JP5975821B2 - Desalination system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a desalination system.

In areas where there is a shortage of domestic water such as drinking water, a desalination plant has been constructed that desalinates seawater to produce domestic water. Seawater desalination methods include the multi-stage flash method in which fresh water is produced by cooling water vapor generated by heating salt water, and salt water pressurized by a reverse osmosis membrane (RO membrane) is separated into fresh water and high-concentration salt water. There is a reverse osmosis method. Since the reverse osmosis method is more energy efficient than the multistage flash method, a reverse osmosis membrane filtration device using the reverse osmosis method is adopted in many desalination plants.
In addition, a desalination plant that desalinates seawater using power from a power generation device using natural energy such as a solar cell or a wind power generation device has been developed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2004-41887 A

However, in a desalination plant that desalinates seawater using power from power generators that use natural energy such as solar cells and wind power generators, the amount of power generated by the power generator fluctuates, so the water is stably desalted. It may not be possible. Moreover, if the fluctuation | variation of electric power generation amount is stabilized by a storage battery, since a storage battery is expensive and needs to be replaced | exchanged regularly, there exists a problem that cost becomes high.
This invention is made | formed in view of such a situation, and provides the desalination system which can desalinate salt water stably at low cost.

  The present invention comprises a desalting apparatus, a first pump for supplying pressurized salt water to the desalting apparatus, an osmotic pressure power generating apparatus, and a power generating apparatus using natural energy, A reverse osmosis membrane for filtering the supplied salt water to separate it into fresh water and high-concentration salt water, a fresh water discharge port for discharging the fresh water, and a high-concentration salt water discharge port for discharging the high-concentration salt water, The osmotic pressure power generator includes a semi-permeable membrane, a high-concentration side channel and a low-concentration side channel partitioned by the semi-permeable membrane, and a hydraulic power communicating with the high-concentration side channel or the low-concentration side channel. A power generation turbine, a water supply unit that supplies fresh water or salt water to the low-concentration side channel, and a high-concentration salt water supply that supplies high-concentration salt water discharged from the high-concentration salt water outlet to the high-concentration side channel And the first pump is supplied from the power generation device using the natural energy. The osmotic pressure power generation device generates power when the power generation amount of the power generation device using the natural energy decreases, and is configured to pressurize the salt water with at least one of the generated power and the power supplied from the osmotic pressure power generation device. A desalination system is provided that is provided to supply power to a first pump.

According to the present invention, the apparatus includes a desalination apparatus and a first pump that supplies pressurized salt water to the desalination apparatus, and the desalination apparatus filters fresh water and high-concentration salt water by filtering the supplied salt water. A reverse osmosis membrane that separates the fresh water, a fresh water discharge port that discharges the fresh water, and a high concentration salt water discharge port that discharges the high-concentration salt water. it can.
According to the present invention, an osmotic pressure power generation device is provided, the osmotic pressure power generation device including a semipermeable membrane, a high concentration side channel and a low concentration side channel partitioned by the semipermeable membrane, and the high concentration side. A hydroelectric turbine connected to the flow path or the low-concentration side flow path, a water supply unit that supplies fresh water or salt water to the low-concentration side flow path, and a high concentration that supplies high-concentration salt water to the high-concentration side flow path Since it has a salt water supply section, osmotic pressure can be generated in the semipermeable membrane due to the difference between the salt concentration of fresh water or salt water flowing through the low concentration side flow path and the salt concentration of high concentration salt water flowing through the high concentration side flow path. The osmotic pressure allows the water contained in the fresh water or salt water flowing through the low concentration side channel to permeate the semipermeable membrane and flow into the high concentration side channel. Electricity can be generated by rotating the hydroelectric turbine using the flow of water generated by the osmotic pressure.

According to the present invention, the high-concentration salt water supply unit supplies the high-concentration salt water discharged from the high-concentration salt water discharge port of the desalination device to the high-concentration side flow path of the osmotic pressure power generation device. Can generate electric power using high-concentration salt water produced by a desalinator as an energy source.
According to the present invention, the power generation device using natural energy is provided, and the first pump is based on at least one of power supplied from the power generation device using natural energy and power supplied from the osmotic pressure power generation device. Since it is provided so as to pressurize the salt water, the power consumed by the first pump necessary for producing fresh water by the desalination device can be supplied by the power generation device using natural energy and the osmotic pressure power generation device. .
According to the present invention, the osmotic pressure power generation device is configured to generate power when the power generation amount of the power generation device using the natural energy decreases and supply power to the first pump. Even when the power generation amount of the device fluctuates and the power generation amount decreases, the osmotic pressure power generation device uses the high-concentration salt water produced by the desalination device as an energy source, and the generated power is used by the desalination device. Fresh water can be produced. Thereby, even when the power generation amount of the power generation device using natural energy is reduced, fresh water can be stably produced.
Moreover, compared with the case where the fluctuation | variation of the electric power generation amount of the electric power generating apparatus using natural energy is stabilized by a storage battery, and fresh water is manufactured stably, in this invention, fresh water can be manufactured stably at low cost. The risk of electric shock, electric leakage, fire, etc. is low and safety can be increased.

It is a schematic block diagram of the desalination system of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the seawater intake device contained in the desalination system of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the seawater intake device contained in the desalination system of one Embodiment of this invention.

  The desalination system of the present invention comprises a desalination apparatus, a first pump for supplying pressurized salt water to the desalination apparatus, an osmotic pressure power generation apparatus, and a power generation apparatus using natural energy, The salt device includes a reverse osmosis membrane that filters supplied salt water to separate fresh water and high-concentration salt water, a fresh water discharge port that discharges the fresh water, and a high-concentration salt water discharge port that discharges the high-concentration salt water. The osmotic pressure power generation device includes a semipermeable membrane, a high concentration side channel and a low concentration side channel partitioned by the semipermeable membrane, and the high concentration side channel or the low concentration side channel. A hydroelectric turbine that communicates with the water supply unit, a water supply unit that supplies fresh water or salt water to the low-concentration side channel, and high-concentration salt water discharged from the high-concentration salt water outlet to the high-concentration side channel And the first pump uses the natural energy. Provided to pressurize the salt water with at least one of the electric power supplied from the electric device and the electric power supplied from the osmotic pressure power generation device, and the osmotic pressure power generation device uses the natural energy to generate power. It is characterized in that it is provided so as to generate electricity when it decreases and to supply power to the first pump.

In the desalination system of the present invention, the power generation device using natural energy is preferably a solar cell.
According to such a structure, seawater can be desalinated with the electric power generated by the solar cell.
In the desalination system of the present invention, the high-concentration salt water supply unit has a first salt water tank and a second pump, and the first salt water tank stores the high-concentration salt water discharged from the high-concentration salt water outlet. And it is preferable that the 2nd pump was provided so that the high concentration salt water stored in the 1st salt water tank might be supplied to the said high concentration side flow path, when the said osmotic pressure electric power generator generates electric power.
According to such a structure, the 1st salt water tank can store the high concentration salt water used as the energy source of an osmotic pressure power generator. Further, by supplying the high-concentration salt water to the high-concentration side channel by the second pump, power generation by the osmotic pressure power generation device can be performed.

The desalination system of this invention WHEREIN: The 1st heating part which heats the high concentration salt water discharged | emitted from the said high concentration salt water discharge port is further provided, and a 1st salt water tank is the high concentration salt water concentrated by the 1st heating part. It is preferable that it was provided so that it may be stored.
According to such a configuration, the salt concentration of the high-concentration salt water stored in the first salt water tank can be increased, and the salt concentration of the high-concentration salt water supplied to the high-concentration side channel can be increased. As a result, the osmotic pressure generated in the semipermeable membrane can be increased, and the power generation amount of the osmotic pressure power generation device can be increased.
In the desalination system of this invention, it is preferable that the said water supply part is provided so that the fresh water or salt water supplied to the said low concentration side flow path may be heated with the heat | fever which generate | occur | produces in a 1st heating part.
According to such a configuration, the temperature of the fresh water or salt water supplied to the low concentration side flow path can be increased, and the fresh water or salt water supplied to the low concentration side flow path and the high water supplied to the high concentration side flow path can be increased. The temperature difference with the concentration salt water can be increased. Thereby, the osmotic pressure generated in the semipermeable membrane can be increased, and the power generation amount of the osmotic pressure power generation device can be increased.

In the desalination system of the present invention, the first heating unit supplies the water vapor generated by heating the high-concentration salt water discharged from the high-concentration salt water outlet to the low-concentration side flow path into fresh water or salt water. It is preferably provided to supply.
According to such a configuration, the temperature of fresh water or salt water supplied to the low-concentration side flow path can be increased, and the power generation amount of the osmotic pressure power generation device can be increased. Moreover, the salinity concentration of the fresh water or salt water supplied to the low concentration side channel can be reduced, and the power generation amount of the osmotic pressure power generation device can be increased.
The desalination system of this invention WHEREIN: It is preferable to further provide the salt supply part which supplies the salt which precipitates by heating high concentration salt water in a 1st heating part to the said high concentration side flow path.
According to such a configuration, the salinity concentration of the salt water flowing through the high concentration side channel can be increased, and the power generation amount of the osmotic pressure power generator can be increased. In addition, the temperature of the salt water flowing through the high concentration side channel can be lowered by the heat of salt dissolution, and the amount of power generated by the osmotic pressure power generation device can be increased.

The desalination system of the present invention further includes a salt storage unit, the first heating unit includes means for recovering a salt precipitated by heating the high-concentration salt water, and the salt storage unit recovers the salt. Preferably, the means is provided to store the recovered salt, and the salt supply unit is preferably provided to supply the salt stored in the salt storage unit to the high-concentration side flow path.
According to such a configuration, the salt generated by the first heating unit can be appropriately supplied into the high concentration side flow path.
In the desalination system of the present invention, the hydropower turbine permeates the semipermeable membrane by osmotic pressure and flows through the high-concentration side channel and water flowing from the low-concentration side channel into the high-concentration side channel. It is preferable that salt water mixed with high-concentration salt water and discharged from the high-concentration side flow path is provided to generate electricity by flowing through the hydroelectric turbine.
According to such a configuration, power can be generated by the hydroelectric power generation turbine by the flow of water caused by the osmotic pressure of the semipermeable membrane.

In the desalination system of the present invention, the osmotic pressure power generation device includes a sensor unit that measures an osmotic pressure between the high-concentration side channel and the low-concentration side channel, and the high-concentration salt water supply unit includes Preferably, it is provided so as to adjust the amount of high-concentration salt water supplied to the high-concentration side flow path based on the measurement result of the sensor unit.
According to such a configuration, the high-concentration salt water can be supplied to the high-concentration side flow path so that the osmotic pressure power generation apparatus can efficiently generate power using the high-concentration salt water.
In the desalination system of the present invention, the high-concentration salt water supply unit is a high-concentration salt water that is half the amount of water that permeates the semipermeable membrane and flows from the low-concentration side channel into the high-concentration side channel. Is preferably provided to supply the high concentration side flow path.
According to such a configuration, the osmotic pressure power generation device can generate power using the high-concentration salt water efficiently.

In the desalination system of the present invention, it further comprises a seawater intake part for taking seawater, and a filtration part for filtering the saltwater taken by the seawater intake part, wherein the water supply part supplies the saltwater filtered by the filtration part to the saltwater It is preferably provided so as to be supplied to the low concentration side flow path.
According to such a configuration, clogging of the semipermeable membrane can be suppressed.
The desalination system of this invention WHEREIN: It is preferable to further provide the photocatalyst part provided so that contact with the salt water taken in by the said seawater intake part and light reception was possible.
According to such a structure, the organic substance etc. which are contained in salt water can be removed with the photocatalytic activity of a photocatalyst part, and the quality of salt water can be improved.

The desalination system of this invention WHEREIN: The 2nd salt water tank which stores the salt water filtered by the said filtration part is further provided, The said water supply part supplies the salt water stored in the 2nd salt water tank to the said low concentration side flow path It is preferable to be provided.
According to such a configuration, salt water can be stably supplied to the low concentration side flow path.
The desalination system of this invention WHEREIN: It is preferable to further have the 2nd heating part which heats the fresh water or salt water supplied to the said low concentration side flow path.
According to such a configuration, the temperature of fresh water or salt water supplied to the low concentration side flow path can be increased, and the temperature difference between the water flowing through the low concentration side flow path and the water flowing through the high concentration side flow path can be increased. Can be bigger. Thereby, the osmotic pressure generated in the semipermeable membrane can be increased, and the power generation amount of the osmotic pressure power generation device can be increased.
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The configurations shown in the drawings and the following description are merely examples, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to those shown in the drawings and the following description.

Desalination system Figure 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a desalination system 70 of the present embodiment.
The desalination system 70 of the present embodiment includes a desalination apparatus 25, a first pump 12a that supplies pressurized salt water to the desalination apparatus 25, an osmotic pressure power generation apparatus 30, and a power generation apparatus 29 that uses natural energy. The desalinator 25 filters the supplied salt water and separates it into fresh water and high-concentration salt water, a fresh water discharge port 16 for discharging the fresh water, and discharges the high-concentration salt water. The osmotic pressure power generation apparatus 30 includes a semi-permeable membrane 32, a high-concentration side channel 35 and a low-concentration side channel 34 partitioned by the semi-permeable membrane 32, and a high-concentration salt water discharge port 17. Hydroelectric power generation turbine 37 communicating with the side flow path 35 or the low concentration side flow path 34, the water supply unit 23 for supplying fresh water or salt water to the low concentration side flow path 34, and the high concentration side flow path 35 for high concentration salt water High-concentration salt water supply for supplying high-concentration salt water discharged from the outlet 17 The first pump 12a is provided so as to pressurize the salt water with at least one of the power supplied from the power generator 29 using natural energy and the power supplied from the osmotic pressure power generator 30. The osmotic pressure power generation device 30 is provided to generate power when the power generation amount of the power generation device 29 using natural energy decreases and supply power to the first pump 12a.
Moreover, the desalination system 70 of this embodiment can be equipped with the seawater intake device 20, the heating apparatus 40, the filtration apparatus 50, the photocatalyst part 48, the heat exchanger 45, etc.
Hereinafter, the desalination system 70 of this embodiment is demonstrated.

1. Seawater intake device The seawater intake device included in the desalination system 70 of the present embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it can take seawater as a raw material of saltwater to be desalinated, but has a structure as shown in FIGS. be able to.
2 and 3 are schematic cross-sectional views showing the configuration of the seawater intake device 20, respectively.
In the desalination system 70 of this embodiment, salt water can be taken in with the 5th pump 12e with which the seawater intake device 20 is provided. The taken salt water can flow into the filtration device 50. Moreover, the salt water taken in may flow into the filtration device 50 after flowing through the photocatalytic device.
The seawater intake device 20 is provided near the coast, has a well hole, and is provided with a well 3, a water tank 4, and a well where seawater that has penetrated into the ground flows from the side wall or bottom of the well hole. 3 and the water storage tank 4, and a communication channel 8 that communicates the salt water in the well or the fifth pump 12 e that pumps the salt water in the water tank. The well 3 is a water surface of the salt water 6 in the well 3. The communication channel 8 is provided so that the salt water 6 in the well 3 flows into the water tank 4 when the water level of the salt water 6 in the well 3 becomes high. The water tank 4 stores the salt water 7 flowing from the well 3.

1-1. Well Well 3 is provided near the coast. The well 3 is provided so that seawater flows from the ground. The well hole of the well 3 can be formed by, for example, excavating a sand beach with a hydraulic excavator or a boring machine and burying a well pipe such as a metal pipe or a concrete pipe in the sand beach.
The well 3 may be provided, for example, so that seawater flows into the well from the gravel layer 1 at the bottom of the well hole (seawater inflow part), and the seawater from the seawater inflow part provided with the inflow hole 10 on the side wall of the well hole. May flow into the well 3. For example, the inflow hole 10 may be formed by providing a hole having a diameter of about 0.5 mm to 2 mm on the side wall, or may be formed by providing a slit having a width of about 0.5 to 2 mm. It may be formed by using a net-like material or a porous material.

The depth of the well 3 is not particularly limited as long as the bottom of the well becomes deeper than the sea level at the time of low tide of the tide, and the seawater can flow into the well 3, but may be, for example, 7 m or more and 40 m or less. Further, the deep part may be formed of a metal tube having an inner diameter of about 10 cm to 30 cm, and the shallow part may be provided with concrete or the like so that a large amount of salt water can be stored.
In addition, the salt water in the well 3 can be taken in by pumping the salt water in the pumping pipe provided in the well 3 by the fifth pump 12e.

  When the seawater inflow portion of the well 3 is connected to the sea through the gravel layer 1 or the like, seawater that has penetrated into the gravel layer 1 from the sea can flow into the well 3 from the seawater inflow portion. Moreover, the salt water in the well 3 can also flow out into the gravel layer 1 from the seawater inflow portion. For this reason, by providing a seawater inflow portion in the well 3, the water level of the salt water in the well is linked to the water level of the sea water accompanying the tidal activity of the sea. For this reason, the energy consumption of the pump used for pumping can be made low by pumping the salt water in the well 3 at the time of high tide. For example, energy consumption can be further reduced in an area where the difference in tidal range (about 9 m) such as Seychelles is large.

You may provide the seawater inflow part which has the inflow hole 10 in the wide range of the bottom of the well 3, and a side wall like FIG. As a result, the amount of seawater flowing into the well 3 can be increased, and the amount of salt water taken from the well 3 can be increased.
Moreover, a seawater inflow part can be provided in the part lower than the sea level in the low tide of the tide as shown in FIG. 3, and the part higher than the sea level in the low tide of the tide can be a non-permeable part having water permeability. By this, seawater can be made to flow in from the deep gravel layer 1 into the well 3, and the distance of the gravel layer 1 through which this seawater passes can be lengthened. Thereby, the filtration distance by the gravel layer 1 of the seawater flowing into the well 3 can be increased, and the quality of the salt water in the well 3 can be improved.

Further, when the seawater inflow portion and the non-permeable portion are provided as shown in FIG. 3, the well 3 can have an airtight structure in which the gas above the surface of the salt water in the well 3 is substantially sealed. If the well 3 has an airtight structure as shown in FIG. 3, the water level of the salt water 6 in the well 3 can be increased. In addition, the atmospheric pressure in the well can be lowered, and water droplets generated in the well can flow into the salt water. This will be described below.
In the rising tide, the leak valve 15 provided in the upper part of the well 3 is opened and seawater is caused to flow into the well 3 from the inflow hole 10. At high tide, the water level of the salt water 6 in the well 3 is substantially the same as the sea level at high tide. At this time, the leak valve 15 is closed. When the sea level is lowered and the sea level is lowered, the water level of the salt water 6 in the well 3 is lowered in conjunction with the sea level, but when the level of the salt water 6 is lowered, the atmospheric pressure in the well 3 is lowered. . For this reason, a difference arises between the atmospheric pressure in the well 3 and the atmospheric pressure, and the water level of the salt water 6 in the well 3 becomes higher than the sea level. Moreover, when the atmospheric | air pressure in the well 3 falls, the salt water 6 will become easy to vaporize and the quantity of the water vapor | steam in the well 3 will increase.
Next, the tide rises with the leak valve 15 closed, and when the salt water level in the well 3 rises, the atmospheric pressure in the well 3 rises, and the water vapor in the well 3 becomes water droplets and flows into the salt water in the well 3. For this reason, the salt concentration of the salt water in the well 3 decreases. This can reduce the cost of taking the salt water in the well 3 and making it fresh.

  It is to be noted that the opening on the side of the water storage tank 4 of the communication flow path 8 is provided to be salt water in the water storage tank 4 so that the gas in the water storage tank 4 does not flow into the well 3 through the communication flow path 8. it can. For example, the outlet of the communication channel can be provided close to the bottom of the water storage tank 4. Further, the communication flow path 8 can have a backflow prevention valve 22 in order to suppress the salt water accumulated in the water storage tank 4 from flowing into the well 3 due to a decrease in the atmospheric pressure in the well 3.

The well 3 may have an inlet close to the bottom of the well 3 and a soot tube connected to the sixth pump 12f. Further, sand or soil that has entered the well 3 through the inflow hole 10 or the like and deposited on the bottom 3 of the well 3 is sucked up from the inlet of the vertical pipe and discharged from the well 3. By providing such dredging equipment, it is possible to suppress the accumulation of sand and soil in the well 3, and it is possible to suppress a decrease in the amount of salt water that can be taken from the well 3.
The well 3 can also have an inclined bottom. Moreover, the inflow port of the soot pipe can be provided close to the lowest part of the inclined bottom part. As a result, the sand and soil accumulated at the bottom of the well 3 can be collected at the lowest part, and the collected sand and soil can be sucked up by the culvert pipe.
Moreover, the movable bottom provided in the well 3 so that pulling up was possible can also be provided. As a result, the movable bottom can be raised and the sand and soil deposited on the bottom of the well can be dredged.
Sand or soil dredging deposited at the bottom of the well 3 can be performed, for example, at high tide. Thereby, the energy consumption required for the bag can be reduced.

1-2. Water storage tank, communication channel The water storage tank 4 communicates with the well 3 through the communication channel 8 and is provided so as to store salt water flowing in from the well 3. Further, the communication channel 8 is provided so that the salt water in the well 3 flows into the water tank 4 when the water level of the salt water in the well 3 becomes high.
The inflow port on the well 3 side of the communication channel 8 can be provided at a position slightly lower than the water level of the sea level at high tide. As a result, the level of salt water in the well 3 at the time of high tide is higher than the inlet on the well 3 side of the communication channel 8, and salt water in the well 3 can flow into the communication channel 8. The salt water that has flowed through 8 can flow into the water storage tank 4. In addition, by providing the inlet on the well 3 side of the communication channel 8 at this position, when the salt water level in the well 3 is lowered due to low tide, the salt water in the water storage tank 4 passes through the communication channel 8. It is possible to prevent the water from flowing into the well 3, and the water tank 4 can store the salt water flowing from the well 3.

The water storage tank 4 is not particularly limited as long as it can store salt water flowing in from the well 3, but may be made of concrete, plastic, or metal, for example.
The water tank 4 may be a water tank separated by a well 3 and a partition wall. In this case, the communication channel 8 may be provided at the partition wall or the upper end thereof.
In addition, the water storage tank 4 can have a pumping pipe connected to the fifth pump 12e. The salt water in the water storage tank 4 can be taken from this pumping pipe.

The water tank 4 may be provided so that fresh water can flow in. Thereby, the salt concentration of the salt water in the water storage tank 4 can be reduced, and the cost for desalinating the salt water can be reduced. The fresh water flowing into the water storage tank 4 may be, for example, fresh water generated as a result of desalination by a desalination plant, groundwater, or fresh water taken from a river or the like.
The communication flow path 8 may be a tubular flow path, and is provided on a partition wall that separates the well 3 and the water storage tank 4 from which salt water flows when the salt water in the well 3 overflows. May be.

2. Photocatalyst device The photocatalyst device is provided with a photocatalyst unit 48 so as to receive sunlight. The salt water that has flowed into the photocatalyst device comes out of the photocatalyst device after coming into contact with the photocatalyst portion 48 where photocatalytic activity has occurred by receiving light. By circulating the salt water through such a photocatalyst device, the organic matter contained in the salt water can be decomposed and removed by the photocatalytic activity of the photocatalyst unit 48. In particular, bromic acid that may be generated from a small amount of bromine contained in seawater can be decomposed. In addition, clogging of the membrane in the filtration device 50, the desalting device 25, and the like can be suppressed, and further, bacteria and the like can be prevented from breeding in the salt water.
A known photocatalyst material such as titanium oxide can be used for the photocatalyst portion 48.

3. Filtration device, salt water tank, supply flow path, first pump The filtration device 50 performs filtration of salt water flowing in through a filtration membrane 51 such as an MF (microfiltration) membrane or a UF (ultrafiltration) membrane. By providing such a filtration device 50, it is possible to remove fine particles, bacterial cells, and the like contained in the salt water. The filtration device 50 can include a pressurization device or a decompression device in order to filter through the filtration membrane 51.
The salt water filtered by the filtration device 50 is stored in the second salt water tank 55b or the third salt water tank 55c, and then supplied to the desalination device 25 and the like through the supply channel 13.

The salt water tank 55 stores salt water. The salt water tank 55 may store salt water that has been filtered by the filtration device 50, or may store high concentration salt water 62 discharged from the high concentration salt water discharge port 17 of the desalination device 25.
Here, the 2nd salt water tank 55b, the 3rd salt water tank 55c, and the supply flow path 13 which store the salt water filtered by the filtration apparatus 50 are demonstrated.
The desalination system 70 can have the 3rd saltwater tank 55c installed in the position higher than the desalination apparatus 25. FIG. The third saltwater tank c55 can be installed, for example, on the top of a mountain, on a hill, on a tower, on the roof of a building, or on an upper floor.
Further, the third saltwater tank 55c can be installed at a position higher than 30m and lower than 700m compared to the desalination apparatus 25, can be installed at a position higher than 50m and lower than 700m, and is higher than 80m and lower than 700m. It can also be installed.
As described above, when the salt water in the third salt water tank 55c is supplied to the desalinator 25 by providing a difference in height between the third salt water tank 55c and the desalinator 25, The water pressure according to the height difference between the three salt water tanks 55c and the desalting apparatus 25 can be applied. This water pressure can be used for desalination by the desalting apparatus 25. That is, the potential energy of the salt water stored in the third salt water tank 55c can be used for desalination by the desalinator 25.

  Moreover, the desalination apparatus 70 can have the 2nd salt water tank 55b installed in the substantially same height as the desalination apparatus 25. FIG. Here, “installed at substantially the same height” refers to a case where the desalinator 25 and the second salt water tank 55b are installed on substantially the same floor. In addition, when not providing the 3rd saltwater tank 55c, the position which installs the 2nd saltwater tank 55b is not specifically limited.

The salt water filtered by the filtering device 50 may be pumped from the filtering device 50 to the third salt water tank 55c by the fourth pump 12d. Moreover, the salt water filtered by the filtration apparatus 50 may be stored in the 2nd salt water tank 55b, and the salt water in the 2nd salt water tank 55b may be pumped to the 3rd salt water tank 55c by the 4th pump 12d. By salt water being pumped by the fourth pump 12d, salt water can be stored in the third salt water tank 55c.
The electric power used for driving the fourth pump 12d may be supplied from a power generation device 29 using natural energy described later. Thereby, the electrical energy of the power generator 29 using natural energy can be stored as the potential energy of the salt water stored in the third salt water tank 55c.

The salt water in the third salt water tank 55 c flows through the supply flow path 13 and is supplied to the desalting apparatus 25.
Further, the salt water in the third salt water tank 55c may be pressurized by the first pump 12a after flowing through the supply flow path 13 and supplied to the desalinator 25.
As the first pump 12a, a high-pressure pump such as a turbine pump or a plunger pump can be used.
For example, when the 3rd saltwater tank 55c is installed in the position 600 m or more higher than the desalination apparatus 25, the salt water in the 3rd saltwater tank 55c is directly supplied to the desalination apparatus 25 via the supply flow path 13. Can do. In this case, since the water pressure corresponding to the height difference between the third saltwater tank 55c and the desalinator 25 is 60 atmospheres or more, salt water having a water pressure of 60 atmospheres or more can be supplied to the desalinator 25. The salt water supplied in the salt device 25 can be filtered through a reverse osmosis membrane. Therefore, fresh water can be produced by the desalinator 25 without driving the first pump 12a.

For example, when the 3rd saltwater tank 55c is installed in the position about 50m higher than the desalination apparatus 25, the saltwater in the 3rd saltwater tank 55c is desalted via the supply flow path 13 and the 1st pump 12a. The device 25 can be supplied. In this case, since the water pressure corresponding to the height difference between the third salt water tank 55c and the desalinator 25 is about 5 atm, the first pump 12a pressurizes about 55 atm and has a water pressure of about 60 atm. Brine can be supplied to the desalinator 25. Thereby, the salt water supplied in the desalting apparatus 25 can be filtered by the reverse osmosis membrane, and fresh water can be produced by the desalting apparatus 25.
Thus, by using the water pressure according to the height difference between the third saltwater tank 55c and the desalinator 25, that is, the potential energy of the saltwater stored in the third saltwater tank 55c, the power consumption of the first pump 12a is reduced. Can be reduced.

The supply flow path 13 can switch between a flow path for supplying the salt water in the third salt water tank 55c to the desalination apparatus 25 and a flow path for supplying the salt water in the second salt water tank 55b to the desalination apparatus 25. Can be provided. The flow path can be switched by the valve 15. The opening and closing of the valve 15 can be controlled by a computer or the like.
The supply pump 13 may be connected to the first pump 12a.

When supplying the salt water in the 2nd salt water tank 55b to the desalination apparatus 25 with the supply flow path 13, the salt water of about 60 atmospheres pressurized by the 1st pump 12a is supplied to the desalination apparatus 25. FIG. Thereby, the salt water supplied in the desalting apparatus 25 can be filtered by the reverse osmosis membrane, and fresh water can be produced by the desalting apparatus 25.
In this case, the electric power consumed by the first pump 12a is larger than when the salt water in the third salt water tank 55c is supplied to the desalting apparatus 25.

The first pump 12a may be driven by a power generation device 29 using natural energy described later.
When the power generation amount of the power generation device 29 using natural energy is large, the supply flow path 13 is switched to a flow path that pressurizes salt water in the second salt water tank 55b by the first pump 12a and supplies the salt water to the desalination apparatus 25. In this case, since there is sufficient electric power that can be used by the first pump 12a, the desalinator 25 produces fresh water from the salt water in the second salt water tank 55b.
When there is surplus power in the power generation device 29, the power generation device 29 supplies power to the fourth pump 12d, and pumps the salt water filtered by the filtration device 50 by the fourth pump 12d to the third salt water tank 55c. Thereby, the amount of salt water stored in the third salt water tank 55c can be increased, and the amount of salt water that can be supplied from the third salt water tank 55c to the demineralizer 25 can be increased.

  When the power generation amount of the power generation device 29 using natural energy is small, the supply flow path 13 is switched to a flow path for supplying the salt water in the third salt water tank 55c to the desalination apparatus 25. Accordingly, the first pump 12a can be driven with less power consumption, and fresh water can be produced from the salt water by the desalinator 25. Moreover, when the 3rd saltwater tank 55c is installed in the place where it is high enough, fresh water can be manufactured from saltwater by the desalination apparatus 25, without driving the 1st pump 12a.

  The first pump 12 a is provided so as to pressurize the salt water with at least one of the power supplied from the power generator 29 using natural energy and the power supplied from the osmotic pressure power generator 30. For this reason, the electric power consumed by the first pump 12a necessary for producing fresh water by the desalination apparatus 25 can be supplied by the power generation apparatus 29 and the osmotic pressure power generation apparatus 30 using natural energy.

4). Desalination Device The desalination device 25 is separated from a reverse osmosis membrane (RO membrane) that filters supplied salt water to separate fresh water and high-concentration salt water, and a fresh water discharge port 16 that discharges the separated fresh water. And a high-concentration salt water discharge port 17 for discharging the high-concentration salt water. In addition, the desalinator 25 can include a salt water channel and a fresh water channel partitioned by a reverse osmosis membrane. The reverse osmosis membrane has many pores with a diameter of about 2 nanometers or less, and water molecules can pass through the pores, but hydrated sodium ions and chloride ions can pass through the pores. Can not. The desalinator 25 produces fresh water and high-concentration salt water using the properties of this reverse osmosis membrane.

The desalinator 25 is supplied with salt water having a water pressure of about 60 atm by pressurization by the first pump 12a or the like, and the salt water supplied to the desalinator 25 flows through the salt water flow path. Water molecules contained in the salt water flowing through the salt water channel pass through the holes of the reverse osmosis membrane due to a pressure difference between the salt water flowing through the salt water channel and the fresh water channel, and become fresh water in the fresh water channel. Further, since sodium ions and chlorine ions contained in the salt water flowing through the salt water channel cannot pass through the holes of the reverse osmosis membrane, they flow through the salt water channel. For this reason, high-concentration salt water is discharged from the outlet 17 for high-concentration salt water, which is the outlet of the salt water channel, and fresh water is discharged from the outlet 16 for fresh water, which is the outlet of the fresh water channel.
Fresh water discharged from the desalinator 25 is stored in a fresh water tank 57 and used as domestic water.
The high-concentration salt water discharged from the desalination apparatus 25 is stored in a first salt water tank 55a included in the high-concentration salt water supply unit 24. The high-concentration salt water may be stored in the first salt water tank 55a after flowing through the first heating unit 40a.

5. Power generation device using natural energy As the power generation device 29 using natural energy, for example, a solar battery 28, a solar thermal power generation device, a wind power generation device, a wave power generation device, a tidal power generation device, a geothermal power generation device, a marine temperature difference power generation Devices, biomass power generation devices and the like.
By using such a power generation device using natural energy, salt water can be desalinated with electric power generated without using fossil fuel or nuclear fuel.

Here, the case where the power generation device 29 using natural energy is the solar cell 28 will be described.
The solar cell 28 is not particularly limited as long as a photovoltaic power is generated by receiving sunlight. Moreover, the electric power generated by the solar cell 28 is supplied to the first pump 12a and used for desalination of salt water.
The electric power generated by the solar cell 28 may be supplied to the second pump 12b and used to supply the high-concentration salt water 62 to the high-concentration side flow path 35 of the osmotic pressure power generation device 30, and supplied to the third pump 12c. And may be used to supply fresh water or salt water to the low-concentration side flow path 34 of the osmotic pressure power generation device 30, and may be used to pump salt water to the third salt water tank 55c supplied to the fourth pump 12d. Alternatively, it may be supplied to the fifth pump 12e and used to pump up the salt water 6 in the well 3 or the salt water 7 in the water tank 4.
Since the solar cell 28 cannot generate power at night, salt water can be desalinated at night by using system power or power generated by the osmotic pressure power generator 30 described later.

The solar cell 28 can be provided to be cooled by the heat absorption part 46a of the heat exchanger 45a. As a result, it is possible to suppress the temperature of the solar cell 28 from rising and the power generation capacity of the solar cell 28 from decreasing.
Further, the heat radiating portion 47 a of the heat exchanger 45 a can be provided so as to radiate heat to the salt water 6 in the well 3 or the salt water 7 in the water storage tank 4. Thereby, the water viscosity of the salt water can be reduced by increasing the temperature of the salt water to be taken, and the efficiency of filtration by the filtration device 50 and the efficiency of desalination using the reverse osmosis membrane can be improved. . The heat radiating portion 47 can be provided in the salt water 6 in the well 3 or in the salt water 7 in the water storage tank 4, or can be provided on the outer wall of the well 3 or the outer wall of the water storage tank 4.

6). 1st heating part The 1st heating part 40a heats the high concentration salt water supplied from the desalination apparatus 25, and concentrates high concentration salt water. The 1st heating part 40a can be provided so that high concentration salt water can be heated by receiving sunlight, for example. By providing the 1st heating part 40a, the salt concentration of highly concentrated salt water can be raised and the electric power generation amount by the osmotic pressure electric power generation apparatus 30 mentioned later can be enlarged.

  The first heating unit 40 a is provided so as to supply the water vapor generated by heating the high-concentration salt water 62 discharged from the high-concentration salt water discharge port 17 into fresh water or salt water supplied to the low-concentration side flow path 34. May be. As a result, the temperature of fresh water or salt water supplied to the low concentration side channel 34 can be increased, and the osmotic pressure generated in the semipermeable membrane 32 can be increased. Moreover, when supplying salt water to the low concentration side flow path 34, the salt concentration of the water supplied to the low concentration side flow path can be reduced.

The first heating unit 40a can be provided such that water vapor generated by heating the high-concentration salt water is cooled by the heat absorption unit 46c of the heat exchanger 45c. This makes it possible to produce fresh water from water vapor. This fresh water can be provided to flow into the fresh water tank 57.
Further, the heat radiating portion 47 c of the heat exchanger 45 c can be provided so as to radiate heat to the salt water 6 in the well 3 or the salt water 7 in the water storage tank 4. Thereby, the water viscosity of the salt water can be reduced by increasing the temperature of the salt water to be taken, and the efficiency of filtration by the filtration device 50 and the efficiency of desalination using the reverse osmosis membrane can be improved. .

  The 1st heating part 40a can be provided so that the water vapor | steam produced by heating highly concentrated salt water may be supplied to the salt water in the well 3 or the salt water in the water storage tank 4. FIG. As a result, the salt water in the well 3 or the salt water in the water storage tank 4 can be heated, the salt water concentration of these salt waters can be reduced, and the cost of desalination by the desalinator 25 is reduced. be able to.

The 1st heating part 40a can have a means to collect the salt which precipitates by heating high concentration salt water. For example, the first heating unit 40a can be provided with a movable bottom, and the movable salt can be collected from the high concentration salt water to recover the deposited salt deposited on the bottom.
The salt recovered from the first heating unit 40 a can be stored in the salt storage unit 67. The salt stored in the salt storage unit 67 can be supplied into the high concentration side channel by the salt supply unit 66.

7). Osmotic pressure power generation device The osmotic pressure power generation device 30 includes a semipermeable membrane 32, a high concentration side flow channel 35 and a low concentration side flow channel 34 partitioned by the semipermeable membrane 32, and a high concentration side flow channel 35 or a low concentration side. A hydroelectric turbine 37 that communicates with the flow path 34, a water supply unit 23 that supplies fresh water or salt water to the low concentration side flow path 34, and a high concentration water discharged from the high concentration salt water discharge port 17 to the high concentration side flow path 35. And a high-concentration salt water supply unit 24 that supplies the concentration salt water 62.
Further, the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 is provided so as to generate power when the power generation amount of the power generation device 29 using natural energy decreases and supply power to the first pump 12a. As a result, even when the power generation amount of the power generation device 29 using natural energy fluctuates and the power generation amount decreases, the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 generates power, and the desalination device 25 uses the generated power to generate fresh water. Can be manufactured. Thereby, even when the power generation amount of the power generation device 29 using natural energy is reduced, fresh water can be stably produced.
The semipermeable membrane 32 is, for example, a reverse osmosis membrane, a nanofiltration membrane, or an ultrafiltration membrane.

  When the power generation amount of the power generation device 29 using natural energy decreases and the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 generates power, the water supply unit 23 supplies fresh water or salt water to the low-concentration side channel 34, and the high-concentration salt water supply unit 24. Thus, the high-concentration salt water 62 is supplied to the high-concentration side channel 35. As a result, an osmotic pressure can be generated in the semipermeable membrane 32 due to a salt concentration difference between the salt water flowing through the high concentration side channel 35 and the fresh water or salt water flowing through the low concentration side channel 34. Accordingly, the water contained in the fresh water or the salt water flowing through the low concentration side channel 34 permeates the semipermeable membrane 32 and flows into the salt water flowing through the high concentration side channel 35. For this reason, the osmotic pressure causes a water flow in a flow path for supplying fresh water or salt water to the low concentration side flow path 34 or a flow path for discharging salt water from the high concentration side flow path 35. Therefore, by installing the hydroelectric power generation turbine 37 in either of the flow paths, the turbine can be rotated by the water flow generated by the osmotic pressure, and power can be generated. The electric power generated by the hydroelectric turbine 37 is supplied to the first pump 12a.

Note that the greater the difference between the salinity concentration of the water flowing through the low-concentration side channel 34 and the salinity concentration of the water flowing through the high-concentration side channel 35, the greater the osmotic pressure generated in the semipermeable membrane 32. The amount of water flowing from the channel 34 into the high concentration channel 35 increases. As a result, the power generation amount of the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 also increases.
In addition, the temperature of the water flowing in the low-concentration side flow path 34 is higher than the temperature of the water flowing in the high-concentration side flow path 35, and the larger the temperature difference, the larger the osmotic pressure generated in the semipermeable membrane 32, The amount of water flowing from the low concentration side channel 34 into the high concentration side channel 35 increases. As a result, the power generation amount of the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 also increases.

In addition, when the power generation amount of the power generation device 29 using natural energy is recovered and power generation by the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 is stopped, supply of fresh water or salt water to the low concentration side flow path 34 by the water supply unit 23 is stopped. Then, the supply of the high-concentration salt water 62 to the high-concentration side channel 35 by the high-concentration salt water supply unit 24 is stopped. As a result, the flow of water penetrating the semipermeable membrane 32 is reduced, and the rotation of the hydroelectric turbine 37 is stopped and the power generation is stopped.
Thus, the osmotic pressure power generator 30 is relatively easy to start and stop. For this reason, when the power generation amount of the power generation device 29 using natural energy for supplying power to the first pump 12a is reduced, power generation by the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 can be easily started, and the first pump 12a Electric power can be supplied. Moreover, when the power generation amount of the power generation device 29 using natural energy for supplying power to the first pump 12a is recovered, the power generation by the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 can be easily stopped.

  The water supply unit 23 is provided so as to supply fresh water or salt water to the low concentration side channel 34. The water supply unit 23 can have, for example, a third pump 12c and a flow path. When the water supply unit 23 supplies fresh water to the low-concentration side channel 34, the water supply unit 23 supplies, for example, fresh water generated as a result of desalination by the desalination system 70 to the low-concentration side channel 34. Alternatively, groundwater may be supplied to the low concentration side channel 34, or fresh water taken from a river or the like may be supplied to the low concentration side channel 34. When the water supply unit 23 supplies salt water to the low concentration side channel 34, the salt water stored in the second salt water tank 55 b can be supplied to the low concentration side channel 34. In this case, the salt water stored in the second salt water tank 55b has substantially the same salinity concentration as seawater, but the high concentration water discharged from the high concentration salt water discharge port 17 of the desalination device 25 into the high concentration side channel 35. By flowing the concentration salt water, an osmotic pressure due to a difference in salinity between the low concentration side channel 34 and the high concentration side channel 35 can be generated. Moreover, since the salt water stored in the 2nd salt water tank 55b is filtered by the filtration apparatus 50, clogging etc. of the semipermeable membrane 32 can be suppressed.

  The water supply unit 23 may be provided so as to heat fresh water or salt water supplied to the low-concentration side channel 34 by heat generated in the first heating unit 40a. For example, the water vapor generated in the first heating unit 40 a may be provided so as to be supplied to fresh water or salt water supplied to the low-concentration side channel 34, and the first heating unit is added to the channel included in the water supply unit 23. You may provide so that the heat which generate | occur | produces in 40a may be transmitted. Thereby, the osmotic pressure generated in the semipermeable membrane 32 can be increased, and the power generation amount of the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 can be increased.

  Moreover, you may have the 2nd heating part 40b which heats the fresh water or salt water which the desalination system 70 supplies to the low concentration side flow path 34. FIG. As a result, the temperature of the water flowing through the low concentration side flow path 34 can be increased, and the temperature difference between the water flowing through the low concentration side flow path 34 and the water flowing through the high concentration side flow path 35 can be increased. it can. Thereby, the osmotic pressure generated in the semipermeable membrane 32 can be increased, and the power generation amount of the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 can be increased. The second heating unit 40 b may be provided so that heat is transmitted to the flow path of the water supply unit 23, or may be provided so that heat is directly transmitted to the low concentration side flow path 34. Further, the second heating unit 40b may be a part that heats fresh water or salt water by heat generated by receiving sunlight, for example.

  The high-concentration salt water supply unit 24 is provided so as to supply the high-concentration salt water 62 discharged from the high-concentration salt water discharge port 17 of the desalination apparatus 25 to the high-concentration side channel 35. Therefore, osmotic pressure can be generated in the semipermeable membrane 32 using the high salinity of the high-concentration salt water 62 discharged from the high-concentration salt water discharge port 17, and the osmotic pressure power generator 30 can generate power. it can. That is, the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 can generate power using the high-concentration salt water 62 produced by the desalination device 25 as an energy source.

The high-concentration salt water supply unit 24 can include, for example, a second pump 12b, a first salt water tank 55a, and a flow path.
The first salt water tank 55a stores the high-concentration salt water 62 discharged from the high-concentration salt water discharge port 17 of the desalination apparatus 25. Moreover, the 1st salt water tank 55a can store the high concentration salt water 62 which flowed through the 1st heating part 40, after being discharged | emitted from the discharge port 17 for high concentration salt water.
By providing the first salt water tank 55 a that stores the high-concentration salt water 62, the high-concentration salt water generated along with the desalination by the desalination device 25 can be stored as an energy source of the osmotic pressure power generation device 30.

When starting the osmotic pressure power generation device 30, the second pump 12b starts supplying the high concentration salt water 62 stored in the first salt water tank 55a to the high concentration side flow path 35 and stops the osmotic pressure power generation device 30. At this time, the supply of the high-concentration salt water 62 to the high-concentration side channel 35 is stopped.
Further, the second pump 12b can be provided so that the amount of the high-concentration salt water 62 supplied to the high-concentration side flow path 35 can be adjusted.
The high-concentration salt water supply unit 24 can also include a flow rate adjusting valve for adjusting the amount of the high-concentration salt water 62 supplied to the high-concentration side channel 35.
By adjusting the amount of the high-concentration salt water 62 supplied to the high-concentration side channel 35 by the second pump 12b or the flow rate adjusting valve, the power generation by the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 can be made efficient.

The osmotic pressure power generation device 34 may include a sensor unit 36 that measures the osmotic pressure generated in the semipermeable membrane 32. The sensor unit 36 may measure, for example, the difference between the water pressure of the water flowing through the low concentration side flow path 34 and the water pressure of the water flowing through the high concentration side flow path 35. The difference between the salinity of the flowing water and the salinity of the water flowing through the high-concentration side channel 35 may be measured.
The high-concentration salt water supply unit 24 may be provided so as to adjust the amount of high-concentration salt water supplied to the high-concentration side channel 35 based on the measurement result of the sensor unit 34. As a result, the amount of high-concentration salt water supplied to the high-concentration side channel 35 can be adjusted so that the power generation amount of the osmotic pressure power generation device 34 is increased, and the power generation efficiency of the osmotic pressure power generation device 34 is increased. Can do. For example, the high-concentration salt water supply unit 24 passes high-concentration salt water that is half the amount of water that permeates the semipermeable membrane 32 and flows from the low-concentration side channel 34 into the high-concentration side channel 35. 35 can be provided.

The desalination system 70 can include a salt supply unit 66 that supplies salt that is precipitated by heating high-concentration salt water in the first heating unit 40 a into the high-concentration side flow path 35. Further, the salt supply unit 66 can supply the salt stored in the salt storage unit 67 into the high concentration side flow path 35. When salt is supplied to the salt water flowing into the high concentration side channel 35 by the salt supply unit 66, the salt is dissolved in the salt water, and the salt concentration of the salt water flowing through the high concentration side channel 35 can be increased. Thereby, the osmotic pressure generated in the semipermeable membrane 32 can be increased, and the power generation amount of the osmotic pressure power generation device 34 can be increased.
Further, when the salt is dissolved in the salt water, the temperature of the salt water is lowered by the heat of dissolution, so that the temperature difference between the water flowing through the low concentration side channel 34 and the water flowing through the high concentration side channel 35 can be increased. Thereby, the osmotic pressure generated in the semipermeable membrane 32 can be increased, and the power generation amount of the osmotic pressure power generation device 34 can be increased.

The osmotic pressure power generation device 30 can be provided so that the high-concentration salt water flowing through the high-concentration side channel 35 is cooled by the heat absorption part 46b of the heat exchanger 45b. Thereby, the power generation efficiency of the osmotic pressure power generation device 30 can be improved.
Further, the heat radiating portion 47 b of the heat exchanger 45 b can be provided so as to radiate heat to the salt water 6 in the well 3 or the salt water 7 in the water storage tank 4. Thereby, the water viscosity of the salt water can be reduced by increasing the temperature of the salt water to be taken, and the efficiency of filtration by the filtration device 50 and the efficiency of desalination using the reverse osmosis membrane can be improved. .

  1: Gravel layer 3: Well 4: Water tank 6: Salt water in the well 7: Salt water in the water tank 8: Communication channel 10: Inflow hole 12: Pump 12a: First pump 12b: Second pump 12c: Third Pump 12d: Fourth pump 12e: Fifth pump 12f: Sixth pump 13: Supply flow path 15: Valve 16: Fresh water discharge port 17: High concentration salt water discharge port 20: Seawater intake device 22: Backflow prevention valve 23: Water supply unit 24: High-concentration salt water supply unit 25: Desalination device 28: Solar cell 29: Power generation device using natural energy 30: Osmotic pressure power generation device 32: Semipermeable membrane 34: Low concentration side channel 35: High concentration Side flow path 36: Sensor part 37: Hydroelectric power generation turbine 40: Heating part 40a: First heating part 40b: Second heating part 45: Heat exchanger 45a: 1st heat exchanger 45b: 2nd heat exchanger 45c: 3rd heat exchanger 46: Heat absorption part 46a: 1st heat absorption part 46b: 2nd heat absorption part 46c: 3rd heat absorption part 48: Photocatalyst part 50: Filtration Device 51: Filtration membrane 55: Salt water tank 55a: First salt water tank 55b: Second salt water tank 55c: Third salt water tank 57: Fresh water tank 61: Salt water 62: High-concentration salt water 63: Fresh water 65: Steam condensing device 66: Salt Supply unit 67: Salt storage unit 68: Salt recovery means 70: Desalination system

Claims (13)

A desalinator, a first pump for supplying pressurized salt water to the desalinator, an osmotic pressure power generator, a power generator using natural energy, and a first heating unit ,
The desalination apparatus includes a reverse osmosis membrane that filters supplied salt water to separate fresh water and high-concentration salt water, a fresh water discharge port that discharges the fresh water, and a high-concentration salt water discharge that discharges the high-concentration salt water. And an exit
The first heating unit is provided to concentrate the high-concentration salt water by heating the high-concentration salt water discharged from the high-concentration salt water outlet and removing the water as water vapor.
The osmotic pressure power generator includes a semi-permeable membrane, a high-concentration side channel and a low-concentration side channel partitioned by the semi-permeable membrane, and a hydraulic power communicating with the high-concentration side channel or the low-concentration side channel. A power generation turbine, a water supply unit that supplies fresh water or salt water to the low concentration side channel, and a high concentration salt water supply unit that supplies high concentration salt water concentrated by a first heating unit to the high concentration side channel Have
The high-concentration salt water supply unit has a first salt water tank and a second pump,
The first salt water tank is provided to store the high-concentration salt water concentrated by the first heating unit,
The second pump is provided to supply the high-concentration salt water stored in the first salt water tank to the high-concentration side flow path when the osmotic pressure power generator generates power,
The first pump is provided so as to pressurize the salt water with at least one of the power supplied from the power generator using the natural energy and the power supplied from the osmotic pressure power generator,
The desalination system, wherein the osmotic pressure power generation device is provided so as to generate power when the power generation amount of the power generation device using natural energy decreases and to supply power to the first pump. A first heat exchanger;
The power generator using natural energy state, and are a solar cell,
The desalination system according to claim 1 , wherein the first heat exchanger is provided so as to absorb heat of the solar cell and dissipate heat to salt water before desalination. A fresh water tank
The water supply unit is provided so as to heat fresh water or salt water supplied to the low concentration side flow path by heat generated in the first heating unit ,
The first heating unit is provided so that water vapor generated by heating the high-concentration salt water is cooled by the second heat exchanger to obtain fresh water,
The desalination system according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the fresh water tank is provided to store the obtained fresh water. The first heating unit supplies steam generated by heating the high-concentration salt water discharged from the high-concentration salt water discharge port to fresh water or salt water supplied to the low-concentration side flow path, and the fresh water or salt water is supplied The desalination system as described in any one of Claims 1-3 provided so that it may heat and supply a water | moisture content to the said fresh water or salt water . A salt supply unit ;
The salt supply unit supplies salt that precipitates by heating high-concentration salt water in the first heating unit to the high-concentration side channel, increases a salt concentration of salt water flowing through the high-concentration side channel, and The desalination system as described in any one of Claims 1-4 provided so that the temperature of the flowing salt water might be reduced. A salt storage unit;
The first heating unit includes means for recovering the salt precipitated by heating the high-concentration salt water,
The salt storage unit is provided to store the salt recovered by the means for recovering the salt;
The desalination system according to claim 5 , wherein the salt supply unit is provided so as to supply the salt stored in the salt storage unit to the high-concentration channel. The hydroelectric power generation turbine mixes water that flows through the semipermeable membrane by osmotic pressure and flows from the low-concentration side channel into the high-concentration side channel and high-concentration salt water that flows through the high-concentration side channel. The salt water discharged from the high-concentration side channel is provided to generate electricity by flowing through the hydroelectric turbine ,
The water supply unit supplies the water vapor generated in the first heating unit to fresh water or salt water supplied to the low-concentration side flow path, warms the fresh water or salt water, and supplies moisture to the fresh water or salt water. The desalination system as described in any one of Claims 1-6 provided in . The osmotic pressure power generation device has a sensor unit for measuring an osmotic pressure between the high concentration side flow path and the low concentration side flow path,
The high-concentration salt water supply unit according to any one of claims 1 to 7 which is arranged to adjust the amount of supplied high-concentration brine to the high density side flow path based on the measurement result of the sensor unit Desalination system. The high-concentration salt water supply unit passes high-concentration salt water that is half the amount of water that permeates the semipermeable membrane and flows from the low-concentration side flow channel into the high-concentration side flow channel into the high-concentration side flow channel. 9. A desalination system according to claim 8 , provided to supply. A seawater intake section for taking seawater; and a filtration section for filtering salt water taken by the seawater intake section,
The water supply unit is provided to supply the salt water filtered by the filtration unit to the low concentration flow path ,
The seawater intake part is provided near the coast and has a well hole, and a well provided such that seawater that has penetrated into the ground flows from the side wall or bottom of the well hole, a water tank, and the well A communication channel for communicating with the water storage tank,
The well is provided such that the water level of the salt water in the well is linked with the water level of the sea water, and when the water level of the salt water in the well increases, Provided to flow into the reservoir,
The water tank is provided to store salt water flowing from the well,
The well has a seawater inflow portion provided in a portion lower than the sea level in the low tide of the tide and a non-permeable portion provided in a portion higher than the sea level in the tide of the tide.
The well is provided so as to have an airtight structure in which the gas above the surface of the salt water in the well is substantially sealed, and has a leak valve above the well,
The desalination system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , wherein the inlet on the well side of the communication channel is provided at a position slightly lower than the water level of the sea level at high tide . A photocatalyst portion ;
11. The desalination system according to claim 10 , wherein the photocatalyst unit is provided so as to be able to contact the salt water taken by the seawater intake unit and is capable of receiving light, and is provided so as to decompose bromic acid contained in the salt water. . A second salt water tank for storing the salt water filtered by the filtration unit; a third salt water tank installed at a position higher than the desalination apparatus; and a third pump for pumping water to the third salt water tank. ,
The water supply unit is provided so as to supply salt water stored in a second salt water tank to the low concentration side flow path ,
The second saltwater tank is installed at substantially the same height as the demineralizer,
The desalination system according to claim 10 or 11 , wherein the flow path for supplying salt water to the desalination apparatus includes a valve for switching between a flow path from a third salt water tank and a flow path from a two salt water tank . The desalination system according to any one of claims 1 to 12 , further comprising a second heating unit that heats fresh water or salt water supplied to the low-concentration channel.