JP2014117653A - Desalination system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a desalination system capable of enlarging the salinity difference of a concentrated salt water and fresh water or sea water and possessing an osmotic pressure power generator having a high power generation efficiency.SOLUTION: The desalination system of the present invention includes a desalinator, a salt maker, an osmotic pressure power generator, and a salt feeder, whereas the desalinator separates, via a reverse osmotic membrane, salt water into fresh water and concentrated salt water and then discharges the fresh water and the concentrated salt water, whereas the salt maker manufactures salt by inducing the deposition of the salt content included within the concentrated salt water discharged from the desalinator, whereas the osmotic pressure power generator possesses a high-concentration-side flow channel, a low-concentration-side flow channel, a semi-permeable membrane partitioning the high-concentration-side flow channel and the low-concentration-side flow channel, and a hydraulic power generating turbine, whereas the salt feeder induces a salinity gain of the concentrated salt water by feeding the salt manufactured by the salt maker into the concentrated salt water streaming through the high-concentration-side flow channel.

Description

  The present invention relates to a desalination system.

In areas where there is a shortage of domestic water such as drinking water, a desalination plant has been constructed that desalinates seawater to produce domestic water. Seawater desalination methods include the multi-stage flash method in which fresh water is produced by cooling the steam generated by heating the salt water, and the reverse of separating salt water pressurized by a reverse osmosis membrane (RO membrane) into fresh water and concentrated salt water. There is an infiltration method. Since the reverse osmosis method is more energy efficient than the multistage flash method, a reverse osmosis membrane filtration device using the reverse osmosis method is adopted in many desalination plants.
In addition, a power generation device that generates electric power by using a salt concentration difference between concentrated salt water, which is a by-product of a reverse osmosis membrane filtration device, and fresh water or seawater is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).

JP 2010-27213 A

However, since the salt concentration of concentrated salt water, which is a by-product of the reverse osmosis membrane filtration device, is about 5.5 to 6%, the difference in salt concentration between concentrated salt water and fresh water or sea water that the power generator can use for power generation is compared. The power generation efficiency of the power generator is low.
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and provides a desalination system that can increase the salinity concentration difference between concentrated salt water and fresh water or sea water and has an osmotic pressure power generation device with high power generation efficiency. To do.

  The present invention comprises a desalination apparatus, a salt production apparatus, an osmotic pressure power generation apparatus, and a salt supply unit, wherein the desalination apparatus separates salt water into fresh water and concentrated salt water by a reverse osmosis membrane, and Fresh water and concentrated salt water are each discharged, and the salt making device is configured to produce salt by precipitating salt contained in the concentrated salt water discharged from the desalting device, and the osmotic pressure The power generation device includes a high-concentration side channel through which concentrated salt water discharged from the desalination device flows, a low-concentration side channel through which fresh water or salt water flows, the high-concentration side channel, and the low-concentration side channel. A semi-permeable membrane for partitioning, and a hydroelectric turbine connected to the high-concentration side flow path or the low-concentration side flow path, wherein the salt supply unit applies the salt production apparatus to the concentrated salt water flowing through the high-concentration side flow path Said concentration by supplying the salt produced by Providing desalination system, characterized in that increasing the salinity of the water.

According to the present invention, the desalinator is provided, and the desalinator is configured to separate salt water into fresh water and concentrated salt water using a reverse osmosis membrane, and to discharge the fresh water and the concentrated salt water, respectively. Therefore, fresh water can be produced by a desalting apparatus.
According to the present invention, a salt making apparatus is provided, and the salt making apparatus is configured to produce salt by precipitating salt contained in the concentrated salt water discharged from the desalting apparatus. Can be manufactured. Moreover, the salt content contained in concentrated salt water can be stored as a salt by this.

According to the present invention, an osmotic pressure power generation device is provided, wherein the osmotic pressure power generation device includes a high-concentration side channel through which concentrated salt water discharged from the desalination device flows, and a low-concentration side channel through which fresh water or salt water flows. A semipermeable membrane separating the high concentration side flow channel and the low concentration side flow channel and a hydroelectric turbine communicating with the high concentration side flow channel or the low concentration side flow channel. Osmotic pressure can be generated, and water contained in fresh water or salt water flowing through the low concentration side channel can permeate the semipermeable membrane and flow into the high concentration side channel. Electricity can be generated by a hydroelectric turbine connected to the high-concentration side flow path or the low-concentration side flow path using the water flow caused by the osmotic pressure. Further, according to the present invention, the concentrated salt water discharged from the desalination device is supplied to the high concentration side flow path of the osmotic pressure power generation device, and the osmotic pressure power generation device generates electric power, thereby converting the concentrated salt water into electric power. it can. Therefore, the concentrated salt water has energy for generating electric power by the osmotic pressure power generation device, and energy can be stored by storing the concentrated salt water.
According to the present invention, the apparatus includes a salt supply unit, and the salt supply unit increases the salt concentration of the concentrated salt water by supplying the salt produced by the salt making apparatus to the concentrated salt water flowing through the high concentration side channel. Therefore, the salt concentration difference between the concentrated salt water flowing through the high-concentration channel and the fresh water or salt water flowing through the low-concentration channel can be increased, and the osmotic pressure generated in the semipermeable membrane can be increased. As a result, the amount of water flowing into the high concentration side channel from the low concentration side channel can be increased, and the power generation efficiency of the osmotic pressure power generation device can be increased. Therefore, the salt produced by the salt production device can be converted into electric power by the osmotic pressure power generation device and the salt supply unit. Therefore, the salt has energy for generating electric power in the osmotic pressure power generation device, and energy can be stored at a high energy density by storing the salt produced by the salt production device.

It is a schematic block diagram of the desalination system of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the seawater intake device contained in the desalination system of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the seawater intake device contained in the desalination system of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic structure figure of a part of desalination system of one embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic structure figure of a part of desalination system of one embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic structure figure of a part of desalination system of one embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic structure figure of a part of desalination system of one embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic structure figure of a part of desalination system of one embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic structure figure of a part of desalination system of one embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic structure figure of a part of desalination system of one embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic structure figure of a part of desalination system of one embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic structure figure of a part of desalination system of one embodiment of the present invention.

The desalination system of the present invention includes a desalination apparatus, a salt making apparatus, an osmotic pressure power generation apparatus, and a salt supply unit, and the desalination apparatus separates the salt water into fresh water and concentrated salt water using a reverse osmosis membrane. And the fresh water and the concentrated salt water are each discharged, and the salt making device is configured to produce a salt by precipitating the salt contained in the concentrated salt water discharged from the desalting device. The osmotic pressure power generation device includes a high-concentration side channel through which concentrated salt water discharged from the desalination device flows, a low-concentration side channel through which fresh water or salt water flows, the high-concentration side channel, and the low-concentration side. Concentrated salt water that has a semipermeable membrane that partitions a flow path, and a hydroelectric turbine that is in communication with the high-concentration side flow path or the low-concentration side flow path, wherein the salt supply unit flows through the high-concentration side flow path To supply the salt produced by the salt making apparatus to And wherein the increasing the salinity of the concentrate brine by.
In the present invention, salt water refers to salt water taken from the sea, and concentrated salt water refers to salt water obtained by concentrating salinity from the salt water taken from the sea using a desalination apparatus.

The desalination system of the present invention may further include a salt storage unit that stores the salt produced by the salt making apparatus, and the salt supply unit stores the salt stored in the salt storage unit in the concentrated salt water flowing through the high concentration side channel. It is preferable to be provided to supply
According to such a configuration, since the salt that can be converted into electric power by the osmotic pressure power generation device can be stored in the salt storage unit, energy can be stored at a high energy density.
The desalination system of the present invention further includes salt water supplied to the desalting apparatus, fresh water or salt water supplied to the low-concentration side flow path, the desalination apparatus, or a heating unit for heating the low-concentration side flow path. It is preferable.
According to such a configuration, the movement of water molecules becomes active, and water can easily penetrate into the reverse osmosis membrane included in the desalting apparatus or the semipermeable membrane included in the osmotic pressure power generation apparatus. This can improve the desalination efficiency of the desalination apparatus or increase the power generation amount of the osmotic pressure power generation apparatus.

The desalination system of the present invention further includes a solar cell, and the heating unit supplies the salt water supplied to the demineralizer by heat exchange that moves heat generated when the solar cell receives sunlight. It is preferable that the fresh water or salt water supplied to the concentration side flow path, the desalination apparatus, or the low concentration side flow path is provided to be heated.
According to such a structure, the temperature rise of a solar cell can be suppressed and the fall of the photoelectric conversion efficiency of a solar cell can be suppressed. In addition, water can be easily permeated into the reverse osmosis membrane included in the desalination apparatus or the semipermeable membrane included in the osmotic pressure power generation apparatus, improving the desalination efficiency of the desalination apparatus, or the power generation amount of the osmotic pressure power generation apparatus. Can be increased.
The present invention includes a desalination apparatus, a salt making apparatus, an osmotic pressure power generation apparatus, and a heating unit, wherein the desalination apparatus separates salt water into fresh water and concentrated salt water using a reverse osmosis membrane, and the fresh water And the concentrated salt water is discharged, and the salt making device is configured to produce salt by precipitating salt contained in the concentrated salt water discharged from the desalting device, and the osmotic pressure power generation The apparatus partitions the high concentration side flow path through which the concentrated salt water discharged from the desalination apparatus flows, the low concentration side flow path through which fresh water or salt water flows, the high concentration side flow path, and the low concentration side flow path. A semi-permeable membrane, and a hydroelectric turbine connected to the high-concentration side flow path or the low-concentration side flow path, and a heating unit is provided in the salt water supplied to the demineralizer and the low-concentration side flow path. Supply fresh water or salt water, the desalination device, or the low Desalination system provided to heat the degrees side channel is also provided.
According to the desalination system of the present invention, water can easily penetrate into the reverse osmosis membrane included in the desalination apparatus or the semipermeable membrane included in the osmotic pressure power generation apparatus, and the desalination efficiency of the desalination apparatus can be improved. Alternatively, the power generation amount of the osmotic pressure power generation device can be increased.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The configurations shown in the drawings and the following description are merely examples, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to those shown in the drawings and the following description.

Desalination system Figure 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a desalination system 70 of the present embodiment. Moreover, FIGS. 4-12 is a schematic block diagram of a part of the desalination system 70 of this embodiment.
The desalination system 70 of the present embodiment includes a desalination apparatus 25, a salt making apparatus 38, an osmotic pressure power generation apparatus 30, and a salt supply unit 66. The desalination apparatus 25 converts salt water into fresh water using a reverse osmosis membrane. The salt water is separated from the concentrated salt water, and the fresh water and the concentrated salt water are respectively discharged. The salt making device 38 precipitates the salt contained in the concentrated salt water discharged from the desalting device 25, thereby allowing the salt to precipitate. The osmotic pressure power generation device 30 is configured to produce a high-concentration side channel 35 through which concentrated salt water discharged from the desalination device 25 flows, a low-concentration side channel 34 through which fresh water or salt water flows, and a high-concentration side channel. The semi-permeable membrane 32 that partitions the flow path 35 and the low concentration side flow path 34, and the hydroelectric power generation turbine 37 that communicates with the high concentration side flow path 35 or the low concentration side flow path 34. Made in concentrated salt water flowing through high concentration side channel 35 By supplying the produced salt by apparatus 38, characterized in that increasing the salinity of the concentrate brine.
Moreover, the desalination system 70 of this embodiment can be provided with the seawater intake device 20, the filtration apparatus 50, the photocatalyst part 48, the electric power generating apparatus using natural energy, the salt storage part 67, the heating part 40, etc.
Hereinafter, the desalination system 70 of this embodiment is demonstrated.

1. Seawater intake device The seawater intake device included in the desalination system 70 of the present embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it can take seawater as a raw material of saltwater to be desalinated, but has a structure as shown in FIGS. be able to.
2 and 3 are schematic cross-sectional views showing the configuration of the seawater intake device 20, respectively.
In the desalination system 70 of this embodiment, salt water can be taken in with the pump 12d with which the seawater intake device 20 is provided. The taken salt water can flow into the filtration device 50. Moreover, the salt water taken in may flow into the filtration device 50 after flowing through the photocatalytic device.
The seawater intake device 20 is provided near the coast, has a well hole, and is provided with a well 3, a water tank 4, and a well where seawater that has penetrated into the ground flows from the side wall or bottom of the well hole. 3 and the water storage tank 4, and a communication flow path 8 for connecting the salt water in the well or the pump 12 d for pumping up the salt water in the water tank. The well 3 is a water surface level of the salt water 6 in the well 3. Is connected to the water level of the sea water surface, and the communication channel 8 is provided so that the salt water 6 in the well 3 flows into the water tank 4 when the water level of the salt water 6 in the well 3 becomes high. The water tank 4 stores the salt water 7 flowing from the well 3.

1-1. Well Well 3 is provided near the coast. The well 3 is provided so that seawater flows from the ground. The well hole of the well 3 can be formed by, for example, excavating a sand beach with a hydraulic excavator or a boring machine and burying a well pipe such as a metal pipe or a concrete pipe in the sand beach.
The well 3 may be provided, for example, so that seawater flows into the well from the gravel layer 1 at the bottom of the well hole (seawater inflow part), and the seawater from the seawater inflow part provided with the inflow hole 10 on the side wall of the well hole. May flow into the well 3. For example, the inflow hole 10 may be formed by providing a hole having a diameter of about 0.5 mm to 2 mm on the side wall, or may be formed by providing a slit having a width of about 0.5 to 2 mm. It may be formed by using a net-like material or a porous material.

The depth of the well 3 is not particularly limited as long as the bottom of the well becomes deeper than the sea level at the time of low tide of the tide, and the seawater can flow into the well 3, but may be, for example, 7 m or more and 40 m or less. Further, the deep part may be formed of a metal tube having an inner diameter of about 10 cm to 30 cm, and the shallow part may be provided with concrete or the like so that a large amount of salt water can be stored.
In addition, the salt water in the well 3 can be taken in by pumping the salt water in the pumping pipe provided in the well 3 by the pump 12d.

  When the seawater inflow portion of the well 3 is connected to the sea through the gravel layer 1 or the like, seawater that has penetrated into the gravel layer 1 from the sea can flow into the well 3 from the seawater inflow portion. Moreover, the salt water in the well 3 can also flow out into the gravel layer 1 from the seawater inflow portion. For this reason, by providing a seawater inflow portion in the well 3, the water level of the salt water in the well is linked to the water level of the sea water accompanying the tidal activity of the sea. For this reason, the energy consumption of the pump used for pumping can be made low by pumping the salt water in the well 3 at the time of high tide. For example, energy consumption can be further reduced in an area where the difference in tidal range (about 9 m) such as Seychelles is large.

You may provide the seawater inflow part which has the inflow hole 10 in the wide range of the bottom of the well 3, and a side wall like FIG. As a result, the amount of seawater flowing into the well 3 can be increased, and the amount of salt water taken from the well 3 can be increased.
Moreover, a seawater inflow part can be provided in the part lower than the sea level in the low tide of the tide as shown in FIG. 3, and the part higher than the sea level in the low tide of the tide can be a non-permeable part having water permeability. By this, seawater can be made to flow in from the deep gravel layer 1 into the well 3, and the distance of the gravel layer 1 through which this seawater passes can be lengthened. Thereby, the filtration distance by the gravel layer 1 of the seawater flowing into the well 3 can be increased, and the quality of the salt water in the well 3 can be improved.

Further, when the seawater inflow portion and the non-permeable portion are provided as shown in FIG. 3, the well 3 can have an airtight structure in which the gas above the surface of the salt water in the well 3 is substantially sealed. If the well 3 has an airtight structure as shown in FIG. 3, the water level of the salt water 6 in the well 3 can be increased. In addition, the atmospheric pressure in the well can be lowered, and water droplets generated in the well can flow into the salt water. This will be described below.
In the rising tide, the leak valve 15 provided in the upper part of the well 3 is opened and seawater is caused to flow into the well 3 from the inflow hole 10. At high tide, the water level of the salt water 6 in the well 3 is substantially the same as the sea level at high tide. At this time, the leak valve 15 is closed. When the sea level is lowered and the sea level is lowered, the water level of the salt water 6 in the well 3 is lowered in conjunction with the sea level, but when the level of the salt water 6 is lowered, the atmospheric pressure in the well 3 is lowered. . For this reason, a difference arises between the atmospheric pressure in the well 3 and the atmospheric pressure, and the water level of the salt water 6 in the well 3 becomes higher than the sea level. Moreover, when the atmospheric | air pressure in the well 3 falls, the salt water 6 will become easy to vaporize and the quantity of the water vapor | steam in the well 3 will increase.
Next, the tide is raised with the leak valve 15 closed, and when the salt water level in the well 3 rises, the atmospheric pressure in the well 3 rises, and the water vapor in the well 3 becomes water droplets and flows into the salt water in the well 3. For this reason, the salt concentration of the salt water in the well 3 decreases. This can reduce the cost of taking the salt water in the well 3 and making it fresh.

  It is to be noted that the opening on the side of the water storage tank 4 of the communication flow path 8 is provided to be salt water in the water storage tank 4 so that the gas in the water storage tank 4 does not flow into the well 3 through the communication flow path 8. it can. For example, the outlet of the communication channel can be provided close to the bottom of the water storage tank 4. Further, the communication flow path 8 can have a backflow prevention valve 22 in order to suppress the salt water accumulated in the water storage tank 4 from flowing into the well 3 due to a decrease in the atmospheric pressure in the well 3.

The well 3 may have an inlet close to the bottom of the well 3 and a soot tube connected to the pump 12e. Further, sand or soil that has entered the well 3 through the inflow hole 10 or the like and deposited on the bottom 3 of the well 3 is sucked up from the inlet of the vertical pipe and discharged from the well 3. By providing such dredging equipment, it is possible to suppress the accumulation of sand and soil in the well 3, and it is possible to suppress a decrease in the amount of salt water that can be taken from the well 3.
The well 3 can also have an inclined bottom. Moreover, the inflow port of the soot pipe can be provided close to the lowest part of the inclined bottom part. As a result, the sand and soil accumulated at the bottom of the well 3 can be collected at the lowest part, and the collected sand and soil can be sucked up by the culvert pipe.
Moreover, the movable bottom provided in the well 3 so that pulling up was possible can also be provided. As a result, the movable bottom can be raised and the sand and soil deposited on the bottom of the well can be dredged.
Sand or soil dredging deposited at the bottom of the well 3 can be performed, for example, at high tide. Thereby, the energy consumption required for the bag can be reduced.

1-2. Water storage tank, communication channel The water storage tank 4 communicates with the well 3 through the communication channel 8 and is provided so as to store salt water flowing in from the well 3. Further, the communication channel 8 is provided so that the salt water in the well 3 flows into the water tank 4 when the water level of the salt water in the well 3 becomes high.
The inflow port on the well 3 side of the communication channel 8 can be provided at a position slightly lower than the water level of the sea level at high tide. As a result, the level of salt water in the well 3 at the time of high tide is higher than the inlet on the well 3 side of the communication channel 8, and salt water in the well 3 can flow into the communication channel 8. The salt water that has flowed through 8 can flow into the water storage tank 4. In addition, by providing the inlet on the well 3 side of the communication channel 8 at this position, when the salt water level in the well 3 is lowered due to low tide, the salt water in the water storage tank 4 passes through the communication channel 8. It is possible to prevent the water from flowing into the well 3, and the water tank 4 can store the salt water flowing from the well 3.

The water storage tank 4 is not particularly limited as long as it can store salt water flowing in from the well 3, but may be made of concrete, plastic, or metal, for example.
The water tank 4 may be a water tank separated by a well 3 and a partition wall. In this case, the communication channel 8 may be provided at the partition wall or the upper end thereof.
In addition, the water storage tank 4 can have a pumping pipe connected to the pump 12d. The salt water in the water storage tank 4 can be taken from this pumping pipe.

The water tank 4 may be provided so that fresh water can flow in. Thereby, the salt concentration of the salt water in the water storage tank 4 can be reduced, and the cost for desalinating the salt water can be reduced. The fresh water flowing into the water storage tank 4 may be, for example, fresh water generated as a result of desalination by a desalination plant, groundwater, or fresh water taken from a river or the like.
The communication flow path 8 may be a tubular flow path, and is provided on a partition wall that separates the well 3 and the water storage tank 4 from which salt water flows when the salt water in the well 3 overflows. May be.

2. Photocatalyst device The photocatalyst device includes a photocatalyst unit 48 and is provided so as to receive sunlight. The salt water that has flowed into the photocatalyst device comes out of the photocatalyst device after coming into contact with the photocatalyst portion 48 where photocatalytic activity has occurred by receiving light. By circulating the salt water through such a photocatalyst device, the organic matter contained in the salt water can be decomposed and removed by the photocatalytic activity of the photocatalyst unit 48. In particular, bromic acid that may be generated from a small amount of bromine contained in seawater can be decomposed. In addition, clogging of the membrane in the filtration device 50, the desalting device 25, and the like can be suppressed, and further, bacteria and the like can be prevented from breeding in the salt water.
A known photocatalyst material such as titanium oxide can be used for the photocatalyst portion 48.

3. Filtration device, salt water tank The filtration device 50 performs filtration of salt water flowing in through a filtration membrane 51 such as an MF (microfiltration) membrane or a UF (ultrafiltration) membrane. By providing such a filtration device 50, it is possible to remove fine particles, bacterial cells, and the like contained in the salt water. The filtration device 50 can include a pressurization device or a decompression device in order to filter through the filtration membrane 51.
The salt water filtered by the filtration device 50 is stored in the salt water tank 55 and then supplied to the desalination device 25 by the pump 12a. Further, the salt water stored in the salt water tank 55 may be supplied to the low concentration side flow path 34 of the osmotic pressure power generation device 30.
Note that the salinity of the saltwater stored in the saltwater tank 55 is substantially the same as the salinity of seawater, and is about 3.5%, although it varies depending on the location where the seawater is taken.
A heating unit 40 that raises the temperature of the salt water stored in the salt water tank 55 may be provided. The heating unit 40 will be described later.

As the pump 12a, a high-pressure pump such as a turbine pump or a plunger pump can be used, and approximately 60 atm of salt water pressurized by the pump 12a is supplied to the desalting apparatus 25. Thereby, the salt water supplied in the desalting apparatus 25 can be filtered by the reverse osmosis membrane, and fresh water can be produced by the desalting apparatus 25.
Further, the pump 12a may be driven by electric power supplied from a power generator using natural energy such as the solar battery 28. The pump 12 a may be driven by electric power supplied from the osmotic pressure power generation device 30.

4). Desalination device The desalination device 25 is separated from a reverse osmosis membrane (RO membrane) that filters supplied salt water to separate fresh water and concentrated salt water, and a fresh water discharge port 16 that discharges the separated fresh water. And a concentrated salt water discharge port 17 for discharging the concentrated salt water. In addition, the desalinator 25 can include a salt water channel and a fresh water channel partitioned by a reverse osmosis membrane. The reverse osmosis membrane has many pores with a diameter of about 2 nanometers or less, and water molecules can pass through the pores, but hydrated sodium ions and chloride ions can pass through the pores. Can not. The desalinator 25 uses the properties of this reverse osmosis membrane to filter salt water to produce fresh water and concentrated salt water.
In addition, when the temperature of the salt water in the desalination apparatus 25 is raised, the movement of water molecules can be activated and water easily passes through the reverse osmosis membrane, so that the desalination rate of the desalination apparatus 25 is improved. be able to.

The desalinator 25 is supplied with salt water having a water pressure of about 60 atm by pressurization by the pump 12a or the like, and the salt water supplied to the desalinator 25 flows through the salt water channel. Water molecules contained in the salt water flowing through the salt water channel pass through the holes of the reverse osmosis membrane due to a pressure difference between the salt water flowing through the salt water channel and the fresh water channel, and become fresh water in the fresh water channel. Further, since sodium ions and chlorine ions contained in the salt water flowing through the salt water channel cannot pass through the holes of the reverse osmosis membrane, they flow through the salt water channel. For this reason, concentrated salt water is discharged from the outlet 17 for concentrated salt water, which is the outlet of the salt water flow path, and fresh water is discharged from the outlet 16 for fresh water, which is the outlet of the fresh water flow path.
The salt concentration of the concentrated salt water discharged from the concentrated salt water discharge port 17 is about 5.5% to 6.0%, although it varies depending on the salt concentration of the salt water supplied to the desalination apparatus 25.
Moreover, it can also provide so that the concentrated salt water discharged | emitted from the discharge port 17 for concentrated salt water may flow in into a hydroelectric power generation turbine. Since the concentrated salt water flowing through the salt water flow path is pressurized by the pump 12a, power can be generated by the hydroelectric turbine using this pressure.
Fresh water discharged from the desalinator 25 is stored in a fresh water tank 57 and used as domestic water.
The concentrated salt water discharged from the desalting apparatus 25 is stored in the concentrated salt water tank 56. Further, the concentrated salt water discharged from the desalting apparatus 25 may be supplied to the salt making apparatus 38.
Since the concentrated salt water 62 can be converted into electric power by the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 described later, the concentrated salt water 62 has energy for generating electric power by the osmotic pressure power generation device 30. Therefore, energy can be stored by storing the concentrated salt water in the concentrated salt water tank 56.

5. Power generation device using natural energy Examples of power generation devices using natural energy include solar cell 28, solar thermal power generation device, wind power generation device, wave power generation device, tidal power generation device, geothermal power generation device, and ocean temperature difference power generation device. And biomass power generation devices.
By driving the pump 12a and the like with the electric power of the power generator using such natural energy, the salt water can be desalinated with the electric power generated without using fossil fuel or nuclear fuel.

Here, a case where the power generation device using natural energy is the solar battery 28 will be described.
The solar cell 28 is not particularly limited as long as a photovoltaic power is generated by receiving sunlight. Moreover, the electric power generated by the solar cell 28 is supplied to the pump 12a and used for desalination of salt water. Since the solar cell 28 cannot generate power at night, salt water can be desalinated at night by using system power or power generated by the osmotic pressure power generator 30 described later.
The solar cell 28 can be provided to be cooled by the heat absorption part 46 of the heat exchanger 45. As a result, it is possible to suppress the temperature of the solar cell 28 from rising and the power generation capacity of the solar cell 28 from decreasing. The solar cell 28 has a light receiving surface and a back surface thereof, and the heat absorbing portion 26 can be provided on the back surface of the solar cell 29.
The heat exchanger 45 will be described later.

6). Osmotic pressure power generation device The osmotic pressure power generation device 30 includes a high concentration side channel 35 through which the concentrated salt water 62 discharged from the desalination device 25 or the salt making device 38 flows, a low concentration side channel 34 through which fresh water or salt water flows, It has a semipermeable membrane 32 that partitions the concentration side flow path 35 and the low concentration side flow path 34, and a hydroelectric turbine 37 that communicates with the high concentration side flow path 35 or the low concentration side flow path 34.
Further, the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 can be provided so as to generate power when the power generation amount of the power generation device using natural energy such as the solar battery 28 decreases and supply power to the pump 12a. As a result, even if the power generation amount of the power generation device using natural energy fluctuates and the power generation amount decreases, the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 generates power, and the generated power is used to produce fresh water using the desalination device 25. can do. Thereby, even when the power generation amount of the power generation device using natural energy is reduced, fresh water can be stably produced.
The semipermeable membrane 32 is, for example, a reverse osmosis membrane, a nanofiltration membrane, or an ultrafiltration membrane.

When the power generation amount of the power generation device using natural energy is reduced and power is generated by the osmotic pressure power generation device 30, fresh water or salt water is supplied to the low-concentration side channel 34 by the water supply unit 23 and concentrated by the concentrated salt water supply unit 24. The salt water 62 is supplied to the high concentration side flow path 35. As a result, an osmotic pressure can be generated in the semipermeable membrane 32 due to a salt concentration difference between the salt water flowing through the high concentration side channel 35 and the fresh water or salt water flowing through the low concentration side channel 34. Accordingly, the water contained in the fresh water or the salt water flowing through the low concentration side channel 34 permeates the semipermeable membrane 32 and flows into the salt water flowing through the high concentration side channel 35. For this reason, the osmotic pressure causes a water flow in a flow path for supplying fresh water or salt water to the low concentration side flow path 34 or a flow path for discharging salt water from the high concentration side flow path 35. Therefore, by installing the hydroelectric power generation turbine 37 in either of the flow paths, the turbine can be rotated by the water flow generated by the osmotic pressure, and power can be generated. The electric power generated by the hydroelectric power generation turbine 37 is supplied to the pump 12a and the like.
The osmotic pressure generated in the semipermeable membrane 32 increases as the difference between the salt water concentration of the water flowing through the high concentration side channel 35 and the salt water concentration of the water flowing through the low concentration side channel 34 increases. In addition, the temperature of the water flowing through the low-concentration side flow path 34 is higher than the temperature of the water flowing through the high-concentration side flow path 35.

By flowing fresh water or salt water, which is available in large quantities at low cost, into the low-concentration side channel 34 and flowing concentrated salt water generated as a by-product of the desalination apparatus 25 into the high-concentration side channel 35, osmotic pressure is obtained. The power generator 30 generates power. Therefore, the concentrated salt water that is a by-product of the desalting apparatus 25 can be converted into electric power by the osmotic pressure power generation apparatus 30, and the concentrated salt water has energy for generating electric power by the osmotic pressure power generation apparatus 30.
Therefore, when the concentrated salt water 62 produced by the desalinator 25 is stored in the concentrated salt water tank 56 or the like, energy can be stored.

In addition, the greater the difference between the salinity concentration of the water flowing through the low-concentration side channel 34 and the salinity concentration of the water flowing through the high-concentration side channel 35, the greater the osmotic pressure generated in the semipermeable membrane 32. The amount of water flowing from the channel 34 into the high concentration channel 35 increases. As a result, the power generation amount of the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 also increases. Accordingly, the amount of power generated by the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 increases as the salinity concentration of the concentrated salt water that can be supplied to the high-concentration side channel 35 increases.
Therefore, when the concentrated salt water 62 produced by the desalinator 25 is stored in the concentrated salt water tank 56 or the like, energy can be stored at a higher energy density as the salt concentration of the concentrated salt water 62 is higher.
In addition, when the salt is dissolved in the concentrated salt water, the salt concentration of the concentrated salt water is increased and the energy density of the concentrated salt water is also increased. Therefore, the concentrated salt water can be converted into larger electric power by the osmotic pressure power generation device 30. Therefore, the salt has energy for generating electric power by the osmotic pressure power generation device 30. Therefore, energy can be stored when the salt produced by the salt making apparatus 38 described later is stored. Moreover, energy can be stored at a higher energy density by storing the salt from which moisture has been removed.

When the power generation amount of the power generation device using natural energy is recovered and power generation by the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 is stopped, supply of fresh water or salt water to the low concentration side flow path 34 by the water supply unit 23 is stopped, and concentrated salt water The supply of the concentrated salt water 62 to the high concentration side flow path 35 by the supply unit 24 is stopped. As a result, the flow of water penetrating the semipermeable membrane 32 disappears, and the rotation of the hydroelectric turbine 37 stops and power generation stops.
Thus, the osmotic pressure power generator 30 is relatively easy to start and stop. For this reason, when the power generation amount of the power generation device 29 using natural energy that supplies power to the pump 12a decreases, power generation by the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 can be easily started, and power is supplied to the pump 12a. be able to. Further, when the power generation amount of the power generation device 29 using natural energy for supplying power to the pump 12a is recovered, the power generation by the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 can be easily stopped.

  The water supply unit 23 is provided so as to supply fresh water or salt water to the low concentration side channel 34. The water supply unit 23 can have, for example, a pump 12c and a flow path. When the water supply unit 23 supplies fresh water to the low-concentration side channel 34, the water supply unit 23 supplies, for example, fresh water generated as a result of desalination by the desalination system 70 to the low-concentration side channel 34. Alternatively, groundwater may be supplied to the low concentration side channel 34, or fresh water taken from a river or the like may be supplied to the low concentration side channel 34. When the water supply unit 23 supplies salt water to the low concentration side channel 34, the salt water stored in the salt water tank 55 can be supplied to the low concentration side channel 34. In this case, the salt water stored in the salt water tank 55 has a salinity concentration of about 3.5%, which is substantially the same as seawater, and is discharged from the concentrated salt water discharge port 17 of the demineralizer 25 to the high concentration side channel 35. By flowing the concentrated salt water, an osmotic pressure due to a salt concentration difference between the low-concentration side channel 34 and the high-concentration side channel 35 can be generated. The concentrated salt water flowing through the high-concentration side channel 35 has a salinity concentration increased by the salt supplied by the salt supply unit 66. Moreover, since the salt water stored in the salt water tank 55 is filtered by the filtration device 50, clogging of the semipermeable membrane 32 can be suppressed.

The concentrated salt water supply unit 24 is provided so as to supply the concentrated salt water 62 discharged from the concentrated salt water discharge port 17 of the desalting apparatus 25 to the high concentration side channel 35. Further, the concentrated salt water supply unit 24 may be provided so as to supply the concentrated salt water flowing through the salt making device 38 to the high concentration side channel 35 after being discharged from the concentrated salt water discharge port 17. The concentrated salt water supply unit 24 can include, for example, a pump 12b, a concentrated salt water tank 56, and a flow path.
The concentrated salt water tank 56 stores the concentrated salt water 62 discharged from the concentrated salt water discharge port 17 of the desalting apparatus 25. Further, the concentrated salt water tank 56 can store the concentrated salt water 62 that has flowed through the salt making device 38 after being discharged from the discharge port 17 for the concentrated salt water. Moreover, the concentrated salt water tank 56 can be provided so that the salt concentration of the concentrated salt water 62 inside becomes high, when the salt supplied by the salt supply part 66 melt | dissolves.
Energy can be stored by providing the concentrated salt water tank 56 that stores the concentrated salt water 62 that can be converted into electric power by the osmotic pressure power generation device 30.

The pump 12b starts supplying the concentrated salt water 62 stored in the concentrated salt water tank 56 to the high-concentration side flow path 35 when starting the osmotic pressure power generation apparatus 30, and when stopping the osmotic pressure power generation apparatus 30, the high concentration It is provided so as to stop the supply of the concentrated salt water 62 to the side channel 35.
Moreover, the pump 12b can also be provided so that the quantity of the concentrated salt water 62 supplied to the high concentration side flow path 35 can be adjusted.
The concentrated salt water supply unit 24 can also include a flow rate adjusting valve for adjusting the amount of the concentrated salt water 62 supplied to the high concentration side channel 35.
By adjusting the amount of the concentrated salt water 62 supplied to the high-concentration side flow path 35 by the pump 12b or the flow rate adjusting valve, the power generation by the osmotic pressure power generator 30 can be made efficient.

The osmotic pressure power generation device 30 may include a sensor unit 36 that measures the osmotic pressure generated in the semipermeable membrane 32. The sensor unit 36 may measure, for example, the difference between the water pressure of the water flowing through the low concentration side flow path 34 and the water pressure of the water flowing through the high concentration side flow path 35. The difference between the salinity of the flowing water and the salinity of the water flowing through the high-concentration side channel 35 may be measured.
The concentrated salt water supply unit 24 may be provided so as to adjust the amount of the concentrated salt water supplied to the high concentration side channel 35 based on the measurement result of the sensor unit 34. As a result, the amount of concentrated salt water supplied to the high-concentration side flow path 35 can be adjusted so that the power generation amount of the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 is increased, and the power generation efficiency of the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 can be increased. it can. For example, the concentrated salt water supply unit 24 passes through the semipermeable membrane 32 and supplies half the amount of concentrated salt water flowing from the low concentration side channel 34 to the high concentration side channel 35 into the high concentration side channel 35. It can be provided to supply.

7). Salt Making Device, Salt Storage Unit, Salt Supply Unit The salt making device 38 is provided to produce salt by precipitating the salt contained in the concentrated salt water discharged from the desalting device 25. Moreover, it can provide so that a part of concentrated salt water discharged | emitted from the desalination apparatus 25 may flow in into the salt making apparatus 38. FIG. Thereby, the salt contained in the concentrated brine can be converted into a solid salt. In addition, the salt produced by the salt making device 38 is converted into electric power by generating osmotic pressure in the semipermeable membrane 32 in the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 by dissolving it in the concentrated salt water flowing through the high concentration side channel 35. For this reason, the salt has energy that generates electric power by the osmotic pressure power generation device 30. Therefore, it is possible to store energy in a solid salt state. Since the solid salt has moisture removed, it has higher density than concentrated salt water and contains sodium chloride and the like. For this reason, energy can be stored with a higher energy density by storing salt in a solid state.
The salt produced by the salt making device 38 may be stored in the salt storage unit 67 and then supplied to the concentrated salt water by the salt supply unit 66, or may be supplied from the salt making device 38 to the salt supply unit 66 and supplied to the concentrated salt water. Good. By storing the salt produced by the salt making apparatus 38 in the salt storage unit 67, more salt can be stored.
The concentrated salt water that has circulated through the salt making device 38 can be provided so as to flow into the concentrated salt water tank 56.
Examples of the method for precipitating the salt contained in the concentrated salt water include a method for precipitating the salt by evaporating the water contained in the concentrated salt water by heat generated by receiving sunlight.

  The salt making device 38 can include, for example, a salt producing means 68 having a belt 73 rotated by two rollers 72 as in the salt making device 38 included in the desalination system shown in FIG. Further, a part of the belt 73 can be immersed in the concentrated salt water 62 and the other part of the belt 73 can be provided in the air. In such a configuration, when the belt 73 is rotated by the roller 72, the concentrated salt water 62 adheres to the belt 73 at a portion immersed in the concentrated salt water 62 of the belt 73, and at the portion of the belt 73 pulled up from the concentrated salt water 62, The water contained in the concentrated salt water 62 attached to the belt 73 can be evaporated to precipitate the salt. By recovering the salt 65 deposited on the belt 73, a salt can be produced.

Moreover, in order to evaporate the water | moisture content of the concentrated salt water 62 adhering to the belt 73, it can provide so that sunlight may inject into the salt making apparatus 38. FIG.
Furthermore, the water vapor generated in the salt making apparatus 38 can be flowed into the fresh water tank 57 as a water vapor state or distilled water. This can increase the amount of fresh water that can be produced.

The salt making apparatus 38 can have a step structure like the salt making apparatus 38 included in the desalination system shown in FIG. 5, for example. When the concentrated salt water discharged from the desalination apparatus 25 is supplied to the uppermost stage of such a staircase structure, the concentrated salt water flows down each stage. By this flow, the concentrated salt water and the air can be brought into gas-liquid contact, and the water contained in the concentrated salt water can be evaporated to precipitate the salt. The salt can be produced by collecting the precipitated salt on each stage.
Moreover, in order to evaporate the water | moisture content of the concentrated salt water 62 which flows through a staircase structure, it can provide so that sunlight may inject into the salt making apparatus 38. FIG. Furthermore, the water vapor generated in the salt making apparatus 38 can be flowed into the fresh water tank 57 as a water vapor state or distilled water.

The salt making device 38 can have an inclined structure like the salt making device 38 included in the desalination system shown in FIG. 6, for example. When the concentrated salt water discharged from the desalinator 25 is supplied to the top of such an inclined structure, the concentrated salt water flows down the inclined structure. By this flow, the concentrated salt water and the air can be brought into gas-liquid contact, and the water contained in the concentrated salt water can be evaporated to precipitate the salt. The salt can be produced by collecting the salt precipitated from the slope of the inclined structure.
Moreover, in order to evaporate the water | moisture content of the concentrated salt water 62 which flows through an inclination structure, it can provide so that sunlight may inject into the salt making apparatus 38. FIG. Furthermore, the water vapor generated in the salt making apparatus 38 can be flowed into the fresh water tank 57 as a water vapor state or distilled water.

The salt making device 38 can have, for example, a net 75 provided to be inclined like the salt making device 38 included in the desalination system shown in FIG. The salt making device 38 can also have another net 75 below the net 75. When the concentrated salt water discharged from the desalination apparatus 25 is supplied to the uppermost part of the net 75, the concentrated salt water flows down through the net 75. A part of the concentrated salt water falls from the net 75 and flows along the lower net 75. By this flow, the concentrated salt water and the air can be brought into gas-liquid contact, and the water contained in the concentrated salt water can be evaporated to precipitate the salt. After the salt has precipitated to such an extent that the mesh of the mesh 75 is clogged, the salt can be recovered by collecting the salt.
Moreover, in order to evaporate the water | moisture content of the concentrated salt water 62 which flows through the net | network 75, it can provide so that sunlight may inject into the salt making apparatus 38. FIG. Furthermore, the water vapor generated in the salt making apparatus 38 can be flowed into the fresh water tank 57 as a water vapor state or distilled water.

The salt supply unit 66 is provided so as to supply the salt produced by the salt production device 38 or the salt produced by the salt production device 38 and stored in the salt storage unit 67 to the concentrated salt water flowing through the high concentration side flow path 35. The salt supply unit 66 may be provided so that the salt can be automatically supplied to the concentrated salt water, or may be provided so that the salt can be manually supplied to the concentrated salt water.
The salt supply unit 66 may be provided so as to supply salt to the concentrated salt water in the concentrated salt water tank 56 as in the desalination system shown in FIG. Moreover, you may provide so that salt may be supplied to the concentrated salt water which flows through the flow path between the concentrated salt water tank 56 and the high concentration side flow path 35 like the desalination system shown in FIG. In this case, the salt supplied by the salt supply unit 66 is dissolved in the concentrated salt water tank 56 or the concentrated salt water in the flow path, and the salt concentration of the concentrated salt water is increased. The concentrated salt water whose salinity concentration has increased is supplied to the high concentration side channel 35 by the pump 12 b and flows through the high concentration side channel 35. Thereby, the osmotic pressure generated in the semipermeable membrane 32 of the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 is increased, and the power generation amount of the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 can be increased.
Further, since the temperature of the concentrated salt water can be lowered by the heat of dissolution generated when the salt dissolves in the concentrated salt water, the temperature of the salt water flowing through the high-concentration side flow path 35 can be lowered, and the semipermeable membrane 32 can be lowered. Can be increased.

The salt supply unit 66 may be provided so as to supply salt directly to the high-concentration side channel 35 as in the desalination system shown in FIG. In this case, the salt supplied by the salt supply unit 66 is dissolved in the concentrated salt water flowing through the high-concentration side channel 35, and the salt concentration of the concentrated salt water is increased. Thereby, the osmotic pressure generated in the semipermeable membrane 32 of the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 is increased, and the power generation amount of the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 can be increased. Moreover, in the high concentration side flow path 35, since water flows in from the low concentration side flow path 34 through the semipermeable membrane 32, the salt concentration of salt water falls. For this reason, the salt supplied by the salt supply part 66 is easy to melt | dissolve in concentrated salt water, and can supply more salt to concentrated salt water. Thereby, the power generation amount of the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 can be further increased.
Further, the salt supplied from the salt supply unit 66 may flow through the high-concentration channel 35 together with the concentrated salt water. Since the salinity of the salt water flowing through the high-concentration side channel 35 decreases as it goes downstream, the amount of water flowing from the low-concentration side channel 34 into the high-concentration side channel 35 also decreases as it goes downstream. By flowing a solid salt together with the concentrated salt water through the high-concentration channel 35, such a decrease in the salt concentration can be reduced.
Furthermore, the temperature of the salt water flowing through the high-concentration side channel 35 can be lowered by the heat of dissolution generated when the salt is dissolved in the concentrated salt water, and the osmotic pressure generated in the semipermeable membrane 32 can be increased.

8). Heating Unit, Heat Exchanger The heating unit 40 can be provided to heat the salt water supplied to the desalting apparatus 25 or the desalting apparatus 25. As a result, the temperature of the water in the desalting apparatus 25 can be increased, and the movement of water molecules can be activated. This makes it easier for water to pass through the reverse osmosis membrane of the desalting apparatus 25, and the desalination efficiency of the desalting apparatus 25 can be improved.

  Further, the heating unit 40 can be provided so as to heat fresh water or salt water supplied to the low concentration side flow path 34 of the osmotic pressure power generation apparatus 30 or the low concentration side flow path 34 of the osmotic pressure power generation apparatus 30. As a result, the temperature of fresh water or salt water flowing through the low concentration side flow path 34 can be increased, and the osmotic pressure generated in the semipermeable membrane 32 can be increased. Thereby, the power generation amount of the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 can be increased.

The heating unit 40 may be the heating unit 40 included in the heat exchanger 45 or a heater. Here, the case where the heating unit 40 is included in the heat exchanger 45 will be described.
The heat exchanger 45 is a device that efficiently transfers heat from a high-temperature object to a low-temperature object, and includes a heat absorption unit 46 and a heating unit 40. The heat exchanger 45 may be made of a metal having high thermal conductivity such as metallic copper or metallic aluminum, and may be a heat exchanger that exchanges heat via a heat medium.
Although the heat absorption part 46 of the heat exchanger 45 is provided in the part with comparatively high temperature, it can be provided on the back surface of the solar cell 28 like the desalination system shown, for example in FIGS. .
The solar cell 28 provided so as to receive sunlight can generate electricity by receiving sunlight and supply the generated power to the pump 12a and the like. However, part of the sunlight received by the solar cell 28 becomes heat and raises the temperature of the solar cell 28. When the temperature of the solar cell 28 rises, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell 28 decreases and the power generation amount decreases. For this reason, the heat absorption part 46 provided on the back surface of the solar cell 28 absorbs the heat of the solar cell 28, thereby suppressing an increase in the temperature of the solar cell 28 and suppressing a decrease in the amount of power generation. it can.
Further, the heat absorption part 46 of the heat exchanger 45 may be provided so as to absorb the heat of water vapor generated by the salt making device 38. Accordingly, distilled water can be produced from the steam generated by the salt making device 38, and the desalination efficiency by the desalination system 70 can be improved.

The heating unit 40 of the heat exchanger 45 heats salt water and the like supplied to the desalting apparatus 25 by the heat transferred from the heat absorbing unit 46.
The heating unit 40 of the heat exchanger 45 can be provided so as to heat the desalting apparatus 25 as shown in FIG. 4, for example. Thereby, the heat of the solar cell 28 can be moved to the desalting apparatus 25, and the temperature of the desalting apparatus 25 can be raised. Thereby, the desalination efficiency of the desalination apparatus 25 can be improved.

  The heating unit 40 of the heat exchanger 45 can be provided, for example, so as to heat a flow path for supplying salt water to the desalting apparatus 25 as shown in FIG. Thereby, the heat of the solar cell 28 can be moved to the salt water supplied to the desalting apparatus 25, and the temperature of the salt water in the desalting apparatus 25 can be raised. Thereby, the desalination efficiency of the desalination apparatus 25 can be improved.

The heating unit 40 of the heat exchanger 45 can be provided, for example, so as to heat the low-concentration side flow path 34 of the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 as shown in FIG. As a result, the temperature of the salt water flowing through the low-concentration side channel 34 can be increased, and the amount of power generated by the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 can be increased.
The heating unit 40 of the heat exchanger 45 can be provided, for example, so as to heat the flow path for supplying salt water to the low concentration flow path 34 of the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 as shown in FIG. As a result, the temperature of the salt water flowing through the low-concentration side channel 34 can be increased, and the amount of power generated by the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 can be increased.

The heating unit 40 of the heat exchanger 45 is, for example, as shown in FIGS. It can provide so that the salt water in the water tank 55 may be heated. When the desalination system is provided so as to supply fresh water to the low-concentration side flow path 34 of the osmotic pressure power generation device 30, the fresh water in the water tank in which fresh water is stored by the heating unit 40 with the same structure is heated. Can be provided.
By increasing the temperature of the salt water stored in the salt water tank 55 by the heating unit 40 and supplying the salt water 61 whose temperature has been increased to the desalination device 25, the temperature of the salt water in the desalination device 25 can be increased. The desalination efficiency of the desalinator 25 can be improved.
Further, the temperature of the salt water stored in the salt water tank 55 is increased by the heating unit 40, and the salt water 61 whose temperature has been increased is supplied to the low concentration side channel 34 of the osmotic pressure power generation device 30, whereby the low concentration side channel The temperature of the salt water flowing through 34 can be raised, and the power generation amount of the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 can be increased.

In the desalination system shown in FIGS. 6 and 10, the heating unit 40 is provided around the salt water tank 55. With such a structure, the temperature of the salt water stored in the salt water tank 55 can be increased by moving the heat of the solar cell 28 to the heating unit 40.
In the desalination system shown in FIGS. 7 and 11, the heat transfer rod or the heat transfer grid as the heating unit 40 is provided so as to be immersed in the salt water 61 stored in the salt water tank 55. With such a structure, the temperature of the salt water stored in the salt water tank 55 can be increased by moving the heat of the solar cell 28 to the heat transfer rod or the heat transfer grid as the heating unit 40.
Further, in the desalination system shown in FIG. 12, the heat transfer rod, the heat transfer grid, or the heat transfer plate as the heating unit 40 is provided on or near the bottom surface of the salt water tank 55. According to such a structure, the temperature of the salt water stored in the salt water tank 55 can be increased by moving the heat of the solar cell 28 to the heat transfer rod, the heat transfer grid, or the heat transfer plate as the heating unit 40.

  1: Gravel layer 3: Well 4: Water tank 6: Salt water in the well 7: Salt water in the water tank 8: Communication channel 10: Inlet 12, 12, 12a-12e: Pump 15: Valve 16: Outlet for fresh water 17 : Concentrated salt water discharge port 20: Seawater intake device 22: Backflow prevention valve 23: Water supply unit 24: Concentrated salt water supply unit 25: Desalination device 28: Solar cell 30: Osmotic pressure power generation device 32: Semipermeable membrane 34: Low Concentration side flow path 35: High concentration side flow path 36: Sensor part 37: Hydroelectric power generation turbine 38: Salt production apparatus 40: Heating part 45: Heat exchanger 46: Heat absorption part 48: Photocatalyst part 50: Filtration apparatus 51: Filtration membrane 55 : Salt water tank 56: Concentrated salt water tank 57: Fresh water tank 61: Salt water 62: Concentrated salt water 63: Fresh water 65: Salt 66: Salt supply unit 67: Reservoir 68: salts produced unit 70: Desalination System 72: Roller 73: Belt 75: halftone

Claims (5)

A desalination apparatus, a salt production apparatus, an osmotic pressure power generation apparatus, and a salt supply unit,
The desalinator is configured to separate salt water into fresh water and concentrated salt water using a reverse osmosis membrane, and to discharge the fresh water and the concentrated salt water, respectively.
The salt making apparatus is configured to produce a salt by precipitating the salt contained in the concentrated salt water discharged from the desalting apparatus,
The osmotic pressure power generation device includes a high-concentration side channel through which concentrated salt water discharged from the desalination device flows, a low-concentration side channel through which fresh water or salt water flows, the high-concentration side channel, and the low-concentration side flow. A semipermeable membrane that partitions the road, and a hydroelectric turbine that communicates with the high concentration side flow path or the low concentration side flow path,
The desalination system, wherein the salt supply unit increases the salt concentration of the concentrated salt water by supplying the salt produced by the salt making apparatus to the concentrated salt water flowing through the high concentration side channel. A salt storage unit for storing the salt produced by the salt making apparatus;
The desalination system according to claim 1, wherein the salt supply unit is provided so as to supply the salt stored in the salt storage unit to the concentrated salt water flowing through the high-concentration side channel.   The salt water supplied to the said desalination apparatus, the fresh water or salt water supplied to the said low concentration side flow path, the said desalination apparatus, or the heating part which heats the said low concentration side flow path is further provided of Claim 1 or 2. Desalination system. A solar cell,
The heating unit includes salt water supplied to the desalting apparatus, fresh water or salt water supplied to the low-concentration side flow path by heat exchange that moves heat generated when the solar cell receives sunlight, and the desalting. The desalination system of Claim 3 provided so that an apparatus or the said low concentration side flow path might be heated. A desalting apparatus, a salt making apparatus, an osmotic pressure power generation apparatus, and a heating unit;
The desalinator is configured to separate salt water into fresh water and concentrated salt water using a reverse osmosis membrane, and to discharge the fresh water and the concentrated salt water, respectively.
The salt making apparatus is configured to produce a salt by precipitating the salt contained in the concentrated salt water discharged from the desalting apparatus,
The osmotic pressure power generation device includes a high-concentration side channel through which concentrated salt water discharged from the desalination device flows, a low-concentration side channel through which fresh water or salt water flows, the high-concentration side channel, and the low-concentration side flow. A semipermeable membrane that partitions the road, and a hydroelectric turbine that communicates with the high concentration side flow path or the low concentration side flow path,
The heating unit is a desalination system provided to heat the salt water supplied to the desalination apparatus, fresh water or salt water supplied to the low concentration side flow path, the desalination apparatus, or the low concentration side flow path. .