JP2014095551A - Radioactive waste storage device and civil engineering structure using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a radioactive waste storage device that can efficiently store low level radioactive wastes and can effectively use them, and provide a civil engineering structure using the radioactive waste storage device.SOLUTION: In the radioactive waste storage device, a plurality of closed containers 1 in which radioactive wastes are stored are arranged laterally separately from each other in a storage space 25 having a bottom wall 23 and inside wall 24 as radiation shield walls, a filler 26 made of a radiation absorption material is filled into a space S formed between the closed containers 1 and 1, and an upper end opening in the storage space 25 is blocked by a radiation shield lid material 27.

Description

  The present invention relates to a radioactive waste container and a civil engineering structure using the same.

While the amount of radioactive waste containing spent nuclear fuel is increasing every year, the treatment and storage facilities for radioactive waste are not sufficient.
In the conventional radioactive waste storage device, forcibly ventilating the radioactive waste that generates heat (for example, see Patent Document 1), or the internal pressure of the storage portion is made lower than the external pressure (for example, patents) Reference 2).

JP 2008-175530 A JP-A-9-68595

  The conventional devices as described above require expensive accessory devices such as a ventilation device and a suction device that sucks air in the accommodating portion, and a gas processing device that purifies the sucked air, and the entire device becomes complicated and expensive. ing.

  Moreover, as a factor that the conventional radioactive waste storage device is not widespread, it is difficult to secure an installation place because of environmental considerations.

  However, radioactive waste includes, for example, low-level radioactive materials such as concrete and cut steel materials associated with nuclear power plant decommissioning, incinerated ash from debris and earthquake debris associated with nuclear power plant accidents, decontamination dust There is a large amount of low-level radioactive debris, such as contaminated plants, that does not cause heat generation, and these are stored and stored in radioactive waste storage devices with measures against heat generation or high-level radiation. That is economically disadvantageous.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and is capable of efficiently storing low-level radioactive waste and effectively utilizing them, and uses the same. The purpose is to provide civil engineering structures.

According to the present invention, the above problem is solved as follows.
(1) A radioactive waste container is placed in a housing space having a bottom wall and an inner side wall as a radiation shielding wall, and a plurality of sealed containers containing radioactive waste are arranged side by side apart from each other. A space formed between the containers is filled with a filler made of a radiation absorbing material, and the upper end opening of the accommodation space is closed with a radiation shielding lid.

According to such a configuration, since the filler formed of the radiation absorbing material is filled in the space formed between the sealed containers adjacent to each other, even if radiation is released from each sealed container In addition, it is absorbed by this filler and does not affect others, and the presence of the filler can prevent each closed container from moving or colliding during an earthquake or other vibration. .
In addition, low-level radioactive waste can be stored and stored simply and efficiently without providing an expensive accessory device.

(2) In the above item (1), a part or all of the surface of the radiation shielding wall is subjected to anticorrosion treatment.

According to such a configuration, the corrosion resistance of the radiation shielding wall is increased and the durability is improved.
The anticorrosion treatment includes rust prevention treatment, painting for cutting off water and oxygen, lining, sacrificial anticorrosion by installing a zinc plate or plating treatment, use of a corrosion resistant material, electrocorrosion prevention, and the like.

(3) In the above item (1) or (2), the filler is made of any one of zeolite, clay and concrete, or a combination of a plurality of types.

  According to such a configuration, the filler can effectively absorb radiation, the strength of the entire apparatus can be increased, and the filler can be easily obtained at low cost.

(4) In any one of the above (1) to (3), the closed container includes a main body having a bottom wall and a side wall in which the inner surface and / or the outer surface of the concrete layer is covered with a steel plate, and the upper surface is open. It shall consist of the cover body which obstruct | occludes the upper end opening part of this main body.

  According to such a configuration, the sealed container itself can effectively shield the radiation emitted from the radioactive waste accommodated therein, and can increase the strength of the sealed container.

(5) In the above item (4), a stud dowel protruding from the steel plate is disposed in the concrete layer.

  According to such a configuration, the strength of the sealed container can be further increased.

(6) In any one of the above items (1) to (5), a hanging piece that also serves as a spacer for forming a space between the adjacent sealed containers is provided on the outer surface of the sealed container.

  According to such a configuration, it is possible not only to easily and quickly move the closed containers by hooking the crane hooks or the like to the hanging pieces, but also to suspend the closed containers when they are arranged side by side. By keeping the outer surface of the lowering piece in contact with the outer surface of the adjacent closed container or the outer surface of the hanging piece provided there, the space between the adjacent adjacent containers is kept constant and filled. The space filled with the material can be made uniform.

(7) In the above item (6), the suspended pieces provided in the adjacent sealed containers are connected to each other with a connecting rod.

  According to such a configuration, the closed containers adjacent to each other are firmly connected to each other by the connecting rod, and not only can the coupling strength of the sealed containers be increased, but also the overall strength of the radioactive waste container can be increased. Can do.

(8) In any one of the above items (1) to (7), a gas discharge means for discharging the gas in the sealed container is provided in a part of the sealed container.

According to such a configuration, when radioactive waste is stored for a long period of time, in the sealed container, gas such as hydrogen and oxygen is generated from the radioactive waste by radiolysis, or carbon dioxide, Even if gas such as ammonia, methane, hydrogen sulfide, etc. is generated, the gas can be discharged out of the sealed container through the gas discharge means, so that the sealed container is prevented from being damaged by the internal gas pressure. be able to.
Since the radiation generated from the gas discharged out of the sealed container is absorbed by the filler made of the radiation absorbing material, the environment is not adversely affected.

(9) In a civil engineering structure, the radioactive waste container according to any one of (1) to (8) above is used as an embedded basic material.

  According to such a configuration, radioactive waste with a low level of radioactivity can be effectively utilized as part of a civil engineering structure, contributing to the processing of a large amount of existing low-level radioactive waste. Can be meaningful.

(10) In the above item (9), the civil engineering structure shall be any one of a building base, a dike, a pier, a caisson, and a paved road.

  According to such a configuration, the radioactive waste storage device according to any one of the above items (1) to (8) is specifically any one of a building base, a dike, a pier, a caisson, and a paved road. It can be used effectively as an embedded basic material.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, while being able to accommodate a radioactive waste of a low level efficiently, the radioactive waste accommodating apparatus which enabled them to be utilized effectively, and a civil engineering structure using the same can be provided.

It is a perspective view of one Embodiment of the airtight container used for the radioactive waste storage apparatus of this invention. It is the II-II sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional front view when the radioactive waste storage apparatus of this invention is used as long-term storage equipment. It is a general | schematic longitudinal cross-section front view when the radioactive waste storage apparatus of this invention is used as an embedding type | mold foundation material of a seawall. It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional front view when the radioactive waste storage apparatus of this invention is used as embedding type | mold foundation materials, such as a bridge pier. It is a general | schematic longitudinal front view when the radioactive waste storage apparatus of this invention is used as a buried type | mold foundation material of a road. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional front view when the radioactive waste storage apparatus of this invention is used as a burying type | mold foundation material of the foundation of a building. It is a perspective view of the 1st modification of the airtight container used for the radioactive waste storage apparatus of this invention. It is the IX-IX line expanded sectional view of FIG. FIG. 9 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. 8. It is a perspective view of the 2nd modification of the airtight container used for the radioactive waste storage apparatus of this invention. It is the XII-XII line expanded sectional view of FIG.

  Next, an embodiment of a sealed container used in the radioactive waste container of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, and then the radioactive waste container of the present invention using the sealed container will be described. An example of use will be described with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the sealed container 1 includes a box-shaped main body 2 whose upper surface is open and a lid 3 that closes the upper end opening of the main body 2.
The main body 2 has a bottom wall 7 and front and rear left and right side walls 8 as radiation shielding walls by covering the inner and outer surfaces of the concrete layer 4 with steel plates 5 and 6, and the inside is made of radioactive waste (not shown). It is a storage space 9.

In the concrete layer 4, a plurality of stud dowels 10 protruding from the inner surface steel plate 5 and the outer surface steel plate 6 are arranged in a layout that does not interfere with each other, so that the strength of the main body 2 is increased.
In some cases, either the inner surface steel plate 5 and the stud dowel 10 projecting from the inner surface steel plate 5 or the outer surface steel plate 6 and the stud dowel 10 projecting therefrom may be omitted.

  On the lower surface of the bottom wall 7, a pair of left and right base legs 11, 11 having a rectangular tube shape are fixed by welding. By inserting a fork (not shown) of a forklift into each base leg 11, the hermetic container 1 can be transported also by the forklift.

  A pair of front and rear hanging pieces 12, 12 project from the outer surfaces of the left and right side walls 8, 8. Each hanging piece 12 has a base portion 12a fixed to the outer side surface of the side wall 8 by welding, and a suspension hole that is connected to the upper end of the base portion 12a so as to be separated from the outer side surface of the side wall 8 and that faces in the left-right direction. 13 and an upward projecting piece 12b provided with 13.

The hanging piece 12 can easily and quickly lift the entire sealed container 1 by a crane or the like by locking a hook (not shown) suspended from a crane or the like by a wire or the like in the hanging hole 13. When the plurality of sealed containers 1 are arranged side by side, the outer surface of the hanging piece 12 is the outer surface of the adjacent sealed container 1 or the suspension provided on the outer surface. By abutting on the outer surface of the piece 12, the distance between the sealed containers 1 and 1 adjacent to each other can be kept constant.
That is, the hanging piece 12 has a function as a spacer.

The lid 3 is a radiation shielding wall by covering the lower and upper surfaces and the outer peripheral surface of the horizontal plate-like concrete layer 14 with steel plates 15, 16 and 17.
In the concrete layer 14, a stud gibber 18 similar to the stud gibber 10, which protrudes from the steel plates 15 and 16, is arranged to increase the strength of the lid 3.

  After accommodating radioactive waste in the accommodating space 9 of the main body 2 in the sealed container 1, the lid body 3 is placed on the main body 2 and the outer peripheral portion of the lid body 3 is welded to the outer peripheral portion of the main body 2. Thus, the storage space 9 in which the radioactive waste is stored is hermetically sealed.

  It is desirable to set the upper end of each hanging piece 12 lower than the upper end of the main body 2 so as not to hinder the lid 3 from being welded to the outer peripheral portion of the main body 2.

FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal front view when the radioactive waste container of the present invention is used as a long-term storage facility.
In this embodiment, by covering the inner surface of the concrete layer 21 with a steel plate 22 in a rectangular space 20 excavated in the ground 19, a bottom wall 23 as a radiation shielding wall and front and rear left and right inner walls 24 are formed. The inside is an airtight housing space 25.

  In the housing space 25, the plurality of sealed containers 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 have their base legs 11, 11 placed on the bottom wall 23 or the lid 3 of the lower sealed container 1, Further, the left and right hanging pieces 12 are brought into contact with the steel plate 22 of the inner wall 24 or the steel plate 6 of the side wall 8 of the adjacent closed container 1 or the outer surface of the hanging piece 12 fixed to the upper and lower sides. In addition, they are juxtaposed and stacked in multiple stages so as to form a required space S while being spaced apart from each other on the left and right.

Further, the sealed containers 1 are juxtaposed and stacked in a multistage manner so that a required space (not shown) is formed in the front-rear direction in the accommodation space 25.
In order to form the space in the front-rear direction, the same thing as the hanging piece 12 is fixed to the front and rear surfaces of each hermetic container 1 or a simple spacer (not shown) having no hanging function is fixed. It is preferable that the front end of the spacer is brought into contact with the steel plate 22 of the front and rear inner walls 24, the steel plate 6 of the side wall 8 of the closed container 1 adjacent to the front and rear, or the front end surface of the spacer fixed thereto.

  Instead of providing such a spacer, the rear hanging pieces 12 on both side surfaces of the front closed container 1 and the front hanging pieces 12 on both side faces of the rear closed container 1 are required to face in the front-rear direction. They may be connected to each other with a connecting rod having a length (not shown) to form a required space between the front and rear sealed containers 1 and 1.

  In addition, by doing this, the closed containers 1 and 1 adjacent to each other are firmly connected to each other with a connecting rod, and not only can the joint strength between the closed containers 1 and 1 be increased, but also contain radioactive waste. The strength of the entire apparatus can be increased.

  Further, the left and right suspended containers 12, 12 are engaged with each other, or are coupled to each other by a coupling means (not shown) such as bolts and nuts, so that the sealed containers adjacent to the left and right 1 and 1 can not only increase the mutual bonding strength, but also increase the strength of the entire radioactive waste container.

The space S in the accommodation space 25 is filled with a filler 26 made of a radiation absorbing material.
The filler 26 is preferably made of any one of zeolite, clay, and concrete, or a combination of a plurality of types.

The upper end opening of the accommodation space 25 is closed with a radiation shielding lid member (hereinafter simply referred to as a lid member) 27.
The lid member 27 is preferably formed by, for example, covering the lower surface of the horizontal plate-shaped concrete layer 28 with a steel plate 29.
By welding the outer peripheral edge of the steel plate 29 to the outer peripheral edge of the outward flange 22a that bends the upper end of the steel plate 22 on the inner surface of each inner wall 24 outward and covers the upper end surface of the concrete layer 21. The interior of the accommodation space 25 is hermetically sealed, whereby water or oxygen can be prevented from entering the accommodation space 25 and corrosion of the steel plates 22 and 29 can be prevented.
The surfaces of the steel plates 22 and 29 are preferably subjected to heavy anticorrosion coating.

  The upper part of the cover material 27 is covered with a cover soil 30, and around this cover soil 30, a radiation measurement sensor 31, a groundwater quality and radiation concentration monitoring pipe 32, etc. are provided so that the lower end reaches the groundwater vein. It has been.

In the radioactive waste container configured as described above, the space 26 formed between the sealed containers 1 and 1 adjacent to each other is filled with the filler 26 made of a radiation absorbing material. Even if radiation is emitted from each sealed container 1, it is absorbed by this filler 26 and does not affect others. Moreover, due to the presence of the filler 26, each sealed container 1 is It can be prevented from moving or colliding.
In addition, low-level radioactive waste can be stored and stored simply and efficiently without providing an expensive accessory device.

As shown in FIG. 4, the radioactive waste container of the present invention is used as a buried foundation material 34 for a dyke 33 such as a seawall, or as shown in FIG. 5, a buried foundation for an abutment 36 in a bridge 35. The material 37, the embedded base material 39 of the pier 38, the embedded base material 41 of the caisson 40, or embedded in the preload embankment 43 of a road 42 such as a highway as shown in FIG. 44 can be used.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, it can also be used as an embedded basic material 47 or the like on the base 46 of the building 45. The building 45 can be an evacuation facility or the like provided near the coast.

The present invention is not limited only to the above-described embodiments, and can be implemented in the following modified modes, for example, without departing from the scope of the claims.
(1) As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a labyrinth structure 48 for reducing streaming radiation is provided at a part of the joint between the upper end opening of the main body 2 and the lid 3, and the inside and outside of the sealed container 1 are arranged inside and outside. A slit 49 is provided which serves as a gas discharge means for communicating and discharging the gas in the sealed container 1 to the outside.
Thus, by making the slit 49 into the labyrinth structure 48, the gas in the container can be discharged to the outside while suppressing the outflow of radiation and liquid in the sealed container 1 to the outside.

(2) As shown in FIGS. 8 and 10, a horizontal gas vent hole 50 is provided in the side wall of the main body 2, and the gas vent hole 50 is formed in the base portion 12 a of the hanging piece 12 fixed to the side wall of the main body 2. A communication hole 51 consisting of a horizontal hole 51a communicating with the outer end of the tube and a downward hole 51b depending from the outer end is provided. The gas vent hole 50 and the communication hole 51 allow the gas in the sealed container 1 to be exposed to the outside. A gas discharging means for discharging is provided.

(3) As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, the side wall of the main body 2 is provided with a horizontal vent hole 52 having an enlarged stepped portion 52a at the inner end, and a sealed container is provided in the enlarged diameter stepped portion 52a. When the pressure of the gas in 1 exceeds a predetermined value, a relief valve 53 for discharging the gas in the interior through the vent hole 52 is provided, and the gas vent hole 52 and the relief valve 53 are provided in the sealed container 1. A gas discharge means 54 for discharging the gas to the outside is configured.
When such a gas discharge means 54 with a relief valve is provided, when radioactive waste is stored for a long period of time, gas such as hydrogen or oxygen is generated from the radioactive waste due to radiolysis, or carbon dioxide due to decay of organic matter. Even if gases such as gas, ammonia, methane, hydrogen sulfide, etc. are generated, if the pressure in the sealed container exceeds a predetermined value, the internal gas is discharged out of the sealed container 1 through the gas discharge means 54 with a relief valve. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the sealed container 1 from being damaged by the internal gas pressure.

  According to the modified examples (1) to (3), the radiation generated from the gas discharged out of the hermetic container 1 is absorbed by the filler 26 made of a radiation absorbing material. Absent.

(4) The sealed container 1 is a known radioactive waste storage container.

(5) The base leg 11 and the hanging piece 12 are omitted.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Airtight container 2 Main body 3 Cover body 4 Concrete layer 5, 6 Steel plate 7 Bottom wall 8 Side wall 9 Accommodating space 10 Stud gibber 11 Base leg 12 Hanging piece 12a Base part 12b Projection piece 13 Hanging hole 14 Concrete layers 15, 16, 17 Steel plate 18 Stud gibber 19 Ground 20 Space 21 Concrete layer 22 Steel plate 22a Outward flange 23 Bottom wall 24 Inner wall 25 Storage space 26 Filler 27 Radiation shielding cover 28 Concrete layer 29 Steel plate 30 Covering soil 31 Radiation measurement sensor 32 Radiation concentration monitoring tube 33 Embankment 34 Embedded Foundation Material 35 Bridge 36 Abutment 37 Embedded Foundation Material 38 Pier 39 Embedded Foundation Material 40 Caisson 41 Embedded Foundation Material 42 Road 43 Preload Embankment 44 Embedded Foundation Material 45 Building 46 Foundation 47 Embedded Foundation Material 48 Labyrinth structure 49 Slit (gas exhaust Means)
50 Gas vent hole (gas exhaust means)
51 Communication hole (gas discharge means)
51a Horizontal hole 51b Down hole 52 Gas vent hole 52a Diameter expansion step part 53 Relief valve 54 Gas discharge means with a relief valve S Space

Claims (10)

  A plurality of sealed containers containing radioactive waste are juxtaposed side by side in a space in which the bottom wall and the inner wall are radiation shielding walls, and radiation is placed in the space formed between the sealed containers. A radioactive waste storage device, which is filled with a filler made of an absorbent material and whose upper end opening of the storage space is closed with a radiation shielding cover material.   2. The radioactive waste container according to claim 1, wherein a part or all of the surface of the radiation shielding wall is subjected to anticorrosion treatment.   The radioactive waste container according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the filler is made of any one of zeolite, clay, and concrete, or a combination of plural kinds.   The hermetic container is composed of a main body having a bottom wall and a side wall in which the inner surface and / or outer surface of the concrete layer is covered with a steel plate and having an upper surface opened, and a lid body closing the upper end opening of the main body. The radioactive waste container in any one of Claims 1-3.   The radioactive waste storage device according to claim 4, wherein stud gibbles provided on the steel plate are disposed in the concrete layer.   The radioactive waste storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a suspended piece that also serves as a spacer for forming a space between adjacent sealed containers is provided on an outer surface of the sealed container.   The radioactive waste storage device according to claim 6, wherein the suspended pieces provided in the sealed containers adjacent to each other are connected to each other with a connecting rod.   The radioactive waste storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a gas discharging means for discharging the gas in the sealed container is provided in a part of the sealed container.   A civil engineering structure, wherein the radioactive waste container according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used as an embedded basic material.   The civil engineering structure according to claim 9, which is any one of a foundation, a dike, a pier, a caisson, and a paved road of a building.

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