JP2014113514A - Filter - Google Patents

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JP2014113514A
JP2014113514A JP2012267235A JP2012267235A JP2014113514A JP 2014113514 A JP2014113514 A JP 2014113514A JP 2012267235 A JP2012267235 A JP 2012267235A JP 2012267235 A JP2012267235 A JP 2012267235A JP 2014113514 A JP2014113514 A JP 2014113514A
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Prior art keywords
layer
filtration
filter
cake
filtration layer
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JP2012267235A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP6053486B2 (en
Inventor
Akihiko Hirose
明彦 廣瀬
Koji Sato
廣司 佐藤
Yasushi Yoshida
耕史 吉田
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Aisan Industry Co Ltd
Nifco Inc
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Aisan Industry Co Ltd
Nifco Inc
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Priority to JP2012267235A priority Critical patent/JP6053486B2/en
Priority to PCT/JP2013/082211 priority patent/WO2014087936A1/en
Publication of JP2014113514A publication Critical patent/JP2014113514A/en
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Publication of JP6053486B2 publication Critical patent/JP6053486B2/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/01—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/02—Filters adapted for location in special places, e.g. pipe-lines, pumps, stop-cocks
    • B01D35/027—Filters adapted for location in special places, e.g. pipe-lines, pumps, stop-cocks rigidly mounted in or on tanks or reservoirs
    • B01D35/0273—Filtering elements with a horizontal or inclined rotation or symmetry axis submerged in tanks or reservoirs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
    • B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/22—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
    • F02M37/32—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements
    • F02M37/34—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements by the filter structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/22—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
    • F02M37/32—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements
    • F02M37/50—Filters arranged in or on fuel tanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
    • B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/12—Special parameters characterising the filtering material
    • B01D2239/1208—Porosity

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filter which can suppress clogging while enhancing filtration accuracy.SOLUTION: A filter 10 is provided with a cake filter protection layer 34 formed between a filter layer 32, and a filter layer 36 of which an average pore diameter is smaller than that of the filter layer 32 on a downstream side of the filter layer 32. The cake filter protection layer 34 has an average pore diameter larger than the average pore diameter of the filter layer 32, and thus large particles K1 passing through the filter layer 32 and fine particles K2 smaller than the particles K1 are deposited on a surface 36A of the filter layer 36 and a cake filter layer 50 is formed. The cake filter protection layer 34 is structured of fiber material which is not likely to break as compared with at least the filter layer 36 on the downstream side out of the filter layer 32 and the filter layer 36 with respect to a compression load generated in a flow channel. Therefore, the cake filter layer 50 is trodden by the compression load generated by a fluid pressure and the filtering layer 32 by the cake filter protection layer 34, and accelerated facilitation of clogging can be suppressed.

Description

本発明は、例えば、フューエルポンプの燃料吸い込み口等に取り付けられるフィルターに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a filter attached to, for example, a fuel suction port of a fuel pump.

従来、フィルターとしては、例えば、特許文献１がある。この従来技術では、二層以上の不織布層のうちの一つの不織布層の気孔を、１．７μm以上１６．６μm以下の範囲とすると共に、この不織布層よりも外方に位置される不織布層の気孔の平均径を、濾過勾配を緩やかにするように、この不織布層の気孔の平均径よりも大きくしている。しかも、この不織布層及びこれよりも外方に位置して濾過勾配を緩やかにする不織布層がメルトブローン法により形成されており、さらに、この不織布層の気孔の平均径と、これよりも外方に位置して濾過勾配を緩やかにする不織布層の気孔の平均径との差が、４０μm以下となっている。   Conventionally, as a filter, there exists patent document 1, for example. In this prior art, the pores of one nonwoven fabric layer of the two or more nonwoven fabric layers are in the range of 1.7 μm or more and 16.6 μm or less, and the nonwoven fabric layer positioned outside the nonwoven fabric layer The average diameter of the pores is made larger than the average diameter of the pores of the nonwoven fabric layer so as to make the filtration gradient gentle. In addition, this nonwoven fabric layer and a nonwoven fabric layer positioned on the outside of the nonwoven fabric and having a gentle filtration gradient are formed by the melt blown method. The difference from the average pore diameter of the nonwoven fabric layer that is positioned and makes the filtration gradient gentle is 40 μm or less.

特許第４３０２７２６号Japanese Patent No. 4302726

しかしながら、特許文献１のフィルターでは、各不織布層中に、その層の気孔に合った大きさのケーク（固体）に加えて、その層の気孔より細かいケークが積層し、さらに、積層したケークが流圧等によって圧縮されることで、不織布層の目詰まりが加速度的に促進する。   However, in the filter of Patent Document 1, in each nonwoven fabric layer, in addition to a cake (solid) having a size suitable for the pores of the layer, a cake finer than the pores of the layer is laminated, and the laminated cake is further formed. By being compressed by fluid pressure or the like, clogging of the nonwoven fabric layer is accelerated at an accelerated rate.

本発明は上記事実を考慮し、濾過精度を高めながら、目詰まりを抑制できるフィルターを得ることを課題とする。   In view of the above facts, an object of the present invention is to obtain a filter capable of suppressing clogging while improving filtration accuracy.

請求項１に記載の本発明のフィルターは、流路の上流側に設けられ、前記流路を流れる流体中の粒子を捕獲する繊維材料からなる上流側濾過層と、前記流路における前記上流側濾過層の下流側に設けられ、気孔の平均径が前記上流側濾過層の気孔の平均径より小さく、前記流体中の粒子を捕獲する繊維材料からなる下流側濾過層と、前記上流側濾過層と前記下流側濾過層との間に設けられ、気孔の平均径が前記上流側濾過層より大きく、且つ前記流体により生じる圧縮荷重に対して前記上流側濾過層と前記下流側濾過層とのうちの少なくとも前記下流側濾過層に比べて潰れ難い繊維材料からなるケーク濾過保護層と、を有する。   The filter of the present invention according to claim 1 is provided on the upstream side of the flow path, and is formed of an upstream filtration layer made of a fiber material that captures particles in the fluid flowing through the flow path, and the upstream side of the flow path. A downstream filtration layer provided on the downstream side of the filtration layer, the average diameter of the pores being smaller than the average diameter of the pores of the upstream filtration layer, and made of a fiber material that captures particles in the fluid; and the upstream filtration layer Between the upstream filtration layer and the downstream filtration layer with respect to a compressive load generated by the fluid. And at least a cake filtration protective layer made of a fiber material that is less likely to be crushed than the downstream filtration layer.

請求項１に記載の本発明では、流路の上流側に設けられ、流路を流れる流体中の粒子を捕獲する繊維材料からなる上流側濾過層と、流路における上流側濾過層の下流側に設けられ、気孔の平均径が上流側濾過層の気孔の平均径より小さく、流体中の粒子を捕獲する繊維材料からなる下流側濾過層と、の間に設らけれたケーク濾過保護層を流体が通過する。この際、ケーク濾過保護層は、気孔の平均径が上流側濾過層の気孔の平均径より大きい繊維材料からなるため、下流側濾過層の表面に上流側濾過層を通過した大きな粒子と細かい粒子とが堆積しケーク濾過層が形成される。また、ケーク濾過保護層は流体により生じる圧縮荷重に対して上流側濾過層と下流側濾過層とのうちの少なくとも下流側濾過層に比べて潰れ難い繊維材料からなる。このため、ケーク濾過保護層によって、流体の流圧や上流側濾過層によって発生する圧縮負荷によってケーク濾過層が踏み締められ、詰まりが加速度的に促進するのを抑制できる。この結果、濾過精度を高めながら、目詰まりを抑制できる。   In the first aspect of the present invention, an upstream filtration layer that is provided on the upstream side of the flow path and is made of a fiber material that captures particles in the fluid flowing in the flow path, and a downstream side of the upstream filtration layer in the flow path And a downstream filtration layer made of a fiber material that captures particles in the fluid and has an average pore diameter smaller than the average pore size of the upstream filtration layer, and a cake filtration protective layer provided between the downstream filtration layer and the downstream filtration layer. Fluid passes through. At this time, the cake filtration protective layer is made of a fiber material in which the average pore diameter is larger than the average pore diameter of the upstream filtration layer, so that large particles and fine particles that have passed through the upstream filtration layer on the surface of the downstream filtration layer. And a cake filtration layer is formed. The cake filtration protective layer is made of a fiber material that is less likely to be crushed than at least the downstream filtration layer of the upstream filtration layer and the downstream filtration layer with respect to the compression load caused by the fluid. For this reason, the cake filtration protective layer can suppress the cake filtration layer from being stepped on by the fluid flow pressure or the compression load generated by the upstream filtration layer, and clogging being accelerated at an accelerated rate. As a result, clogging can be suppressed while increasing the filtration accuracy.

請求項２記載の本発明は請求項１に記載のフィルターにおいて、前記ケーク濾過保護層の平均繊維径は、前記上流側濾過層の平均繊維径と前記下流側濾過層の平均繊維径のうち少なくとも前記下流側濾過層の平均繊維径より太い平均繊維径となっている。   According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the filter according to the first aspect, the average fiber diameter of the cake filtration protective layer is at least of an average fiber diameter of the upstream filtration layer and an average fiber diameter of the downstream filtration layer. The average fiber diameter is larger than the average fiber diameter of the downstream filtration layer.

請求項２記載の本発明では、ケーク濾過保護層の平均繊維径を上流側濾過層の平均繊維径と下流側濾過層の平均繊維径のうち少なくとも下流側濾過層より太い平均繊維径とすることで、流体により生じる圧縮荷重に対してケーク濾過保護層が潰れ難くなっている。このため、ケーク濾過保護層を、上流側濾過層及び下流側濾過層と同じ材質の繊維材料とすることができる。   In the present invention according to claim 2, the average fiber diameter of the cake filtration protective layer is set to be an average fiber diameter that is at least thicker than the downstream filtration layer among the average fiber diameter of the upstream filtration layer and the average fiber diameter of the downstream filtration layer. Thus, the cake filtration protective layer is not easily crushed against the compressive load caused by the fluid. For this reason, the cake filtration protection layer can be made of the same material as the upstream filtration layer and the downstream filtration layer.

請求項３記載の本発明は請求項１または請求項２に記載のフィルターにおいて、前記ケーク濾過保護層を２層以上有する。   According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the filter according to the first or second aspect, the cake filtration protective layer has two or more layers.

請求項３記載の本発明では、２層以上とされた各ケーク濾過保護層において、それぞれケーク濾過層が形成されると共に、２層以上とされた各ケーク濾過保護層によって、流体の流圧や上流側濾過層によって発生する圧縮負荷によって各ケーク濾過層が踏み締められ詰まりが加速度的に促進するのを抑制できる。この結果、濾過精度をさらに高めながら、目詰まりをさらに抑制できる。   In the present invention according to claim 3, in each of the cake filtration protective layers having two or more layers, a cake filtration layer is formed. Each cake filtration layer is stepped down by the compression load generated by the upstream filtration layer, and clogging can be prevented from being accelerated at an accelerated rate. As a result, clogging can be further suppressed while further improving the filtration accuracy.

請求項１に記載の本発明のフィルターは、上記構成としたので、濾過精度を高めながら、目詰まりを抑制できる。   Since the filter according to the first aspect of the present invention has the above-described configuration, clogging can be suppressed while increasing the filtration accuracy.

請求項２に記載の本発明のフィルターは、上記構成としたので、ケーク濾過保護層を、上流側濾過層及び下流側濾過層と同じ材質の繊維材料とすることができる。   Since the filter according to the second aspect of the present invention has the above-described configuration, the cake filtration protective layer can be made of the same material as the upstream filtration layer and the downstream filtration layer.

請求項３に記載の本発明のフィルターは、上記構成としたので、濾過精度をさらに高めながら、目詰まりをさらに抑制できる。   Since the filter according to the third aspect of the present invention has the above-described configuration, clogging can be further suppressed while further improving the filtration accuracy.

本発明の一実施形態に係るフィルターの構成を説明するための概略拡大断面図である。It is a general | schematic expanded sectional view for demonstrating the structure of the filter which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係るフィルターが適用された燃料用フィルターを示す斜視図である。1 is a perspective view showing a fuel filter to which a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. 本発明の一実施形態に係るフィルターが適用された燃料用フィルターの内部に設けられた間隔形成部材を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the space | interval formation member provided in the inside of the filter for fuel to which the filter which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention was applied.

（実施形態）
次に、本発明のフィルターの一実施形態を図１〜図３に従って説明する。
なお、図中、同一又は対応する機能を有する部材（構成要素）には同じ符号を付して適宜説明を省略する。 (Embodiment)
Next, an embodiment of the filter of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
In the drawings, members (components) having the same or corresponding functions are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted as appropriate.

図２に示すように、本実施形態のフィルター１０は、流体としての燃料が入れられた自動車等の燃料タンク内に配置されている。また、フィルター１０はソケット１２に取り付けられており、このソケット１２は燃料タンク内に配されるフューエルポンプ（図示省略）に取付けられている。そして、フューエルポンプによって、燃料タンク内の燃料がフィルター１０によって濾過され、ソケット１２の燃料吸い込み口からエンジン側へ供給されるようになっている。   As shown in FIG. 2, the filter 10 of the present embodiment is disposed in a fuel tank of an automobile or the like in which fuel as a fluid is placed. The filter 10 is attached to a socket 12, and the socket 12 is attached to a fuel pump (not shown) disposed in the fuel tank. The fuel in the fuel tank is filtered by the filter 10 by the fuel pump, and supplied from the fuel suction port of the socket 12 to the engine side.

なお、フィルター１０はシート状となっており、二つ折りにした後、折った辺部１０Ａを除く辺部１０Ｂに沿って、二つ折りにされて重ね合わされた一方の側１０Ｃと他方の側１０Ｄとを熱シールにより一体化し袋状としている。そして、ソケット１２の燃料吸い込み口１２Ａは、フィルター１０に形成された取付孔を通して袋状となってフィルター１０の内部空間に挿入されている。   The filter 10 is in the form of a sheet, and after being folded in half, the side 10B and the other side 10D are folded and folded along the side 10B excluding the folded side 10A. Are integrated into a bag shape by heat sealing. The fuel inlet 12 </ b> A of the socket 12 is inserted into the internal space of the filter 10 in a bag shape through an attachment hole formed in the filter 10.

図３には、袋状となっているフィルター１０の内部空間に配置されている間隔形成部材１８が示されており、この間隔形成部材１８によってフィルター１０を常時膨らんだ袋状に保っている。間隔形成部材１８の各上面１８Ａは袋状となっているフィルター１０の上部１０Ｃの内面に接しており、間隔形成部材１８の各下面１８Ｂは袋状となっているフィルター１０の下部１０Ｄの内面に接している。また、間隔形成部材１８は矩形格子状に形成されており、その上面１８Ａと下面１８Ｂとを繋ぐ複数の燃料の通過部１８Ｃが形成されている。一方の間隔形成部材１８には、貫通孔１９が形成された取付部１８Ｄが形成されており、この取付部１８Ｄにソケット１２の燃料吸い込み口１２Ａが固定されている。   FIG. 3 shows an interval forming member 18 disposed in the internal space of the filter 10 having a bag shape, and the interval forming member 18 keeps the filter 10 in an inflated bag shape at all times. Each upper surface 18A of the spacing member 18 is in contact with the inner surface of the upper portion 10C of the bag-shaped filter 10, and each lower surface 18B of the spacing member 18 is on the inner surface of the lower portion 10D of the bag-shaped filter 10. Touching. The interval forming member 18 is formed in a rectangular lattice shape, and a plurality of fuel passage portions 18C that connect the upper surface 18A and the lower surface 18B are formed. One spacing forming member 18 is formed with a mounting portion 18D in which a through hole 19 is formed, and the fuel suction port 12A of the socket 12 is fixed to the mounting portion 18D.

図１には本実施形態のフィルター１０の概略拡大断面図が示されている。なお、図１において、最外層２８、最内層３０については、各断面構造を省略しており、最外層２８と最内層３０との間の中間層については、濾過経路の断面構造を簡略化している。また、図１の矢印Ｆは、フィルター１０中での燃料の流れる方向を示している。   FIG. 1 is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of the filter 10 of the present embodiment. In FIG. 1, each cross-sectional structure is omitted for the outermost layer 28 and the innermost layer 30, and the cross-sectional structure of the filtration path is simplified for the intermediate layer between the outermost layer 28 and the innermost layer 30. Yes. An arrow F in FIG. 1 indicates the direction of fuel flow in the filter 10.

図１に示すように、フィルター１０の最外層２８は織物メッシュによって構成させており、この最外層２８によって燃料に含まれる水分と燃料とを分離させて水分がフィルター１０の内側に入り込まないようにしている。また、最外層２８は、最外層２８の内層側（流路の下流側）に形成された不織布からなる中間層が直接燃料タンクの内壁などに接して摩耗するのを防止している。従って、燃料タンクの内圧の変化等による燃料タンクの膨縮などに伴ってフィルター１０の下面部と燃料タンクの下部内壁面との間に擦れが生じても、不織布からなる中間層がその影響を直接受けることがなく、中間層を構成する不織布のほつれを防止できるようになっている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the outermost layer 28 of the filter 10 is made of a woven mesh, and the outermost layer 28 separates the moisture contained in the fuel from the fuel so that the moisture does not enter the inside of the filter 10. ing. Further, the outermost layer 28 prevents an intermediate layer made of a nonwoven fabric formed on the inner layer side (downstream side of the flow path) of the outermost layer 28 from being in direct contact with the inner wall of the fuel tank. Therefore, even if rubbing occurs between the lower surface portion of the filter 10 and the lower inner wall surface of the fuel tank due to expansion or contraction of the fuel tank due to a change in the internal pressure of the fuel tank or the like, the intermediate layer made of non-woven fabric will affect the influence. Without being directly received, fraying of the nonwoven fabric constituting the intermediate layer can be prevented.

なお、最外層２８を構成する織物メッシュは、ナイロン繊維、ポリエチレン繊維、ポリプロピレン繊維などの合成繊維を油水分離に十分な細かさの網目を持つように織り込むことによって構成されている。また、織物メッシュは、例えば、畳織、平織、あや織、朱子織などによって構成することができる。   The woven mesh constituting the outermost layer 28 is formed by weaving synthetic fibers such as nylon fibers, polyethylene fibers, and polypropylene fibers so as to have a fine enough mesh for oil-water separation. The woven mesh can be constituted by, for example, tatami mat, plain weave, twill weave, satin weave, and the like.

一方、フィルター１０の最内層３０は補強用のバッキング層となっており、この最内層３０によってフィルター１０に剛性を付与して、フィルター１０を保形し易くしている。また、最内層３０の内側に配置される間隔形成部材１８、２０に、不織布からなる中間層が接することを防止することで、中間層を構成する不織布のほつれを防止できるようになっている。   On the other hand, the innermost layer 30 of the filter 10 is a reinforcing backing layer, and the innermost layer 30 imparts rigidity to the filter 10 to facilitate the shape retention of the filter 10. Further, by preventing the intermediate layer made of the nonwoven fabric from coming into contact with the interval forming members 18 and 20 arranged inside the innermost layer 30, fraying of the nonwoven fabric constituting the intermediate layer can be prevented.

フィルター１０における最外層２８と最内層３０との間には、最外層２８から最内層３０に向かって、中間層を構成する濾過層３２、ケーク濾過保護層３４、濾過層３６、ケーク濾過保護層３８、濾過層４０が順番に積層されている。   Between the outermost layer 28 and the innermost layer 30 in the filter 10, a filtration layer 32, a cake filtration protective layer 34, a filtration layer 36, and a cake filtration protection layer constituting an intermediate layer from the outermost layer 28 toward the innermost layer 30. 38 and the filtration layer 40 are laminated | stacked in order.

濾過層３２、濾過層３６、濾過層４０においては、各層を構成する繊維材料としての不織布の気孔の平均径（Ｒ３２、Ｒ３６、Ｒ４０）が上流側から下流側に向かって、徐々に小さくなっている（Ｒ３２＞Ｒ３６＞Ｒ４０）。従って、フィルター１０のより外層側に位置される濾過層によって比較的粒径の大きいケークを捕捉し、フィルター１０のより内層側に位置される濾過層によって比較的粒径の小さいケークを捕捉することができ、フィルター１０の目詰まりを生じさせ難い状態で、吸引される燃料からケークを適切に除去させることができるようになっている。   In the filtration layer 32, the filtration layer 36, and the filtration layer 40, the average diameter (R32, R36, R40) of the non-woven fabric as a fiber material constituting each layer gradually decreases from the upstream side toward the downstream side. (R32> R36> R40). Therefore, a relatively large particle size cake is captured by the filtration layer positioned on the outer layer side of the filter 10, and a relatively small particle size cake is captured by the filtration layer positioned on the inner layer side of the filter 10. Thus, the cake can be appropriately removed from the sucked fuel in a state in which the filter 10 is hardly clogged.

濾過層３２と濾過層３６との間に設けられたケーク濾過保護層３４においては、構成する不織布の気孔の平均径（Ｒ３４）が、上流側の濾過層３２を構成する不織布の気孔の平均径（Ｒ３２）より大きくなっている（Ｒ３４＞Ｒ３２）。また、濾過層３６と濾過層４０との間に設けられたケーク濾過保護層３８においては、構成する不織布の気孔の平均径（Ｒ３８）が上流側の濾過層３６を構成する不織布の気孔の平均径（Ｒ３６）より大きくなっている（Ｒ３８＞Ｒ３６）。   In the cake filtration protective layer 34 provided between the filtration layer 32 and the filtration layer 36, the average diameter (R34) of the pores of the nonwoven fabric constituting the average diameter of the pores of the nonwoven fabric constituting the upstream filtration layer 32 is determined. It is larger than (R32) (R34> R32). In addition, in the cake filtration protective layer 38 provided between the filtration layer 36 and the filtration layer 40, the average pore diameter (R38) of the nonwoven fabric constituting the average of the pores of the nonwoven fabric constituting the upstream filtration layer 36 It is larger than the diameter (R36) (R38> R36).

且つ、ケーク濾過保護層３４は、フィルター１０を通過する燃料により生じる圧縮荷重に対して濾過層３２と濾過層３６に比べて潰れ難い不織布で構成されている。具体的には、ケーク濾過保護層３４を構成する不織布の平均繊維径（Ｓ３４）は、濾過層３２を構成する不織布の平均繊維径（Ｓ３２）と、濾過層３６を構成する不織布の平均繊維径（Ｓ３６）より太い平均繊維径となっている（Ｓ３４＞Ｓ３２、Ｓ３６）。このため、ケーク濾過保護層３４は剛性が高く、燃料の流圧や濾過層３２によって発生する圧縮負荷によってケーク濾過保護層３４が踏み締められ、詰まりが加速度的に促進するのを抑制できるようになっている。   The cake filtration protective layer 34 is made of a nonwoven fabric that is less likely to be crushed than the filtration layer 32 and the filtration layer 36 against the compressive load generated by the fuel that passes through the filter 10. Specifically, the average fiber diameter (S34) of the nonwoven fabric constituting the cake filtration protective layer 34 is the average fiber diameter (S32) of the nonwoven fabric constituting the filtration layer 32 and the average fiber diameter of the nonwoven fabric constituting the filtration layer 36. (S36) The average fiber diameter is thicker (S34> S32, S36). For this reason, the cake filtration protection layer 34 has high rigidity, and the cake filtration protection layer 34 is stepped on by the flow pressure of the fuel and the compression load generated by the filtration layer 32, and acceleration of clogging can be suppressed. ing.

同様に、ケーク濾過保護層３８は、フィルター１０を通過する燃料により生じる圧縮荷重に対して濾過層３６と濾過層４０に比べて潰れ難い不織布で構成されている。具体的には、ケーク濾過保護層３８を構成する不織布の平均繊維径（Ｓ３８）は、濾過層３６を構成する不織布の平均繊維径（Ｓ３６）と、濾過層４０を構成する不織布の平均繊維径（Ｓ４０）より太い平均繊維径となっている（Ｓ３８＞Ｓ３６、Ｓ４０）。このため、ケーク濾過保護層３８は剛性が高く、燃料の流圧や濾過層３６によって発生する圧縮負荷によってケーク濾過保護層３８が踏み締められ、詰まりが加速度的に促進するのを抑制できるようになっている。   Similarly, the cake filtration protective layer 38 is made of a non-woven fabric that is less likely to be crushed than the filtration layer 36 and the filtration layer 40 against the compressive load caused by the fuel passing through the filter 10. Specifically, the average fiber diameter (S38) of the nonwoven fabric constituting the cake filtration protective layer 38 is the average fiber diameter (S36) of the nonwoven fabric constituting the filtration layer 36 and the average fiber diameter of the nonwoven fabric constituting the filtration layer 40. (S40) The average fiber diameter is thicker (S38> S36, S40). For this reason, the cake filtration protection layer 38 has high rigidity, and the cake filtration protection layer 38 is stepped on by the flow pressure of the fuel and the compression load generated by the filtration layer 36, and acceleration of clogging can be suppressed. ing.

なお、平均繊維径とは、繊維輪郭が明確な撮影像（走査型電子顕微鏡像、サンプルＡｕ蒸着が好ましい）を用い任意の繊維３０本を選択し、繊維幅を３箇所／本で測定した平均値とする。   The average fiber diameter is an average obtained by selecting 30 arbitrary fibers using a photographed image (scanning electron microscope image, preferably sample Au vapor deposition) having a clear fiber outline, and measuring the fiber width at 3 locations / line. Value.

（作用・効果）
次に、本実施形態の作用と効果について説明する。
本実施形態のフィルター１０では、燃料流路の上流側に設けられた濾過層３２と、下流側に設けられた濾過層３６との間のケーク濾過保護層３４を燃料が通過する。この際、ケーク濾過保護層３４は、構成する不織布の気孔の平均径（Ｒ３４）が、上流側の濾過層３２を構成する不織布の気孔の平均径（Ｒ３２）より大きい。このため、下流側の濾過層３６の表面３６Ａに、上流側の濾過層３２を通過した大きな粒子Ｋ１と、粒子Ｋ１より細かい粒子Ｋ２とが堆積しケーク濾過層５０が形成される。 (Action / Effect)
Next, the operation and effect of this embodiment will be described.
In the filter 10 of the present embodiment, the fuel passes through the cake filtration protection layer 34 between the filtration layer 32 provided on the upstream side of the fuel flow path and the filtration layer 36 provided on the downstream side. At this time, the average pore diameter (R34) of the nonwoven fabric constituting the cake filtration protective layer 34 is larger than the average pore diameter (R32) of the nonwoven fabric constituting the upstream filtration layer 32. Therefore, large particles K1 that have passed through the upstream filtration layer 32 and particles K2 that are finer than the particles K1 are deposited on the surface 36A of the downstream filtration layer 36 to form the cake filtration layer 50.

また、ケーク濾過保護層３４を構成する不織布の平均繊維径Ｓ３４は、下流側の濾過層３６を構成する不織布の平均繊維径（Ｓ３６）より太い平均繊維径となっている（Ｓ３４＞Ｓ３６）。このため、ケーク濾過保護層３４によって、燃料の流圧や上流側の濾過層３２によって発生する圧縮負荷によってケーク濾過層５０が踏み締められ、詰まりが加速度的に促進するのを抑制できる。   The average fiber diameter S34 of the nonwoven fabric constituting the cake filtration protective layer 34 is larger than the average fiber diameter (S36) of the nonwoven fabric constituting the downstream filtration layer 36 (S34> S36). For this reason, the cake filtration protection layer 34 can suppress the cake filtration layer 50 from being stepped on by the flow pressure of the fuel or the compression load generated by the upstream filtration layer 32, and clogging being accelerated at an accelerated rate.

同様に、燃料流路の上流側に設けられた濾過層３６と下流側に設けられた濾過層４０との間のケーク濾過保護層３８を燃料が通過する。この際、ケーク濾過保護層３８は、構成する不織布の気孔の平均径（Ｒ３８）が上流側の濾過層３６を構成する不織布の気孔の平均径（Ｒ３６）より大きい。このため、濾過層４０の表面４０Ａに濾過層３６を通過した大きな粒子Ｋ３と、粒子Ｋ３より細かい粒子Ｋ４とが堆積しケーク濾過層５２が形成される。   Similarly, the fuel passes through the cake filtration protection layer 38 between the filtration layer 36 provided on the upstream side of the fuel flow path and the filtration layer 40 provided on the downstream side. At this time, the average pore diameter (R38) of the nonwoven fabric constituting the cake filtration protective layer 38 is larger than the average pore diameter (R36) of the nonwoven fabric constituting the upstream filtration layer 36. For this reason, the large particles K3 that have passed through the filtration layer 36 and the particles K4 that are finer than the particles K3 are deposited on the surface 40A of the filtration layer 40 to form the cake filtration layer 52.

また、ケーク濾過保護層３８を構成する不織布の平均繊維径（Ｓ３８）は、下流側の濾過層４０を構成する不織布の平均繊維径（Ｓ４０）より太い平均繊維径となっている（Ｓ３８＞Ｓ４０）。このため、ケーク濾過保護層３８によって、燃料の流圧や上流側の濾過層３６によって発生する圧縮負荷によってケーク濾過層５２が踏み締められ、詰まりが加速度的に促進するのを抑制できる。   Moreover, the average fiber diameter (S38) of the nonwoven fabric which comprises the cake filtration protective layer 38 is an average fiber diameter thicker than the average fiber diameter (S40) of the nonwoven fabric which comprises the downstream filtration layer 40 (S38> S40). ). For this reason, the cake filtration protection layer 38 can suppress the cake filtration layer 52 from being stepped on by the flow pressure of the fuel or the compression load generated by the upstream filtration layer 36, and clogging can be prevented from being accelerated at an accelerated rate.

従って、本実施形態のフィルター１０では、濾過精度を高めながら、目詰まりを抑制できる。   Therefore, in the filter 10 of this embodiment, clogging can be suppressed while increasing the filtration accuracy.

また、本実施形態のフィルター１０では、ケーク濾過保護層３４を構成する不織布の平均繊維径（Ｓ３４）と、ケーク濾過保護層３８を構成する不織布の平均繊維径（Ｓ３８）とを太くすることで、燃料により生じる圧縮荷重に対してケーク濾過保護層３４とケーク濾過保護層３８とを潰れ難くしている。このため、ケーク濾過保護層３６、４０を、濾過層３２、３６、４０と同じ材質の繊維材料とすることができる。   Moreover, in the filter 10 of this embodiment, the average fiber diameter (S34) of the nonwoven fabric which comprises the cake filtration protection layer 34 and the average fiber diameter (S38) of the nonwoven fabric which comprises the cake filtration protection layer 38 are thickened. The cake filtration protection layer 34 and the cake filtration protection layer 38 are less likely to be crushed against the compressive load generated by the fuel. For this reason, the cake filtration protection layers 36 and 40 can be made of the same material as the filtration layers 32, 36 and 40.

また、本実施形態のフィルター１０では、２層とされたケーク濾過保護層３４、３８において、それぞれケーク濾過層５０、５２が形成されると共に、２層とされたケーク濾過保護層３４、３８によって、燃料の流圧や上流側濾過層によって発生する圧縮負荷によってケーク濾過層５０、５２が踏み締められ詰まりが加速度的に促進するのを抑制できる。この結果、濾過精度をさらに高めながら、目詰まりをさらに抑制できる。   In the filter 10 of the present embodiment, the cake filtration layers 50 and 52 are formed in the two layers of cake filtration protection layers 34 and 38, respectively, and the two layers of cake filtration protection layers 34 and 38 are used. The cake filtration layers 50 and 52 are stepped on by the fuel flow pressure and the compression load generated by the upstream filtration layer, and clogging can be prevented from being accelerated at an accelerated rate. As a result, clogging can be further suppressed while further improving the filtration accuracy.

（その他の実施形態）
以上に於いては、本発明を特定の実施形態について詳細に説明したが、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の範囲内にて他の種々の実施形態が可能であることは当業者にとって明らかである。例えば、上記実施形態では、図１に示すように、濾過層３２、３６をそれぞれ１層としているが、これに代えて、濾過層３２、３６をそれぞれ２層以上の複数層構造としてもよい。 (Other embodiments)
While the present invention has been described in detail with respect to specific embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various other embodiments are possible within the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art. For example, in the above-described embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, each of the filtration layers 32 and 36 is one layer, but instead of this, the filtration layers 32 and 36 may each have a multi-layer structure of two or more layers.

また、上記実施形態では、ケーク濾過保護層を２層形成したが、ケーク濾過保護層は１層でもよいし、中間層が多い場合にはケーク濾過保護層を３層以上形成してもよい。   Moreover, in the said embodiment, although two layers of cake filtration protection layers were formed, a single layer may be sufficient as a cake filtration protection layer, and when there are many intermediate | middle layers, you may form three or more layers of cake filtration protection layers.

なお、一例として、図１において、ケーク濾過保護層をケーク濾過保護層３８のみとした場合には、Ｒ３６＝２７．８μm、Ｒ３８＝４５．９μm、Ｒ４０＝２１．７μm、Ｓ３６＝５．５μm、Ｓ３８＝６．４μm、Ｓ４０＝５．５μmとしてもよい。   As an example, in FIG. 1, when the cake filtration protection layer is only the cake filtration protection layer 38, R36 = 27.8 μm, R38 = 45.9 μm, R40 = 21.7 μm, S36 = 5.5 μm, S38 = 6.4 μm and S40 = 5.5 μm may be used.

また、上記実施形態では、濾過層３２と濾過層３６との間にケーク濾過保護層３４を設け、濾過層３６と濾過層４０との間にケーク濾過保護層３８を設けたが、ケーク濾過保護層を最外層２８と濾過層３２との間に設けてもよい。   In the above embodiment, the cake filtration protection layer 34 is provided between the filtration layer 32 and the filtration layer 36, and the cake filtration protection layer 38 is provided between the filtration layer 36 and the filtration layer 40. A layer may be provided between the outermost layer 28 and the filtration layer 32.

また、上記実施形態では、ケーク濾過保護層３４を構成する不織布の平均繊維径（Ｓ３４）と、ケーク濾過保護層３８を構成する不織布の平均繊維径（Ｓ３８）とを太くすることで、燃料により生じる圧縮荷重に対してケーク濾過保護層３４、３８を潰れ難くしている。これに代えて、ケーク濾過保護層３４とケーク濾過保護層３８を構成する不織布の材質を変えることで、燃料により生じる圧縮荷重に対して潰れ難くしてもよい。   Moreover, in the said embodiment, by making the average fiber diameter (S34) of the nonwoven fabric which comprises the cake filtration protection layer 34, and the average fiber diameter (S38) of the nonwoven fabric which comprises the cake filtration protection layer 38, by fuel, The cake filtration protective layers 34 and 38 are hardly crushed against the generated compressive load. Instead of this, the material of the nonwoven fabric constituting the cake filtration protective layer 34 and the cake filtration protection layer 38 may be changed to make it difficult to be crushed against the compressive load caused by the fuel.

また、上記実施形態では、本発明のフィルター１０を、液体としての燃料の濾過に使用したが、本発明のフィルター１０は燃料以外に水等の他の液体の濾過にも使用可能である。   Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the filter 10 of this invention was used for filtration of the fuel as a liquid, the filter 10 of this invention can be used also for filtration of other liquids, such as water other than a fuel.

１０ フィルター
１２ ソケット
１８ 間隔形成部材
２０ 間隔形成部材
２８ 最外層
３０ 最内層
３２ 濾過層
３４ ケーク濾過保護層
３６ 濾過層
３８ ケーク濾過保護層
４０ 濾過層
５０ ケーク濾過層
５２ ケーク濾過層 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Filter 12 Socket 18 Space | interval formation member 20 Space | interval formation member 28 Outermost layer 30 Innermost layer 32 Filtration layer 34 Cake filtration protection layer 36 Filtration layer 38 Cake filtration protection layer 40 Filtration layer 50 Cake filtration layer 52 Cake filtration layer 52

Claims (3)

流路の上流側に設けられ、前記流路を流れる流体中の粒子を捕獲する繊維材料からなる上流側濾過層と、
前記流路における前記上流側濾過層の下流側に設けられ、気孔の平均径が前記上流側濾過層の気孔の平均径より小さく、前記流体中の粒子を捕獲する繊維材料からなる下流側濾過層と、
前記上流側濾過層と前記下流側濾過層との間に設けられ、気孔の平均径が前記上流側濾過層より大きく、且つ前記流体により生じる圧縮荷重に対して前記上流側濾過層と前記下流側濾過層とのうちの少なくとも前記下流側濾過層に比べて潰れ難い繊維材料からなるケーク濾過保護層と、
を有するフィルター。 An upstream filtration layer made of a fiber material provided on the upstream side of the flow path and capturing particles in the fluid flowing through the flow path;
A downstream filtration layer that is provided on the downstream side of the upstream filtration layer in the flow path and has an average pore diameter smaller than the average pore diameter of the upstream filtration layer and is made of a fiber material that captures particles in the fluid. When,
Provided between the upstream filtration layer and the downstream filtration layer, the average diameter of the pores is larger than that of the upstream filtration layer, and the upstream filtration layer and the downstream side against the compressive load generated by the fluid A cake filtration protective layer made of a fiber material that is less likely to be crushed than at least the downstream filtration layer of the filtration layer;
Having a filter. 前記ケーク濾過保護層の平均繊維径は、前記上流側濾過層の平均繊維径と前記下流側濾過層の平均繊維径のうち少なくとも前記下流側濾過層の平均繊維径より太い平均繊維径となっている請求項１に記載のフィルター。   The average fiber diameter of the cake filtration protective layer is an average fiber diameter that is larger than at least the average fiber diameter of the downstream filtration layer among the average fiber diameter of the upstream filtration layer and the average fiber diameter of the downstream filtration layer. The filter according to claim 1. 前記ケーク濾過保護層を２層以上有する請求項１または請求項２に記載のフィルター。   The filter according to claim 1, wherein the filter has two or more cake filtration protective layers.
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