CN114716037A - Deep-pipe seawater desalination device - Google Patents
Deep-pipe seawater desalination device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114716037A CN114716037A CN202110005109.4A CN202110005109A CN114716037A CN 114716037 A CN114716037 A CN 114716037A CN 202110005109 A CN202110005109 A CN 202110005109A CN 114716037 A CN114716037 A CN 114716037A
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000009292 forward osmosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/445—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by forward osmosis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a deep-tube type seawater desalination device, which comprises a long deep tube, wherein the depth of the deep tube is greater than the working pressure required by a seawater pretreatment filter and a reverse osmosis or forward osmosis device, and the depth of the deep tube is about 300 to 800 meters. If the device is arranged in shallow sea, as the sea water depth can not meet the requirement, a large hole is drilled in the sea bottom, so that the depth from the sea surface to the bottom of the hole can meet the requirement, and then a deep pipe is arranged in the hole and is directly communicated to the sea surface; if the seawater desalination device is arranged in the deep sea, and the seawater depth at the position meets the requirement, a deep pipe is directly installed, and the depth of the deep pipe also meets the requirement; the pipe is provided with a seawater pretreatment filtering device, a reverse osmosis or forward osmosis device, a fresh water pump and a concentrated seawater pump. Fresh water pipelines and concentrated seawater pipelines. When the device is operated, no pressure is applied to a seawater preprocessor and a reverse osmosis device or a forward osmosis device, the working pressure of the devices comes from the natural pressure of seawater, and only the desalinated fresh water and concentrated seawater need to be pumped to the sea surface. Therefore, the method is energy-saving, has uncomplicated process, and is beneficial to large-scale popularization so as to solve the problem of fresh water shortage in China and coastal regions in the world.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a seawater desalination device, in particular to a deep-pipe seawater desalination device used in shallow sea or general sea.
Background
Reverse osmosis devices are mature and common seawater desalination devices at present, and forward osmosis devices are emerging seawater desalination devices, and have the advantages of high efficiency, low equipment investment and the like. However, since they require a relatively high pressure device (the reverse osmosis device requires a higher pressure device than the forward osmosis device), they also require a complete set of equipment such as a high-pressure pump, a high-pressure pipeline, a high-pressure energy recovery device and the like, which greatly increases the equipment cost and the operation cost of the device. Some inventors propose improvements to this, such as: the patent No. 201510772717.2 proposes that the reverse osmosis device can work by pumping seawater into a deep well and using the huge pressure generated by the high water pressure of the deep well, so as to automatically desalt seawater and achieve the purpose of saving energy. However, the device needs to vertically dig a large well with a shield tunneling machine hundreds of meters deep on the coast, the engineering amount is huge, and seawater is pumped into the well. The patent is designed to improve the defects, reduce the construction investment of the primary project and reduce the daily operation cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the seawater desalination device, the invention develops a deep-tube seawater desalination device which does not need artificial high-pressure system for reverse osmosis and forward osmosis through theoretical exploration and experimental research.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention solves the technical problem by adopting the technical principle that the deep-pipe type seawater desalination device is mainly arranged on the sea surface and is provided with a long deep pipe, a reverse osmosis or forward osmosis seawater desalination component and a seawater pretreatment component at the lower part of the deep pipe; the device can automatically and continuously produce the desalinated water with low energy consumption by utilizing the high pressure naturally generated by the deep sea water, wherein the pressure of the high pressure is necessarily greater than the pressure required by the normal work of a seawater pretreatment component and a reverse osmosis or forward osmosis desalination component, and the desalinated water and the concentrated sea water are respectively pumped up only by a small amount of energy.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the invention relates to a seawater desalination device, which adopts the technical scheme for solving the technical problems, and comprises a large pipe which is long enough and deep enough, wherein the vertical depth of the large pipe extending into seawater is required to reach or exceed:
or
In the formula (II)fOr HZThe depth P of the reverse osmosis or forward osmosis filter device is determined when the seawater desalination device works normallyyPressure, P, required by seawater desalination pretreatment componentsfNormal working pressure, P, required for the reverse osmosis elementzThe normal operating pressure, ρ, g, required for the forward osmosis element is the density and gravitational acceleration of the seawater at this location, respectively.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: when the seawater desalination plant is located in shallow sea, (the depth of water is less than above [0005]]Strip offOr HZ) It is necessary to drill a deep well in the sea floor, and the deep well is provided with a deep pipe, one part of which is buried in the deep well in the sea floor, and the other part of which is exposed in the upper sea water to the sea surface.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: when the seawater desalination device is arranged at deeper ocean (the water depth is not less than [0005] above]Strip offOr HZ) The whole deep pipe is suspended in the seawater.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: when the seawater desalination device is arranged in shallow sea or deeper sea, the depth of the bottom of the deep pipe from the sea level is not less than [0005]]Strip offOr HZ。
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the deep-pipe seawater desalination device is a total deep pipe, and also comprises a fresh water delivery pipe and a fresh water submersible pump inside the deep pipe; a concentrated seawater conveying pipe, a concentrated water submersible pump and the like.
According to a further technical scheme, the seawater pretreatment device is arranged inside the bottom of the deep pipe and consists of a ceramic coarse filtering layer, an ultrafiltration component and a nanofiltration component.
According to a further technical scheme, when the deep pipe is placed in shallow sea, a ceramic coarse filter layer is also arranged on the outer wall of the deep pipe close to the seabed.
According to a further technical scheme, the outer wall of the bottom of the deep-pipe seawater desalination device is provided with a ceramic coarse filter layer.
According to a further technical scheme, the outermost layer of the deep-pipe seawater desalination device is wrapped with a heat insulation material layer.
According to a further technical scheme, when the filtered fresh water is pumped to the sea surface by the fresh water submersible pump, the filtered fresh water is stored in the fresh water storage.
According to the further technical scheme, the deep-pipe seawater desalination device is characterized in that the concentrated seawater left after filtration is pumped to the sea surface by a concentrated water drainage pump.
In a further aspect of the present invention, the deep-tube seawater desalination apparatus is characterized in that the desalinated water and the remaining concentrated seawater are stored in different containers, and the containers are respectively provided with a heat exchanger, so as to exchange the temperature of the colder seawater in the ocean to other seawater desalination apparatuses (such as natural temperature difference energy or solar seawater desalination apparatuses) needing cooling, so as to improve the yield of fresh water and reduce energy consumption.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the present invention installed at a shallow sea (seabed depth less than [0005]]H of a stripfOr HZ) A schematic structural diagram of (1).
FIG. 2 shows the present invention at a deeper sea (sea depth greater than [0005]]H of a stripfOr HZ) A schematic structural diagram of (1).
The designations in the above figures have the following meanings: it comprises a deep pipe 1, containing: the seawater desalination device comprises a ceramic seawater rough filter 2, a water inlet pipe 3, a seawater preprocessor 4, reverse osmosis or forward osmosis seawater desalination equipment 5, a concentrated water discharge pump 6, a fresh water submersible pump 7, a fresh water delivery pipe 8, a concentrated seawater delivery pipe 9, a heat exchanger 10, a fresh water storage 11 and a pipe wall heat insulation layer 12.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1The operation principle of the deep-pipe seawater desalination device at the shallow seaside is as follows: because the device is arranged at the shallow seaside, the depth of the seabed at the shallow seaside can not reach [0005]]The requirement of a strip where the maximum pressure of seawater does not allow the desalination plant to operate automatically to produce fresh water, so drilling a deep hole at the seabed requires a depth from the bottom of the hole to the average sea surface of more than [0005]]H of a stripfOr HZDepth of (2), in general, HfRatio HZThe total depth H of the reverse osmosis seawater desalination equipment needs to be deepfReach 400-800 m and the total depth H of the forward osmosis seawater desalination equipmentZShould be less than this depth, but not less than 300 meters; reach and exceed the total pressure of the deep sea water [ 0005%]The requirements of the strip; a deep pipe 1 is buried in the hole, and the deep pipe seawater desalination device can automatically separate fresh water from seawater by using the total pressure of the seawater.
When the seawater desalination device of [0021] starts to work, firstly, seawater passes through the annular ceramic seawater coarse filter 2 at the middle section of the deep pipe and enters the annular water inlet pipe 3, the ceramic seawater coarse filter 2 at the bottom also starts to feed water, and the seawater at the moment is primarily filtered; then the water is further filtered (including ultrafiltration and nanofiltration) by a seawater preprocessor 4 and then is cleaner; then the clean seawater is naturally pressed into a reverse osmosis or forward osmosis seawater desalination device 5 by the seawater, and the seawater is desalted and separated into fresh water and concentrated seawater through the device 5 under strong pressure; they are stored in two water tanks, respectively.
The fresh water tank and the concentrated seawater tank are respectively provided with a concentrated water discharge pump 6 and a fresh water submersible pump 7 which respectively convey concentrated seawater and fresh water to the sea surface through a concentrated seawater water conveying pipe 9 and a fresh water conveying pipe 8. The two pumps, in addition to pumping water, also have the effect of maintaining the pressure of the desalination plant 5 at one atmosphere, so that the entire desalination plant operates continuously.
In order to transfer the colder water and colder temperature of the deep sea into the heat exchanger 10, the outer layer of the deep pipe of the whole equipment is wrapped with a pipe wall heat insulation layer 12.
The fresh water is pumped to a fresh water reservoir 11 at the surface, which also has a heat exchanger 10; similarly, the concentrated seawater delivery pipe 9 also has a heat exchanger 10 on the sea surface, and the common function of the heat exchanger and the heat exchanger is to transfer the colder temperature of the cold water in the deep sea to other seawater desalination devices which need cooling (such as natural temperature difference energy or solar seawater desalination devices).
FIG. 2 is another design of the patent, which is applied to seawater with a deep sea bottom depth reaching the requirement of [0005] strip, and the maximum pressure of the sea at the position enables the desalination device to continuously and automatically operate to produce fresh water, and the device reduces the drilling of the sea bottom compared with the device of FIG. 1, and does not have a ceramic seawater strainer 2, a ring-shaped water inlet pipe 3 and the like at the middle part of the pipeline. The rest is similar to the attached figure 1. The whole deep-tube desalter is suspended in water.
The other design of the patent, which is also applied to the seawater with deeper depth, is a simpler design than the other design of the attached figure 2, the design omits a long deep pipe 2, instead, a long fresh water delivery pipe 8 is adopted, and a concentrated water delivery pipe 9 is directly delivered to the lower part of the device and is directly discharged to the deep sea by a concentrated water discharge pump 6.
The deep-pipe seawater desalination device is adopted, natural pressure of deep seawater is utilized, seawater automatically passes through the pretreatment device and the reverse osmosis membrane, energy is not consumed, only a small amount of electric energy is needed to pump fresh water and concentrated seawater to the sea surface from the bottom of the pipe (compared with the cost of pumping water to the ground by drilling a fresh water well with the same depth on the land, the cost is a little bit more). Compared with the traditional seawater desalination device, the device saves a large amount of energy. [0002] The deep well seawater desalination device achieves the same energy-saving purpose, but a shield machine is used for digging a deep well, so that the initial investment of the desalination device is large, the application and popularization of the desalination device are severely limited, the initial investment of the deep well seawater desalination device is not large, the deep well seawater desalination device can be popularized and applied in coastal areas, and the contradiction between China and the world and the serious shortage of fresh water is solved.
Claims (8)
1. A deep-tube seawater desalination device is characterized by comprising a deep tube 1, which contains: the device comprises a ceramic seawater rough filter 2, an annular water inlet pipe 3, a seawater preprocessor 4, reverse osmosis or forward osmosis seawater desalination equipment 5, a concentrated water discharge pump 6, a fresh water submersible pump 7, a fresh water delivery pipe 8, a concentrated seawater delivery pipe 9, a heat exchanger 10, a fresh water storage 11, a pipe wall heat insulation layer 12 and a deep hole 13.
2. The deep-tube seawater desalination plant of claim 1, wherein the depth of the deep tube 1 from the sea level is such that the natural pressure generated by the seawater at that location should be greater than the sum of the pressure required for the seawater pre-treater water 4 and the pressure required for the normal operation of the reverse osmosis or forward osmosis seawater desalination plant 5.
3. A deep-tube sea-water desalination plant as claimed in claims 1 and 2, characterized in that when the plant is located at a deep sea where the natural pressure of the sea water is required to meet the requirements of claim 2, the whole deep tube is suspended in the sea water.
4. The deep-pipe seawater desalination plant as claimed in claims 1 and 2, wherein when the said desalination plant is located at shallow sea (where the natural pressure generated by seawater is less than the requirement of claim 2), a deep well is drilled, and a deep pipe is installed in the deep well, wherein a part of the deep pipe is exposed out of the upper seawater, and another part of the deep pipe is buried in the deep sea bottom, and the depth from the bottom of the deep pipe to the sea level after drilling is in accordance with the requirement of claim 2.
5. The deep-tube seawater desalination plant as claimed in claims 1, 2, 3, and 4, wherein the outer wall and bottom of the deep-tube are equipped with a ceramic seawater strainer 2.
6. The deep pipe seawater desalination plant of claims 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, wherein the outermost layer of the deep pipe is wrapped with a layer of thermal insulation material 12.
7. The deep-tube seawater desalination plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outlet of the fresh water delivery pipe 8 has a fresh water storage 11 for storing fresh water at a low temperature, and a heat exchanger 10 is further provided at the lower part thereof for condensing solar energy or other distillation type seawater desalination plants.
8. The deep-tube seawater desalination plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentrated seawater delivery pipe 9 is further provided with a heat exchange device 10 at the upper end thereof, so as to facilitate the transfer of the temperature of the relatively cold seawater in the deep ocean to other seawater desalination plants to be cooled.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110005109.4A CN114716037A (en) | 2021-01-04 | 2021-01-04 | Deep-pipe seawater desalination device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110005109.4A CN114716037A (en) | 2021-01-04 | 2021-01-04 | Deep-pipe seawater desalination device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114716037A true CN114716037A (en) | 2022-07-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110005109.4A Withdrawn CN114716037A (en) | 2021-01-04 | 2021-01-04 | Deep-pipe seawater desalination device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117803043A (en) * | 2024-02-29 | 2024-04-02 | 山东省水利科学研究院 | Synchronous exploitation and recharging device and method for salty and fresh water in same well |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1261059A (en) * | 1999-01-18 | 2000-07-26 | 顾志龙 | System for desalinating sea water in deep sea |
| KR20020072315A (en) * | 2001-03-08 | 2002-09-14 | 한국해양연구원 | Fresh water And Salt Production Method Using The Depth Of Water Pressure And Reverse Osmosis And Device Thereof |
| CN202369424U (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2012-08-08 | 范海东 | Deepwater reverse osmosis sea water desalting device |
| CN104860364A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-08-26 | 青岛理工大学 | Tidal direct-drive seawater desalination and energy utilization system |
| CN105236517A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-01-13 | 杜善骥 | Deep-well gravity reverse osmosis seawater desalting device |
| CN109809581A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-05-28 | 海南大学 | Deep sea static pressure energy reverse osmosis desalination device and the method for utilizing deep sea water |
| CN217051794U (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2022-07-26 | 黄俊强 | Deep-pipe seawater desalination device |
-
2021
- 2021-01-04 CN CN202110005109.4A patent/CN114716037A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1261059A (en) * | 1999-01-18 | 2000-07-26 | 顾志龙 | System for desalinating sea water in deep sea |
| KR20020072315A (en) * | 2001-03-08 | 2002-09-14 | 한국해양연구원 | Fresh water And Salt Production Method Using The Depth Of Water Pressure And Reverse Osmosis And Device Thereof |
| CN202369424U (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2012-08-08 | 范海东 | Deepwater reverse osmosis sea water desalting device |
| CN104860364A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-08-26 | 青岛理工大学 | Tidal direct-drive seawater desalination and energy utilization system |
| CN105236517A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-01-13 | 杜善骥 | Deep-well gravity reverse osmosis seawater desalting device |
| CN109809581A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-05-28 | 海南大学 | Deep sea static pressure energy reverse osmosis desalination device and the method for utilizing deep sea water |
| CN217051794U (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2022-07-26 | 黄俊强 | Deep-pipe seawater desalination device |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117803043A (en) * | 2024-02-29 | 2024-04-02 | 山东省水利科学研究院 | Synchronous exploitation and recharging device and method for salty and fresh water in same well |
| CN117803043B (en) * | 2024-02-29 | 2024-05-31 | 山东省水利科学研究院 | Synchronous exploitation and recharging device and method for salty and fresh water in same well |
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Application publication date: 20220708 |