CN114633601B - Method, device, equipment and storage medium for determining heat load of automobile air conditioner - Google Patents
Method, device, equipment and storage medium for determining heat load of automobile air conditioner Download PDFInfo
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- CN114633601B CN114633601B CN202111539993.6A CN202111539993A CN114633601B CN 114633601 B CN114633601 B CN 114633601B CN 202111539993 A CN202111539993 A CN 202111539993A CN 114633601 B CN114633601 B CN 114633601B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/0073—Control systems or circuits characterised by particular algorithms or computational models, e.g. fuzzy logic or dynamic models
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/88—Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses
Abstract
The application discloses a method, a device, a computer device and a storage medium for determining the heat load of an automobile air conditioner, wherein the method comprises the following steps: obtaining simulatable calculated energy and non-simulatable calculated energy of an automobile, and determining a heat load of an automobile air conditioner according to the simulatable calculated energy and the non-simulatable calculated energy of the automobile, wherein the simulatable calculated energy comprises heat transmitted through a vehicle body maintenance structure, heat transmitted through a glass surface in a convection mode, heat transmitted through an engine compartment, heat transmitted through the glass surface into an automobile room in a radiation mode, heat transmitted through a recirculation belt and heat absorbed by a passenger compartment enclosure structure; the non-simulatable calculation energy comprises heat emitted by a human body, heat brought by instruments, equipment and illumination and heat brought by sealing performance leakage, and the automobile heat load is calculated more accurately, so that the matching of an automobile air conditioner compressor is more accurate, the automobile heat comfort and oil consumption are optimized, and the product competitiveness of the whole automobile is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of automotive design technologies, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for determining a thermal load of an automotive air conditioner, a computer device, and a computer readable storage medium.
Background
The amount of cooling that needs to be supplied into the vehicle in order to remove excess heat from the vehicle to maintain a constant temperature is referred to as the thermal load. The heat load of the automobile air conditioner is sometimes equal to the heat obtained by the automobile body and sometimes unequal, which is mainly related to the heat accumulation of the wall surface and the shell structure of the automobile and the performance of the heat insulation layer, and the accurate calculation of the heat load becomes the key of matching the automobile air conditioner. The calculation result of the heat load determines the type of the automobile compressor, if the heat load is calculated to be larger than the obtained heat of the actual passenger cabin, the cost and the energy consumption of the compressor are increased, otherwise, the passenger cabin cannot obtain enough refrigerating capacity, and the comfort of passengers is affected. However, the existing theoretical calculation method has a large amount of experience values, the precision is low, and the steady state calculation method does not distinguish the vehicle maintenance structure from the vehicle maintenance structure which has a plurality of layers, such as an outer steel plate, an intermediate air layer and other structures, an interior material and the like, and also does not consider the influence of different shapes or curvatures on heat convection, so that the precision is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The main purpose of the application is to provide a method, a device, a computer device and a computer readable storage medium for determining the heat load of an automobile air conditioner, which aim to solve the technical problem that the accuracy is low due to the adoption of a theoretical calculation method or a steady-state calculation method in the prior art.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for determining a heat load of an air conditioner of an automobile, the method comprising the steps of:
obtaining the simulatable calculated energy and the non-simulatable calculated energy of the automobile, determining the heat load of an air conditioner of the automobile according to the simulatable calculated energy and the non-simulatable calculated energy of the automobile,
the simulatable calculated energy comprises heat transmitted through a vehicle body maintenance structure, heat transmitted through a glass surface in a convection mode, heat transmitted through an engine cabin, heat transmitted through the glass surface into a vehicle room in a radiation mode, heat transmitted by a recirculation belt and heat absorbed by a passenger cabin enclosure structure;
the non-simulatable calculated energy comprises heat emitted by a human body, heat of instruments, equipment and illumination and heat brought by sealing leakage.
Preferably, the obtaining the simulatable calculated energy of the automobile includes:
determining the simulatable calculated energy as the energy of the cooling wind of the simulation system based on a first preset formula and a second preset formula;
and calculating the energy of the cooling wind of the simulation system based on a third preset formula.
Preferably, the calculating the energy of the cooling wind of the simulation system based on the third preset formula includes:
under the condition of meeting the thermal comfort of a human body in a passenger cabin of the automobile, acquiring a first preset mass flow of circulated air, a second preset mass flow of fresh air, a first preset temperature of circulated air, a second preset temperature of fresh air, a third preset temperature of cooling air, a first preset specific heat capacity of circulated air and a second preset specific heat capacity of fresh air;
and calculating the first preset mass flow, the second preset mass flow, the first preset temperature, the second preset temperature, the third preset temperature, the first preset specific heat capacity and the second preset specific heat capacity through a third preset formula to obtain the energy of the cooling air of the simulation system.
Preferably, the acquiring the non-emulated computing energy includes:
acquiring heat emitted by a preset human body;
determining the heat of the instrument, device and illumination based on a fourth preset formula;
determining the heat carried in by the leak tightness based on a fifth preset formula;
and determining the non-simulatable calculated energy by calculating the heat emitted by the preset human body, the heat of the instrument, the equipment and the illumination and the heat brought by the leak tightness.
Preferably, said determining the thermal load of the air conditioner of the vehicle from calculating said emulated calculated energy and said non-emulated calculated energy of the vehicle comprises:
and calculating the simulatable calculated energy and the non-simulatable calculated energy of the automobile based on a sixth preset formula, and determining the heat load of the automobile air conditioner.
Preferably, before the first preset mass flow rate of the circulating air, the second preset mass flow rate of the fresh air, the first preset temperature of the circulating air, the second preset temperature of the fresh air, the third preset temperature of the cooling air, the first preset specific heat capacity of the circulating air and the second preset specific heat capacity of the fresh air are obtained under the condition that the thermal comfort of a human body in a passenger cabin of the automobile is met, the method further comprises:
the whole vehicle data of the automobile is simulated through a preset 3D model, so that the refrigerating capacity generated by the current air conditioner is obtained;
calculating the equivalent temperature of each human body according to the whole vehicle data;
if the equivalent temperature meets the target temperature, determining that the refrigerating capacity generated by the current air conditioner is the heat load of the current air conditioner;
and determining a first preset mass flow of the circulating air, a second preset mass flow of the fresh air, a first preset temperature of the circulating air and a second preset temperature of the fresh air based on the heat load of the current air conditioner.
Preferably, the whole vehicle data includes: the surface temperature of each segment, the velocity of the air surrounding each segment, the surface area of each segment, the air temperature surrounding each segment, the emissivity of each segment, the angular coefficient of each segment to the cabin, the temperature of each segment, the temperature at the interior surface of the passenger cabin, the solar radiation obtained by the human body, the convective heat transfer coefficient of each segment calibrated by the susceptor under standard conditions, and the number of segments of the human body.
In a second aspect, the present application further provides a device for determining a heat load of an air conditioner of an automobile, the device comprising:
the acquisition and determination module is used for acquiring the simulative calculation energy and the non-simulative calculation energy of the automobile, determining the heat load of the air conditioner of the automobile according to the simulative calculation energy and the non-simulative calculation energy of the calculated automobile,
the simulatable calculated energy comprises heat transmitted through a vehicle body maintenance structure, heat transmitted through a glass surface in a convection mode, heat transmitted through an engine cabin, heat transmitted through the glass surface into a vehicle room in a radiation mode, heat transmitted by a recirculation belt and heat absorbed by a passenger cabin enclosure structure;
the non-simulatable calculated energy comprises heat emitted by a human body, heat of instruments, equipment and illumination and heat brought by sealing leakage.
In a third aspect, the present application further provides a computer device, the computer device comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable by the processor, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the method for determining a heat load of an automotive air conditioner as described above.
In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for determining a heat load of an air conditioner of a vehicle as described above.
The application provides a method, a device, computer equipment and a computer readable storage medium for determining the thermal load of an automobile air conditioner, which are used for determining the thermal load of the automobile air conditioner according to the calculated simulatable calculated energy and the calculated non-simulatable calculated energy of the automobile by acquiring the simulatable calculated energy and the calculated non-simulatable calculated energy of the automobile, wherein the simulatable calculated energy comprises heat transmitted through a maintenance structure of the automobile body, heat transmitted through a glass surface in a convection manner, heat transmitted through an engine cabin, heat transmitted through the glass surface in a radiation manner into an automobile room, heat transmitted by a recirculation belt and heat absorbed by an enclosure structure of a passenger cabin; the non-simulatable calculation energy comprises heat emitted by a human body, heat brought by instruments, equipment and illumination and heat brought by sealing performance leakage, and the automobile heat load is calculated more accurately, so that the matching of an automobile air conditioner compressor is more accurate, the automobile heat comfort and oil consumption are optimized, and the product competitiveness of the whole automobile is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for determining a heat load of an air conditioner of an automobile according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a heat load calculation principle of an automotive air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a 3D model according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the position of each stage of the human body according to the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a temperature comfort zone curve provided in an embodiment of the present application without providing different positions;
fig. 6 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for determining a heat load of an air conditioner of an automobile according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application.
The realization, functional characteristics and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the embodiments, referring to the attached drawings.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.
The flow diagrams depicted in the figures are merely illustrative and not necessarily all of the elements and operations/steps are included or performed in the order described. For example, some operations/steps may be further divided, combined, or partially combined, so that the order of actual execution may be changed according to actual situations.
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for determining the heat load of an automobile air conditioner, computer equipment and a computer readable storage medium. The method for determining the heat load of the automobile air conditioner can be applied to computer equipment, and the computer equipment can be electronic equipment such as a notebook computer, a desktop computer and the like.
Some embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining a heat load of an air conditioner of an automobile according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, the method includes step S101.
Step S101, obtaining the simulatable calculated energy and the non-simulatable calculated energy of the automobile, determining the heat load of an air conditioner of the automobile according to the simulatable calculated energy and the non-simulatable calculated energy of the automobile,
the simulatable calculated energy comprises heat transmitted through a vehicle body maintenance structure, heat transmitted through a glass surface in a convection mode, heat transmitted through an engine cabin, heat transmitted through the glass surface into a vehicle room in a radiation mode, heat transmitted by a recirculation belt and heat absorbed by a passenger cabin enclosure structure;
the non-simulatable calculated energy comprises heat emitted by a human body, heat of instruments, equipment and illumination and heat brought by sealing leakage.
The passenger compartment of an automobile is subjected to various heat, a part of which is converted into heat load and a part of which is maintained and stored by the automobile body. According to the law of conservation of system energy, the energy of cooling air provided by an air conditioning refrigeration system must be greater than or equal to the thermal load so as to meet the requirement of thermal comfort of a human body in a passenger cabin. Namely, under the steady-state condition, and when the thermal comfort of the human body is satisfied, the energy of the cooling air is equal to the thermal load of the whole vehicle. Therefore, the first preset formula heat load = the heat gain of the automobile-the heat absorbed by the passenger cabin enclosure structure is obtained, and the heat gain of the automobile is Q T ＝Q B +Q G +Q P +Q A +Q E +Q F +Q S Wherein Q is T For obtaining heat quantity, Q of automobile B For heat, Q, transferred through the body maintenance structure G As heat, Q, convectively transferred through the glass surface P Heat quantity Q emitted for human body A Including recirculating incoming heatAnd heat brought in by the leak tightness +.>Q E For heat input into engine compartment, Q F To enter by radiation through the glass surfaceHeat quantity in vehicle room, Q S Heat for instruments, equipment and illumination.
Determining heat quantity Q transferred through vehicle body maintenance structure according to preset partitioning strategy B Heat Q convectively transferred through the glass surface G Heat Q emitted by human body P Recirculating incoming heatAnd heat brought in by the leak tightness +.>Heat quantity Q transferred from engine compartment E Heat Q radiated into the vehicle interior through the glass surface F Heat Q of instrument, device and illumination S Heat Q introduced through the vehicle body maintenance structure B Heat Q convectively transferred through the glass surface G Heat quantity Q transferred from engine compartment E Heat Q radiated into the vehicle interior through the glass surface F And the heat of the recirculation of the inflow +.>For simulatable calculation of energy, determining heat quantity Q emitted by human body P Heat brought in by leak tightness->And heat of instrument, device and illumination Q S The energy is calculated for the non-simulatable.
Specifically, the obtaining the simulatable calculated energy of the automobile includes: determining the simulatable calculated energy as the energy of the cooling wind of the simulation system based on a first preset formula and a second preset formula; and calculating the energy of the cooling wind of the simulation system based on a third preset formula.
Exemplary, as shown in FIG. 2, the second preset formula is obtained under conditions that satisfy thermal comfort of a human body in the passenger compartment of the vehicleWherein the mass flow rate of the circulating air is a 1 kg/S, the mass flow of fresh air is a 2 kg/S; the temperature of the circulating air is T 1 The temperature of the fresh air is T 2 The temperature of the cooling air is T 3 (T 1 、T 2 、T 3 Thermodynamic temperature, in k); specific heat capacity of circulating wind is c 1 J/(kg.k), the specific heat capacity of fresh air is c 2 J/(kg·k)。
Determining the simulatable calculated energy as the energy of the cooling air of the simulation system by comparing the first preset formula with the second preset formula, wherein the energy of the cooling air of the simulation system is c 1 a 1 (T 1 -T 3 )+c 2 a 2 (T 2 -T 3 ). Acquiring energy=c of cooling air of third preset formula simulation system 1 a 1 (T 1 -T 3 )+c 2 a 2 (T 2 -T 3 ) And calculating the energy of the cooling wind of the simulation system.
Specifically, the obtaining the non-simulatable computing energy includes: acquiring heat emitted by a preset human body; determining the heat of the instrument, device and illumination based on a fourth preset formula; determining the heat carried in by the leak tightness based on a fifth preset formula; and determining the non-simulatable calculated energy by calculating the heat emitted by the preset human body, the heat of the instrument, the equipment and the illumination and the heat brought by the leak tightness.
Exemplary, for example, the heat Q emitted by a human body is determined by "numerical simulation study of the flow field in a cabin of a passenger car in consideration of heat dissipation of the human body P If the passenger is 116W, the driver is 176W. The heat of the instrument, equipment and illumination is mainly the heat flow phi of the motor driving the fan m . For example, the efficiency of the motor, the power of the motor, the fan operating time per day and night, and a fourth preset formula are obtainedBy calculating a fourth preset formula->Obtaining heat Q of instrument, equipment and illumination S Wherein Φ is m The heat flow of the motor for driving the fan, eta is the efficiency of the motor and P m Is the power of the motor, and the units are KW and t z The unit is hour for every day and night fan operating time.
Obtaining a fifth preset formulaThe length of the gap between doors and windows, the specific heat capacity of air, the air density, the outside air temperature, the air temperature in the vehicle room and the amount of air permeated through the gap per meter are calculated by a fifth preset formulaThe length of the gap between doors and windows, the specific heat capacity of air, the air density, the outside air temperature, the air temperature in the vehicle room and the amount of air permeated through the gap per meter are obtained, and the heat brought by leak tightness is added>Wherein (1)>The heat brought in for sealing leakage is L is the amount of air permeated through the gap per meter, and the unit is m 2 The units of the gap length of the door and window are mm, the unit of the gap length of the door and window is p is air density, and the unit of the gap length of the door and window is kg/m 3 The specific heat capacity of air is shown as the unit of kJ/(kg DEG C) and t H Is the outside air temperature in the units of DEG C, t B The temperature of the air in the vehicle interior is given in c.
Specifically, the determining the heat load of the air conditioner of the automobile according to the calculated simulatable calculated energy and the non-simulatable calculated energy of the automobile comprises: and calculating the simulatable calculated energy and the non-simulatable calculated energy of the automobile based on a sixth preset formula, and determining the heat load of the automobile air conditioner.
Exemplary, when energy of the cooling wind of the simulation system is obtainedTaking the obtained energy of the cooling air of the simulation system as the simulatable calculation energy to obtain a sixth preset formulaThe heat load of the vehicle air conditioner is determined.
Given the structure of the vehicle, the thermal comfort of the passenger compartment of the vehicle is determined by the mass flow rate (a 1 +a 2 ) kg/s and temperature T 3 And determining that the refrigerating capacity calculated by using a second preset formula meets the requirement if the mass flow and the temperature meet the requirement of thermal comfort. The purpose of CFD numerical calculation is to simulate and obtain the mass flow a of the cooling air meeting the thermal comfort of the passenger cabin 1 +a 2 And temperature T 3 And temperature T of circulated air 2 And obtaining the refrigerating capacity of the air conditioner by using a second preset formula.
Specifically, before the first preset mass flow rate of the circulating air, the second preset mass flow rate of the fresh air, the first preset temperature of the circulating air, the second preset temperature of the fresh air, the third preset temperature of the cooling air, the first preset specific heat capacity of the circulating air and the second preset specific heat capacity of the fresh air are obtained under the condition that the thermal comfort of a human body in a passenger cabin of an automobile is met, the method further comprises: the whole vehicle data of the automobile is simulated through a preset 3D model, so that the refrigerating capacity generated by the current air conditioner is obtained; calculating the equivalent temperature of each human body according to the whole vehicle data; if the equivalent temperature meets the target temperature, determining that the refrigerating capacity generated by the current air conditioner is the heat load of the current air conditioner; and determining a first preset mass flow of the circulating air, a second preset mass flow of the fresh air, a first preset temperature of the circulating air and a second preset temperature of the fresh air based on the heat load of the current air conditioner.
Exemplary, as shown in fig. 3, the complete vehicle 3D data is prepared for assembly, and the glass, the complete air conditioning system and the air outlet, the vehicle interior seat, and the 4-position correct mannequin are all required to be included on the surface of the vehicle body. In order to reduce the number of calculation grids, parts of an engine compartment, a trunk, wheels, a suspension system and the like, which have little influence on the thermal load of an automobile, can be simplified.
Setting a refrigeration target of an air conditioning system: here, the setting of the air conditioning refrigeration target is evaluated by the equivalent temperature of human bodies at 4 positions in the passenger cabin, and each human body selects 4 typical positions, as shown in fig. 4, and the temperature comfort intervals of different positions of the human body are shown in fig. 5. Calculating whether the equivalent temperature of 4 parts of each human body reaches a design target or not, and under a steady-state condition, when the equivalent temperature of 4 parts of each human body reaches the design target when the equivalent temperature of 4 human bodies at different positions is equal to the design target, the refrigerating capacity generated by the air conditioner at the moment is the design heat load of the air conditioner. Obtaining an equivalent temperature calculation formulaWherein T is eq,i Equivalent temperature of the ith section of the human body; t (T) s,i The surface temperature of the ith segment; v air,i The velocity of the air surrounding the ith segment; s is S i Surface area for the i-th segment; t (T) a,i Is the air temperature around the ith segment; sigma is still-Boltzmann constant (5.67×10) -8 W/m 2 K 4 )；ε i Emissivity for the ith segment; f (f) i,n An angular coefficient for the ith section for the n-surface of the cabin; t (T) i Temperature for the ith segment; t (T) n Is the temperature at the n-surface within the passenger compartment; q (Q) sol Solar radiation obtained for human body; h is a cal,i Convective heat transfer coefficients for the ith segment calibrated for the susceptor under standard circumstances; i is a segment of the human body, i.e. different parts of the human body.
Dividing a computing grid: the unstructured tetrahedron grid is adopted, the grid on the surface of the human body needs to increase the concentration, and the prismatic grid parallel to the unstructured tetrahedron grid is pulled out of the inner surface of the vehicle body so as to meet the requirement of a wall function.
Setting a calculation boundary condition: setting a space discrete format, a turbulence model, a wall function, adding solar radiation, setting a heat exchange coefficient, setting human body heating value and engine room thermal boundary conditions, and setting the thermal conductivity of the vehicle body according to different selected materials, wherein the above is conventional.
Air conditioner inlet boundary conditions: the air speed of all air outlets of the automobile is added with the air multiplier of the air outlet area by taking the refrigerating capacity generated in unit time as a boundary, and the refrigerating capacity in unit time of the air conditioner is obtained, so that the temperature in the passenger compartment of the automobile reaches the design requirement by continuously adjusting the mass flow of the inlet and the temperature of the inlet. The air conditioner inlet boundary adopts a mass flow boundary condition.
Fraction of solar radiation scattering: the solar ray tracking model tracks the directional load entering the vehicle through the transparent boundary and redistributes the light rays on the first non-transparent boundary, wherein the redistribution parameter is called scattering fraction (scattering fraction), and the default value is 1, namely, all the energy of the light rays entering the vehicle is calculated in a calculation domain; however, due to the fact that a large amount of vehicle body glass exists, a part of reflected energy is lost through the glass window, the obtained heat quantity calculated through simulation is larger than a test value, and a large amount of tests are carried out to obtain a calculation formula of the scattering fraction:
| S | scattering fraction | No unit |
| A | Area of glass of vehicle body | Only take the numerical value, no unit |
| T | Transmittance of glass for vehicle body | No unit |
| R | Reflectivity of interior material (average value according to area correction) | No unit |
| α | Normal distribution correction coefficient | The value is 0.954 |
From the above calculation formula, it can be seen that solving the thermal load can be converted into a 1 、T 1 In the simulation calculation process, by setting different a 1 The value can obtain the optimal flow which meets the thermal comfort of the human body in the passenger cabin, and a is determined 1 After that, calculation is performed.
In the embodiment of the application, the heat load of the automobile air conditioner is determined by acquiring the simulatable calculated energy and the non-simulatable calculated energy of the automobile and according to the simulatable calculated energy and the non-simulatable calculated energy of the calculated automobile, so that the more accurate calculation of the heat load of the automobile is realized, the matching of the automobile air conditioner compressor is more accurate, the heat comfort and the oil consumption of the automobile are optimized, and the product competitiveness of the whole automobile is improved.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for determining a heat load of an air conditioner of an automobile according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 6, the apparatus 400 includes: the acquisition and determination module 401.
An acquisition and determination module 401 for acquiring the simulatable calculated energy and the non-simulatable calculated energy of the automobile, and determining the heat load of the air conditioner of the automobile according to the simulatable calculated energy and the non-simulatable calculated energy of the calculated automobile,
the simulated computing energy comprises heat transmitted through a vehicle body maintenance structure, heat transmitted through a glass surface in a convection mode, heat transmitted through an engine cabin, heat transmitted through the glass surface into a vehicle room in a radiation mode, heat transmitted by a recirculation belt and heat absorbed by a passenger cabin enclosure structure;
the non-simulatable calculated energy comprises heat emitted by a human body, heat of instruments, equipment and illumination and heat brought by sealing leakage.
The acquiring and determining module 401 is specifically further configured to:
determining the simulatable calculated energy as the energy of the cooling wind of the simulation system based on a first preset formula and a second preset formula;
and calculating the energy of the cooling wind of the simulation system based on a third preset formula.
The acquiring and determining module 401 is specifically further configured to:
under the condition of meeting the thermal comfort of a human body in a passenger cabin of the automobile, acquiring a first preset mass flow of circulated air, a second preset mass flow of fresh air, a first preset temperature of circulated air, a second preset temperature of fresh air, a third preset temperature of cooling air, a first preset specific heat capacity of circulated air and a second preset specific heat capacity of fresh air;
and calculating the first preset mass flow, the second preset mass flow, the first preset temperature, the second preset temperature, the third preset temperature, the first preset specific heat capacity and the second preset specific heat capacity through a third preset formula to obtain the energy of the cooling air of the simulation system.
The acquiring and determining module 401 is specifically further configured to:
acquiring heat emitted by a preset human body;
determining the heat of the instrument, device and illumination based on a fourth preset formula;
determining the heat carried in by the leak tightness based on a fifth preset formula;
and determining the non-simulatable calculated energy by calculating the heat emitted by the preset human body, the heat of the instrument, the equipment and the illumination and the heat brought by the leak tightness.
The acquiring and determining module 401 is specifically further configured to:
and calculating the simulatable calculated energy and the non-simulatable calculated energy of the automobile based on a sixth preset formula, and determining the heat load of the automobile air conditioner.
The device for determining the heat load of the automobile air conditioner is also used for:
the whole vehicle data of the automobile is simulated through a preset 3D model, so that the refrigerating capacity generated by the current air conditioner is obtained;
calculating the equivalent temperature of each human body according to the whole vehicle data;
if the equivalent temperature meets the target temperature, determining that the refrigerating capacity generated by the current air conditioner is the heat load of the current air conditioner;
and determining a first preset mass flow of the circulating air, a second preset mass flow of the fresh air, a first preset temperature of the circulating air and a second preset temperature of the fresh air based on the heat load of the current air conditioner.
Wherein, the determination of the heat load of the automobile air conditioner is also used for:
the whole vehicle data comprises: the surface temperature of each segment, the velocity of the air surrounding each segment, the surface area of each segment, the air temperature surrounding each segment, the emissivity of each segment, the angular coefficient of each segment to the cabin, the temperature of each segment, the temperature at the interior surface of the passenger cabin, the solar radiation obtained by the human body, the convective heat transfer coefficient of each segment calibrated by the susceptor under standard conditions, and the number of segments of the human body.
It should be noted that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working procedures of the above-described apparatus and each module and unit may refer to corresponding procedures in the foregoing embodiments, and are not repeated herein.
The apparatus provided by the above embodiments may be implemented in the form of a computer program which may be run on a computer device as shown in fig. 7.
Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application. The computer device may be a terminal.
As shown in fig. 7, the computer device includes a processor, a memory, and a network interface connected by a system bus, wherein the memory may include a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory.
The non-volatile storage medium may store an operating system and a computer program. The computer program comprises program instructions which, when executed, cause the processor to perform any one of a number of methods for determining the thermal load of an automotive air conditioner.
The processor is used to provide computing and control capabilities to support the operation of the entire computer device.
The internal memory provides an environment for the execution of a computer program in a non-volatile storage medium that, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform any of a number of methods for determining the thermal load of an automotive air conditioner.
The network interface is used for network communication such as transmitting assigned tasks and the like. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the structure shown in fig. 7 is merely a block diagram of some of the structures associated with the present application and is not limiting of the computer device to which the present application may be applied, and that a particular computer device may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.
It should be appreciated that the processor may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), but may also be other general purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or the like. Wherein the general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
Wherein in one embodiment the processor is configured to run a computer program stored in the memory to implement the steps of:
obtaining the simulatable calculated energy and the non-simulatable calculated energy of the automobile, determining the heat load of an air conditioner of the automobile according to the simulatable calculated energy and the non-simulatable calculated energy of the automobile,
the simulatable calculated energy comprises heat transmitted through a vehicle body maintenance structure, heat transmitted through a glass surface in a convection mode, heat transmitted through an engine cabin, heat transmitted through the glass surface into a vehicle room in a radiation mode, heat transmitted by a recirculation belt and heat absorbed by a passenger cabin enclosure structure;
the non-simulatable calculated energy comprises heat emitted by a human body, heat of instruments, equipment and illumination and heat brought by sealing leakage.
In one embodiment, the processor, when implementing the obtaining of the emulated computational energy of the car, is configured to implement:
determining the simulatable calculated energy as the energy of the cooling wind of the simulation system based on a first preset formula and a second preset formula;
and calculating the energy of the cooling wind of the simulation system based on a third preset formula.
In one embodiment, the processor is configured to, when calculating the energy of the cooling wind of the simulation system based on a third preset formula, implement:
under the condition of meeting the thermal comfort of a human body in a passenger cabin of the automobile, acquiring a first preset mass flow of circulated air, a second preset mass flow of fresh air, a first preset temperature of circulated air, a second preset temperature of fresh air, a third preset temperature of cooling air, a first preset specific heat capacity of circulated air and a second preset specific heat capacity of fresh air;
and calculating the first preset mass flow, the second preset mass flow, the first preset temperature, the second preset temperature, the third preset temperature, the first preset specific heat capacity and the second preset specific heat capacity through a third preset formula to obtain the energy of the cooling air of the simulation system.
In one embodiment, the processor implementation, when harvesting non-emulated computational energy, is to implement:
acquiring heat emitted by a preset human body;
determining the heat of the instrument, device and illumination based on a fourth preset formula;
determining the heat carried in by the leak tightness based on a fifth preset formula;
and determining the non-simulatable calculated energy by calculating the heat emitted by the preset human body, the heat of the instrument, the equipment and the illumination and the heat brought by the leak tightness.
In one embodiment, the processor is configured to, when determining the thermal load of the air conditioner of the vehicle based on the calculated emulated calculated energy and the non-emulated calculated energy of the vehicle, implement:
and calculating the simulatable calculated energy and the non-simulatable calculated energy of the automobile based on a sixth preset formula, and determining the heat load of the automobile air conditioner.
In one embodiment, the processor is configured to, when acquiring the first preset mass flow rate of the circulated air, the second preset mass flow rate of the fresh air, the first preset temperature of the circulated air, the second preset temperature of the fresh air, the third preset temperature of the cooling air, the first preset specific heat capacity of the circulated air, and the second preset specific heat capacity of the fresh air under the condition that the thermal comfort of a human body in a passenger compartment of the automobile is satisfied:
the whole vehicle data of the automobile is simulated through a preset 3D model, so that the refrigerating capacity generated by the current air conditioner is obtained;
calculating the equivalent temperature of each human body according to the whole vehicle data;
if the equivalent temperature meets the target temperature, determining that the refrigerating capacity generated by the current air conditioner is the heat load of the current air conditioner;
and determining a first preset mass flow of the circulating air, a second preset mass flow of the fresh air, a first preset temperature of the circulating air and a second preset temperature of the fresh air based on the heat load of the current air conditioner.
In one embodiment, the processor, when implemented, is configured to implement: the whole vehicle data comprises: the surface temperature of each segment, the velocity of the air surrounding each segment, the surface area of each segment, the air temperature surrounding each segment, the emissivity of each segment, the angular coefficient of each segment to the cabin, the temperature of each segment, the temperature at the interior surface of the passenger cabin, the solar radiation obtained by the human body, the convective heat transfer coefficient of each segment calibrated by the susceptor under standard conditions, and the number of segments of the human body.
Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored, where the computer program includes program instructions, and a method implemented when the program instructions are executed may refer to each embodiment of a method for determining a heat load of an air conditioner of an automobile.
The computer readable storage medium may be an internal storage unit of the computer device according to the foregoing embodiment, for example, a hard disk or a memory of the computer device. The computer readable storage medium may also be an external storage device of the computer device, such as a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), or the like, which are provided on the computer device.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or system that comprises the element.
The foregoing embodiment numbers of the present application are merely for describing, and do not represent advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments. While the invention has been described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and substitutions of equivalents may be made and equivalents will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for determining a heat load of an air conditioner of an automobile, comprising:
obtaining the simulatable calculated energy and the non-simulatable calculated energy of the automobile, determining the heat load of an air conditioner of the automobile according to the simulatable calculated energy and the non-simulatable calculated energy of the automobile,
the simulatable calculated energy comprises heat transmitted through a vehicle body maintenance structure, heat transmitted through a glass surface in a convection mode, heat transmitted through an engine cabin, heat transmitted through the glass surface into a vehicle room in a radiation mode, heat transmitted by a recirculation belt and heat absorbed by a passenger cabin enclosure structure;
the non-simulatable calculated energy comprises heat emitted by a human body, heat of instruments, equipment and illumination and heat brought by leak tightness;
the obtaining the simulatable calculation energy of the automobile comprises the following steps:
determining the simulatable calculated energy as the energy of the cooling wind of the simulation system based on a first preset formula and a second preset formula;
calculating the energy of the cooling wind of the simulation system based on a third preset formula;
the calculating the energy of the cooling wind of the simulation system based on the third preset formula comprises the following steps:
under the condition of meeting the thermal comfort of a human body in a passenger cabin of the automobile, acquiring a first preset mass flow of circulated air, a second preset mass flow of fresh air, a first preset temperature of circulated air, a second preset temperature of fresh air, a third preset temperature of cooling air, a first preset specific heat capacity of circulated air and a second preset specific heat capacity of fresh air;
calculating the first preset mass flow, the second preset mass flow, the first preset temperature, the second preset temperature, the third preset temperature, the first preset specific heat capacity and the second preset specific heat capacity through a third preset formula to obtain the energy of the cooling air of the simulation system;
before the first preset mass flow rate of the circulating air, the second preset mass flow rate of the fresh air, the first preset temperature of the circulating air, the second preset temperature of the fresh air, the third preset temperature of the cooling air, the first preset specific heat capacity of the circulating air and the second preset specific heat capacity of the fresh air are obtained under the condition that the thermal comfort of a human body in a passenger cabin of an automobile is met, the method further comprises:
the whole vehicle data of the automobile is simulated through a preset 3D model, so that the refrigerating capacity generated by the current air conditioner is obtained;
calculating the equivalent temperature of each human body according to the whole vehicle data;
if the equivalent temperature meets the target temperature, determining that the refrigerating capacity generated by the current air conditioner is the heat load of the current air conditioner;
determining a first preset mass flow of the circulating air, a second preset mass flow of the fresh air, a first preset temperature of the circulating air and a second preset temperature of the fresh air based on the heat load of the current air conditioner;
in the solar ray tracking model in the 3D model, the calculation formula of the solar ray scattering fraction S is as follows:
wherein A is the area of the glass of the car body and only takes a numerical value; no unit exists;
t is the transmittance of the glass of the automobile body; no unit exists;
r is the reflectivity of the interior material, and the average value is taken according to area correction; no unit exists;
alpha is a normal distribution correction system and takes a value of 0.954.
2. The method for determining a heat load of an air conditioner of a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the non-simulatable calculation energy includes:
acquiring heat emitted by a preset human body;
determining the heat of the instrument, device and illumination based on a fourth preset formula;
determining the heat carried in by the leak tightness based on a fifth preset formula;
and determining the non-simulatable calculated energy by calculating the heat emitted by the preset human body, the heat of the instrument, the equipment and the illumination and the heat brought by the leak tightness.
3. The method for determining a heat load of an air conditioner of a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said determining a heat load of an air conditioner of a vehicle based on said simulatable calculated energy and said non-simulatable calculated energy of the vehicle comprises:
and calculating the simulatable calculated energy and the non-simulatable calculated energy of the automobile based on a sixth preset formula, and determining the heat load of the automobile air conditioner.
4. The method for determining a heat load of an air conditioner of a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the whole vehicle data includes: the surface temperature of each segment, the velocity of the air surrounding each segment, the surface area of each segment, the air temperature surrounding each segment, the emissivity of each segment, the angular coefficient of each segment to the cabin, the temperature of each segment, the temperature at the interior surface of the passenger cabin, the solar radiation obtained by the human body, the convective heat transfer coefficient of each segment calibrated by the susceptor under standard conditions, and the number of segments of the human body.
5. A device for determining a heat load of an air conditioner of an automobile, comprising:
the acquisition and determination module is used for acquiring the simulative calculation energy and the non-simulative calculation energy of the automobile, determining the heat load of the air conditioner of the automobile according to the simulative calculation energy and the non-simulative calculation energy of the calculated automobile,
the simulatable calculated energy comprises heat transmitted through a vehicle body maintenance structure, heat transmitted through a glass surface in a convection mode, heat transmitted through an engine cabin, heat transmitted through the glass surface into a vehicle room in a radiation mode, heat transmitted by a recirculation belt and heat absorbed by a passenger cabin enclosure structure;
the non-simulatable calculated energy comprises heat emitted by a human body, heat of instruments, equipment and illumination and heat brought by leak tightness;
the obtaining the simulatable calculation energy of the automobile comprises the following steps:
determining the simulatable calculated energy as the energy of the cooling wind of the simulation system based on a first preset formula and a second preset formula;
calculating the energy of the cooling wind of the simulation system based on a third preset formula;
the calculating the energy of the cooling wind of the simulation system based on the third preset formula comprises the following steps:
under the condition of meeting the thermal comfort of a human body in a passenger cabin of the automobile, acquiring a first preset mass flow of circulated air, a second preset mass flow of fresh air, a first preset temperature of circulated air, a second preset temperature of fresh air, a third preset temperature of cooling air, a first preset specific heat capacity of circulated air and a second preset specific heat capacity of fresh air;
calculating the first preset mass flow, the second preset mass flow, the first preset temperature, the second preset temperature, the third preset temperature, the first preset specific heat capacity and the second preset specific heat capacity through a third preset formula to obtain the energy of the cooling air of the simulation system;
before the first preset mass flow rate of the circulating air, the second preset mass flow rate of the fresh air, the first preset temperature of the circulating air, the second preset temperature of the fresh air, the third preset temperature of the cooling air, the first preset specific heat capacity of the circulating air and the second preset specific heat capacity of the fresh air are obtained under the condition that the thermal comfort of a human body in a passenger cabin of an automobile is met, the method further comprises:
the whole vehicle data of the automobile is simulated through a preset 3D model, so that the refrigerating capacity generated by the current air conditioner is obtained;
calculating the equivalent temperature of each human body according to the whole vehicle data;
if the equivalent temperature meets the target temperature, determining that the refrigerating capacity generated by the current air conditioner is the heat load of the current air conditioner;
determining a first preset mass flow of the circulating air, a second preset mass flow of the fresh air, a first preset temperature of the circulating air and a second preset temperature of the fresh air based on the heat load of the current air conditioner;
in the solar ray tracking model in the 3D model, the calculation formula of the solar ray scattering fraction S is as follows:
wherein A is the area of the glass of the car body and only takes a numerical value; no unit exists;
t is the transmittance of the glass of the automobile body; no unit exists;
r is the reflectivity of the interior material, and the average value is taken according to area correction; no unit exists;
alpha is a normal distribution correction system and takes a value of 0.954.
6. A computer device, characterized in that it comprises a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable by the processor, wherein the computer program, when being executed by the processor, realizes the steps of the method for determining the heat load of an air conditioner of a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
7. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method for determining the heat load of an air conditioner of a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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