water used, to prevent the larvae from being burdened when the amount of water increases, and when using river water Dust clogging is less likely to occur, and the use of river water can contribute to the improvement of the regression rate by developing the odor of larvae in a healthy manner, keeping the posture of the larvae grown in the levitation tank in a natural state The object of the present invention is to promote healthy growth of larvae.

In order to achieve such an object, the levitation tank according to the present invention has at least the following configuration.
A floating tank provided with a hatching growth chamber in which a water flow is formed in the main body frame from below to above. The hatching growth chamber is divided into a hatching growth chamber vertically at set intervals on a plate. A plurality of breeding plates for nurturing larvae are arranged in layers, and the breeding plate has one or more passage openings through which larvae can pass and water flow is formed. A characteristic levitation tank.

  The present invention having such a feature prevents the larvae from being concentrated in a part of the levitation tank by dispersing the larvae on the laid rearing plates, and is applied to all larvae grown in the levitation tank. Sufficient oxygen supply can be performed. In addition, since the amount of water can be increased through the relatively large diameter passage, the water temperature can be kept low, and the larvae on the breeding plate are not directly subjected to the resistance of the water flowing through the passage. When the amount of water increases, the larvae are not overburdened.

  In addition, since water is allowed to flow through a relatively large diameter passage, dust clogging hardly occurs even when river water is used. Thereby, by using river water, the smell of a larva can be developed soundly and it can contribute to the improvement of a regression rate. Furthermore, by growing the larvae on a flat breeding plate, the posture of the larvae grown in the levitation tank can be maintained in a natural state, and healthy growth of the larvae can be promoted.

It is explanatory drawing which showed the whole structure of the levitation tank which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which showed the other example of the form of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which showed the other example of the form of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which showed the other example of the form of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the overall structure of a floating tank according to an embodiment of the present invention. The levitation tank 1 includes a hatching growth chamber 10A in which a water flow is formed in the main body frame 10 from below to above. In the illustrated example, the hatching and growing chamber 10A is a space in which the inside of the main body frame 10 is divided by a wall 11, a drainage chamber 10B is formed outside the wall 11, and a drainage stand 12 is detachable in the drainage chamber 10B. Is erected.

  The hatching and growing room 10A is a space for hatching fertilized eggs and growing hatched larvae. An incubator (not shown) is arranged in the upper part of the hatching growth chamber 10A. In this hatching growth chamber 10A, a plurality of growth plates 2 are stacked. Moreover, the lower surface net board 3 is arrange | positioned under the growth board 2, and 10 C of water supply chambers are formed in the downward direction.

  The breeding plate 2 is formed of a flat plate material, and partitions the hatching and growing chamber 10A vertically at set intervals. On the plate of this growth board 2, it becomes a breeding space where a larva can grow up in a natural posture. The growth plate 2 is preferably formed with small holes as a whole that cannot allow the larvae to pass through but can ensure the flow of water.

  And in the breeding board 2, the passage port 20 which can pass a larva and the flow of water is formed is arrange | positioned one or more at intervals. The passage port 20 has a considerably large diameter as compared with the small holes formed in the entire growth plate 2, and a sufficient amount of water can be flowed by increasing the amount of water from below.

  A wall portion 21 that suppresses the fall of the larvae is erected around the passage opening 20. This wall portion 21 suppresses the larvae from easily falling downward, and when a certain amount of overlap (2 to 3 fish) occurs, the upper larva gets over the wall portion 21 and passes through the passage opening 20. It is high enough to pass through. By making the height of the wall 21 freely adjustable, the amount of movement of the larvae can be adjusted.

  Further, the passage ports 20 formed in the pair of growth plates 2 facing each other are arranged at different plane positions. As a result, the larvae that have passed through the passage opening 20 in one growth plate 2 are prevented from continuously falling to the lower growth plate 2. However, when a plurality of passage openings 20 are provided, a part of them may form a bypass route that can be moved directly to the lower growth plate 2 with the upper and lower positions coincided. Such a bypass route is effective for evenly arranging the larvae on the lower growth plate 2 when the growth plates 2 are arranged in multiple layers.

  The function of the levitation tank 1 having such characteristics will be described. Water is supplied from a water supply port 13A of the water supply pipe 13 to a water supply chamber 10C formed in the lowermost layer of the main body frame 10. The water supplied to the water supply chamber 10C is filled into the hatching growth chamber 10A through the lower net plate 3, and the water overflowing over the wall 11 is stored in the drainage chamber 10B and overflows to the upper end of the drainage standpipe 12. Water enters the drainage vertical pipe 12 and is drained through the water distribution pipe 14.

  The flow of water in the hatching and growing chamber 10 </ b> A is mainly formed by the flow of water passing through the large-diameter passage port 20. A large amount of water passing from the lower side through the passage port 20 hits the lower surface of the growth plate 2 thereabove, and partly passes through the small holes and further passes through the upper passage port 20 and goes upward. By changing the planar positions of the upper and lower passage ports 20, the water flows through the maze.

  The larvae that have emerged from the incubator placed in the upper part of the hatching and growing room 10A fall on the upper breeding plate 2, but some larvae fall through the passage port 20 to the lower breeding plate 2. The other larvae will spend on the breeding board 2. As the density of the upper growth plate 2 increases, the amount of larvae that sequentially fall to the lower growth plate 2 through the passage port 20 increases. Larvae will be housed. Further, as described above, the flow of water in the hatching growth chamber 10A passes through the labyrinth by the arrangement of the passage opening 20, so that the larvae also move randomly by the flow of water, and the growth plate 2 of each layer has The larvae will be distributed at an approximately equal rate. Thus, according to the levitation tank 1, it is possible to avoid the concentration of larvae in a part of the hatching and growing room 10A, and the entire larvae in the hatching and growing room 10A can sufficiently take in oxygen. Become.

  Moreover, the larva spending on the plate of the breeding board 2 maintains a natural posture, and further, since it does not directly receive a large amount of water flowing through the passage opening 20, it does not consume excessive energy. . As a result, it is possible to avoid the disadvantage that the larvae consume unnecessary energy and excessively consume internal nutrients in the yolk sac, thereby causing growth defects. In addition, since a large amount of water can flow through the passage port 20 without any burden on the larvae, the water temperature can be kept low, and this can also suppress unnecessary energy consumption of the larvae.

  If the hole diameter of the lower surface net plate 3 is reduced, dust and the like are likely to be clogged, and the amount of water is often reduced. For this reason, in the embodiment of the present invention, the clogging of dust is eliminated by increasing the hole diameter of the lower surface net plate 3 so that the larvae can pass through. At this time, the amount of water at the passage port 20 is increased and the passage of the larvae is blocked by the amount of water at the timing when all the larvae have arrived at predetermined positions on the breeding plate 2. By adjusting the amount of water in this way, the larvae cannot be moved between the breeding plates 2 and the larvae cannot reach the bottom net plate 3, so that the larvae in the hatching growth chamber 10A are placed on the plates of the respective breeding plates 2. Stop and grow healthy. Since the grown fish becomes large, it cannot pass through the hole of the lower net plate 3. The fish that grows in this way is a fish that moves around in search of food, etc. after its body is almost complete. The action at that time moves up through the passage opening 20. In this state, the fish cultivation stage using the levitation tank 1 is completed.

  FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, a cylindrical hatching growth chamber 10A is formed in a main body frame not shown. The illustrated example is a cylindrical shape, but is not limited thereto, and may be a rectangular tube shape. One or more cylindrical hatching and growing chambers 10A are arranged in the main body frame. The basic configuration of this embodiment is the same as that of the above-described embodiment, and the water supplied from the water supply pipe 13 into the hatching and growing room 10A forms a water flow from the lower side to the upper side, and from the water distribution pipe 14 provided at the upper part. Drained. In this embodiment, an enlarged diameter portion 10A1 having a tapered diameter is formed in the upper part of the hatching growth chamber 10A, and this enlarged diameter portion 10A1 functions as an incubator that accommodates a fertilized egg.

  In the hatching growth chamber 10A, a disc-like growth plate 2 (a rectangular plate shape when the hatching growth chamber 10A is a rectangular tube shape) is laminated and arranged, and the incubation growth chamber 10A is set by a plurality of the growth plates 2 at a set interval. It is divided up and down. The growth plate 2 includes an overall small hole and a passage opening 20 as in the above-described embodiment. Here, the passage opening 20 is a notch hole portion 20a formed from the center portion toward the outer peripheral direction, and a wall portion 21a is provided around the periphery thereof. Further, the passage ports 20 formed in the pair of upper and lower growth plates 2 facing each other are arranged at different plane positions. In the illustrated example, the passage openings 20 formed in the pair of facing growth plates 2 facing each other are arranged with a predetermined angle (for example, 90 °) shifted.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the same function as the above-described levitation tank 1 can be obtained.

  3 and 4 are explanatory views showing other embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 3 shows constituent members in the hatching growth chamber, and FIG. 4 shows a use state of the entire configuration. The basic configuration of this embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and parts having the same function are denoted by the same reference numerals and redundant description is omitted. As shown in FIG. 3, the structural members in the hatching and growing chamber 10 </ b> A are an incubator 4, a plurality of growing plates 2, and a lower surface net plate 3. In this embodiment, a stabilization plate 22 that suppresses the movement of larvae is erected on the upper surface of the growth plate 2. In addition, a partition plate 23 is provided on the upper surface of the growth plate 2 to partition the upper surface into a plurality of areas. Then, the incubator 4 disposed in the upper part of the hatching growth chamber 10A is partitioned on the partition plate 23 of the growth plate 2 by the partition wall 4A.

  The stabilizing plate 22 formed on the upper surface of the breeding plate 2 has a height equal to or lower than the height of the wall portion 21 formed around the passage opening 20, and the movement of the larvae on the growing plate 2. It has a function to suppress. By providing this stabilizing plate 22, even when the amount of water is increased, the resistance of the water flow received by the larvae is reduced, and unnecessary energy consumption of the larvae can be suppressed. In addition, since the larva has a habit of hiding the body in a place where it is difficult to receive water resistance, the stabilizing plate 22 is distributed and arranged in a plurality of directions so as to disperse the place where the larva settles on the growing plate 2. be able to.

  The partition plate 23 is formed higher than the height of the wall portion 21 and the stabilization plate 22, and restricts large movement of the larvae on the breeding plate 2. It is necessary to provide at least one passage port 20 in the area on the growth plate 2 partitioned by the partition plate 23. By raising the partition plate 23 to some extent, the inside of the hatching growth chamber 10A can be completely divided. And by providing the partition wall 4A in the hatching device 4 in accordance with the partitioning divided by the partition plate 23, it is possible to make independent divisional areas from hatching to growing in one hatching growing room 10A. By dividing the inside of the hatching and growing room 10A in this way, it is possible to test and produce different types of fish under certain conditions in one hatching and growing room 10A.

  FIG. 4 shows an example in which the hatching and growing room 10A is divided into four areas A, B, C, and D. By making the fertilized eggs F1, F2, F3, and F4 accommodated in the divided areas of the incubator 4 different types and different test sections, it becomes possible to perform multi-product production or multi-product test under a certain condition. In the example shown in the figure, the larvae hatched in each area in the hatcher 4 fall on the growth plate 2 directly below and grow on the growth plates 2 of each layer within the range partitioned by the partition plate 23. Become.

  Moreover, the form example shown in FIG. 4 is provided with the flowing water amount control means 5 which controls the flowing water amount in 10 A of hatching growth chambers. The flowing water amount control means 5 is used when restricting the movement of larvae between different growth plates 2 by increasing the amount of water flowing through the passage port 20 as described above.

  As described above, by increasing the hole diameter of the lower surface net plate 3, river water can be used as water without causing a decrease in the amount of water due to dust clogging. Dust that has passed through the lower surface net plate 3 may block the small holes in the lowermost growth plate 2, but even if the small holes are blocked, a sufficient amount of dust passes through the relatively large diameter passage opening 20. Water can flow. By using river water, the odor of larvae during the fish cultivation period can be developed soundly, so that the regression rate can be increased and the productivity in breeding can be improved.

  As described above, the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments, and the design can be changed without departing from the scope of the present invention. Is included in the present invention. In addition, the above-described embodiments can be combined by utilizing each other's technology as long as there is no particular contradiction or problem in the purpose and configuration. In particular, the wall portion 21, the stabilization plate 22, and the partition plate 23 provided on the growth plate 2 can be omitted entirely or selectively by appropriately adjusting the amount of flowing water in the hatching growth chamber 10A.

1: floating tank, 2: growth plate, 3: bottom net plate,
4: Incubator, 5: Flow rate control means,
10: body frame, 10A: hatching growth room, 10B: drainage room, 10C: water supply room,
20: Passage, 21: Wall, 22: Stabilizing plate, 23: Partition plate

In order to achieve such an object, the levitation tank according to the present invention has at least the following configuration.
A floating tank provided with a hatching growth chamber in which a water flow is formed in the main body frame from below to above. The hatching growth chamber is divided into a hatching growth chamber vertically at set intervals on a plate. A plurality of breeding plates for growing larvae are arranged in layers, and the growth plate has one or more passage openings through which the larvae can pass and water flow is formed, with a gap between them, A levitation tank characterized in that a wall portion that suppresses the fall of larvae is erected around the passage opening .

Claims (8)

A floating tank provided with a hatching growth chamber in which a water flow is formed from below to above in the main body frame,
In the hatching and growing room, a plurality of breeding plates that divide the hatching and growing room up and down at set intervals and grow larvae on the plate are stacked and arranged,
The levitation tank, wherein the breeding plate has one or more passage openings through which larvae can pass and a flow of water is formed.   The levitation tank according to claim 1, wherein a wall portion that suppresses the fall of the larvae is erected around the passage opening.   The levitation tank according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the passage ports formed in the pair of growth plates facing each other are arranged at different plane positions.   The levitation tank according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the growth plate is formed with a small hole through which a larva cannot pass but a flow of water can be secured.   The levitation tank according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a stabilizing plate for suppressing movement of larvae is provided on an upper surface of the growing plate.   The levitation tank according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a partition plate for partitioning the upper surface into a plurality of areas is provided on the upper surface of the growth plate.   The levitation tank according to claim 6, further comprising an incubator disposed at an upper portion of the hatching and growing room, wherein the incubator is partitioned on the partition plate.   The levitation tank according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a flow rate control means for controlling a flow rate of the hatching and growing chamber.