JP2014142686A - Energy management apparatus and energy management system - Google Patents

Energy management apparatus and energy management system Download PDF

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JP2014142686A
JP2014142686A JP2013009057A JP2013009057A JP2014142686A JP 2014142686 A JP2014142686 A JP 2014142686A JP 2013009057 A JP2013009057 A JP 2013009057A JP 2013009057 A JP2013009057 A JP 2013009057A JP 2014142686 A JP2014142686 A JP 2014142686A
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heat load
building
power consumption
load
air
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JP5943255B2 (en
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Tetsuo Miyamoto
哲郎 宮本
Hiroyuki Watanabe
浩之 渡邊
Hironari Kikuchi
宏成 菊池
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Hitachi Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/46—Improving electric energy efficiency or saving
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
    • F24F11/52—Indication arrangements, e.g. displays
    • F24F11/523—Indication arrangements, e.g. displays for displaying temperature data
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To appropriately estimate energy demand in a building at low cost by making it possible to accurately estimate internal heat load on each equipment and human bodies in a building.SOLUTION: An energy management apparatus comprises: acquisition means (transmission/reception function) for acquiring information about load currents on pieces of air conditioning equipment, 41a to 41n, installed in a building and about weather conditions in the area where the building is constructed; an external heat load calculation part 11d configured to calculate load of external heat flowing inside from outside the building, by using the acquired weather condition information; and an internal heat load estimating part 11b configured to estimate air-conditioning heat load, which is heat loads on the pieces of air conditioning equipment, 41a to 41n, from the acquired load currents and, from the difference between this air-conditioning heat load and the calculated external heat load, internal heat load (=heat load on indoor equipment + heat load on human body) except the air-conditioning load in the building.

Description

本発明は、建築物内のエネルギー消費量を推定して効率的なエネルギー管理を行うエネルギー管理装置及びエネルギー管理システムに関する。   The present invention relates to an energy management apparatus and an energy management system that perform efficient energy management by estimating energy consumption in a building.

近年、業務用ビルや商業用ビル等の建築物内においてエネルギー管理システム(ＥＭＳ：Energy Management System)が導入されるようになっている。ＥＭＳは、建築物（例えばビル）内における空調設備、照明設備、防災設備、防犯設備等の建築設備を対象とし、各種センサ、メータにより室内環境やエネルギー消費の状況、各設備機器の運転状況等を監視し、各設備機器の最適な運転管理や制御を行うものとして知られている。   In recent years, an energy management system (EMS) has been introduced in buildings such as commercial buildings and commercial buildings. EMS targets building equipment such as air conditioning equipment, lighting equipment, disaster prevention equipment, and crime prevention equipment in buildings (for example, buildings). Various sensors and meters are used to check the indoor environment, energy consumption, and operating status of each equipment. It is known to perform optimal operation management and control of each equipment.

また、近年では地球環境への配慮から省エネルギー（省エネとも略す）の重要性と共にＥＭＳによるエネルギー管理の重要性が高まっている。
例えば、特許文献１において、ビルの施設内の様々な設備機器のエネルギーデータや運転状況を収集してリアルタイムにモニタリングし、或いは履歴からエネルギー消費傾向を解析して表示することで、エネルギー管理を効果的に行う方法が提案されている。 In recent years, the importance of energy management by EMS has been increasing along with the importance of energy saving (also abbreviated as energy saving) in consideration of the global environment.
For example, in Patent Document 1, energy data and operation status of various equipment in a building facility are collected and monitored in real time, or energy consumption trends are analyzed and displayed from the history, thereby achieving energy management. Have been proposed.

一方、特許文献２には、室内環境や空調機器の熱負荷を物理モデルに基いて計算し、空調負荷の見積り、空調システムの設計等に利用する室内環境・空調シミュレーション（非特許文献参照）を用い、効率的な空調制御を行う方法が提案されている。
更に、特許文献２には、気象条件の情報や室内環境の測定値と空調機器の運用スケジュールに基き、数時間〜１日のシミュレーションを実行することにより、エネルギー消費、快適性、コスト等の評価を行い、管理者の運用スケジュール策定を支援する方法が記載されている。この方法によれば、快適性と、省エネ及び省コスト性とを両立した制御が可能となっている。 On the other hand, in Patent Document 2, the indoor environment and air conditioning simulation (refer to non-patent documents) used for calculating the indoor environment and the heat load of the air conditioning equipment based on the physical model, and estimating the air conditioning load, designing the air conditioning system, and the like. A method for performing efficient air-conditioning control has been proposed.
Furthermore, Patent Document 2 describes evaluation of energy consumption, comfort, cost, etc. by executing a simulation for several hours to one day based on information on weather conditions, measured values of the indoor environment, and operation schedule of the air conditioner. And how to support managers in formulating operational schedules. According to this method, it is possible to perform control that achieves both comfort, energy saving, and cost saving.

特開２０１１−２４８５６８号公報JP 2011-248568 A 特開２０１１−１４１０９２号公報JP 2011-141092 A 空気調和・衛生工学会「空気調和・衛生工学便覧第１４版」ｐ４４３−ｐ４６９Air Conditioning and Sanitary Engineering "Air Conditioning and Sanitary Engineering Handbook 14th Edition" p443-p469

しかし、特許文献２の方法で空調機器の制御を行う場合、室内環境・空調負荷シミュレーションを精度良く行うには、シミュレーションを行うコンピュータに、内部熱負荷を正しく設定することが必要である。照明装置やＯＡ(Office Automation)機器等の室内機器は大きな熱負荷を発生するが、これらの熱負荷を精度良く同定するには、特許文献１にあるようなＥＭＳにより、室内の各機器の稼働状況や消費電力を計測して把握することが必要である。しかし、室内の各機器の稼働状況や消費電力を全て個別に計測することは、高価格の電力計等が多数必要であることから大幅なコスト高となって実現が困難であるという問題がある。
このため、一般的にはビル全体の電力消費のみを電力計で計測する構成となっている。やや付加価値の高いビルでも、フロア毎に電力計を備えて電力消費を計測するに留まる構成となっている。 However, when controlling the air conditioning equipment by the method of Patent Document 2, in order to accurately perform the indoor environment / air conditioning load simulation, it is necessary to correctly set the internal heat load in the computer that performs the simulation. Indoor devices such as lighting devices and OA (Office Automation) devices generate a large heat load. To accurately identify these heat loads, the operation of each device in the room is performed by EMS as disclosed in Patent Document 1. It is necessary to measure and grasp the situation and power consumption. However, individually measuring the operating status and power consumption of each device in the room is problematic because it requires a large number of high-priced power meters and so on, resulting in a significant increase in cost. .
For this reason, in general, only the power consumption of the entire building is measured with a power meter. Even buildings with slightly high added value are configured to have a power meter on each floor to measure power consumption.

また、一般的な事務所ビルの場合、室内機器の発熱量と同程度に在室者の人体熱負荷が大きな影響を与えるが、人体熱負荷は直接計測する手段がないという問題がある。
近年、セキュリティー上の理由から導入される入退室管理システム等と組み合わせて人体熱負荷を推定する方法もあるが、やはりコストが高い。また、入退室管理システムは何処の施設でも導入するような物ではないため、特に大規模なビル管理システム等を導入することが無い中小規模のビルでは、人体熱負荷を同定することが困難であるという問題がある。
これら問題のため、建築物内のエネルギー需要予測を行う場合、低コストで適正に行うことができないという問題があった。 Further, in the case of a general office building, the human thermal load of the occupant has a great influence on the same extent as the heat generated by the indoor equipment, but there is a problem that there is no means for directly measuring the human thermal load.
In recent years, there is a method for estimating the human thermal load in combination with an entrance / exit management system introduced for security reasons, but the cost is still high. In addition, since the entrance / exit management system is not something that can be installed at any facility, it is difficult to identify human thermal load, especially in small and medium-sized buildings that do not introduce large-scale building management systems. There is a problem that there is.
Because of these problems, there is a problem that when the energy demand prediction in the building is performed, it cannot be performed properly at a low cost.

本発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、建築物内の各機器や人体等の内部熱負荷を低コストで精度良く推定することを可能として建築物内のエネルギー需要予測を低コストで適正に行うことができるエネルギー管理装置及びエネルギー管理システムを提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is possible to accurately estimate the internal heat load of each device, human body, etc. in the building at a low cost and predict the energy demand in the building. An object of the present invention is to provide an energy management device and an energy management system that can be appropriately performed at low cost.

上記課題を解決するために、本発明は、建築物に設置された空調機器の負荷電流と、当該建築物の建立地域の気象条件の情報とを取得する取得手段と、前記取得された気象条件の情報を用いて前記建築物の外部から内部へ流入する外部熱負荷を計算する外部熱負荷計算部と、前記取得された空調機器の負荷電流から当該空調機器の熱負荷である空調熱負荷を推定し、この空調熱負荷と前記計算された外部熱負荷との差分から前記建築物の内部における当該空調熱負荷を除く内部熱負荷を推定する内部熱負荷推定部とを備えるようにした。   In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an acquisition means for acquiring a load current of an air conditioner installed in a building and information on weather conditions of a building area of the building, and the acquired weather conditions The external heat load calculation unit that calculates the external heat load flowing into the building from the outside using the information of the building, and the air conditioning heat load that is the heat load of the air conditioner from the acquired load current of the air conditioner And an internal heat load estimating unit for estimating an internal heat load excluding the air condition heat load in the building from the difference between the air condition heat load and the calculated external heat load.

本発明によれば、建築物内の各機器や人体等の内部熱負荷を低コストで精度良く推定することを可能として建築物内のエネルギー需要予測を低コストで適正に行うことができるエネルギー管理装置及びエネルギー管理システムを提供することができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to accurately estimate the internal heat load of each device or human body in a building at low cost and accurately predict energy demand in the building at low cost. An apparatus and energy management system can be provided.

本発明の実施形態に係るエネルギー管理システムの構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the energy management system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本実施形態のエネルギー管理システムにおけるエネルギー管理装置の構成例を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the energy management apparatus in the energy management system of this embodiment. ビル内の一事務室において室内環境に影響を与える代表的な熱負荷を示すビル事務室部分の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the building office part which shows the typical heat load which affects an indoor environment in one office room in a building. エネルギー管理装置で推定される内部熱負荷及び外部熱負荷、空調熱負荷の一例を表すグラフ図である。It is a graph showing an example of the internal heat load estimated with an energy management apparatus, an external heat load, and an air-conditioning heat load. エネルギー管理装置で求められる内部熱負荷（推定値）、室内機器消費電力（計測値）及び人体熱負荷（推定値）の一例を表すグラフ図である。It is a graph showing an example of the internal thermal load (estimated value) calculated | required with an energy management apparatus, indoor apparatus power consumption (measured value), and a human body thermal load (estimated value). 室内機器消費電力の変動パターン例を表すグラフ図である。It is a graph showing the example of a fluctuation pattern of indoor apparatus power consumption. 室内の人体熱負荷の変動パターン例を表すグラフ図である。It is a graph showing the example of a fluctuation pattern of a human body heat load in a room. エネルギー管理装置で求められるエネルギー需要予測結果と、現在の各種消費電力の変動とを併せて表わすグラフ図である。It is a graph which represents the energy demand prediction result calculated | required with an energy management apparatus, and the fluctuation | variation of various current power consumption collectively. エネルギー管理システムによりビルのエネルギー需要予測を行う動作を説明するための第１フローチャートである。It is a 1st flowchart for demonstrating the operation | movement which performs the energy demand prediction of a building by an energy management system. エネルギー管理システムによりビルのエネルギー需要予測を行う動作を説明するための第２フローチャートである。It is a 2nd flowchart for demonstrating the operation | movement which performs the energy demand prediction of a building by an energy management system.

以下、本発明の実施形態を、図面を参照して説明する。
＜実施形態の構成＞
図１は、本発明の実施形態に係るエネルギー管理システム１０の構成を示すブロック図である。
エネルギー管理システム１０は、建築物（例えばビル）内の空調機器、照明器具やＯＡ機器等の室内機器や人体等の熱負荷を低コストで精度良く推定して、ビル内のエネルギー需要予測を適切に行うものである。このエネルギー管理システム１０は、エネルギー管理装置１１と、エネルギー管理装置１１にローカルネットワーク１２を介して接続された電力計測装置１３及び空調機器コントローラ１４と、エネルギー管理装置１１に公衆ネットワーク１５を介して接続された気象情報提供装置１６とを備えて構成されている。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
<Configuration of Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an energy management system 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The energy management system 10 accurately estimates the thermal load of indoor equipment such as air conditioners, lighting fixtures and office automation equipment and human bodies in buildings (for example, buildings) at a low cost, and appropriately predicts the energy demand in the building. To do. This energy management system 10 is connected to an energy management device 11, a power measuring device 13 and an air conditioner controller 14 connected to the energy management device 11 via a local network 12, and connected to the energy management device 11 via a public network 15. The meteorological information providing device 16 is provided.

電力計測装置１３は、ビル内の配電盤３１に設置されており、少なくともビル全体の電器設備の消費電力（ビル全体消費電力）を計測する。この計測されたビル全体消費電力値である電力計測データは、ローカルネットワーク１２を介してエネルギー管理装置１１へ送信されるようになっている。   The power measuring device 13 is installed on the switchboard 31 in the building, and measures at least the power consumption (electric power consumption of the entire building) of the electrical equipment of the entire building. The power measurement data that is the measured power consumption value of the entire building is transmitted to the energy management apparatus 11 via the local network 12.

空調機器コントローラ１４は、ｎ（ｎは自然数）台の空調機器４１ａ〜４１ｎが接続されており、各空調機器４１ａ〜４１ｎの運転状況の情報である空調機器運用データを取得して、ローカルネットワーク１２を介してエネルギー管理装置１１へ送信する。但し、運転状況の情報とは、各空調機器４１ａ〜４１ｎの動作情報としての負荷電流や、空調時の吸引及び排出空気の各温度等の計測値を含む情報である。但し、動作情報は、負荷電流の他に、各空調機器４１ａ〜４１ｎにおけるモータ回転速度等の動作に係る情報を含む。   The air conditioner controller 14 is connected to n (n is a natural number) air conditioners 41 a to 41 n, acquires air conditioner operation data that is information on the operating status of each of the air conditioners 41 a to 41 n, and the local network 12. Is transmitted to the energy management apparatus 11. However, the operation status information is information including measurement values such as load current as operation information of each of the air conditioners 41a to 41n and temperatures of suction and exhaust air during air conditioning. However, the operation information includes information related to the operation such as the motor rotation speed in each of the air conditioners 41a to 41n in addition to the load current.

但し、各空調機器４１ａ〜４１ｎは、室外機と室内機とを組み合わせたパッケージ空調機であるとする。従って、１台目の空調機器４１ａは、空調機器コントローラ１４に接続された室外機４２と、この室外機４２に接続された複数の室内機４２ａ，４２ｂ…４２ｎとを備えて構成されている。ｎ台目の空調機器４１ｎも同様に、空調機器コントローラ１４に接続された室外機４３と、この室外機４３に接続された複数の室内機４３ａ，４３ｂ…４３ｎとを備えて構成されている。
なお、パッケージ空調機は、室外機４２（又は４３）及び各室内機４２ａ〜４２ｍ（又は４３ａ〜４３ｍ）の双方で冷暖房を行うための冷凍サイクルが構成されており、図示せぬ圧縮器、蒸発器、凝縮器、送風機等をその双方に適時組み込んだユニットとなっている。 However, it is assumed that each of the air conditioners 41a to 41n is a packaged air conditioner in which an outdoor unit and an indoor unit are combined. Accordingly, the first air conditioner 41a includes an outdoor unit 42 connected to the air conditioner controller 14 and a plurality of indoor units 42a, 42b,... 42n connected to the outdoor unit 42. Similarly, the nth air conditioner 41n includes an outdoor unit 43 connected to the air conditioner controller 14 and a plurality of indoor units 43a, 43b,... 43n connected to the outdoor unit 43.
The packaged air conditioner is configured with a refrigeration cycle for performing cooling and heating in both the outdoor unit 42 (or 43) and each of the indoor units 42a to 42m (or 43a to 43m). It is a unit that incorporates an air conditioner, a condenser, a blower, etc. in both of them.

気象情報提供装置１６は、気象会社等に備えられており、上記ビルの建立地域で計測される外気の気温、湿度、風速、日射量等の気象データや、気象予報士等の操作によるコンピュータで予測された気象予報データを、公衆ネットワーク１５を介してエネルギー管理装置１１へ送信する。
エネルギー管理装置１１は、エネルギー需要予測部１１ａと、内部熱負荷推定部１１ｂと、運用データベース部１１ｃと、外部熱負荷計算部１１ｄとを備えて構成されている。 The meteorological information providing device 16 is provided in a weather company or the like, and is a computer operated by a weather forecaster or the like, weather data such as outside air temperature, humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation measured in the building area. The predicted weather forecast data is transmitted to the energy management apparatus 11 via the public network 15.
The energy management apparatus 11 includes an energy demand prediction unit 11a, an internal heat load estimation unit 11b, an operation database unit 11c, and an external heat load calculation unit 11d.

運用データベース部１１ｃは、電力計測装置１３から受信した電力計測データと、空調機器コントローラ１４から受信した空調機器運用データと、気象情報提供装置１６から受信した気象条件の情報である気象データ及び気象予報データとを、その計測日時や予め定められた日時毎に記憶して蓄積する。但し、各データの受信は、エネルギー管理装置１１の図示せぬデータ及び信号の送受信機能（取得手段）により行われる。
外部熱負荷計算部１１ｄは、後述のようにビルの室外から室内に流入する外部熱負荷の計算を行う。内部熱負荷推定部１１ｂは、後述のようにビルの室内の内部熱負荷の推定を行う。外部熱負荷の計算には幾つかの方法があるが、本例では熱負荷シミュレーションを利用した計算を行い、この際、内部熱負荷の推定も実施するようになっている。 The operation database unit 11 c includes power measurement data received from the power measurement device 13, air conditioning device operation data received from the air conditioning device controller 14, weather data and weather forecasts that are weather condition information received from the weather information providing device 16. Data is stored and stored for each measurement date and time and for each predetermined date and time. However, each data is received by a data and signal transmission / reception function (acquisition means) (not shown) of the energy management apparatus 11.
The external heat load calculation unit 11d calculates the external heat load flowing into the room from the outside of the building as will be described later. The internal heat load estimation unit 11b estimates the internal heat load in the building interior as will be described later. There are several methods for calculating the external heat load. In this example, calculation using a heat load simulation is performed, and at this time, the internal heat load is also estimated.

このような構成のエネルギー管理装置１１は、図２に示すようにＣＰＵ(Central Processing Unit)１０１ａ、ＲＯＭ(Read Only Memory)１０１ｂ、ＲＡＭ(Random Access Memory)１０１ｃ、運用データベース部１１ｃが構築される記憶装置(HDD：Hard Disk Drive等)１０１ｄを備え、これら１０１ａ〜１０１ｄがバス１０２に接続された一般的な構成となっている。このような構成において、例えばＣＰＵ１０１ａがＲＯＭ１０１ｂに書き込まれたプログラム１０１ｆを実行して、後述するエネルギー管理装置１１の各処理制御を実現するようになっている。   As shown in FIG. 2, the energy management apparatus 11 having such a configuration includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 101a, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 101b, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 101c, and a storage in which an operation database unit 11c is constructed. A device (HDD: Hard Disk Drive or the like) 101 d is provided, and these devices 101 a to 101 d are connected to the bus 102. In such a configuration, for example, the CPU 101a executes the program 101f written in the ROM 101b, thereby realizing each process control of the energy management apparatus 11 described later.

図３はビル内の一事務室１１０において室内環境に影響を与える代表的な熱負荷を示すビル事務室部分の断面図である。
事務室１１０において、１１１はビル外に面したガラス窓、１１２は外壁、１１３は内壁、１１４は床（又は下の階の天井）、１１５は空調機器の室内機、１１６は照明機器、１１７はＯＡ機器等の各種電気機器である事務機器、１１８は在室者である。但し、室内機１１５は、図１に示した各室内機４２ａ〜４２ｍ，４３ａ〜４３ｍの何れかであるとする。なお、符号１２０で太陽を示している。 FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a building office portion showing a typical heat load that affects the indoor environment in one office room 110 in the building.
In the office room 110, 111 is a glass window facing the outside of the building, 112 is an outer wall, 113 is an inner wall, 114 is a floor (or a ceiling on a lower floor), 115 is an indoor unit of an air conditioner, 116 is a lighting device, and 117 is Office equipment 118, which is various electrical equipment such as OA equipment, is a resident. However, the indoor unit 115 is assumed to be any of the indoor units 42a to 42m and 43a to 43m shown in FIG. Reference numeral 120 indicates the sun.

また、矢印ＱＥＷは外壁１１２から事務室１１０に入り込む熱負荷（外壁熱負荷）、矢印ＱＳＲはガラス窓１１１から事務室１１０に射し込む日射の熱負荷（日射熱負荷）、矢印ＱＧはガラス窓１１１から熱伝達で事務室１１０に入り込む熱負荷（窓熱伝達熱負荷）、矢印ＱＩＮＦは換気や隙間風により事務室１１０に入り込む熱負荷（換気隙間風熱負荷）、矢印ＱＩＷは内壁１１３や床（又は下の階の天井）１１４から事務室１１０に入り込む熱負荷（内壁床熱負荷）、矢印ＱＥは事務室１１０内の照明機器１１６や事務機器１１７から発生する熱負荷（室内機器熱負荷）、矢印ＱＨは事務室１１０内の在室者１１８から発生する人体熱負荷、矢印ＱＡＣは室内機１１５から発生する空調熱負荷である。
なお、図３において、ドット（黒丸）の横に示す符号θＯは外気温度、θＲＳは事務室１１０の室内温度、θＡは事務室１１０の上下左右に隣接する室内の隣室温度、ＳＡＴ(Sol-air temperature)は相当外気温度を表している。 The arrow Q EW heat load entering from the outer wall 112 to the office 110 (outer wall thermal load), the arrow Q SR thermal load solar radiation shine in the office 110 from the glass window 111 (solar heat load), the arrow Q G Glass heat load entering the office 110 through the window 111 in the heat transfer (Madonetsu transfer thermal load), the arrow Q INF ventilation and heat load entering the office 110 by the draft (ventilation draft heat load), the arrow Q IW an inner wall 113 and floor (or lower floors ceilings) heat load entering from 114 to office 110 (inner wall bed thermal load), the arrow Q E is the heat load generated from the lighting device 116 and office equipment 117 office 110 (room equipment thermal load), the arrow Q H is body heat load generated from the occupants 118 office 110, arrow Q AC is the air conditioning heat load generated from the indoor unit 115.
In FIG. 3, the symbol θ O shown next to the dot (black circle) is the outside air temperature, θ RS is the room temperature of the office room 110, θ A is the adjacent room temperature of the room adjacent to the top, bottom, left, and right of the office room 110, SAT ( Sol-air temperature) represents a considerable outside air temperature.

熱負荷シミュレーションでは、各矢印で示した各熱負荷ＱＥＷ，ＱＳＲ，ＱＧ，ＱＩＮＦ，ＱＩＷ，ＱＥ，ＱＨ，ＱＡＣの要素を基に、所定時刻間隔で、気象条件（外気温度、湿度、風速、日射量等）、建築物緒元（壁、ガラス等）及び空調機器の運転条件（室温設定、風量等）の情報に基き計算を行うことで、室内の熱負荷環境や空調熱負荷の変化等を求めることができる。なお、各熱負荷ＱＥＷ，ＱＳＲ，ＱＧ，ＱＩＮＦ，ＱＩＷ，ＱＥ，ＱＨ，ＱＡＣの算出方法は、前述した非特許文献等に記載されている周知の方法なのでここでは説明を省略する。 In the thermal load simulation, based on the elements of the thermal loads Q EW , Q SR , Q G , Q INF , Q IW , Q E , Q H , Q AC indicated by the arrows, weather conditions ( Indoor heat load environment by performing calculations based on information on outside air temperature, humidity, wind speed, solar radiation, etc.), building specifications (walls, glass, etc.) and air conditioner operating conditions (room temperature settings, air volume, etc.) And changes in the air-conditioning heat load. Note that the calculation method of each thermal load Q EW , Q SR , Q G , Q INF , Q IW , Q E , Q H , and Q AC is a well-known method described in the above-mentioned non-patent literature and the like here. Description is omitted.

但し、本例のビルにおける建築物緒元のデータは、ガラス窓１１１や内外壁１１２，１１３、ドア等の隙間や断熱状態、コンクリート厚、窓のサイズや向き（方位）、建築物自体の方位等であり、これら建築物緒元データが、運用データベース部１１ｃに予め記憶されているものとする。   However, the data of the building specifications in the building of this example includes the glass window 111, the inner and outer walls 112 and 113, the gap between the doors and the heat insulation state, the concrete thickness, the size and direction (orientation) of the window, and the direction of the building itself. It is assumed that the building specification data is stored in advance in the operation database unit 11c.

また、各熱負荷ＱＥＷ，ＱＳＲ，ＱＧ，ＱＩＮＦ，ＱＩＷ，ＱＥ，ＱＨ，ＱＡＣの内、室内機器熱負荷ＱＥ、人体熱負荷ＱＨ、及び空調熱負荷ＱＡＣが事務室１１０内部の内部熱負荷であり、これ以外の熱負荷、即ち外壁熱負荷ＱＥＷ、日射熱負荷ＱＳＲ、窓熱伝達熱負荷ＱＧ、換気隙間風熱負荷ＱＩＮＦ、内壁床熱負荷ＱＩＷが事務室１１０の外部からの外部熱負荷に相当する。但し、以降の説明では、内部熱負荷は、空調熱負荷ＱＡＣを除く、室内機器熱負荷ＱＥ及び人体熱負荷ＱＨの双方であるとする。空調熱負荷ＱＡＣは、空調機器コントローラ１４による負荷電流等の計測値から消費電力を求めることで実測値として取得できるので、単独で用いる。 Of the thermal loads Q EW , Q SR , Q G , Q INF , Q IW , Q E , Q H , Q AC , the indoor equipment thermal load Q E , the human body thermal load Q H , and the air conditioning thermal load Q AC Is the internal heat load in the office 110, and other heat loads, that is, the outer wall heat load Q EW , the solar heat load Q SR , the window heat transfer heat load Q G , the ventilation gap wind heat load Q INF , and the inner wall floor heat The load Q IW corresponds to an external heat load from the outside of the office room 110. However, in the following description, internal heat loads, except for the air conditioning heat load Q AC, and a both indoor equipment heat load Q E and the body heat load Q H. Air conditioning heat load Q AC, so can be acquired as measured values by calculating the power consumption from the measured values such as load currents air conditioner controller 14, used alone.

ここで、熱負荷シミュレーションを行う際に、事務室１１０における空調が適正に行われ、室内環境が一定条件に維持されていると仮定すると、図３にも記載した次式（１）が成立する。
ＱＥＷ＋ＱＳＲ＋ＱＧ＋ＱＩＮＦ＋ＱＩＷ＋ＱＥ＋ＱＨ＋ＱＡＣ＝０ …（１）
ここで、空調熱負荷ＱＡＣは、外部熱負荷（ＱＥＷ＋ＱＳＲ＋ＱＧ＋ＱＩＮＦ＋ＱＩＷ）＋内部負荷熱（ＱＥ＋ＱＨ）と等しいことから、ＱＡＣ−（ＱＥＷ＋ＱＳＲ＋ＱＧ＋ＱＩＮＦ＋ＱＩＷ）の計算によって、（ＱＥ＋ＱＨ）＝内部熱負荷を算出する次式（２）が得られる。
ＱＥ＋ＱＨ＝ＱＡＣ−（ＱＥＷ＋ＱＳＲ＋ＱＧ＋ＱＩＮＦ＋ＱＩＷ） …（２） Here, when performing the thermal load simulation, assuming that the air-conditioning in the office room 110 is properly performed and the indoor environment is maintained at a certain condition, the following expression (1) described in FIG. .
Q EW + Q SR + Q G + Q INF + Q IW + Q E + Q H + Q AC = 0 (1)
Here, the air-conditioning heat load Q AC is the equal to the external heat load (Q EW + Q SR + Q G + Q INF + Q IW) + internal load heat (Q E + Q H), Q AC - (Q EW + Q SR + Q G By calculating + Q INF + Q IW ), the following equation (2) for calculating (Q E + Q H ) = internal heat load is obtained.
Q E + Q H = Q AC - (Q EW + Q SR + Q G + Q INF + Q IW) ... (2)

図１に示す外部熱負荷計算部１１ｄは、ビルの全室について予め定められた時間毎に、運用データベース部１１ｃに記憶された気象条件である気象データと、建築物緒元データに基いて、上述した周知の方法で外部熱負荷（ＱＥＷ＋ＱＳＲ＋ＱＧ＋ＱＩＮＦ＋ＱＩＷ）を計算する。但し、外部熱負荷計算部１１ｄによって、今後（未来）の日時における外部熱負荷（ＱＥＷ＋ＱＳＲ＋ＱＧ＋ＱＩＮＦ＋ＱＩＷ）の計算を行う場合は、気象条件として気象データに代え、気象予報データを使用する。 The external heat load calculation unit 11d shown in FIG. 1 is based on weather data that is a weather condition stored in the operation database unit 11c and building specification data at every predetermined time for all rooms in the building. The external heat load (Q EW + Q SR + Q G + Q INF + Q IW ) is calculated by the well-known method described above. However, when the external heat load calculation unit 11d calculates the external heat load (Q EW + Q SR + Q G + Q INF + Q IW ) at the future (future) date and time, the weather forecast data is used instead of the weather data as the weather condition. Is used.

内部熱負荷推定部１１ｂは、運用データベース部１１ｃに記憶された空調機器運用データにおける空調機器４１ａ〜４１ｎの負荷電流値等を用いて空調機器消費電力を求めることで、実測値として空調熱負荷ＱＡＣを求める。更に、内部熱負荷推定部１１ｂは、その空調熱負荷ＱＡＣと、外部熱負荷計算部１１ｄで計算された外部熱負荷（ＱＥＷ＋ＱＳＲ＋ＱＧ＋ＱＩＮＦ＋ＱＩＷ）とを、上式（２）に当て嵌めることにより、室内機器熱負荷ＱＥ＋人体熱負荷ＱＨの内部熱負荷を求める推定を行う。 The internal heat load estimation unit 11b obtains the air conditioner power consumption using the load current values of the air conditioners 41a to 41n in the air conditioner operation data stored in the operation database unit 11c, so that the air conditioner heat load Q as an actual measurement value is obtained. Find AC . Further, internal heat load estimating unit 11b, and the air conditioning heat load Q AC, an external heat load calculated by the external heat load calculator 11d (Q EW + Q SR + Q G + Q INF + Q IW), the above equation (2 ) To estimate the internal heat load of the indoor equipment heat load Q E + human body heat load Q H.

このように推定される内部熱負荷及び外部熱負荷、空調熱負荷ＱＡＣの一例を図４にグラフで表す。図４は横軸に１日の時間（０時〜２４時）を表し、縦軸にＰ０〜Ｐ９で均等割りした熱負荷（ｋｗ）を表しており、この横軸と縦軸において、空調熱負荷（計測値）をグラフ１０１で表し、外壁熱負荷（計算値）をグラフ１０２で、内部熱負荷（推定値）をグラフ１０３で表している。 Thus estimated internal heat load and the external heat load, represents an example of the air-conditioning heat load Q AC graphically in Figure 4. In FIG. 4, the horizontal axis represents the time of the day (0 to 24:00), the vertical axis represents the heat load (kw) divided equally by P0 to P9, and the horizontal axis and the vertical axis represent the air conditioning heat. The load (measured value) is represented by a graph 101, the outer wall thermal load (calculated value) is represented by a graph 102, and the internal thermal load (estimated value) is represented by a graph 103.

これら熱負荷１０１〜１０３の関係は次式（３）のようになっている。
空調熱負荷１０１−外部熱負荷１０２＝内部熱負荷１０３ …（３）
従って、内部熱負荷推定部１１ｂは、運用データベース部１１ｃに蓄積された所定期間、例えば０時から２４時までの１日の期間における電力計測データによるビル全体消費電力から、実計測に応じた空調機器消費電力を減算して、室内機器消費電力（＝室内機器熱負荷ＱＥ）を求める。この計算は下式（４）で表される。
ビル全体消費電力−空調熱負荷１０１＝室内機器消費電力 …（４）
この式（４）の室内機器消費電力は、図１に示す電力計測装置１３による実計測値のビル全体消費電力及び空調熱負荷１０１から得られるので、計測値でもある。
なお、空調機器消費電力は、実計測値がなければ、空調熱負荷ＱＡＣを空調機器の成績係数（ＣＯＰ）で除算して求めることもできる。 The relationship between these thermal loads 101 to 103 is expressed by the following equation (3).
Air-conditioning heat load 101-external heat load 102 = internal heat load 103 (3)
Therefore, the internal heat load estimation unit 11b performs air conditioning according to actual measurement from the entire building power consumption based on the power measurement data in a predetermined period accumulated in the operation database unit 11c, for example, one day period from 0:00 to 24:00. The device power consumption is subtracted to determine the indoor device power consumption (= indoor device heat load Q E ). This calculation is expressed by the following formula (4).
Whole building power consumption-Air conditioning heat load 101 = Indoor equipment power consumption (4)
The indoor device power consumption of the formula (4) is also a measured value because it is obtained from the entire building power consumption and the air conditioning heat load 101 of the actual measured values by the power measuring device 13 shown in FIG.
Incidentally, the air-conditioning equipment power consumption, if there is no actual measurement value may be determined by dividing the air conditioning heat load Q AC in the coefficient of performance of air conditioners (COP).

ここで、室内機器消費電力＝室内機器熱負荷ＱＥなので、ＱＥを既知とすると、上式（２）から、直接求めることが困難な人体熱負荷ＱＨを下式（５）のように求めることができる。
ＱＨ＝ＱＡＣ−（ＱＥＷ＋ＱＳＲ＋ＱＧ＋ＱＩＮＦ＋ＱＩＷ）−ＱＥ …（５）
図５に一例として、上式（５）により求められる人体熱負荷（推定値）ＱＨのグラフ１０５を、上式（３）による内部熱負荷（推定値）１０３と、上式（４）で表した室内機器消費電力（計測値）１０４と共に表わす。但し、図５は縦軸が熱負荷（ｋＷ）、横軸が時刻である。 Here, since indoor equipment power consumption = indoor equipment heat load Q E , if Q E is known, the human body heat load Q H that is difficult to obtain directly from the above equation (2) is expressed by the following equation (5). Can be sought.
Q H = Q AC - (Q EW + Q SR + Q G + Q INF + Q IW) -Q E ... (5)
As an example in FIG. 5, a graph 105 of the human thermal load (estimated value) Q H obtained by the above equation (5) is represented by the internal thermal load (estimated value) 103 by the above equation (3) and the above equation (4). It is shown together with the indoor equipment power consumption (measurement value) 104 shown. However, in FIG. 5, the vertical axis represents the heat load (kW), and the horizontal axis represents the time.

これら熱負荷１０３，１０５及び室内機器消費電力１０４の関係は、上式（５）と等価な下式（５ａ）で表される。
内部熱負荷１０３−室内機器消費電力１０４＝人体熱負荷１０５ …（５ａ）
このように求められる室内機器消費電力１０４（＝室内機器熱負荷ＱＥ）と人体熱負荷ＱＨは、運用データベース部１１ｃに、日時を共通条件（パラメータともいう）として記憶される。 The relationship between the thermal loads 103 and 105 and the indoor device power consumption 104 is expressed by the following equation (5a) equivalent to the above equation (5).
Internal heat load 103-indoor device power consumption 104 = human body heat load 105 (5a)
The indoor device power consumption 104 (= indoor device heat load Q E ) and the human body heat load Q H obtained in this way are stored in the operation database unit 11c as a common condition (also referred to as a parameter).

次に、図１に示すエネルギー需要予測部１１ａは、運用データベース部１１ｃに記憶された各データに基き、次のようにエネルギー需要の予測処理を行う。
前提条件として、図５に示す室内機器消費電力１０４及び室内の人体熱負荷１０５は、通常、日々の気象条件の変動の影響を受けず、ビルの運用状況に依存して変動するため、運用条件の等しい期間、例えば平日や休日といった区分毎の期間で整理すると、略同じ傾向を示すことになる。 Next, the energy demand prediction unit 11a shown in FIG. 1 performs an energy demand prediction process based on the data stored in the operation database unit 11c as follows.
As a precondition, the indoor equipment power consumption 104 and the indoor human thermal load 105 shown in FIG. 5 are usually not affected by fluctuations in daily weather conditions, and vary depending on the operational status of the building. If they are arranged by the same period, for example, every period such as weekdays and holidays, the same tendency is shown.

この同じ傾向を示す室内機器消費電力１０４の変動パターン例を図６に示し、室内の人体熱負荷１０５の変動パターン例を図７に示す。
図６は運用状況の等しい平日３日間の室内における室内機器消費電力１０４の推定データ１０４ａ，１０４ｂ，１０４ｃと、その３日分の平均の室内機器消費電力パターン１０４Ｍとのグラフを示す図である。但し、図６は縦軸が熱負荷（ｋＷ）、横軸が時刻である。 An example of the fluctuation pattern of the indoor device power consumption 104 showing the same tendency is shown in FIG. 6, and an example of the fluctuation pattern of the indoor human thermal load 105 is shown in FIG.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a graph of estimated data 104a, 104b, 104c of indoor device power consumption 104 in a room for three days on weekdays with the same operation status, and an average indoor device power consumption pattern 104M for the three days. However, in FIG. 6, the vertical axis represents the heat load (kW), and the horizontal axis represents the time.

即ち、平日３日間の１日毎において、内部熱負荷推定部１１ｂにより、室内の室内機器消費電力１０４を推定し、１日目の推定値を第１の室内機器消費電力１０４ａとしてグラフ化し、２日目の推定値を第２の室内機器消費電力１０４ｂとしてグラフ化し、３日目の推定値を第３の室内機器消費電力１０４ｃとしてグラフ化する。更に、内部熱負荷推定部１１ｂにより、３日分の室内機器消費電力１０４ａ，１０４ｂ，１０４ｃの平均を計算して、室内機器消費電力パターン（単に、パターンともいう）１０４Ｍを得る。   That is, for every day of three days on weekdays, the indoor heat load estimating unit 11b estimates the indoor indoor device power consumption 104, and the estimated value of the first day is graphed as the first indoor device power consumption 104a. The estimated value of the eye is graphed as the second indoor device power consumption 104b, and the estimated value of the third day is graphed as the third indoor device power consumption 104c. Further, the average of the indoor device power consumption 104a, 104b, 104c for three days is calculated by the internal heat load estimation unit 11b to obtain an indoor device power consumption pattern (also simply referred to as a pattern) 104M.

図７は運用状況の等しい平日３日間の室内における人体熱負荷１０５の推定データ１０５ａ，１０５ｂ，１０５ｃと、その３日分の平均の人体熱負荷パターン１０５Ｍとのグラフを示す図である。但し、図７は縦軸が熱負荷（ｋＷ）、横軸が時刻である。
即ち、平日３日間の１日毎において、内部熱負荷推定部１１ｂにより、室内の人体熱負荷１０５を推定し、１日目の推定値を第１の人体熱負荷１０５ａとしてグラフ化し、２日目の推定値を第２の人体熱負荷１０５ｂとしてグラフ化し、３日目の推定値を第３の人体熱負荷１０５ｃとしてグラフ化する。更に、内部熱負荷推定部１１ｂにより、３日分の人体熱負荷１０５ａ，１０５ｂ，１０５ｃの平均を計算して、人体熱負荷パターン（単に、パターンともいう）１０５Ｍを得る。 FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a graph of estimated data 105a, 105b, 105c of the human thermal load 105 in a room for three days on weekdays with the same operation status, and an average human thermal load pattern 105M for the three days. However, in FIG. 7, the vertical axis represents the heat load (kW), and the horizontal axis represents the time.
That is, for each day of three days on weekdays, the internal heat load estimating unit 11b estimates the indoor human heat load 105, and graphs the estimated value of the first day as the first human heat load 105a. The estimated value is graphed as the second human body heat load 105b, and the estimated value on the third day is graphed as the third human body heat load 105c. Further, the internal heat load estimation unit 11b calculates the average of the human body heat loads 105a, 105b, and 105c for three days to obtain a human body heat load pattern (also simply referred to as a pattern) 105M.

このように各１０４Ｍ，１０５Ｍを得るために次のような設定が行われる。即ち、内部熱負荷推定部１１ｂにおいて、例えば１日１回など定期的に自動で１日分の室内機器消費電力１０４及び人体熱負荷１０５を推定するように設定し、更に、３日分の平均計算を行うことで、各パターン１０４Ｍ，１０５Ｍを得るように設定しておく。この設定は、エネルギー管理装置１１の図示せぬ設定手段において行われる。   In this way, the following settings are made in order to obtain 104M and 105M. That is, the internal heat load estimation unit 11b is set to automatically estimate the indoor device power consumption 104 and the human body heat load 105 for one day on a regular basis, for example, once a day. It is set to obtain the patterns 104M and 105M by performing the calculation. This setting is performed by a setting unit (not shown) of the energy management apparatus 11.

更に、その設定に応じて得られた各パターン１０４Ｍ，１０５Ｍは、運用データベース部１１ｃに、日時をパラメータとして関連データに対応付けられて記憶される。
ここで、図１に示すエネルギー管理装置１１のエネルギー需要予測部１１ａが、運用データベース部１１ｃに記憶された各データに基き、１日分のエネルギー需要予測を行う場合、次の演算処理を行う。 Further, the patterns 104M and 105M obtained in accordance with the setting are stored in the operation database unit 11c in association with related data using the date and time as a parameter.
Here, when the energy demand prediction part 11a of the energy management apparatus 11 shown in FIG. 1 performs the energy demand prediction for one day based on each data memorize | stored in the operation | use database part 11c, the following arithmetic processing is performed.

エネルギー管理装置１１は、公衆ネットワーク１５を介して気象情報提供装置１６から、エネルギー需要予測を行う日の気象予報データを取得し、外部熱負荷計算部１１ｄの熱負荷シミュレーションにより、取得した気象予報データと建築物緒元データに基いて、外部熱負荷を計算する。
次に、エネルギー需要予測部１１ａでエネルギー需要予測を行う場合、エネルギー需要予測を行う日（需要予測日）と運用状況が同じ日（同運用状況日）から得られた各パターン１０４Ｍ，１０５Ｍを、運用データベース部１１ｃから検索し、これら検索パターン１０４Ｍ，１０５Ｍを、室内機器熱負荷ＱＥと人体熱負荷ＱＨとして用いる。 The energy management device 11 acquires the weather forecast data for the day when the energy demand is predicted from the weather information providing device 16 via the public network 15, and the acquired weather forecast data by the thermal load simulation of the external heat load calculation unit 11d. Based on the building data, the external heat load is calculated.
Next, when the energy demand prediction is performed by the energy demand prediction unit 11a, the patterns 104M and 105M obtained from the same day (same operation status day) as the day when the energy demand prediction is performed (demand prediction date) Search from the operational database unit 11c, these search patterns 104M, the 105M, is used as an indoor equipment heat load Q E and the body heat load Q H.

ここで、熱負荷シミュレーションにより成立する上式（１）の関係から、空調熱負荷ＱＡＣを求めるために当該式（１）の変形を行うと、下式（６）となる。
ＱＡＣ＝−（ＱＥＷ＋ＱＳＲ＋ＱＧ＋ＱＩＮＦ＋ＱＩＷ＋ＱＥ＋ＱＨ） …（６） Here, from the relationship of the above equation (1) that holds the thermal load simulation, when the deformation of the formula (1) in order to determine the air-conditioning heat load Q AC, the following equation (6).
Q AC = − (Q EW + Q SR + Q G + Q INF + Q IW + Q E + Q H ) (6)

この式（６）のように、予め設定する室内環境や、空調の実施日時等の条件を定めておけば、必要な空調熱負荷ＱＡＣが、内部熱負荷推定部１１ｂにより推定される。
次に、エネルギー需要予測部１１ａで、その求められた空調熱負荷ＱＡＣをＣＯＰで除算することで、空調機器消費電力の予測値が求められる。但し、ＣＯＰは空調熱負荷ＱＡＣに応じた関数で表すこともできる。事前に空調機器運用データからＣＯＰの関数を作成しておくことで、より精度が向上する。 If conditions such as the indoor environment to be set in advance and the date and time of air conditioning are defined as in this equation (6), the necessary air conditioning thermal load QAC is estimated by the internal thermal load estimation unit 11b.
Next, the energy demand prediction unit 11a divides the obtained air conditioning thermal load QAC by COP to obtain the predicted value of the power consumption of the air conditioning equipment. However, COP can also be represented by a function in accordance with the air conditioning heat load Q AC. By creating a COP function from air conditioning equipment operation data in advance, the accuracy is further improved.

ここで、室内機器熱負荷ＱＥ＝室内機器消費電力であるから、エネルギー需要予測部１１ａで、次式（７）のようにビル全体消費電力予測値を算出してエネルギー需要予測を行うことができる。
ビル全体消費電力予測値（エネルギー需要予測結果）＝空調機器消費電力＋ＱＥ …（７） Here, since the indoor equipment thermal load Q E = indoor equipment power consumption, the energy demand prediction unit 11a can calculate the overall building power consumption prediction value as shown in the following equation (7) to perform energy demand prediction. it can.
Total building power consumption prediction value (energy demand prediction result) = air conditioner power consumption + Q E (7)

更に、エネルギー需要予測部１１ａは、そのエネルギー需要予測結果を、図示せぬディスプレイに現在の各種消費電力の変動と併せて、例えば図８に示すグラフのように表示する。但し、図８は縦軸が消費電力（ｋＷ）、横軸が時刻である。図８には、予想外気温１２１と、予測空調機器消費電力１２２と、予測ビル全体消費電力（エネルギー需要予測結果）１２３と共に、現在（図中の１４時）までの実際の空調機器消費電力１２４及びビル全体消費電力１２５を表している。但し、予想外気温１２１は、気象情報提供装置１６から、エネルギー需要予測を行う日の気象予報データが取得された際に、外部熱負荷計算部１１ｄがその気象予報データに基いて求める。   Furthermore, the energy demand prediction part 11a displays the energy demand prediction result on a display (not shown) together with the current fluctuations in various power consumptions, for example, as a graph shown in FIG. In FIG. 8, the vertical axis represents power consumption (kW), and the horizontal axis represents time. In FIG. 8, the actual air conditioner power consumption 124 up to the present (14:00 in the figure) is shown together with the predicted outside air temperature 121, the predicted air conditioner power consumption 122, and the predicted overall building power consumption (energy demand prediction result) 123. And the whole building power consumption 125 is represented. However, when the weather forecast data for the day on which the energy demand is forecasted is acquired from the weather information providing device 16, the external heat load calculator 11d obtains the unexpected outside temperature 121 based on the weather forecast data.

＜実施形態の動作＞
次に、上記構成のエネルギー管理システム１０によりビルのエネルギー需要予測を行う動作を、図９及び図１０に示すフローチャートを参照して説明する。但し、図１に示す運用データベース部１１ｃには、図３に示す本例ビルの建築物緒元データが予め記憶されているものとする。 <Operation of Embodiment>
Next, the operation | movement which performs the energy demand prediction of a building by the energy management system 10 of the said structure is demonstrated with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.9 and FIG.10. However, it is assumed that the building database data of this example building shown in FIG. 3 is stored in advance in the operation database unit 11c shown in FIG.

図９に示すステップＳ１において、図１に示すエネルギー管理装置１１により、ビル内の配電盤３１に設置された電力計測装置１３により時々刻々と計測されるビル全体消費電力が、ローカルネットワーク１２を介して受信される。この受信されたビル全体消費電力が電力計測データとして、運用データベース部１１ｃに日時に対応付けられて記憶される。但し、本動作説明における日時には、年月も対応付けられるとする。   In step S1 shown in FIG. 9, the power consumption of the entire building measured by the power measurement device 13 installed on the switchboard 31 in the building by the energy management device 11 shown in FIG. Received. The received overall building power consumption is stored as power measurement data in association with the date and time in the operation database unit 11c. However, the date and time in the description of the operation is also associated with the year and month.

また、ステップＳ２において、エネルギー管理装置１１では、空調機器コントローラ１４で取得される各空調機器４１ａ〜４１ｎの空調機器運用データが、ローカルネットワーク１２を介して受信され、この受信された空調機器運用データが運用データベース部１１ｃに日時に対応付けられて記憶される。   In step S2, the energy management apparatus 11 receives the air conditioner operation data of each of the air conditioners 41a to 41n acquired by the air conditioner controller 14 via the local network 12, and the received air conditioner operation data. Is stored in the operation database unit 11c in association with the date and time.

更に、ステップＳ３において、エネルギー管理装置１１では、公衆ネットワーク１５を介して気象情報提供装置１６から気象データが受信され、この受信された気象データが運用データベース部１１ｃに日時に対応付けられて記憶される。
次に、ステップＳ４において、外部熱負荷計算部１１ｄにより、ビル全室について予め定められた時間毎に、運用データベース部１１ｃに記憶された気象データと建築物緒元データに基き、熱負荷シミュレーションにより外部熱負荷（ＱＥＷ＋ＱＳＲ＋ＱＧ＋ＱＩＮＦ＋ＱＩＷ）が計算される。即ち、図３に矢印で示す外壁熱負荷ＱＥＷ、日射熱負荷ＱＳＲ、窓熱伝達熱負荷ＱＧ、換気隙間風熱負荷ＱＩＮＦ、内壁床熱負荷ＱＩＷが計算される。 Further, in step S3, the energy management apparatus 11 receives the weather data from the weather information providing apparatus 16 via the public network 15, and the received weather data is stored in the operation database unit 11c in association with the date and time. The
Next, in step S4, the external heat load calculation unit 11d performs the heat load simulation based on the weather data and building specification data stored in the operation database unit 11c for each predetermined time for all the building rooms. The external heat load (Q EW + Q SR + Q G + Q INF + Q IW ) is calculated. That is, outer wall heat load Q EW , solar heat load Q SR , window heat transfer heat load Q G , ventilation gap wind heat load Q INF , and inner wall floor heat load Q IW indicated by arrows in FIG. 3 are calculated.

また、ステップＳ５において、内部熱負荷推定部１１ｂにより、運用データベース部１１ｃに記憶された空調機器運用データから空調機器消費電力が求められることで、実測値としての空調熱負荷ＱＡＣが推定される。
更に、ステップＳ６において、内部熱負荷推定部１１ｂにより、上記ステップＳ５で推定された空調熱負荷ＱＡＣと、上記ステップＳ４で計算された外部熱負荷（ＱＥＷ＋ＱＳＲ＋ＱＧ＋ＱＩＮＦ＋ＱＩＷ）とが、上式（２）に当て嵌められることにより、室内機器熱負荷ＱＥ＋人体熱負荷ＱＨによる内部熱負荷が推定される。 Further, in step S5, the air conditioning heat load QAC as an actual measurement value is estimated by obtaining the air conditioner power consumption from the air conditioner operation data stored in the operation database unit 11c by the internal heat load estimating unit 11b. .
Further, in step S6, the internal heat load estimating portion 11b, a air conditioning heat load Q AC estimated in step S5, the calculated external heat load in step S4 (Q EW + Q SR + Q G + Q INF + Q IW) Is applied to the above equation (2), thereby estimating the internal heat load due to the indoor equipment heat load Q E + the human body heat load Q H.

これらステップＳ４〜Ｓ６により、例えば図４にグラフで示すように、１日分（２４時間分）の空調熱負荷（計測値）１０１と、外部熱負荷（計算値）１０２と、内部熱負荷（推定値）１０３とが得られる。これら熱負荷１０１〜１０３の関係は上式（３）の通りである。   By these steps S4 to S6, for example, as shown in the graph in FIG. 4, the air conditioning thermal load (measured value) 101 for one day (24 hours), the external thermal load (calculated value) 102, and the internal thermal load ( Estimated value) 103 is obtained. The relationship between these thermal loads 101 to 103 is as shown in the above equation (3).

次に、ステップＳ７において、内部熱負荷推定部１１ｂにより、運用データベース部１１ｃに蓄積された１日分のビル全体消費電力（電力計測データ）から、上記ステップＳ５で得られた空調機器消費電力が減算され、室内機器消費電力（＝室内機器熱負荷ＱＥ）が求められる。この計算式は上式（４）の通りである。
ここで、室内機器消費電力＝室内機器熱負荷ＱＥなので、ステップＳ８において、内部熱負荷推定部１１ｂにより、そのＱＥが上式（２）に当て嵌められ、更に上式（５）のように人体熱負荷ＱＨが推定される。 Next, in step S7, the air conditioner power consumption obtained in step S5 is calculated from the entire building power consumption (power measurement data) for one day accumulated in the operation database unit 11c by the internal heat load estimation unit 11b. By subtracting, the indoor device power consumption (= indoor device heat load Q E ) is obtained. This calculation formula is as shown in the above formula (4).
Here, since the indoor equipment power = indoor equipment heat load Q E, in step S8, the internal heat load estimator 11b, the Q E is fitted to the above equation (2), as further above equation (5) The human body heat load Q H is estimated.

これらステップＳ７，Ｓ８により、例えば図５にグラフで示すように、１日の室内機器消費電力（計測値）１０４と、人体熱負荷（推定値）１０５とが得られる。これらに上記内部熱負荷（推定値）１０３を加えて図５に表した場合の、各熱負荷１０３，１０５及び室内機器消費電力１０４の関係が、上式（５）と等価な上式（５ａ）で表される。   Through these steps S7 and S8, for example, as shown in the graph of FIG. 5, a daily indoor device power consumption (measured value) 104 and a human thermal load (estimated value) 105 are obtained. When the above internal heat load (estimated value) 103 is added to these and shown in FIG. 5, the relationship between the heat loads 103 and 105 and the indoor device power consumption 104 is equivalent to the above equation (5a). ).

次に、ステップＳ９において、内部熱負荷推定部１１ｂにより、上記ステップＳ７で得られた室内機器消費電力１０４（＝室内機器熱負荷ＱＥ）と、上記ステップＳ８で得られた人体熱負荷１０５とが、運用データベース部１１ｃに、日時をパラメータとして記憶される。 Next, in step S9, the internal thermal load estimation unit 11b uses the indoor equipment power consumption 104 (= indoor equipment thermal load Q E ) obtained in step S7 and the human thermal load 105 obtained in step S8. However, the operation database unit 11c stores the date and time as a parameter.

次に、ステップＳ１０において、内部熱負荷推定部１１ｂにより、室内の室内機器消費電力１０４が所定時間毎に推定され、この推定により一日単位で、図６に示す各々の推定データ１０４ａ，１０４ｂ，１０４ｃが得られ、これらが運用データベース部１１ｃに日時をパラメータとして記憶される。   Next, in step S10, the indoor heat load estimator 11b estimates the indoor equipment power consumption 104 in the room every predetermined time. By this estimation, each estimated data 104a, 104b, 104c is obtained, and these are stored in the operation database unit 11c as the date and time as parameters.

また、図１０に示すステップＳ１１において、内部熱負荷推定部１１ｂにより、室内の人体熱負荷１０５が所定時間毎に推定され、この推定により一日単位で、図７に示す各々の推定データ１０５ａ，１０５ｂ，１０５ｃが得られ、これらが運用データベース部１１ｃに日時をパラメータとして記憶される。   In addition, in step S11 shown in FIG. 10, the indoor thermal load estimation unit 11b estimates the indoor human thermal load 105 every predetermined time, and by this estimation, each estimated data 105a, 105b and 105c are obtained, and these are stored in the operation database unit 11c as the date and time as parameters.

更に、ステップＳ１２において、内部熱負荷推定部１１ｂにより、運用データベース部１１ｃに記憶された例えば３日分の室内機器消費電力１０４の推定データ１０４ａ，１０４ｂ，１０４ｃの平均が計算され、図６に示す室内機器消費電力パターン１０４Ｍが得られる。更に、同じく記憶された上記と同じ３日分の人体熱負荷１０５の推定データ１０５ａ，１０５ｂ，１０５ｃの平均が計算され、図７に示す人体熱負荷パターン１０５Ｍが得られる。この得られた各パターン１０４Ｍ，１０５Ｍが、運用データベース部１１ｃに、日時をパラメータとして記憶される。   Furthermore, in step S12, the average of the estimated data 104a, 104b, 104c of the indoor equipment power consumption 104 for 3 days stored in the operation database unit 11c is calculated by the internal heat load estimation unit 11b, as shown in FIG. The indoor device power consumption pattern 104M is obtained. Further, the average of the same estimated human body heat load 105 data 105a, 105b, 105c for the same three days as described above is calculated to obtain a human body heat load pattern 105M shown in FIG. The obtained patterns 104M and 105M are stored in the operation database unit 11c with the date and time as parameters.

次に、ステップＳ１３において、図１に示すエネルギー需要予測部１１ａにより、１日分のエネルギー需要予測が開始される。
この場合、ステップＳ１４において、エネルギー管理装置１１で、公衆ネットワーク１５を介して気象情報提供装置１６から、エネルギー需要予測を行う日の気象予報データが取得される。 Next, in step S13, energy demand prediction for one day is started by the energy demand prediction unit 11a shown in FIG.
In this case, in step S <b> 14, the weather management data for the day on which the energy demand prediction is performed is acquired from the weather information providing device 16 via the public network 15 by the energy management device 11.

次に、ステップＳ１５において、外部熱負荷計算部１１ｄの熱負荷シミュレーションにより、上記ステップＳ１４で取得された気象予報データと、運用データベース部１１ｃに記憶された建築物緒元データとに基き、外部熱負荷（ＱＥＷ＋ＱＳＲ＋ＱＧ＋ＱＩＮＦ＋ＱＩＷ）が計算される。この際、気象予報データから外気温の予想値（予想外気温）も求められる。
次に、ステップＳ１６において、内部熱負荷推定部１１ｂで、運用データベース部１１ｃから、需要予測日と同運用状況日の室内機器消費電力パターン１０４Ｍ及び人体熱負荷パターン１０５Ｍが検索される。 Next, in step S15, an external heat load is calculated based on the weather forecast data acquired in step S14 and the building specification data stored in the operation database unit 11c by the heat load simulation of the external heat load calculation unit 11d. The load (Q EW + Q SR + Q G + Q INF + Q IW ) is calculated. At this time, the predicted value of the outside temperature (predicted outside temperature) is also obtained from the weather forecast data.
Next, in step S16, the internal heat load estimation unit 11b searches the operation database unit 11c for the indoor device power consumption pattern 104M and the human body heat load pattern 105M on the same operation status as the demand forecast date.

これら検索パターン１０４Ｍ，１０５Ｍは、ステップＳ１７において、内部熱負荷推定部１１ｂにて、室内機器熱負荷ＱＥと人体熱負荷ＱＨとして用いられ、これらＱＥ及びＱＨと、上記ステップＳ１５で計算された外部熱負荷（ＱＥＷ＋ＱＳＲ＋ＱＧ＋ＱＩＮＦ＋ＱＩＷ）とが、上式（６）に当て嵌められることにより、空調熱負荷ＱＡＣが求められる。 These search pattern 104M, 105M, in step S17, by the internal heat load estimating portion 11b, is used as the indoor equipment heat load Q E and the body heat load Q H, and these Q E and Q H, calculated in the above step S15 The applied external heat load (Q EW + Q SR + Q G + Q INF + Q IW ) is applied to the above equation (6), whereby the air conditioning heat load Q AC is obtained.

次に、ステップＳ１８において、エネルギー需要予測部１１ａで、上記ステップＳ１７で求められた空調熱負荷ＱＡＣがＣＯＰで除算されることで、空調機器消費電力の予測値（予測空調機器消費電力）が求められる。
ここで、室内機器熱負荷ＱＥ＝室内機器消費電力であるから、ステップＳ１９において、エネルギー需要予測部１１ａで、上式（７）に予測空調機器消費電力と室内機器熱負荷ＱＥとが当て嵌められることで、ビル全体消費電力の予測値（予測ビル全体消費電力）が算出されてエネルギー需要予測結果が求められる。 Next, in step S18, the energy demand prediction unit 11a, that the air-conditioning heat load Q AC obtained in the step S17 is divided by the COP, air conditioner power estimation value (predicted air conditioners consumption power) Desired.
Here, since the indoor equipment thermal load Q E = the indoor equipment power consumption, in step S19, the energy demand prediction unit 11a applies the predicted air conditioning equipment power consumption and the indoor equipment thermal load Q E to the above equation (7). As a result, a predicted value of the overall building power consumption (predicted building overall power consumption) is calculated, and an energy demand prediction result is obtained.

次に、ステップＳ２０において、エネルギー需要予測部１１ａにより、図示せぬディスプレイに図８に示すように、上記ステップＳ１５で求められた予想外気温１２１と、上記ステップＳ１８で求められた予測空調機器消費電力１２２と、上記ステップＳ１９で求められた予測ビル全体消費電力（エネルギー需要予測結果）１２３と共に、現在（図中の１４時）までの実際の空調機器消費電力１２４及びビル全体消費電力１２５が表される。   Next, in step S20, as shown in FIG. 8 on the display (not shown) by the energy demand prediction unit 11a, the predicted outside air temperature 121 obtained in step S15 and the predicted air conditioning equipment consumption obtained in step S18. Along with the electric power 122 and the predicted overall building power consumption (energy demand prediction result) 123 obtained in step S19, actual air conditioner power consumption 124 and current overall building power consumption 125 up to the present (14:00 in the figure) are displayed. Is done.

＜実施形態の効果＞
以上説明したように、本実施形態のエネルギー管理装置１１は、ビルに設置された空調機器４１ａ〜４１ｎの動作情報としての負荷電流と、ビルの建立地域の気象条件の情報とを取得する取得手段（送受信機能）と、取得された気象条件の情報を用いてビルの外部から内部へ流入する外部熱負荷（ＱＥＷ＋ＱＳＲ＋ＱＧ＋ＱＩＮＦ＋ＱＩＷ）を計算する外部熱負荷計算部１１ｄと、取得された負荷電流から空調機器４１ａ〜４１ｎの熱負荷である空調熱負荷ＱＡＣを推定し、この空調熱負荷ＱＡＣと計算された外部熱負荷との差分からビルの内部における空調熱負荷ＱＡＣを除く内部熱負荷（＝室内機器熱負荷（機器熱負荷）ＱＥ＋人体熱負荷ＱＨ）を推定する内部熱負荷推定部１１ｂとを備える構成とした。 <Effect of embodiment>
As described above, the energy management apparatus 11 according to the present embodiment acquires the load current as the operation information of the air conditioners 41a to 41n installed in the building and the weather condition information of the building area of the building. (Transmission / reception function) and an external thermal load calculation unit 11d for calculating an external thermal load (Q EW + Q SR + Q G + Q INF + Q IW ) flowing from the outside to the inside of the building using the acquired weather condition information; to estimate the air-conditioning heat load Q AC is the heat load of the air conditioner 41a~41n from the obtained load current, the air-conditioning heat load Q in the interior of the building from the difference between the air-conditioning heat load Q AC and calculated external heat load internal heat loads except the AC was configured to include an internal heat load estimator 11b to estimate (= indoor equipment heat load (equipment heat load) Q E + human heat load Q H).

この構成によれば、ビルの各機器の消費電力をグループ毎や個別に計測する電力計を用いなくても、エネルギー管理装置１１によって、必要な情報である空調機器４１ａ〜４１ｎの負荷電流と、ビル建立地域の気象条件とを取得することで、ビル内の各機器や人体等の内部熱負荷を推定することができる。従って、低コストで精度良くビル内の内部熱負荷を推定することができる。   According to this configuration, the load current of the air conditioning devices 41a to 41n, which is necessary information, can be obtained by the energy management device 11 without using a power meter that measures the power consumption of each device of the building for each group or individually. By acquiring the weather conditions of the building construction area, it is possible to estimate the internal heat load of each device or human body in the building. Therefore, the internal heat load in the building can be estimated accurately at low cost.

また、エネルギー管理装置１１において、取得手段は、ビルに設置された電器設備全体の消費電力であるビル全体消費電力（全体消費電力）を取得し、内部熱負荷推定部１１ｂは、取得されたビル全体消費電力と、空調機器４１ａ〜４１ｎの負荷電流から計算した空調機器消費電力との差分から、ビルにおける当該空調機器以外の電気機器の室内機器消費電力（機器消費電力）１０４を求め、この室内機器消費電力１０４に対応する室内機器熱負荷を、内部熱負荷から減算してビル内部の人体の熱負荷である人体熱負荷ＱＨを推定する構成とした。 Moreover, in the energy management apparatus 11, an acquisition means acquires the whole building power consumption (total power consumption) which is the power consumption of the whole electrical equipment installed in the building, and the internal heat load estimation part 11b acquires the acquired building From the difference between the total power consumption and the air conditioning equipment power consumption calculated from the load current of the air conditioning equipment 41a to 41n, the indoor equipment power consumption (equipment power consumption) 104 of the electrical equipment other than the air conditioning equipment in the building is obtained. The indoor heat load corresponding to the device power consumption 104 is subtracted from the internal heat load to estimate the human heat load Q H that is the heat load of the human body inside the building.

この構成によれば、ビル内の人体熱負荷ＱＨを直接計測する計測手段が無く、更に同定が困難な人体熱負荷ＱＨを、ビル全体消費電力と空調機器４１ａ〜４１ｎの負荷電流とを用いて、エネルギー管理装置１１で推定することができる。従って、低コストで精度良くビル内の人体熱負荷ＱＨを推定することができる。 According to this configuration, there is no measuring means for measuring human body heat load Q H in the building directly further identify the hard body heat load Q H, and a load current of the entire power and air conditioning equipment 41a~41n Building And can be estimated by the energy management apparatus 11. Therefore, it is possible to estimate the body heat load Q H in precisely the building at a low cost.

また、エネルギー管理装置１１において、内部熱負荷推定部１１ｂは、室内機器消費電力及び人体熱負荷を履歴情報として記録し、この記録された室内機器消費電力及び人体熱負荷の各々の平均を取って、室内機器消費電力及び人体熱負荷の各々の予め定められた期間の変動パターンを求める構成とした。
この構成によれば、例えば、ある１日の室内機器消費電力及び人体熱負荷の各々の変動パターンを、容易に求めることができる。 In the energy management device 11, the internal heat load estimation unit 11b records the indoor device power consumption and the human body heat load as history information, and takes the average of the recorded indoor device power consumption and the human body heat load. In addition, a variation pattern of a predetermined period of each of the indoor device power consumption and the human thermal load is obtained.
According to this configuration, for example, it is possible to easily obtain each fluctuation pattern of the indoor device power consumption and human body heat load on a certain day.

また、エネルギー管理装置１１において、取得手段は、気象条件としてエネルギー需要予測を行う予測期間の気象予報データを取得し、外部熱負荷計算部１１ｄは、取得された気象予報データを用いて外部熱負荷を計算し、内部熱負荷推定部１１ｂは、予測期間と同じ運用状況の履歴情報から室内機器消費電力及び人体熱負荷の各々の変動パターンを求め、これら変動パターンと、計算された外部熱負荷とから空調熱負荷を求める処理を行う。そして、その空調熱負荷から求めた空調機器消費電力と室内機器消費電力の変動パターンとを加算して、予測期間の全体消費電力の予測値を推定する需要予測部としてのエネルギー需要予測部１１ａを備える構成とした。   Moreover, in the energy management apparatus 11, an acquisition means acquires the weather forecast data of the prediction period which performs energy demand prediction as a weather condition, and the external heat load calculation part 11d uses the acquired weather forecast data, and external heat load The internal thermal load estimation unit 11b obtains each fluctuation pattern of the indoor device power consumption and the human thermal load from the history information of the same operation status as the prediction period, and calculates these fluctuation patterns and the calculated external heat load. The process which calculates | requires an air-conditioning heat load from is performed. And the energy demand prediction part 11a as a demand prediction part which estimates the predicted value of the total power consumption of a prediction period by adding the fluctuation pattern of the air-conditioner power consumption calculated | required from the air-conditioning heat load and indoor apparatus power consumption is provided. It was set as the structure provided.

この構成によれば、ある一日のビル内のエネルギー需要予測を低コストで適正且つ容易に行うことができる。従って、例えば今日は熱負荷が上がりそうなので、高くならないようにどこかで絞るといった省エネ対策を容易に行うことができる。具体例として、今日は午後２時がビル全体消費電力の上限負荷を超えそうなので、１２時位から例えば図８のエネルギー需要予測のグラフを見て監視し、超えそうな時点で、優先順位の低い電気機器から停止するといった対策を講じることができる。   According to this configuration, it is possible to appropriately and easily predict energy demand in a building for a certain day at low cost. Therefore, for example, since the heat load is likely to increase today, it is possible to easily perform energy saving measures such as narrowing down somewhere so as not to increase. As a specific example, today, 2:00 pm is likely to exceed the upper limit load of the entire building power consumption. It is possible to take measures such as stopping from low electrical equipment.

また、上記のエネルギー管理装置１１と、ビルに設置された電器設備全体の消費電力を計測する電力計測装置１３と、ビルに設置された空調機器４１ａ〜４１ｎの動作時の負荷電流を取得する空調情報取得手段としての空調機器コントローラ１４と、ビルの建立地域の気象条件を測定及び予測して提供する気象情報提供装置１６とを備えてエネルギー管理システム１０が構成されている。
このエネルギー管理システム１０においても、上述したエネルギー管理装置１１と同様の効果を得ることができる。 In addition, the energy management device 11 described above, the power measurement device 13 that measures the power consumption of the entire electrical equipment installed in the building, and the air conditioning that acquires the load current during operation of the air conditioning equipment 41a to 41n installed in the building. The energy management system 10 includes an air conditioner controller 14 as information acquisition means, and a weather information providing device 16 that measures and predicts weather conditions in a building area.
Also in this energy management system 10, the same effect as the energy management apparatus 11 mentioned above can be acquired.

なお、気象情報提供装置１６は、ビルに付属設備として設けても良い。また、室内機器消費電力１０４及び室内の人体熱負荷１０５が同パターンに変動する運用条件としては、平日や休日といった区分の他に、ビルが商業施設であれば、閑散期、繁忙期等でもパターン化される。   The weather information providing device 16 may be provided as an accessory facility in the building. In addition, the operating conditions under which the indoor device power consumption 104 and the indoor human thermal load 105 fluctuate in the same pattern include patterns in the quiet period, busy periods, etc., if the building is a commercial facility, in addition to categories such as weekdays and holidays. It becomes.

なお、本発明は上記した実施形態に限定されるものではなく、様々な変形例が含まれる。例えば、上記した実施形態は本発明を分かりやすく説明するために詳細に説明したものであり、必ずしも説明した全ての構成を備えるものに限定されるものではない。また、ある実施形態の構成の一部を他の実施形態の構成に置き換えることも可能であり、また、ある実施形態の構成に他の実施形態の構成を加えることも可能である。また、各実施形態の構成の一部について、他の構成の追加・削除・置換をすることが可能である。   In addition, this invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, Various modifications are included. For example, the above-described embodiment has been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and is not necessarily limited to the one having all the configurations described. Further, a part of the configuration of an embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of an embodiment. In addition, it is possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations for a part of the configuration of each embodiment.

また、上記の各構成、機能、処理部、処理手段等は、それらの一部又は全部を、例えば集積回路で設計する等によりハードウェアで実現してもよい。また、上記の各構成、機能等は、プロセッサがそれぞれの機能を実現するプログラムを解釈し、実行することによりソフトウエアで実現してもよい。各機能を実現するプログラム、テーブル、ファイル等の情報は、メモリや、ハードディスク、ＳＳＤ(Solid State Drive)等の記録装置、又は、ＩＣ(Integrated Circuit)カード、ＳＤ(Secure Digital memory)カード、ＤＶＤ(Digital Versatile Disc)等の記録媒体に置くことができる。
また、制御線や情報線は説明上必要と考えられるものを示しており、製品上必ずしも全ての制御線や情報線を示しているとは限らない。実際には殆ど全ての構成が相互に接続されていると考えてもよい。 Each of the above-described configurations, functions, processing units, processing means, and the like may be realized by hardware by designing a part or all of them with, for example, an integrated circuit. Further, each of the above-described configurations, functions, and the like may be realized by software by interpreting and executing a program that realizes each function by the processor. Information such as programs, tables, and files for realizing each function is stored in a memory, a hard disk, a recording device such as an SSD (Solid State Drive), an IC (Integrated Circuit) card, an SD (Secure Digital memory) card, a DVD ( Digital Versatile Disc) can be placed on a recording medium.
Further, the control lines and information lines indicate what is considered necessary for the explanation, and not all the control lines and information lines on the product are necessarily shown. Actually, it may be considered that almost all the components are connected to each other.

１０ エネルギー管理システム
１１ エネルギー管理装置
１１ａ エネルギー需要予測部（需要予測部）
１１ｂ 内部熱負荷推定部
１１ｃ 運用データベース部
１１ｄ 外部熱負荷計算部
１２ ローカルネットワーク
１３ 電力計測装置
１４ 空調機器コントローラ（空調情報取得手段）
１５ 公衆ネットワーク
１６ 気象情報提供装置
３１ 配電盤
４１ａ〜４１ｎ 空調機器
４２，４３ 室外機
４２ａ，４２ｂ…４２ｍ，４３ａ，４３ｂ…４３ｍ 室内機
ＱＥＷ 外壁熱負荷
ＱＳＲ 日射熱負荷
ＱＧ 窓熱伝達熱負荷
ＱＩＮＦ 換気隙間風熱負荷
ＱＩＷ 内壁床熱負荷
ＱＥ 室内機器熱負荷（機器熱負荷）
ＱＨ，１０５人体熱負荷
ＱＡＣ，１０１ 空調熱負荷
１０２ 外部熱負荷
１０３ 内部熱負荷
１０４ 室内機器消費電力（機器消費電力）
１０４Ｍ 室内機器消費電力パターン（室内機器消費電力の変動パターン）
１０５ 人体熱負荷パターン（人体熱負荷の変動パターン）
１２１ 予想外気温
１２２ 予測空調機器消費電力
１２３ 予測ビル全体消費電力
１２４ 空調機器消費電力
１２５ ビル全体消費電力（全体消費電力） DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Energy management system 11 Energy management apparatus 11a Energy demand prediction part (demand prediction part)
11b Internal heat load estimation part 11c Operation database part 11d External heat load calculation part 12 Local network 13 Electric power measuring device 14 Air-conditioning equipment controller (air-conditioning information acquisition means)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 15 Public network 16 Weather information provision apparatus 31 Distribution board 41a-41n Air-conditioning equipment 42, 43 Outdoor unit 42a, 42b ... 42m, 43a, 43b ... 43m Indoor unit Q EW outer wall thermal load Q SR solar heat load Q G window heat transfer heat load Q INF ventilation gap wind heat load Q IW inner wall floor heat load Q E indoor equipment heat load (equipment heat load)
Q H , 105 Human body heat load Q AC , 101 Air conditioning heat load 102 External heat load 103 Internal heat load 104 Indoor device power consumption (device power consumption)
104M Indoor device power consumption pattern (Fluctuation pattern of indoor device power consumption)
105 Human body heat load pattern (fluctuation pattern of human body heat load)
121 Predicted outside temperature 122 Predicted power consumption of air conditioning equipment 123 Predicted power consumption of entire building 124 Power consumption of air conditioning equipment 125 Total power consumption of building (total power consumption)

Claims (5)

建築物に設置された空調機器の動作情報と、当該建築物の建立地域の気象条件の情報とを取得する取得手段と、
前記取得された気象条件の情報を用いて前記建築物の外部から内部へ流入する外部熱負荷を計算する外部熱負荷計算部と、
前記取得された空調機器の動作情報から当該空調機器の熱負荷である空調熱負荷を推定し、この空調熱負荷と前記計算された外部熱負荷との差分から前記建築物の内部における当該空調熱負荷を除く内部熱負荷を推定する内部熱負荷推定部と
を備えることを特徴とするエネルギー管理装置。 An acquisition means for acquiring operation information of air-conditioning equipment installed in a building and information on weather conditions of an area where the building is built;
An external heat load calculator that calculates an external heat load flowing into the building from the outside using the acquired weather condition information; and
The air conditioning heat load, which is the heat load of the air conditioner, is estimated from the acquired operation information of the air conditioner, and the air conditioner heat in the building is calculated from the difference between the air condition heat load and the calculated external heat load. An energy management apparatus comprising: an internal heat load estimation unit that estimates an internal heat load excluding a load. 請求項１に記載のエネルギー管理装置にあって、
前記取得手段は、前記建築物に設置された電器設備全体の消費電力である全体消費電力を取得し、
前記内部熱負荷推定部は、前記取得された全体消費電力と、前記動作情報から計算した空調機器消費電力との差分から、前記建築物における当該空調機器以外の電気機器の機器消費電力を求め、この機器消費電力に対応する機器熱負荷を、前記内部熱負荷から減算して前記建築物内部の人体の熱負荷である人体熱負荷を推定する
ことを特徴とするエネルギー管理装置。 In the energy management device according to claim 1,
The acquisition means acquires overall power consumption that is power consumption of the entire electrical equipment installed in the building,
The internal heat load estimation unit obtains the device power consumption of an electrical device other than the air conditioning device in the building from the difference between the acquired overall power consumption and the air conditioning device power consumption calculated from the operation information, An energy management apparatus characterized by subtracting a device heat load corresponding to the device power consumption from the internal heat load to estimate a human body heat load that is a heat load of the human body inside the building. 請求項２に記載のエネルギー管理装置にあって、
前記内部熱負荷推定部は、前記機器消費電力及び前記人体熱負荷を履歴情報として記録し、この記録された機器消費電力及び人体熱負荷の各々の平均を取って、機器消費電力及び人体熱負荷の各々の予め定められた期間の変動パターンを求める
ことを特徴とするエネルギー管理装置。 In the energy management device according to claim 2,
The internal heat load estimation unit records the device power consumption and the human body heat load as history information, and takes the average of the recorded device power consumption and the human body heat load to obtain the device power consumption and the human body heat load. An energy management device characterized by obtaining a fluctuation pattern of each predetermined period. 請求項３に記載のエネルギー管理装置にあって、
前記取得手段は、前記気象条件の情報としてエネルギー需要予測を行う予測期間の気象予報データを取得し、
前記外部熱負荷計算部は、前記取得された気象予報データを用いて外部熱負荷を計算し、
前記内部熱負荷推定部は、前記予測期間と同じ運用状況の前記履歴情報から前記機器消費電力及び前記人体熱負荷の各々の変動パターンを求め、これら変動パターンと、前記計算された外部熱負荷とから空調熱負荷を求める処理を行い、
前記空調熱負荷から求められた空調機器消費電力と前記機器消費電力の変動パターンとを加算して、前記予測期間の全体消費電力の予測値を推定する需要予測部
を備えることを特徴とするエネルギー管理装置。 In the energy management device according to claim 3,
The acquisition means acquires weather forecast data for a prediction period for performing energy demand prediction as information on the weather conditions,
The external heat load calculation unit calculates an external heat load using the acquired weather forecast data,
The internal heat load estimator obtains each variation pattern of the device power consumption and the human thermal load from the history information of the same operation status as the prediction period, these variation patterns, and the calculated external heat load Process to obtain air conditioning heat load from
An energy supply comprising: a demand prediction unit that estimates an estimated value of total power consumption in the prediction period by adding the air-conditioning device power consumption obtained from the air-conditioning heat load and the fluctuation pattern of the device power consumption Management device. 請求項２〜４の何れか１項に記載のエネルギー管理装置と、
建築物に設置された電器設備全体の消費電力を計測する電力計測装置と、
当該建築物に設置された空調機器の動作情報を取得する空調情報取得手段と、
当該建築物の建立地域の気象条件を測定及び予測して提供する気象情報提供装置と
を備えることを特徴とするエネルギー管理システム。 The energy management device according to any one of claims 2 to 4,
A power measuring device for measuring the power consumption of the entire electrical equipment installed in the building;
Air-conditioning information acquisition means for acquiring operation information of the air-conditioning equipment installed in the building;
An energy management system comprising: a meteorological information providing device that measures and predicts the weather conditions in the area where the building is built.
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