CN202369424U

CN202369424U - Deepwater reverse osmosis sea water desalting device

Info

Publication number: CN202369424U
Application number: CN2011205323345U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 范海东
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-12-19
Filing date: 2011-12-19
Publication date: 2012-08-08
Anticipated expiration: 2021-12-19

Abstract

The utility model provides a deepwater reverse osmosis sea water desalting device. The deepwater reverse osmosis sea water desalting device comprises a fresh water chamber [4], and a fresh water pump [10] in the fresh water chamber; a semipermeable membrane assembly is arranged on a permeable window [9] of the fresh water chamber; the sea water side of the semipermeable membrane assembly is formed outside the fresh water chamber, and the fresh water side is formed in the fresh water chamber; a sea water chamber [3] is enclosed outside the fresh water chamber, the sea water chamber is provided with a sea water inlet [2] and a concentrated water outlet, a front treatment device is arranged at the sea water inlet, a raw water inlet of the front treatment device is formed outside the sea water chamber, and an outlet for pre-treated sea water is formed in the sea water chamber; and the sea water chamber is provided with a concentrated water outlet, or the concentrated water outlet is also provided with a water discharge pump [6]. According to the deepwater reverse osmosis sea water desalting device, the sea water chamber is formed at the periphery, the fresh water chamber is formed in the sea water chamber, and the front treatment device and the semipermeable membrane assembly are arranged at the internal and external junction of the chambers. Compared with the prior art, the deepwater reverse osmosis sea water desalting device has the advantages that the deepwater reverse osmosis sea water desalting device has a simple appearance, pipelines are greatly saved, and a structure is greatly simplified.

Description

The deep water reverse osmosis desalination device

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of deep water reverse osmosis desalination device.

Background technology

At present, method for desalting seawater commonly used has distillation method and membrane separation process two big classes, and the former has multistage flash distillation (MSF), low temperature multiple-effect distillation (LTME) and low temperature and pressure steam distillation (MVC) etc. again, and the latter has r-o-(RO) and electrodialysis (ED).Because distillation method needs the heat of labor; Only being adapted at some specific occasions (like power station, Iron And Steel Plant etc.) uses; In membrane separation process then because of electrodialysis is mainly used in the desalination of brackish water its sea water desaltination of having faded out more greatly than the r-o-power consumption investment of more Duoing, so at present can be in a large number and widespread use be that reverse osmosis seawater desalting is technological.If seawater and fresh water are placed the semi-permeable membranes both sides respectively, because the difference of osmotic pressure, fresh water will get into seawater one side through semi-permeable membranes, make the liquid level of seawater one side be higher than fresh water one side, till the osmotic pressure of both sides equates; If apply certain pressure in seawater one side; (concentration is that 3.5% penetration of sea water is pressed and is approximately 2.8MPa when pressure during greater than the permeable pressure head of both sides; Be about as much as 280 meters pressure when sea water advanced), the water molecules of seawater one side will arrive fresh water one side through semi-permeable membranes, and the salt concn of seawater one side will improve; Thereby reach new osmotic pressure balance, the ultimate principle of reverse osmosis method sea water desaltination that Here it is.

General desalination by reverse osmosis device comprises seawater extraction element, pre-procesor, semi-permeable membranes assembly, seawater increasing apparatus, fresh water retrieving arrangement, condensed water tapping equipment; The former water of seawater is isolated fresh water and condensed water with semi-permeable membranes after promote pressure through pre-process after pressing greater than penetration of sea water, reclaimed fresh water and discharged condensed water by the condensed water tapping equipment by the fresh water retrieving arrangement again.Wherein the lifting of pressure is undertaken by HPP; Because needed pressure is bigger; The recovery again can not too high (too high easy blocking semi-permeable membranes influences the semi-permeable membranes life-span), so the fresh water that is obtained needs HPP that more a large amount of seawater is promoted pressure; Make that the energy consumption of reverse osmosis desalination device of prior art is very high, Cost of seawater desalination is still higher.

For the energy consumption that makes reverse osmosis desalination device descends, the someone has proposed in deep-sea or deep-well, to carry out the r-o-operation, utilizes the nature water colunm pressure to substitute the pressure that HPP is provided.

Like Chinese invention patent 200610171310.5 " deep sea hydraulic and vacuum double-dynamical hyperfiltration seawater desalination vacuum device "; It has the fresh water output mouth of pipe of external-compression type reverse osmosis module to be connected on vacuum to obtain indoor; Vacuum obtains the import that the chamber connects pump; It is indoor that this pump outlet is connected on another vacuum acquisition, and one vacuum acquisition chamber, back connects the import of pump again, and this pump is transported to the SL with fresh water.This external-compression type r-o-vacuum fresh-water generator is installed in the degree of depth greater than 200 meters seabed.It utilizes the indoor water of pump extracting vacuum acquisition to make vacuum obtain the chamber and forms certain negative pressure to improve the resulting pressure difference of reverse osmosis module; But whole apparatus structure is complicated; The extraction of fresh water not only will have stage pump to repeat, and for obtaining vacuum certain energy expenditure is arranged also.

Propose in the and for example Chinese invention patent application " underground reverse-osmosis seawater desalination vacuum plant system engineering " (application publication number CN101830541): " storage of the deep-well in high pressure sea water water storage system seawater pipe lower end is extend on the indoor ground of deep layer underground activities; deep-well storage seawaterline upper end quite is communicated with big marine seawater through the seawater hydraulic pipe-line; an electrically operated valve is installed; the reverse osmosis desalination device system is installed in above the ground of deep layer underground activities chamber on the seawater hydraulic pipe-line; quite be communicated with the deep-well storage seawater pipe that extend into the deep layer vault through the defeated seawaterline of reverse osmosis desalination device system mesohigh; the fresh water rising pipe in the reverse osmosis desalination device system extend into building desalination water tank under the ground of deep layer underground activities chamber; Concentrated seawater rising pipe in the reverse osmosis desalination device system extend in the concentrated seawater case of device on the ground of deep layer underground activities chamber; HPP is installed in concentrated seawater case side, and the concentrated seawater pipeline of on HPP, installing elevates above the soil through deep well ", fresh water is then mentioned ground with the water-vapour spray vacuum pump.This scheme need arrive ground release with the condensed water extracting with HPP, and the water-vapour spray vacuum pump that promotes fresh water in addition has many condition restriction, and wants the energy dissipating source equally.

Summary of the invention

To above-mentioned deficiency, the utility model is exactly that a kind of deep water reverse osmosis desalination device that utilizes the own pressure of seawater simple in structure will be provided.

The deep water reverse osmosis desalination device that the utility model provides; Seawater extraction element, pre-procesor, semi-permeable membranes assembly, fresh water retrieving arrangement, condensed water tapping equipment are arranged; Wherein the semi-permeable membranes component mounting position is when b.s.l. is done r-o-by semi-permeable membranes below the needed depth of water; Said fresh water retrieving arrangement comprises the fresh water pump in a freshwater room and the freshwater room; Said semi-permeable membranes assembly is installed on the permeable window of freshwater room wall, and the seawater side of semi-permeable membranes assembly is outside freshwater room, and dilute side is in freshwater room; Said seawater extraction element is to be trapped among the outer seawater chamber of freshwater room; There are sea intake and condensed water outlet in the seawater chamber; At the sea intake place pre-procesor is installed, the original water inlet of pre-procesor is outdoor at seawater, and is indoor at seawater through pretreated seawer outlet; Said condensed water tapping equipment is the condensed water outlet of seawater chamber, and perhaps the condensed water outlet also is equipped with wet-pit.

The deep water reverse osmosis desalination device that the utility model provides; The periphery has only the seawater chamber; Freshwater room is within the seawater chamber; And pre-procesor and semi-permeable membranes assembly all are installed in the inside and outside intersection of chamber, and compared with prior art, the utility model profile is succinct, pipeline is saved greatly, structure is simplified greatly.Fresh water after the utility model only needs to desalinate is promoted to sea level altitude, and there is not the lifting work done in condensed water, is need condensed water be pushed away outlet at the most, so greatly reduce the power consumption of sea water desaltination, has reduced Cost of seawater desalination; Owing to need not pressurize to seawater, so can adopt the lower recovery, can prolong the work-ing life of semi-permeable membranes, reduce the semi-permeable membranes fouling and stop up the probability that takes place; The main power consumption parts of this device are fresh water pumps; When the fresh water air pump inoperative; The desalination process still can be carried out, and makes sea pressure be not enough to implement r-o-up to the fresh water water level, so this device can also use the discontinuity energy such as wind energy and sun power to operate.

Said seawater chamber is a vertical tube or the deep-well more than the SL suitable for reading, its bottom seals; At the required degree of depth of b.s.l. pre-procesor WP place, the condensed water outlet is one to be inserted into the concentrated water pipe of bottom to the sea intake of seawater chamber, concentrates water pipe installation wet-pit suitable for reading at vertical tube or deep-well wall; Said freshwater room is and the co-axial vertical tube in seawater chamber, and it is suitable for reading, and to be higher than the seawater chamber suitable for reading, its bottom seals; The fresh water pump suction port is being installed below the semi-permeable membranes module position in the freshwater room, and the fresh water pump relief outlet is upwards guided to outside the freshwater room through fresh water pipe.No matter be,, the seawater chamber can operate as long as being sunk to enough degree of depth this cases in the pelagic realm or in the neritic region.Especially in the neritic region, need only and select the degree of depth of sea intake enough to be installed or seawater to be guided to sea intake, just can construct the open caisson construction through dig deep-well or mud district in the marine rock district at more shallow zone passage inclined shaft.

Said freshwater room seals with end socket in the above position of installation semi-permeable membranes module position, and fresh water pipe passes end socket and between pipe outer wall and end socket, seals, and comparable such scheme is more economized many materials.

Said seawater chamber seals with end socket in the above position of freshwater room end socket; Sea intake is one side on top, seawater chamber; The condensed water outlet is opposite side in bottom, seawater chamber, and sea intake and condensed water outlet all are equipped with vacuum breaker, and degree of depth stationary installation is arranged on the seawater chamber; The sea intake direction is met to ocean current during installation, and condensed water Way out and ocean current are in the same way.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the axial sectional view of the utility model one embodiment, among the figure: 1-ocean, 2-pre-procesor (sea intake), 3-seawater chamber; The 4-freshwater room, 5-fresh water pipe, 6-wet-pit, 7-seabed; 8-concentrates water pipe, the permeable window of 9-(semi-permeable membranes assembly), 10-fresh water pump;

Fig. 2 is the axial sectional view of another embodiment of the utility model, among the figure: 11-ocean, 12-pre-procesor (sea intake), 13-seawater chamber; The 14-freshwater room, 15-fresh water pipe, 16-wet-pit, 17-seabed; 18-concentrates water pipe, the permeable window of 19-(semi-permeable membranes assembly), 20-fresh water pump;

Fig. 3 is the utility model axial sectional view of an embodiment again, among the figure: 21-ocean, 22-pre-procesor (sea intake), 23-seawater chamber; The 24-freshwater room, 25-fresh water pipe, 27-seabed; The outlet of 28-condensed water, the permeable window of 29-(semi-permeable membranes assembly), 30-fresh water pump.

Embodiment

1, as shown in Figure 1; The batholith seabed 7 cutting deep-wells at place, 1 shallow sea are seawater chamber 3 in the ocean; Well depth more than 280 meters (280 meters is theoretical least depths, actual grade consider water production rate and semi-permeable membranes to pass through pressure drop will be darker), the borehole wall adopts the impervious materials manufacturing; The diameter of well is big as much as possible, and well head exceeds the SL.Reserve sea intake 2 at the borehole wall place that is lower than the SL, the seawater pre-procesor is installed with bigger solid particulate and the free chlorine removed in the seawater by the sea intake place.In well, an internal layer borehole wall being installed is freshwater room 4, also adopts the impervious materials manufacturing.The internal layer borehole wall has several permeable windows 9 below 280 meters under the SL, concrete quantity optionally water production rate and decide, installation semi-permeable membranes assembly on permeable window, the seawater side of semi-permeable membranes assembly outside dilute side interior.Security personnel's filtering layer (effect is further to remove impurity, makes seawater reach the semi-permeable membranes requirement) also is installed outside the semi-permeable membranes assembly.Between interior bottom and the permeable window storage area is arranged, a fresh water pump 10 wherein is installed fresh water is pumped to outer wellhead through fresh water pipe 5 from interior well.Have in the outer well outside Nei Jing one concentrate water pipe 8 from well head be inserted into the shaft bottom be lower than in below the permeable window of well, concentrated water pipe is discharged in the ocean through wet-pit 6 the above position of well head outside.

Outer well water position remains on sea level altitude because of being communicated with the ocean; When interior well fresh water water level and SL difference more than 280 meters (because water molecules is during through semi-permeable membranes; The pressure drop of a forward is arranged; So the degree of depth of actual needs is darker) time, the inside and outside pressure difference of semi-permeable membranes has surpassed the osmotic pressure of seawater to semi-permeable membranes, well in then water molecules gets into through semi-permeable membranes.In the fresh water of interior well makes through constantly drawing water of fresh water pump no longer rise in the well water position, and water molecules will get into interior well continually, and desalting process will constantly carry out.The concentration of seawater of well will strengthen outside after desalting process begins; Hinder the carrying out of desalination process, just in time be inserted in the concentration of seawater larger part and concentrate the water pipe mouth of pipe, can be through wet-pit with outside it out well; Because the existence of hydraulic pressure in the outer well; The condensed water condensed water pipe of can passing through certainly is raised to (have one and overcome the needed pressure reduction of the resistance of ducting) near the SL, so wet-pit almost just provides an outside mobile power to condensed water, the energy of required consumption is less.

2, as shown in Figure 2; Similar with last example, this example also is applied to neritic region in the ocean 11, have equally building in the seabed 17 seawater chamber 13; There is the sea intake 12 that pre-procesor is installed the seawater chamber, and has to concentrate the condensed water tapping equipment that water pipe 18 wet-pits 16 constitute.But its freshwater room 14 is airtight pressure vessels, and permeable window 19 is equipped with semi-permeable membranes assembly and security personnel's filtering layer equally on the permeable window on wall of container.Fresh water pump 20 is installed in container bottom, and fresh water pipe 15 passes window top end socket and draws, and seals between fresh water pipe and the end socket.The fresh water amount that this example ought need is used more after a little while, thereby has simplified equipment.

3, as shown in Figure 3, use when satisfying the depth of water and requiring when sea water advanced.Freshwater room 24 with seawater chamber 23 be inside and outside two-layer airtight pressure vessel.The seawater chamber is installed in the ocean 21 through degree of depth stationary installation, said degree of depth stationary installation, like stake in the seabed 27 or anchor and floating drum or sinker and the floating drum of anchor is arranged.Sea intake 22 mounting heights that pre-procesor is equipped with in the seawater chamber are higher than condensed water outlet 28, and unidirectional inside vacuum breaker also is installed in the sea intake, and its condensed water outlet then is equipped with unidirectional outside vacuum breaker.Make current direction point to the condensed water outlet during installation, also can use rudder wing structure guiding, install wet-pit additional if the ocean current flow velocity is crossed low can the outlet in condensed water from sea intake.The inner fresh water pump 30 of installing of internal layer container, fresh water pipe 25 is worn ectonexine window top end socket, and seals with two end sockets respectively.Internal layer container structure and last example with, also leave permeable window 29 and mounting filtering layer and semi-permeable membranes assembly above that at wall.

Claims

1. deep water reverse osmosis desalination device; Seawater extraction element, pre-procesor, semi-permeable membranes assembly, fresh water retrieving arrangement, condensed water tapping equipment are arranged; Wherein the semi-permeable membranes component mounting position is when b.s.l. is done r-o-by semi-permeable membranes below the needed depth of water; It is characterized in that said fresh water retrieving arrangement comprises the fresh water pump in a freshwater room and the freshwater room; Said semi-permeable membranes assembly is installed on the permeable window of freshwater room wall, and the seawater side of semi-permeable membranes assembly is outside freshwater room, and dilute side is in freshwater room; Said seawater extraction element is to be trapped among the outer seawater chamber of freshwater room; There are sea intake and condensed water outlet in the seawater chamber; At the sea intake place pre-procesor is installed, the original water inlet of pre-procesor is outdoor at seawater, and is indoor at seawater through pretreated seawer outlet; Said condensed water tapping equipment is the condensed water outlet of seawater chamber, and perhaps the condensed water outlet also is equipped with wet-pit.

2. deep water reverse osmosis desalination device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said seawater chamber is a vertical tube or the deep-well more than the SL suitable for reading, its bottom seals; At the required degree of depth of b.s.l. pre-procesor WP place, the condensed water outlet is one to be inserted into the concentrated water pipe of bottom to the sea intake of seawater chamber, concentrates water pipe installation wet-pit suitable for reading at vertical tube or deep-well wall; Said freshwater room is and the co-axial vertical tube in seawater chamber, and it is suitable for reading, and to be higher than the seawater chamber suitable for reading, its bottom seals; The fresh water pump suction port is being installed below the semi-permeable membranes module position in the freshwater room, and the fresh water pump relief outlet is upwards guided to outside the freshwater room through fresh water pipe.

3. deep water reverse osmosis desalination device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that said freshwater room seals with end socket in the above position of installation semi-permeable membranes module position, and fresh water pipe passes end socket and between pipe outer wall and end socket, seals.

4. deep water reverse osmosis desalination device as claimed in claim 3; It is characterized in that said seawater chamber seals with end socket in the above position of freshwater room end socket, sea intake is one side on top, seawater chamber, and the condensed water outlet is opposite side in bottom, seawater chamber; Sea intake and condensed water outlet all are equipped with vacuum breaker; Degree of depth stationary installation is arranged on the seawater chamber, and the sea intake direction is met to ocean current during installation, and condensed water Way out and ocean current are in the same way.