JP2014097882A - Motorized work vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To minimize an increase in an engine revolution by limiting generation of a generator proportionately with the load of a garbage loading apparatus.SOLUTION: An ECU 30 (a control device) controls a hydraulic motor 23c and a swing cylinder 23d (a hydraulic actuator) and stops or suppresses charging a battery B for a garbage loading apparatus 23 by an alternator 28 when the garbage loading apparatus performs a given operation when an engine E idles.

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric work vehicle including a work device that can be driven by electric power of a battery or power of an engine for driving a vehicle.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this type of electric work vehicle, a vehicle equipped with a work device that can be driven by electric power of a battery or power of an engine for running a vehicle is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).

  In the electric work vehicle, the work device is driven by the electric power of the battery, so that carbon dioxide emissions and noise during driving of the work device are reduced as compared with the case where the work device is driven by the power of the engine. Is possible. Moreover, in the said electrically-driven work vehicle, when a battery runs out during the drive of the working apparatus by the electric power of a battery, it is possible to continue driving of a working apparatus with the motive power of an engine.

  Furthermore, a method of charging by using surplus power of a standard alternator with a sub-battery charger is known. In this method, since charging is possible in an idling state, power generation is possible even when a power take-out device (PTO device) is used like a garbage truck.

JP 2009-262759 A

  However, when power generation is performed during idling, there is a problem that if a constant power is continuously secured, the burden on the engine is amplified and the engine speed increases.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and an object of the present invention is to prevent as much as possible the engine speed from being increased by suppressing power generation by the generator in accordance with the load of the working device. .

  In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, charging is suppressed when the load on the work device is large.

Specifically, in the first invention,
A generator driven by a vehicle engine;
A power storage device for storing the power of the generator;
A power take-off device driven by the engine;
A hydraulic actuator for driving the working device;
An electric motor driven by the electric power of the generator or power storage device;
A hydraulic pump that is driven by at least one of the power take-out device and the electric motor to generate a hydraulic pressure for driving the hydraulic actuator;
And a control device that controls the hydraulic actuator and stops or suppresses charging of the power storage device by the generator when the working device performs a predetermined operation when the engine is idling.

  That is, in order to operate the working device, when the power take-out device is driven and the hydraulic pump is driven, the operation is performed by increasing the speed of the engine. On the other hand, the number of revolutions of the engine also changes as the load on the work device increases or decreases. If the working device performs a predetermined operation and generates a certain amount of power with the generator in a state where the load is increased, the load on the engine increases. However, according to the above configuration, when the work apparatus performs a predetermined operation and its load increases, charging by the generator is suppressed or stopped, so that an excessive load is not applied to the engine. On the other hand, since the work device does not perform a predetermined operation and the generator needs to be charged when the load is small, power shortage of the power storage device is avoided.

In the second invention, in the first invention,
A refuse storage box mounted on the vehicle;
A dust input box connected to the dust container;
The dust throwing box is provided to be rotatable around a base end, and is driven by a hydraulic motor as the hydraulic actuator and swings back and forth on the upper part of the rotary plate by a swing cylinder as the hydraulic actuator. A dust loading device having a pushing plate provided freely,
A dust collecting vehicle configured to compress the dust thrown into the dust throwing box through the throwing port and to load into the dust containing box through the cooperation of the rotating action of the rotating plate and the swinging action of the pushing plate. And
The control device
While the rotating plate or the pushing plate compresses the dust, the charging by the generator is stopped or the output of the generator is suppressed,
When the rotating plate or the pushing plate is not compressing the dust, the generator is preferentially charged.

  According to the above configuration, when the dust is compressed by the rotating plate or the pushing plate of the dust loading device, it is necessary to scrape and push the dust, and it is necessary to generate a large force with the hydraulic actuator. In such a case, an excessive load on the engine can be avoided by suppressing or stopping charging by the generator.

In the third invention, in the first invention,
A refuse storage box mounted on the vehicle;
A dust input box connected to the dust container;
A sliding plate provided in the dust box and slidable in the vertical direction by the expansion and contraction operation of the sliding cylinder as the hydraulic actuator, and the expansion and contraction operation of the swing cylinder as the hydraulic actuator at the lower end of the sliding plate A dust loading device having a compression plate swingable in the vehicle longitudinal direction by
The sliding plate and the compression plate are operated by reversing, lowering, compressing and raising as one cycle by the expansion and contraction operation of the sliding cylinder and the swing cylinder, so that the dust thrown into the dust throwing box through the throwing port is A waste collection vehicle configured to be loaded into a waste storage box;
The control device
While stopping the charging by the generator at the time of compression and rising or suppressing the output of the generator,
The generator is preferentially charged at the time of inversion and lowering when the load is smaller than that at the time of compression and rising.

  According to the above configuration, when the dust loading device is compressed and raised, it is necessary to scrape and push the dust, and it is necessary to generate a large force with the hydraulic actuator. In such a case, an excessive load on the engine can be avoided by suppressing or stopping charging by the generator.

In the fourth invention, in the second or third invention,
The position sensor detects the position of the sliding plate and the compression plate or the position of the rotating plate and the pushing plate,
The control device is configured to control charging by the generator based on data detected by the position sensor.

  According to said structure, since the load state of a dust loading apparatus can be grasped | ascertained easily with a position sensor and charge of a generator can be controlled according to it, the excessive load of an engine can be prevented reliably.

  As described above, according to the present invention, when the working device performs a predetermined operation when the engine is idling, charging of the power storage device by the generator is stopped or suppressed, so that it matches the output of the hydraulic actuator. Therefore, it is possible to prevent as much as possible the engine speed from being increased by suppressing the power generation by the generator.

It is a side view which shows the electric dust collection vehicle which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 1 is a schematic plan view of an electric dust collection vehicle according to the present invention. It is a partial block diagram of the electric garbage collection vehicle which concerns on this invention. It is the schematic which shows the work process of a refuse loading apparatus. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of control of an alternator. It is a graph which shows the transition of the load of a PTO apparatus, a pump, and an alternator. FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to FIG. 4 according to another embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a side view of an electric garbage truck according to an embodiment of the present invention. An electric dust collection vehicle 1 as an electric work vehicle of the present invention includes a vehicle 10 for traveling and a dust collection device 20 for performing an operation of collecting dust.

  The vehicle 10 includes a chassis 11 and a cab 12 provided at the front portion of the chassis 11. The chassis 11 is provided with a pair of left and right wheels 11a at the front and a pair of left and right wheels 11b at the rear. A driver seat and a passenger seat are provided inside the cab 12, and doors 12 a for passengers to get on and off are provided on the left and right sides of the cab 12.

  The dust collecting device 20 includes a dust storage box 21 for storing the dust, and a dust input box 22 provided behind the dust storage box 21 for loading the dust into the dust storage box 21. A rectangular dust inlet 22 a is provided at the lower part of the rear surface of the dust inlet box 22. The dust inlet 22a is opened and closed by a door 22b.

  Inside the dust throwing box 22, a dust loading device 23 is provided as a working device for compressing the dust thrown from the dust throwing port 22 a and pushing it into the dust storage box 21. The dust input box 22 is provided with an operation switch 22c as an operation unit for operating the dust loading device 23 adjacent to the dust input port 22a.

  The dust loading device 23 has a rotating plate 23a for lifting the dust thrown in from the dust inlet 22a to the dust containing box 21 side, and a pushing plate 23b for pushing the dust picked up by the rotating plate 23a into the dust containing box 21. And have. The rotating plate 23a is driven by a hydraulic motor 23c as a hydraulic actuator, and the pushing plate 23b is driven by a swing cylinder 23d as a hydraulic actuator.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the electric garbage collection vehicle according to the present invention. The electric garbage collection vehicle 1 is mainly driven by the engine E for driving the vehicle 10 and the power of the engine E and / or the power of the electric motor 25 transmitted via a PTO (Power take off) device 24. And a hydraulic pump 26 to be driven.

  FIG. 3 is a partial block diagram of the electric garbage collection vehicle 1 according to the present invention. The electric garbage collection vehicle 1 includes a working device battery B for driving mainly a dust loading device 23 and an inverter device 27. The electric power from the inverter device 27 drives the hydraulic pump 26 via the electric motor 25. The hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic pump 26 is supplied to the hydraulic motor 23c, the swing cylinder 23d, etc. via the accumulator 41 and the control valve 42, and these hydraulic actuators are driven. The hydraulic oil is returned to the hydraulic oil tank 43. Then, the hydraulic oil that has passed through the suction filter 44 is supplied to the hydraulic pump 26 again.

As described above, the hydraulic pump 26 can be driven in the following three states. In particular,
(1) Directly driven by power from engine E (2) Driven by power from electric motor 25 (3) Driven by power from both engine E and electric motor 25

  The power of the engine E is transmitted to the PTO device 24 via the clutch C and the transmission T. The power transmitted to the PTO device 24 becomes the driving force of the hydraulic pump 26. In addition, the rotational force of the engine E drives the alternator 28 as a generator through a pulley, a belt, and the like. The alternator 28 is always rotating when the engine E is rotating. The driving force of the transmission T is transmitted to the wheels 11b via a differential (differential gear) 40.

  The alternator 28 is connected to a sub battery charger (SBC) 45. Normally, the SBC 45 is a device that charges the working device battery B, which is a sub-battery, when the standard battery b reaches a certain voltage or higher, but in this embodiment, the alternator 28 is connected to the standard battery b via the SBC 45. A work apparatus battery B is connected in parallel. Through the SBC 45, the alternator 28 manages the parallel voltage, and unless both the standard battery b and the work apparatus battery B become constant voltages, the power generation is not stopped. . The inverter device 27 is connected to the working device battery B, converts the power of the working device battery B from direct current to alternating current, and supplies the electric motor 25 with the electric power.

  An ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 30 as a control device is connected to the vehicle standard battery b, and controls the entire electric system of the electric garbage collection vehicle 1 including engine control, air conditioning control, and the like. In addition, the ECU 30 has a sensor unit 32 including a plurality of sensors that detect the state of the dust loading device 23. Although not shown in detail, for example, the sensor unit 32 includes a position sensor (a contact type sensor, a non-contact type sensor, or the like) that detects the position of the rotating plate 23a or the position of the pushing plate 23b. Further, a pressure sensor for detecting the discharge pressure of the hydraulic pump 26, a flow rate sensor, or the like may be provided.

  Next, control of the electric dust collection vehicle 1 according to the present embodiment will be described.

  As described above, the hydraulic pump 26 is driven by the electric power of the engine E and / or the electric motor 25. The hydraulic pump 26 can be driven only by the electric power of the working device battery B, but the electric power will be short in a long time operation.

  For this reason, when working at least for a long time, the power of the engine E is also required. In the dust collection operation, since the electric dust collection vehicle 1 is not running, the engine E is in an idling state in which power is not transmitted to the differential 40 side. The PTO device 24 can be driven by the power of the engine E, and the hydraulic pump 26 can be driven together with the power of the electric motor 25 or by the PTO device 24 alone. Hereinafter, a case where the hydraulic pump 26 is driven only by the power of the PTO device 24 without using the power of the electric motor 25 with a large load of the engine E will be described.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a work process of the dust loading device 23, FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a control flow of the alternator 28, and FIG. 6 is a flowchart of the PTO device 24, the hydraulic pump 26 and the alternator 28. It is a graph which shows the change of load.

  In step S01 shown in FIG. 5, the engine E is switched on. The ECU 30 rotates the engine E at a predetermined idling speed.

  Next, in step S02, the power supply of the PTO device 24 is turned on, and the number of revolutions of the engine E is increased by the increase in load.

  Next, collection work of dust is performed. The control valve 42 is switched by the ECU 30 to drive the rotating plate 23a and the pushing plate 23b.

  First, as shown in FIG. 4, the rotating plate 23 a rotates normally from the standby state in the normal rotation non-compression process. In this case, as shown in FIG. 6, since the dust is not compressed, the load of the hydraulic pump 26 is small.

  Next, in the returning step, the pushing plate 23b is swung rearward while the rotating plate 23a is rotated. Also in this case, since the dust is not compressed, the load on the hydraulic pump 26 is small. In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, the load of the hydraulic pump 26 may increase in the second half of the return process.

  Next, in the forward compression step, the charged dust is compressed by the rotating plate 23a. In this case, the load is large because the dust is pressed forward while being compressed.

  Furthermore, in the pushing step, the pushing plate 23b pushes the dust toward the dust container 21 side, so the load is large.

  And these four processes are made into 1 cycle, and the collection operation | work of dust is performed.

  During this collection operation, the ECU 30 controls the power generation amount of the alternator 28. That is, in step S03, it is determined whether the rotating plate 23a or the pushing plate 23b is moving. This determination is made based on information from the sensor unit 32. For example, since the hydraulic pump 26 is not driven and the hydraulic pressure and flow velocity do not increase from the values of the pressure sensor and flow velocity sensor, it is determined that the pump is not moving. Then, since it is not necessary to drive the hydraulic pump 26, the load on the engine E does not increase, and in step S04, the alternator 28 performs charging without suppression (100%) via the SBC 45. Charging is continued until the dust loading device battery B reaches a constant voltage.

  On the other hand, when the rotating plate 23a or the pushing plate 23b is moving, the hydraulic pump 26 is also operating, so the load on the PTO device 24 is also increasing. For this reason, it progresses to step S05 and the degree of load is determined.

  That is, in step S05, it is determined whether it is a forward compression process or an indentation process (in other words, a process of compressing dust) with a large load. In the case of these processes with a large load, the process proceeds to step S06, and the power generation by the alternator 28 is stopped (0%). On the other hand, when it is a normal rotation non-compression process or a return process (in other words, a process in which dust is not compressed), power generation by the alternator 28 is not suppressed (100%) because the load on the PTO device 24 is small. In this case, power generation may be slightly suppressed (for example, 75%) as compared with the case of no load in step S04. Charging is continued until the dust loading device battery B reaches a constant voltage.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the power generation of the alternator 28 is reduced from 100% to 0% before the forward compression process starts in accordance with the increase in the load of the hydraulic pump 26 in the latter half of the return process. Also good.

  As described above, when the dust loading device 23 performs the dust compression operation and the load increases, charging by the alternator 28 is suppressed or stopped, so that an excessive load is not applied to the engine E. On the other hand, since the dust loading device 23 does not perform the dust compression operation and the charging is performed by the alternator 28 when the load is small, the power shortage of the dust loading device battery B is avoided.

  Moreover, since the load state of the dust loading device 23 can be easily grasped by the sensor unit 32 and charging of the alternator 28 can be controlled in accordance with the load state, an excessive load on the engine E can be reliably prevented.

  Therefore, according to the electric dust collection vehicle 1 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to suppress the power generation by the alternator 28 in accordance with the outputs of the hydraulic actuators 23c and 23d and to prevent the engine E rotation speed from increasing as much as possible.

(Other embodiments)
The present invention may be configured as follows with respect to the above embodiment.

  That is, in the above embodiment, the electric dust collection vehicle 1 includes the rotary dust loading device 23 including the rotating plate 23a and the pushing plate 23b. However, as illustrated in FIG. A sliding plate 123b that is slidable in the vertical direction by an expansion and contraction operation of a moving cylinder (not shown) and a front and rear of the vehicle by an expansion and contraction operation of a swing cylinder (not shown) as a hydraulic actuator at the lower end of the sliding plate 123b. A dust loading device 123 having a compression plate 123a that can swing in the direction may be provided. In this case, the sliding plate 123b and the compression plate 123a are operated as one cycle by reversing, lowering, compressing and raising by the expansion and contraction operation of the sliding cylinder and the swinging cylinder, so that the dust input box 22 is passed through the dust input port 22a. The thrown-in dust is configured to be loaded into the dust container 21. Then, as shown in FIG. 6 in parentheses, the ECU 30 stops charging by the alternator 28 at the time of compression and rise or suppresses the output of the alternator 28, but has a smaller load than that at the time of compression and rise. You may comprise so that the charge by the alternator 28 may be preferentially performed at the time of inversion and descending. Thus, when the dust loading device 23 is compressed and raised, it is necessary to scrape and push the dust, and it is necessary to generate a large force in the sliding cylinder and the swing cylinder. By suppressing or stopping charging by the alternator 28, an excessive load on the engine E can be avoided.

  Moreover, you may have a dust loading apparatus provided with the compression board by the drive system of a planetary gear type. In this case, charging by the alternator 28 may be suppressed or stopped when the compression plate compresses the dust.

  In the above embodiment, the electric work vehicle is the electric dust collection vehicle 1, but is not limited thereto, and may be another work vehicle having an electric work device such as an electric tank truck or an electric suction vehicle.

  In addition, the above embodiment is an essentially preferable illustration, Comprising: It does not intend restrict | limiting the range of this invention, its application thing, or a use.

  As described above, the present invention is useful for electric work vehicles such as an electric dust collection vehicle, an electric tank truck, and an electric suction vehicle.

1 Electric garbage collection vehicle (electric work vehicle)
10 Vehicle
21 Garbage storage box
22 Dust input box
22a Dust input port
23 Dust loading device (working device)
23a Rotating plate
23b Pushing plate
23c Hydraulic motor (hydraulic actuator)
23d Swing cylinder (hydraulic actuator)
24 PTO device (power take-off device)
25 Electric motor
26 Hydraulic pump
28 Alternator (generator)
30 ECU (control device)
32 Position sensor (sensor part)
123 Dust loading device 123a Compression plate 123b Sliding plate
B Battery for dust loading device (power storage device)
E engine

Claims (4)

A generator driven by a vehicle engine;
A power storage device for storing the power of the generator;
A power take-off device driven by the engine;
A hydraulic actuator for driving the working device;
An electric motor driven by the electric power of the generator or power storage device;
A hydraulic pump that is driven by at least one of the power take-out device and the electric motor to generate a hydraulic pressure for driving the hydraulic actuator;
And a control device that controls the hydraulic actuator and stops or suppresses charging of the power storage device by the generator when the working device performs a predetermined operation when the engine is idling. Electric working vehicle. In the electric work vehicle according to claim 1,
A refuse storage box mounted on the vehicle;
A dust input box connected to the dust container;
The dust throwing box is provided to be rotatable around a base end, and is driven by a hydraulic motor as the hydraulic actuator and swings back and forth on the upper part of the rotary plate by a swing cylinder as the hydraulic actuator. A dust loading device having a pushing plate provided freely,
A dust collecting vehicle configured to compress the dust thrown into the dust throwing box through the throwing port and to load into the dust containing box through the cooperation of the rotating action of the rotating plate and the swinging action of the pushing plate. And
The control device
While the rotating plate or the pushing plate compresses the dust, the charging by the generator is stopped or the output of the generator is suppressed,
An electric work vehicle configured to preferentially charge by the generator when the rotating plate or the pushing plate is not compressing the dust. In the electric work vehicle according to claim 1,
A refuse storage box mounted on the vehicle;
A dust input box connected to the dust container;
A sliding plate provided in the dust box and slidable in the vertical direction by the expansion and contraction operation of the sliding cylinder as the hydraulic actuator, and the expansion and contraction operation of the swing cylinder as the hydraulic actuator at the lower end of the sliding plate A dust loading device having a compression plate swingable in the vehicle longitudinal direction by
The sliding plate and the compression plate are operated by reversing, lowering, compressing and raising as one cycle by the expansion and contraction operation of the sliding cylinder and the swing cylinder, so that the dust thrown into the dust throwing box through the throwing port is A waste collection vehicle configured to be loaded into a waste storage box;
The control device
While stopping the charging by the generator at the time of compression and rising or suppressing the output of the generator,
An electric work vehicle configured to preferentially charge by the generator at the time of inversion and descent when the load is smaller than that at the time of compression and ascent. In the electric work vehicle according to claim 2 or 3,
The position sensor detects the position of the sliding plate and the compression plate or the position of the rotating plate and the pushing plate,
An electric work vehicle characterized in that the control device controls charging by a generator based on data detected by the position sensor.

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