JP2014136674A - Manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method of a hydrogen gas - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydrogen gas supply apparatus endowed with safety and a stable supply function.SOLUTION: On an occasion for creating a hydrogen gas by reacting, with any selected from among alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and magnesium, a body of water having a specified temperature, the hydrogen gas is created by initially dispensing the water fully into a hermetic reaction tank 30 totally shielded from the outside, by subsequently pumping therein a fixed volume of a hydrogen gas so as to partially discharge a fixed volume of the water, and by finally pumping therein any selected from among the alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and magnesium.

Description

  The present invention relates to a hydrogen gas production apparatus and production method. More specifically, the present invention produces hydrogen gas by reacting either alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or magnesium with water at a predetermined temperature. Connect a water supply device that can drip water to a sealed reaction tank that is completely shut off from the outside, and a hydrogen gas supply device that can supply hydrogen gas via a flow meter. Connect a solid particle storage device that stores either alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium so that it can fall, and first inject water from the water supply device into the reaction tank so that it becomes full, and then hydrogen gas supply device A certain amount of water is discharged by sending a certain amount of hydrogen gas from the reactor to the reaction tank. By sending either alkali metals or alkaline earth metals or magnesium, it is a thing which describes techniques to produce a hydrogen gas into the reaction to initiate the reaction tank.

  Conventionally, there has been a technique related to a high-pressure hydrogen gas production method and production apparatus and a hydrogen gas production method and production apparatus similar to the hydrogen gas production apparatus and production method (see, for example, Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2). .

  Here, a technique relating to a method and an apparatus for producing high-pressure hydrogen gas will be described with reference to Patent Document 1.

In this case, Patent Document 1 discloses that a sealed reaction tank that generates hydrogen gas by reacting alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium with water at a predetermined temperature and containing nitrogen gas is completely sealed from the outside. A solid particle storage device to which an inert gas supply device capable of supplying active gas is connected, a water supply device to which water can be fed, and an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or magnesium is stored in a fallable manner. From the state where the reaction tank is completely filled with an inert gas containing water and nitrogen gas, and the space occupied by the initial active gas containing nitrogen gas in the reaction tank and the reaction tank Depending on the proportion of hydrogen gas generated by the reaction, the high pressure hydrogen gas And the high pressure hydrogen gas is filled into the hydrogen cylinder from the upper part of the reaction tank, and a sealed external gas generating hydrogen gas by reacting water of a predetermined temperature with alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or magnesium. A water supply device capable of feeding water is connected to the reaction tank that is completely shut off, and a solid particle storage device that stores alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium in a droppable manner is connected to the reaction tank. From the state completely filled with water to the space resulting from the reduction of the water by the reaction in the reaction tank, and the high-pressure hydrogen gas depending on the proportion of the hydrogen gas generated by the reaction. Is shown in which a hydrogen cylinder is filled from the top of the reaction tank.
JP 2009-149484 A

  Next, a technique related to a conventional method and apparatus for producing hydrogen gas will be described with reference to Patent Document 2.

In this case, Patent Document 2 discloses that nitrogen gas is introduced into a sealed and completely shut-off reaction tank that generates hydrogen gas by reacting either alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium with water at a predetermined temperature. Connect an inert gas supply device that can supply any of the inert gases contained, and connect a water supply device that can drip water, and then either alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or magnesium A solid particle storage device stored so as to be dropped is connected, and first, either alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or magnesium is sent from the solid particle storage device to the reaction tank, and then from the inert gas supply device The reaction tank is filled with any of the inert gas containing nitrogen gas to discharge the internal air. Finally, the reaction was started by dropping water from the water supply device to the reaction tank, and the reaction occurred in the space occupied by any inert gas including nitrogen gas in the reaction tank. A technology that creates high-pressure hydrogen gas by adding hydrogen gas and a sealed reaction tank that is completely shut off from the outside to produce hydrogen gas by reacting either alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium with water at a specified temperature. Connected to a water supply device capable of dripping water, and further connected to a solid particle storage device storing either alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or magnesium so that it can fall, Either alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or magnesium is fed into the reaction tank, and finally the water supply device A technique in which water is dropped into the reaction tank to start the reaction, and hydrogen gas generated by the reaction is added to the space in the reaction tank to create high-pressure hydrogen gas, and an alkali metal or alkali Connect a hydrogen gas supply device that can supply hydrogen gas to a sealed reaction tank that is completely shut off from the outside, which generates hydrogen gas by reacting either earth metal or magnesium with water at a predetermined temperature, In addition, a water supply device capable of dripping water is connected, and further, a solid particle storage device storing either alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium so as to be dropped is connected, and the reaction from the solid particle storage device is first performed. Either alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or magnesium is fed into the tank, and then the hydrogen gas is supplied. By sending hydrogen gas from the water supply device to the reaction tank, the inside air is discharged and filled, and finally water is dropped from the water supply device to the reaction tank to start the reaction. A technique for producing high-pressure hydrogen gas by adding hydrogen gas generated by reaction to the space occupied by hydrogen gas is shown.
JP2009-274944

  However, the high pressure hydrogen gas production method and production apparatus and the hydrogen gas production method and production apparatus found in such conventional techniques have the following problems.

  In this case, in the high pressure hydrogen gas production method and production apparatus, the high pressure hydrogen gas is first produced, so that the size of the space for producing the hydrogen gas was not specifically presented. Therefore, when the reaction tank is completely filled with water, air may remain in each pipe connected to the various on-off valves from the reaction tank. Yes, in addition, when solid particles are put into a reaction tank that is completely filled with water alone or with an inert gas containing nitrogen gas, it corresponds to the fluid flowing out to the side of the solid particle storage device. I had to.

  In addition, in the method and apparatus for producing hydrogen gas, when water is finally dropped, particularly when an inert gas or nitrogen gas containing nitrogen gas is fed into the reaction tank halfway. Had to cope with the outflow of gas to the water supply side.

  The present invention provides water supply capable of dripping water into a sealed and completely closed reaction tank that generates hydrogen gas by reacting water of a predetermined temperature with either alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or magnesium. Solid particle storage that connects the device and a hydrogen gas supply device that can supply hydrogen gas via a flow meter, and further stores either alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium so that it can fall. A device is connected, and water is firstly poured from the water supply device into the reaction tank so as to be full, and then a certain amount of hydrogen gas is fed into the reaction tank from the hydrogen gas supply device. Drain the amount of water and finally from the solid particle storage device to the reaction tank to the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or magnesium It is characterized in that the reaction is started by sending any one to generate hydrogen gas in the reaction tank, and further, hydrogen at a predetermined temperature is reacted with any one of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium. An inert gas supply that can connect either a water supply device that can drip water to a sealed reaction tank that produces gas and is completely shut off from the outside, and can supply any of inert gases including nitrogen gas Connect the device via a flow meter, and then connect a solid particle storage device that stores either alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium so that it can fall, and firstly supply water from the water supply device into the reaction tank. Any inert gas containing a certain amount of nitrogen gas injected from the inert gas supply device into the reaction tank, and then filled to fill the water A certain amount of water is discharged by sending it, and finally the reaction tank is started by sending any one of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or magnesium from the solid particle storage device to the reaction tank. The above problem has been solved by creating a gas centered on hydrogen gas inside.

  In addition, the present invention is to produce hydrogen gas by reacting either alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium with water at a predetermined temperature, and first, in a reaction tank that is sealed with water and completely shut off from the outside. Inject to full water, and then discharge a certain amount of water by sending a certain amount of hydrogen gas, and finally hydrogen gas by sending either alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or magnesium Furthermore, when hydrogen gas is produced by reacting water at a predetermined temperature with either alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or magnesium, the water is first sealed and completely shut off from the outside. By injecting water into the reaction tank so that it is full, and then feeding any inert gas containing a certain amount of nitrogen gas. The above problem is achieved by generating a gas centered on hydrogen gas by discharging a certain amount of water and finally sending either alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or magnesium. It was solved.

  As is clear from the above description, the present invention can provide the following effects.

  First, it is not necessary to make the pressure resistance of the reaction tank excessively large by specifically presenting the size of the space for producing hydrogen gas, centering on inert gas including hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas. It became.

  Second, by providing residual gas discharge means at each expected part, when the reaction tank is completely filled with water, air remains in the respective pipes connected from the reaction tank to various on-off valves. There is nothing gone.

  Third, by providing a gas outflow prevention means in the solid particle storage device, when introducing solid particles into a reaction tank that is completely filled with water and inert gas and nitrogen gas containing nitrogen gas, It became unnecessary to cope with the outflow of gas to the solid particle storage device side.

  Fourth, respond to gas outflow by first injecting water to fill, then injecting gas, and finally injecting either alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or magnesium. Is now possible.

  The figure which showed the Example of this invention   The figure which showed the gas outflow prevention means of this invention

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
Here, FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing gas outflow prevention means of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a hydrogen gas supply device, and it is conceivable to use a commercially available hydrogen gas cylinder. It is also conceivable to use the produced hydrogen gas when the apparatus of the present application is in operation.

  At this point, the hydrogen gas from the hydrogen gas supply device 10 includes a gas supply pipe 100, a flow meter 215 for measuring a fluid flow rate, a gas supply pipe 101, and a gas supply on / off valve 201 that is manually opened and closed. Then, the gas is fed into the reaction tank 30 for performing a reaction for producing hydrogen gas via the gas supply pipe 102. The hydrogen gas supply device 10 can measure the internal concentration for the purpose of confirming whether or not the required concentration of hydrogen gas is reliably supplied when supplying the hydrogen gas. A densitometer 202 is connected.

  In this case, the reaction tank 30 can be fed from the solid particle storage device 20 with a required fixed amount of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or magnesium small piece or powder. Yes. More specifically, a small piece or powder of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium is manually opened and closed from the solid particle inlet 301 and the solid particle storage pipe 111. A solid particle storage open / close valve 205, a solid particle storage pipe 112, a solid particle storage device 20, a solid particle input pipe 113, a solid particle input open / close valve 204 that manually opens and closes, and a solid particle input pipe 114 are provided. Via, it is sent to the reaction tank 30.

  That is, the solid particle storage device 20 is charged with a necessary fixed amount of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium in small pieces or powder, and the like. Is stored. Then, after storage, the small particle injection powder or powder of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium stored in the reaction tank 30 can be input by opening the solid particle input opening / closing valve 204.

  Furthermore, water can be dripped into the reaction tank 30 from the water supply device 40. That is, the water fed from the water inlet 304 is stored in the water supply device 40 via the water storage pipe 131, the water storage opening / closing valve 209 that is manually opened and closed, and the water storage pipe 132. Yes. And the water stored in the water supply apparatus 40 can be dripped at the reaction tank 30 via the water supply pipe 133, the water supply on-off valve 210 which opens and closes manually, and the water supply pipe 134. It is.

  In this case, dripping water means that the quantity can be controlled remarkably accurately in both cases of a large quantity and a small quantity, compared to the case where powder or solid is added.

  Here, in the reaction tank 30, the inside can be heated or cooled to a required temperature by the heating / cooling means 50. The place where the heating and cooling means 50 is installed is located around the reaction tank 30 in FIG. 1, but is not limited to this place, and the water supply pipes 133, 134, The water supply device 40 may be positioned. In particular, when it is positioned in the reaction tank 30, it can be said that it is very effective for cooling the heat generated when the reaction is performed, and it can be considered that the generated heat is used for heating.

  The heating / cooling means 50 is not shown in detail, but as an example, a heating means comprising a nichrome wire and a cooling means using various refrigerants such as freon gas are mixed. Such a device, or a device in which piping that allows both hot water and cold water to be located outside is conceivable. It is also effective to add fins to the heating / cooling means 50 itself and to the periphery where the heating / cooling means 50 is located so that the cooling can be performed smoothly, that is, the heat radiation is performed smoothly. Means.

  Therefore, in the reaction tank 30, water is reacted with either alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or magnesium to produce hydrogen gas. For this purpose, the reaction tank 30 includes the solid particle storage device 20 and the water supply device 40. Both are connected so that the substances required for the reaction can be supplied. Moreover, the heating / cooling means 50 is installed so that it can be heated to the water of the required temperature from the necessity of using hot water, room temperature water, or cold water as needed during the reaction.

  Furthermore, when the reaction is carried out in hydrogen gas when the reaction is carried out with water, it is possible to produce hydrogen gas with a high degree of purity. In addition, a certain amount of water is discharged by injecting water from the water supply device 40 into the reaction tank 30 to fill the water, and then sending a certain amount of hydrogen gas from the hydrogen gas supply device 10 to the reaction tank 30. As a result, a space for finally producing hydrogen gas is generally determined, thereby making it possible to control the pressure of the hydrogen gas. In producing hydrogen gas, it is possible to produce high-pressure hydrogen gas as necessary, and it can be said that it is easy to occlude the hydrogen-occlusion alloy at that time.

  In order to facilitate the smooth execution of such a reaction, particularly when hydrogen gas is injected into the reaction tank 30, gas exhaust is performed so that the air in the reaction tank 30 can be discharged. A conduit leading to the outlet 303 is formed in the upper part thereof. That is, it is formed so as to be connected to the gas discharge port 303 from the upper part of the reaction tank 30 via the gas discharge pipe 121, the gas discharge on-off valve 206 that manually opens and closes, and the gas discharge pipe 122. Yes. In addition, a pressure gauge 203 is connected so that the internal pressure can be measured in order to confirm whether the reaction is reliable.

  In addition, a pipe that leads to the unnecessary dredging outlet 302 for taking out the unnecessary dredged sediment that has settled at the bottom is disposed at the bottom of the reaction tank 30. It is formed so as to be connected to the waste collection outlet 302 via the on-off valve 207 and the waste collection pipe 116.

  However, even if the considerations described so far are performed, if water is supplied from the water supply device 40 into the reaction tank 30 when the device of the present invention is operated, the gas supply pipe 102, the pressure, There is a possibility that air will remain in a total of seven pipe sections including the total 203, the water supply pipe 134, the solid particle input pipe 114, the hydrogen gas pipe 103, the gas discharge pipe 121, and the waste dredging pipe 115. Remain.

  Therefore, in the pressure gauge 203, the pipe connecting the pressure gauge 203 and the reaction tank 30 is made thicker and shorter, and the connecting part on the pressure gauge 203 side of the connecting pipe is made slightly lower than the connecting part on the reaction tank 30 side. Air is less likely to remain. In addition, in the water supply pipe 134, while making the pipe thick and short, the water supply speed is slowed down, especially at the final stage when it is close to full water, so that bubbles are not easily generated in the water. By doing so, it becomes possible to cope. Further, in the gas exhaust pipe 121, the gas exhaust on / off valve 206 side is not leveled while being thick and short, and is inclined so as to be higher, or the horizontal part is eliminated and only the vertical part is provided. It is also possible to do. In addition, it is possible to make it difficult for air to remain in the waste dripping piping 115 by making the piping thick and short.

  On the other hand, it can be said that the gas supply pipe 102, the solid particle input pipe 114, and the hydrogen gas pipe 103 can cope with the residual air by making the pipe thick and short, but the reaction tank 30 of each pipe It is also one method to install the residual gas discharge means 221, 222, and 223 by positioning a manual on-off valve at a position near the end of the opposite side connected to the terminal. The residual gas discharge means 221, 222, and 223 are used as the residual gas discharge means 221, 222, and 223 while supplying water as it is when the reaction tank 30 is considered to be full. The on-off valve is opened by a small amount by hand, so that air and bubbles remaining near the on-off valve are exhausted.

  In this case, in the above description, the residual gas discharge means 221, 222, and 223 using the on-off valve are described as being located in three pipes. However, it may be possible not to install it. However, since air is lighter than water, air stays in the upper part of the reaction tank 30, and it can be said that it is particularly effective with respect to the installation of the residual gas discharge means 222, 223 at these two locations. Further, regarding the residual gas discharge means 221, when the gas supply pipe 102 is positioned horizontally as shown in FIG. 1, the same idea as the pressure gauge 203 is used instead of using the on-off valve. That is enough. Of course, it is conceivable to connect the gas supply pipe 102 to the upper part of the reaction tank 30. In addition, a total of seven pipe sections including the gas supply pipe 102, the pressure gauge 203, the water supply pipe 134, the solid particle input pipe 114, the hydrogen gas pipe 103, the gas discharge pipe 121, and the waste dredging pipe 115 are provided. It is also conceivable to delete all or a part.

  In addition, the residual gas discharge means is not limited to the on-off valve, but may include deleting pipes at some or all of the seven locations, such as the thickness, length, inclination, etc. of the piping. Other technologies are also included as long as they are intended to exhaust residual air and bubbles. Therefore, it can be said that the residual gas discharge means is taken into consideration for all of the above-mentioned seven piping sections.

  By the way, when the device of the present invention is operated, water is fed into the reaction tank 30 from the water supply device 40 to fill it up, and after a certain amount of hydrogen gas is fed into the reaction tank 30 from the hydrogen gas supply device 10, The solid particle input opening / closing valve 204 is opened from the particle storage device 20 and any one of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium is sent, and at that time, hydrogen gas flows out to the solid particle storage device 20 side. There was a problem to do. Therefore, when any one of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium is stored in the solid particle storage device 20, the inside of the solid particle storage device 20 is set to the same hydrogen gas atmosphere as in the reaction tank 30, and the same. It was possible to manage with the pressure of no.

  That is, from the hydrogen gas supply device 230 connected to the hydrogen gas concentration meter 231, the gas supply pipe 232 and the gas supply opening / closing valve that is manually opened and closed so that the hydrogen gas can be fed into the solid particle storage device 20. It connects to the solid particle storage device 20 via 233 and the gas supply pipe 234. At the same time, a pressure gauge 235 is connected to the solid particle storage device 20 so that the internal state can be grasped and managed. Naturally, for the purpose of discharging the internal air, it is connected to the solid particle storage device 20 via the gas discharge pipe 236, the gas discharge on-off valve 237 that is manually opened and closed, and the gas discharge pipe 238, It is formed so as to reach the gas discharge port 239. In this case, in order to make the discharge of air more complete, a method of connecting a vacuum pump to the solid particle storage device 20 and exhausting the air completely with the vacuum pump and then feeding hydrogen gas is another method. As a means.

  In other words, when any of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium is charged into the reaction tank 30 from the solid particle storage device 20, hydrogen gas flows out to the solid particle storage device 20 side. For the purpose of preventing this, it can be said that the gas outflow prevention means 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239 are configured. The gas outflow prevention means is not necessarily limited to the above-described technique, and any one of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium is stored in the solid particle storage device 20, and then the solid particle storage device 20 The solid particle charging on / off valve 204 is opened in a vacuum state, and either alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or magnesium is charged, and hydrogen gas in the solid particle storage device 20 is the same as in the reaction tank 30. It is also possible to use a method of injecting water.

  As explained so far, the hydrogen gas produced in the reaction tank 30 can store only the hydrogen gas in the hydrogen storage container 70 containing the hydrogen storage alloy. More specifically, the hydrogen pressure is reduced from the reaction tank 30 to the hydrogen gas pipe 103, the hydrogen gas on-off valve 208 that is manually opened and closed, the hydrogen gas pipe 104, and the pressure that requires hydrogen gas. Hydrogen gas having a constant pressure can be sent to the hydrogen storage container 70 via the pressure reducing valve 211 and the hydrogen gas pipe 105, and the hydrogen storage alloy can store the hydrogen gas. Is possible.

  In this case, from the hydrogen storage container 70, the hydrogen gas release pipe 141, the hydrogen gas release opening / closing valve 212 that is manually opened / closed, and the hydrogen gas release pipe 142 are passed through the hydrogen storage pipe 70, so that the hydrogen that could not be occluded at some time. It is possible to use gas, and at other times it is possible to use hydrogen gas stored or stored by a hydrogen storage container containing another hydrogen storage alloy located at the end of the hydrogen gas discharge pipe 142 It is.

  On the other hand, with respect to the hydrogen storage container 70, in the case of a hydrogen storage alloy, heat is generated when storing, and it is necessary to heat when using the stored hydrogen gas. In order to easily achieve this, as one example, a long tube-type container containing a hydrogen storage alloy is used, and it is conceivable to facilitate heat transfer by forming fins. Therefore, it is also conceivable that warm or cold air is sent to the hydrogen storage container 70 as necessary, or hot water or cold water is sent around the hydrogen storage container 70 by placing a serpentine tube on the outer periphery.

  Moreover, regarding the hydrogen storage container 70 of the present invention apparatus, a hydrogen storage alloy that stores hydrogen is mainly described including FIG. However, as a matter of course, it is possible to use the hydrogen gas stored after separating the hydrogen storage container 70 from the hydrogen gas pipe 105 after storing the hydrogen, and even if the pipe is separated at that time, the hydrogen storage container 70 is used. It may be considered that contrivances such as providing a joint and an on-off valve are taken into consideration so as not to discharge more hydrogen gas. Moreover, regarding the hydrogen storage container 70, it is also conceivable to use a hydrogen cylinder instead of using a hydrogen storage alloy.

  By the way, in the description so far, it has been described that all of the various on-off valves 201, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 212 are manually opened / closed. It is also possible to open and close by full-automatic or semi-automatic.

  The apparatus and method for producing hydrogen gas according to the present invention are configured as described above, and the operation thereof will be described below.

  First, the reaction formula for producing hydrogen gas by reacting water with any one of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium, and the contents generally stated in the reaction are shown.

  In this case, as the alkali metal, all of Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs react with water at room temperature to generate hydrogen and become hydroxide. In particular, Na, K, Rb, and Cs react violently. Therefore, it can be said that considerable heat is generated during the reaction. As an example, when Na and water react with each other, hydrogen gas is generated as shown in [Equation 1].

  As alkaline earth metals, all of Ca, Sr, Ba, and Ra react with cold water to generate hydrogen and become hydroxide. As an example, when Ca and water react with each other, hydrogen gas is generated in the form shown in [Equation 2].

  Further, Mg reacts with hot water to generate hydrogen and become a hydroxide. In addition, when Mg and water react, hydrogen gas is generated in the form as seen in [Equation 3].

  For example, specifically referring to the reaction formula of [Equation 1], 36 g of water, that is, 36 cc of water, reacts with 46 g of sodium to generate 1 mol of hydrogen gas of 22400 cc. Become. In this case, in the present invention, in a state where the reaction tank 30 is filled with water from the water supply device 40, a certain amount of hydrogen gas is sent from the hydrogen gas supply device 10 to send a certain amount. It drains water. Therefore, when the reaction is performed by introducing sodium from the solid particle storage device 20 into the reaction tank 30 filled with a certain amount of hydrogen gas space and water, a portion of the volume of the reacted water is formed as a space. As a result, the generated sodium hydroxide dissolves in the water, and finally the space part of the volume of the reacted water is added to the certain amount of the space where hydrogen gas exists, so that the entire space is added. The hydrogen gas generated in the entire space is added.

  In other words, if a general amount of space where hydrogen gas is present is 2240 cc, when 4.6 g of sodium is added, 2240 cc of hydrogen gas is generated by the reaction, and 3.6 cc of water is simultaneously generated by the reaction. As a result of the decrease, a total space of 2243.6 cc is formed, and hydrogen gas having a pressure twice that of the existing hydrogen gas is stored.

  The smaller the volume of the space generated by feeding a certain amount of hydrogen gas, the higher the pressure of the hydrogen gas. The same can be said for [Equation 2] and [Equation 3], and the reaction formulas are not specifically described for other substances, but similar I can say. However, depending on the type of metal, there is a case where the entire amount does not react due to the formation of any film or the like on the surface of the metal. In this case, the volume of the remaining metal affects the entire space. In addition, depending on the type of metal, the hydroxide may not be dissolved in water at all or may not be dissolved at all. In this case, it must be considered that the entire space is reduced.

  Here, the specific operation of the present invention will be described. As a preparatory stage for starting the reaction, the solid particle storage device 20 requires any substance of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium. A predetermined amount is prepared, and water necessary for reacting with the substance is prepared in the water supply device 40. As a matter of course, it may be considered that hydrogen gas having a required purity can be sent from the hydrogen gas supply device 10 to the gas supply opening / closing valve 201.

  In addition, first, the gas supply on / off valve 201, the solid particle input on / off valve 204, the hydrogen gas on / off valve 208, the feed water on / off valve 210, the unnecessary soot take-off on / off valve 207, and the residual gas discharge means 221, 222, 223 are closed. In addition, the gas discharge opening / closing valve 206 is opened, and then the water supply opening / closing valve 210 is opened to start feeding water into the reaction tank 30. At that time, as a matter of course, the air in the reaction tank 30 is discharged from the gas discharge port 303.

  In such a situation, when it is confirmed that water is discharged from the gas discharge port 303, the gas discharge opening / closing valve 206 is closed. On the other hand, when it is confirmed that the discharge of the bubbles is completed while the residual gas discharge means 221, 222, and 223 are slightly opened individually, and only the water is discharged, the residual gas discharge means 221, 222, 223 are individually set. Will be closed. Then, the water supply opening / closing valve 210 is closed.

  Next, hydrogen gas is fed into the reaction tank 30 by opening the gas supply opening / closing valve 201 and the gas discharge opening / closing valve 206 in this order. Then, by measuring the amount of water discharged from the gas outlet 303, it can be confirmed that a certain amount of hydrogen gas is being sent into the reaction tank 30. Therefore, the gas supply on / off valve 201 is closed and the gas discharge on / off valve 206 is closed. The flow meter 215 can also measure the amount of hydrogen gas fed into the reaction tank 30.

  Furthermore, in the solid particle storage device 20 that stores any one of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, and magnesium, in addition to the solid particle input on / off valve 204, the solid particle storage on / off valve 205 and gas With the discharge on / off valve 237 closed, hydrogen gas is fed from the hydrogen gas supply device 230 to the solid particle storage device 20 while the gas supply on / off valve 233 is opened. Thereafter, the gas discharge on-off valve 237 is opened and closed several times, so that the solid particle storage device 20 can finally be filled with high-purity hydrogen gas. In that case, it is important to make the pressure in the solid particle storage device 20 coincide with the pressure in the reaction tank 30.

  Finally, with the gas supply on / off valve 233 and the gas discharge on / off valve 237 closed, the solid particle input on / off valve 204 is opened to allow any one of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium to be added to the reaction tank 30. The solid particle charging on / off valve 204 is closed. Therefore, a reaction for producing hydrogen gas is performed in the reaction tank 30.

  On the other hand, the hydrogen gas generated at the end of the reaction can be stored in the hydrogen storage device 70 by opening the hydrogen gas on-off valve 208. However, in the present invention, it is also possible to use the hydrogen gas directly from the reaction tank 30 without sending the hydrogen gas into the hydrogen storage device 70. In the case of direct use, the reaction tank 30 can be used as a hydrogen storage device so as to be transported by detaching it at the joint portion far from the reaction tank 30 of each on-off valve. Here, in the case where the hydrogen storage device 70 uses a hydrogen storage alloy, it is one of the important ideas to cope with cooling because it generates heat when storing and storing hydrogen gas. In addition, the hydrogen gas stored by heating can be used.

  Incidentally, the hydrogen gas generated by the reaction in the reaction tank 30 may be sent to the hydrogen storage device 70 for storage or used directly from the reaction tank 30, but when it becomes empty, It becomes necessary to generate hydrogen gas again. In that case, first, the water-centered substance in the reaction tank 30 is discharged by opening the waste trap opening / closing valve 207, then the reaction tank 30 is washed with water, and then the initial reaction is performed. The operation from the start preparation stage should be repeated again.

  As seen in FIG. 1, the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the hydrogen gas supply device 10, the hydrogen gas concentration meter 202 connected thereto, and the hydrogen gas supply device 230 are different in the first embodiment. In contrast to the hydrogen gas concentration meter 231 connected thereto, in Example 2, the inert gas supply device 10A, the nitrogen gas concentration meter 202A connected thereto, and the inert gas were provided. The supply device 230A and the nitrogen gas concentration meter 231A connected to the supply device 230A are provided. That is, in Example 1, hydrogen gas is produced in a hydrogen gas atmosphere, while in Example 2, in an inert gas atmosphere containing nitrogen gas. It is trying to react.

  The inert gas supply device 10A includes a high-pressure cylinder filled with any one of nitrogen, helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, radon, and an inert gas containing nitrogen gas. An apparatus for producing nitrogen gas produced from a compressed air by a membrane separation system or a PSA system is conceivable. However, the nitrogen gas production apparatus is not limited to the membrane separation method or the PSA method, and a cryogenic separation method in which air is cooled and separated is also conceivable.

  By the way, the PSA system is an abbreviation for Pressure Swing Adsorption, and passes compressed air through an adsorbent that is a kind of activated carbon, adsorbs a specific gas under a high pressure, and a specific gas under a low pressure. This is a method of separating nitrogen by adsorbing oxygen or the like from compressed air using the adsorbent's characteristic of exhaling. In this case, it has the same principle as a heatless dryer, and the apparatus is a two-cylinder type, which is larger than the membrane separation type, and a maintenance load such as a solenoid valve is applied. In terms of nitrogen purity, it was usually about 99 to 99.9999%.

  On the other hand, in the membrane separation method, compressed air is sent into a hollow fiber membrane, which is a hollow fiber polymer membrane, and nitrogen is removed by utilizing the difference in permeation amount of each gas component contained in the compressed air to the membrane. This is a separation method. In this case, although it is smaller than the PSA method and has a smaller maintenance load, it is about 95 to 99.9% in terms of nitrogen purity, so it is not suitable for high purity needs.

  The hollow fiber membrane is made of polyester and is made of a bundle of thousands of straw-shaped hollow fibers. By passing compressed air through the hollow fiber, each gas has its own unique hollow fiber. By utilizing the difference in the permeation speed of the membrane, the nitrogen gas most contained in the air is left.

  And as the speed which the gas which comprises compressed air permeate | transmits the membrane of a hollow fiber, there exist gas which discharge | releases quickly and gas which is hard to discharge | release, and the remaining gas will be nitrogen gas. In particular, when the hollow fiber membrane is made of polyester, water vapor is most permeable, followed by hydrogen and helium, followed by carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, and finally oxygen, argon and nitrogen are most permeable. The nitrogen gas is the gas that is most difficult to permeate.

  Here, when the temperature does not change, the purity of the generated nitrogen gas depends on the pressure and time of the compressed air, that is, the flow rate. In addition to polyester, resins such as polyolefin and polypropylene are also conceivable as the hollow fiber membrane.

  On the other hand, any one of the inert gases including the nitrogen gas from the inert gas supply apparatus 10A is sent to the reaction tank 30 that performs the reaction for producing the hydrogen gas, as in the case of the hydrogen gas in the first embodiment. It has become. The inert gas supply device 10A is connected with a nitrogen gas concentration meter 202A that can measure the internal concentration in order to confirm whether or not the supply of nitrogen gas is ensured when nitrogen gas is supplied. Yes.

Similarly, any of the inert gases containing nitrogen gas from the inert gas supply device 230A is replaced with any of the inert gas gases containing nitrogen gas, as in the case of the hydrogen gas of Example 1. It is fed into the solid particle storage device 20 storing either a predetermined amount of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or magnesium.
The nitrogen gas concentration meter 231A that can measure the internal concentration is connected to the inert gas supply device 230A in order to confirm whether or not the supply of the nitrogen gas is ensured when the nitrogen gas is supplied. Yes.

  When any of the inert gas containing nitrogen gas is nitrogen gas, by measuring the nitrogen gas concentration with the nitrogen gas concentration meter 202A connected to the inert gas supply device 10A, It can be judged whether the purity of the nitrogen gas is perfect. Even when the gas is an inert gas, it is possible to determine whether or not the purity of the inert gas is complete by measuring the concentration of the oxygen gas.

  By the way, as the configuration of the present invention device of the second embodiment, the residual gas discharge means 221, 222, 223 and the gas outflow prevention means 230A, 231A, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236 are the configurations other than those described so far. 237, 238, and 239 are the same as those in the first embodiment, and will be omitted.

  The apparatus and method for producing hydrogen gas according to the present invention are configured as described above, and the operation thereof will be described below.

  In this case, the difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that, instead of feeding hydrogen gas into the reaction tank 30 prior to the reaction, any one of inert gases including nitrogen gas is fed. Therefore, a significant difference from the first embodiment is that when water of a predetermined temperature is reacted with either alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or magnesium to produce hydrogen gas, first, water is supplied from the water supply device 40 into the reaction tank 30. Is injected to fill the water, and then a certain amount of water is discharged by sending any of the inert gas containing a certain amount of nitrogen gas from the inert gas supply device 10A to the reaction tank 30; Finally, by sending any one of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium from the solid particle storage device 20 to the reaction tank 30, the reaction was started and a gas centered on hydrogen gas was created in the reaction tank 30. is there.

  In addition, instead of the hydrogen gas of Example 1, in the case of Example 2, the solid particles existing in the solid particle storage device 20 can be obtained by using any one of inert gases including nitrogen gas. There will be a buffer portion of any of the inert gases including nitrogen gas between the water existing in the reaction tank 30 and any one of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or magnesium will be added to the reaction tank. When it is introduced into the tank 30, the water in the reaction tank 30 does not easily enter the solid particle storage device 20. In this case, hydrogen gas is also effective, but the safety is significantly improved compared to hydrogen gas. You can say that.

  Here, in the reaction, safety can be ensured even a little by performing it in an atmosphere of any of inert gases including nitrogen gas when reacting with water. On the other hand, the produced gas is a mixed gas of hydrogen gas and any one of inert gases including nitrogen gas. However, because the pressure can be increased, it is easy to store only hydrogen gas in the hydrogen storage alloy, and when used as hydrogen gas, there is no problem depending on the situation. It can be said that a mixed gas centered on hydrogen gas that can be developed has been developed. Furthermore, since the mixed gas itself is a mixed gas of an inert gas containing hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas, it can be used directly as it is, and in particular, the smaller the proportion of the inert gas containing nitrogen gas, the more I think the possibilities will be expanded.

  The present invention relates to a hydrogen gas production apparatus and production method. More specifically, the present invention creates hydrogen gas by reacting either alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or magnesium with water at a predetermined temperature. Connect a water supply device that can drip water to a sealed reaction tank that is completely shut off from the outside, and a hydrogen gas supply device that can supply hydrogen gas via a flow meter. Connect a solid particle storage device that stores either alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium so that it can fall, and first inject water from the water supply device into the reaction tank so that it becomes full, and then hydrogen gas supply device A certain amount of water is discharged by sending a certain amount of hydrogen gas from the reactor to the reaction tank. Providing a hydrogen production device, a hydrogen storage vessel, a hydrogen purification device, and a hydrogen transport device by initiating the reaction by creating one of the alkali tank, the alkaline earth metal, or magnesium, and generating hydrogen gas in the reaction tank It describes the technology.

10 .... Hydrogen gas supply device 10A ... Inert gas supply device 20 ... Solid particle storage device 30 ... Reaction tank 40 ... Water supply Apparatus 50... Heating / cooling means 70... Hydrogen storage container 100... Gas supply pipe 101. ····································································································································································································································· Solid particle charging pipe 114 Solid particle charging pipe 115 Unnecessary soot extraction pipe 116 Unnecessary soot extraction pipe 121 Gas discharge piping 122 Gas discharge pipe 131 ... Water storage pipe 132 ... Water storage pipe 1 3... Water supply pipe 134... Water supply pipe 141... Hydrogen gas discharge pipe 142... Hydrogen gas discharge pipe 201.・ ・ Hydrogen gas concentration meter 202 </ b> A... Nitrogen gas concentration meter 203... Pressure gauge 204.・ Gas discharge on / off valve 207 ····································································································· Pressure reducing valve 212... Hydrogen gas release opening and closing valve 215... Flow meter 221... Residual gas discharging means 222. Means 230... Hydrogen gas supply device (gas outflow prevention means)
230A... Inert gas supply device (gas outflow prevention means)
231 ... Hydrogen gas concentration meter (gas outflow prevention means)
231A ... Nitrogen gas concentration meter (gas outflow prevention means)
232 ... Gas supply piping (gas outflow prevention means)
233 ... Gas supply on / off valve (gas outflow prevention means)
234 ... Gas supply piping (gas outflow prevention means)
235 ... Pressure gauge (gas outflow prevention means)
236 ... Gas exhaust pipe (gas outflow prevention means)
237 ... Gas discharge on / off valve (gas outflow prevention means)
238 ... Gas discharge pipe (gas outflow prevention means)
239 ... Gas outlet (gas outflow prevention means)
301 ··· Solid particle inlet 302 ·········································································

Claims (4)

  A water supply device that can drop water is connected to a sealed and completely shut off reaction tank that generates hydrogen gas by reacting either alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium with water at a predetermined temperature. In addition, a hydrogen gas supply device that can supply hydrogen gas is connected via a flow meter, and further, a solid particle storage device that stores either alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium in a fallable manner is connected. First, water is injected into the reaction tank from the water supply device so as to become full, and then a certain amount of water is supplied by sending a certain amount of hydrogen gas from the hydrogen gas supply device to the reaction tank. Finally, either alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or magnesium is put into the reaction tank from the solid particle storage device. By Komu Ri, apparatus for producing hydrogen gas, characterized in that to produce the hydrogen gas into the reaction tank to initiate the reaction.   A water supply device that can drop water is connected to a sealed and completely shut off reaction tank that generates hydrogen gas by reacting either alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium with water at a predetermined temperature. In addition, an inert gas supply device that can supply any of inert gases including nitrogen gas is connected via a flowmeter, and either alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or magnesium can be dropped. The stored solid particle storage device is connected, and water is firstly injected from the water supply device into the reaction tank so as to be full, and then a certain amount of nitrogen gas is contained in the reaction tank from the inert gas supply device. A certain amount of water is discharged by feeding any of the inert gas, and finally the alkali metal is transferred from the solid particle storage device to the reaction tank. Others by sending either an alkaline earth metal or magnesium, apparatus for producing hydrogen gas, characterized in that to produce the gas around the hydrogen gas into the reaction tank to initiate the reaction.   When hydrogen gas is produced by reacting either alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or magnesium with water at a specified temperature, water is first injected into the reaction tank that is sealed and completely shut off from the outside. Then, a certain amount of water is discharged by sending a certain amount of hydrogen gas, and finally hydrogen gas is produced by sending either alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or magnesium. A method for producing hydrogen gas.   When hydrogen gas is produced by reacting either alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or magnesium with water at a specified temperature, water is first injected into the reaction tank that is sealed and completely shut off from the outside. And then draining a certain amount of water by feeding one of the inert gases containing a certain amount of nitrogen gas, and finally feeding either alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or magnesium A method for producing hydrogen gas, characterized by producing a gas centered on hydrogen gas.

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